1
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Mohamadpour F, Amani AM. Gram-scale photosynthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles using 3DPAFIPN as a halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer via a consecutive visible-light-induced electron transfer process. Front Chem 2024; 12:1407071. [PMID: 39176074 PMCID: PMC11338856 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1407071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Typically, organic dyes show lower excited state lifetimes, a key hindrance in the development of efficient photoredox processes. Due to their distinctive qualities and efficiency, a particular class of organic chromophores has drawn considerable interest from the scientific community. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is only seen in molecules with a minimal energy gap (usually less than 0.2 eV) between their lowest two excited states, i.e., singlet excited state (S1) and triplet excited state (T1), is a distinctive property of the molecules under study. Isophthalonitriles are a promising family of chromophores for use as organic photocatalysts because of the ease with which their redox potentials may be adjusted and the prolonged singlet excited states resulting from TADF. Methods A sustainable process for the photosynthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles has been developed using the Michael-Mannich cyclocondensation of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and formaldehyde. The development of a green radical synthesis strategy for this family of chemicals is discussed in detail in the current work. This work used a novel halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was used as a photocatalyst. It was dissolved in ethanol, exposed to air at ambient temperature, and triggered by a blue light-emitting diode as a renewable energy source. This project's main goal is to use a novel conveniently accessible, reasonably priced donor-acceptor (D-A) based on halogenated cyanoarene. Findings When exposed to visible light, the 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile] photocatalyst, which is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), can induce single-electron transfer (SET), providing a simple and green method that is highly effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly. Also, we calculated the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) for polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles. Gram-scale cyclization has also been shown to be a practical technique for use in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Mohamadpour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Goll FD, Dießner N, Kuehne AJC, Ziener U. Dihedral Angles and Photoluminescence Quantum Yields: An NMR Analysis. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400288. [PMID: 38895805 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of two different series of donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules is reported, consisting of a series of four structurally related donors and two different acceptors. The subtle differences in the electron density of these D-A-D and D-A compounds are clearly reflected in the different chemical shifts of certain donor protons in the 1H NMR spectra. These shifts show a cosine squared correlation of the dihedral angle between the donor units and the neighbouring phenyl unit of the acceptor. This correlation is also related to optical properties such as the photoluminescence quantum yield, which shows a similar trend due to the different degree of charge transfer during excitation and relaxation processes. In this way, it is possible to directly correlate a molecular structural parameter with a material property on a purely experimental basis, which should be applicable to many donor-acceptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix D Goll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III - Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Dießner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III - Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III - Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ziener
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III - Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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3
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Millward F, Zysman-Colman E. Mechanophotocatalysis: A Generalizable Approach to Solvent-minimized Photocatalytic Reactions for Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316169. [PMID: 38263796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
This proof-of-concept study cements the viability and generality of mechanophotocatalysis, merging mechanochemistry and photocatalysis to enable solvent-minimized photocatalytic reactions. We demonstrate the transmutation of four archetypal solution-state photocatalysis reactions to a solvent-minimized environment driven by the combined actions of milling, light, and photocatalysts. The chlorosulfonylation of alkenes and the pinacol coupling of aldehydes and ketones were conducted under solvent-free conditions with competitive or superior efficiencies to their solution-state analogues. Furthermore, decarboxylative alkylations are shown to function efficiently under solvent-minimized conditions, while the photoinduced energy transfer promoted [2+2] cycloaddition of chalcone experiences a significant initial rate enhancement over its solution-state variant. This work serves as a platform for future discoveries in an underexplored field: validating that solvent-minimized photocatalysis is not only generalizable and competitive with solution-state photocatalysis, but can also offer valuable advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Millward
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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4
