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Ormazábal-Toledo R, Richter S, Robles-Navarro A, Maulén B, Matute RA, Gallardo-Fuentes S. Meisenheimer complexes as hidden intermediates in the aza-S NAr mechanism. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:4238-4247. [PMID: 32432594 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00600a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report a computational study about the aza-SNAr mechanism in fluorine- and chlorine-containing azines with the aim to unravel the physical factors that determine the reactivity patterns in these heterocycles towards propylamine. The nature of the reaction intermediate was analyzed in terms of its electronic structure based on a topological analysis framework in some non-stationary points along the reaction coordinate. The mechanistic dichotomy of a concerted or a stepwise pathway is interpreted in terms of the qualitative Diabatic Model of Intermediate Stabilization (DMIS) approach, providing a general mechanistic picture for the SNAr process involving both activated benzenes and nitrogen-containing heterocycles. With the information collected, a unified vision of the Meisenheimer complexes as transition state, hidden intermediate or real intermediate was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ormazábal-Toledo
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile. and Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sebastián Richter
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrés Robles-Navarro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile and Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Avda. Ecuador 3493, 9170124 Santiago, Chile
| | - Boris Maulén
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo A Matute
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Santiago 8370854, Chile. and Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Sebastián Gallardo-Fuentes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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Feofanov M, Akhmetov V, Takayama R, Amsharov K. Catalyst-Free Synthesis of O-Heteroacenes by Ladderization of Fluorinated Oligophenylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5199-5203. [PMID: 32924244 PMCID: PMC7986400 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel catalyst-free approach to benzoannulated oxygen-containing heterocycles from fluorinated oligophenylenes is reported. Unlike existing methods, the presented reaction does not require an oxygen-containing precursor and relies on an external oxygen source, potassium tert-butoxide, which serves as an O2- synthon. The radical nature of the reaction facilitates nucleophilic substitution even in the presence of strong electron-donating groups and enables de-tert-butylation required for the complete annulation. Also demonstrated is the applicability of the method to introduce five-, six-, and seven-membered rings containing oxygen, whereas multiple annulations also open up a short synthetic path to ladder-type O-heteroacenes and oligodibenzofurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Feofanov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyOrganic Chemistry IINikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
- Institute of ChemistryOrganic ChemistryMartin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Strasse 206120HalleGermany
| | - Vladimir Akhmetov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyOrganic Chemistry IINikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
- Institute of ChemistryOrganic ChemistryMartin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Strasse 206120HalleGermany
| | - Ryo Takayama
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyOrganic Chemistry IINikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyOrganic Chemistry IINikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
- Institute of ChemistryOrganic ChemistryMartin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Strasse 206120HalleGermany
- South Ural State Universitypr. Lenina 76454080ChelyabinskRussia
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3
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Feofanov M, Akhmetov V, Takayama R, Amsharov K. Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of O‐Heteroacenes by Ladderization of Fluorinated Oligophenylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Feofanov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Organic Chemistry II Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Organic Chemistry Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Vladimir Akhmetov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Organic Chemistry II Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Organic Chemistry Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Ryo Takayama
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Organic Chemistry II Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Organic Chemistry II Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Organic Chemistry Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle Germany
- South Ural State University pr. Lenina 76 454080 Chelyabinsk Russia
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Rojas-Valencia N, Núñez-Zarur F. The origin of the high reactivity of triazolinediones (TADs) in Diels-Alder reactions from a theoretical perspective. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Adolfo Cuesta S, Cordova‐Sintjago T, Ramón Mora J. Sulfonylation of Five‐Membered Aromatic Heterocycles Compounds through Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Concerted or Stepwise Mechanism? ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Adolfo Cuesta
- Grupo de Química computacional y teórica (QCT-USFQ) Departamento de Ingeniería QuímicaUniversidad San Francisco de Quito Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica Quito 17-1200-841 Ecuador
| | | | - José Ramón Mora
- Grupo de Química computacional y teórica (QCT-USFQ) Departamento de Ingeniería QuímicaUniversidad San Francisco de Quito Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica Quito 17-1200-841 Ecuador
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Cyrille NN, Idrice AA, Maraf MB, Charles FA, Ibrahim MN, Ríos‐Gutierrez M, Domingo LR. Understanding the Mechanism of Nitrobenzene Nitration with Nitronium Ion: A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Nouhou Cyrille
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryFaculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé Cameroon
- Computational Chemistry LaboratoryHigh Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaoundé I P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Adjieufack Abel Idrice
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryFaculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé Cameroon
- Computational Chemistry LaboratoryHigh Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaoundé I P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Mbah Bake Maraf
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryFaculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé Cameroon
- Computational Chemistry LaboratoryHigh Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaoundé I P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Fon Abi Charles
- Computational Chemistry LaboratoryHigh Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaoundé I P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Mbouombouo Ndassa Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry LaboratoryHigh Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaoundé I P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Mar Ríos‐Gutierrez
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Valencia Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot Valencia 46100 Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyMcMaster University 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario L8 S 4 L8 Canada
| | - Luis Ramon Domingo
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Valencia Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot Valencia 46100 Spain
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