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Mohamadpour F, Amani AM. Halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer (3DPAFIPN) as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) used in gram-scale photosynthesis 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1 H)-one/thione derivatives via a consecutive visible-light-induced electron-transfer pathway. Front Chem 2024; 12:1361266. [PMID: 38496273 PMCID: PMC10943697 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1361266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Organic dyes often have shorter lifetimes in the excited state, which is a major obstacle to the development of effective photoredox methods. The scientific community has shown a great deal of interest in a certain class of organic chromophores because of their unique characteristics and effectiveness. One characteristic of the molecules under research is thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), which is only observed in molecules with a tiny energy gap (often less than 0.2 eV) between their lowest two excited states, i.e., singlet excited state (S1) and triplet excited state (T1). The extended singlet excited states arising from TADF and the simplicity with which their redox potentials may be altered make the isophthalonitrile family of chromophores an attractive option for organic photocatalyst applications. Methods: The Biginelli reaction between β-ketoesters, arylaldehydes, and urea/thiourea has been used to build a sustainable technique for the production of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives. In the present study, the development of a green radical synthesis approach for this class of compounds is addressed in depth. As a photocatalyst, a new halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was employed in this study. As a renewable energy source activated by a blue LED, it was dissolved in ethanol, at room temperature in air atmosphere. The primary objective of this research is to employ a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) based on halogenated cyanoarene that is affordable, easily available, and innovative. Findings: The 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile] photocatalyst, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), induces single-electron transfer (SET) in response to visible light, offering a straightforward, eco-friendly, and highly efficient process. Additionally, we determined the 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives turnover frequency (TOF) and turnover number (TON). It has also been demonstrated that gram-scale cyclization is a workable method for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Mohamadpour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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5
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Goll FD, Schelhorn A, Litvinas D, Tenopala-Carmona F, Kazak L, Jelezko F, Lambert C, Gather MC, Kuehne AJC, Ziener U. Revealing the Origin of Fast Delayed Fluorescence in a Donor Functionalized Bisterpyridine. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303067. [PMID: 37902606 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
A new carbazole-substituted bisterpyridine with pronounced delayed fluorescence is presented. While the molecular donor-acceptor-donor design suggests the origin of this to be thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), results from various photophysical characterizations, OLED characteristics, temperature-dependent NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations all point against the involvement of triplet states. The molecule exhibits blue emission at about 440 nm with two or more fast decay channels in the lower nanosecond range in both solution and thin films. The delayed emission is proposed to be caused by rotational vibrational modes. We suggest that these results are generally applicable, especially for more complex molecules, and should be considered as alternative or competitive emissive relaxation pathways in the field of organic light emitting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix D Goll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III -, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Schelhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III -, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Džiugas Litvinas
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4-6, 50939, Köln, Germany
| | - Francisco Tenopala-Carmona
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4-6, 50939, Köln, Germany
| | - Lev Kazak
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malte C Gather
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4-6, 50939, Köln, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, KY16 9SS, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III -, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ziener
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III -, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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6
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Mohamadpour F. 3DPAFIPN as a halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer catalyzed gram-scale photosynthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13142. [PMID: 37573466 PMCID: PMC10423215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilizing the Knoevenagel-Michael tandem cyclocondensation reaction of barbituric acid/1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, malononitrile, and aryl aldehydes, a sustainable methodology for the photosynthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds has been devised. The present study expounds on the development of a green radical synthetic approach toward this class of compounds. In this study, a novel halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was utilized in an aqueous solution, exposed to air at room temperature, and activated by a blue LED as a renewable energy source for the purpose of generating energy. The primary aim of this endeavor is to employ a recently developed, easily obtainable, and affordably priced halogenated cyanoarene-based donor-acceptor (D-A). The 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile]} photocatalyst, as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is capable of inducing single electron transfer (SET) upon irradiation with visible light, thereby offering a facile and efficient approach with a high degree of effectiveness, energy efficiency, and eco-friendliness. The aforementioned phenomenon facilitates the exploration of the temporal changes that have occurred in the interactions between the surroundings and chemical constituents. The present study aimed to investigate the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) for pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that gram-scale cyclization is a viable method for utilization in industrial applications.
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7
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Gao C, Zeng J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhan ZP. A Photosensitizer for N-O Bond Activation: 2,7-Br-4CzIPN-Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Alkenes with Oxime Esters. Org Lett 2023; 25:3146-3151. [PMID: 37083314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
We developed 2,4,5,6-tetrakis(2,7-dibromo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile (2,7-Br-4CzIPN) as a new photosensitizer for the energy-transfer-driven N-O bond dissociation of oxime esters. In the presence of 2,7-Br-4CzIPN, difunctionalization of alkenes with oxime esters, including oxyimination, aminocarboxylation, and amidylimination, could afford a variety of versatile molecules in good yields with excellent regioselectivity, which widely occur in natural products and drugs. Our theoretical investigations and experiments have demonstrated that 2,7-Br-4CzIPN has unique photophysical properties, favorable triplet energy, and excellent photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Ping Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
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8
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Pinosa E, Bassan E, Cetin S, Villa M, Potenti S, Calogero F, Gualandi A, Fermi A, Ceroni P, Cozzi PG. Light-Induced Access to Carbazole-1,3-dicarbonitrile: A Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent (TADF) Photocatalyst for Cobalt-Mediated Allylations. J Org Chem 2022; 88:6390-6400. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Pinosa
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Bassan
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sultan Cetin
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Villa
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Potenti
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Calogero
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Gualandi
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Fermi
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Cozzi
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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9
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Zhou C, Gan QC, Zhou TP, Lei T, Ye C, He XJ, Chen B, Lu H, Wan Q, Liao RZ, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Site-Selective N-1 and C-3 Heteroarylation of Indole with Heteroarylnitriles by Organocatalysis under Visible Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116421. [PMID: 34985181 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Site-selective N-1 and C-3 arylation of indole has been sought after because of the prevalent application of arylindoles and the intricate reactivities associated with the multiple sites of the N-unsubstituted indole. Represented herein is the first regioselective heteroarylation of indole via a radical-radical cross-coupling by visible-light irradiation. Steady and time-resolved spectroscopic and computational studies revealed that the hydrogen-bonding interaction of organic base and its conjugated acid, namely with indole and heteroarylnitrile, determined the reaction pathway, which underwent either proton-coupled electron-transfer or energy-transfer for the subsequent radical-radical cross-coupling, leading to the regioselective formation of C-3 and N-1 heteroarylation of indoles, respectively. The parallel methodologies for regioisomeric N-1 and C-3 heteroaryl indoles with good functional group compatibility could be applied to large-scale synthesis and late-stage derivatization of bioactive compounds under extremely mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi-Chao Gan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tai-Ping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Heng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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10
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Zhou C, Gan Q, Zhou T, Lei T, Ye C, He X, Chen B, Lu H, Wan Q, Liao R, Tung C, Wu L. Site‐Selective
N
‐1 and C‐3 Heteroarylation of Indole with Heteroarylnitriles by Organocatalysis under Visible Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qi‐Chao Gan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Tai‐Ping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Tao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiao‐Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Heng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Rong‐Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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11
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Song YF, Niu X, Zhao J, Shen S, Yang XL. Visible-light-mediated defluorinative cyclization of α-fluoro-β-enamino esters catalyzed by 4-CzIPN. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00412g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using 4-CzIPN as an energy transfer (EnT) photocatalyst and α-fluoro-β-enamino esters as the substrates, a mild 6π-photocyclization/defluorination of N-aryl enamines was carried out to efficiently construct indoles without oxidant and...
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12
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Taylor D, Malcomson T, Zhakeyev A, Cheng S, Rosair GM, Marques-Hueso J, Xu Z, Paterson MJ, Dalgarno SJ, Vilela F. 4,7-Diarylbenzo[ c][1,2,5]thiadiazoles as fluorophores and visible light organophotocatalysts. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A library of 26 electron donor-acceptor organophotocatalysts based on the benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (BTZ) group has been developed. These visible light organophotocatalysts were then used in a Minisci-type alkylation of heteroarenes under both batch and continuous flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Taylor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Thomas Malcomson
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Adilet Zhakeyev
- Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Shengxian Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Georgina M. Rosair
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Jose Marques-Hueso
- Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Martin J. Paterson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Scott J. Dalgarno
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Filipe Vilela
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
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Sansano JM, de Gracia Retamosa M, Döndaş HA, Sobhani S, Nájera C, Yus MA. Photocatalytic Homocoupling Transformations. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1517-7329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHomocoupling reactions promoted by photocatalysts are not very abundant in the literature. However, the products generated from such processes are very interesting. In this review, we highlight the most relevant reports concerning photocatalyzed dimerizations covering the literature until the middle of 2020. Reactions will be classified according to the type of starting material employed, with an emphasis being placed on the corresponding mechanism. 1 Introduction2 Arenes and Heteroarenes3 Alkenes4 Alkanes5 Alkynes6 Aldehydes, Ketones, Alcohols, Amines and Imines7 Carboxylic Acids8 Nitro Compounds9 Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Sansano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
| | - María de Gracia Retamosa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
| | - Haci Ali Döndaş
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Çukurova University
| | - Sara Sobhani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Birjand
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
| | - Miguel A. Yus
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
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14
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Yagci BB, Zorlu Y, Türkmen YE. Template-Directed Photochemical Homodimerization and Heterodimerization Reactions of Cinnamic Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13118-13128. [PMID: 34469153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed a general method for the selective photochemical homo- and heterodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives with the use of commercially available 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene as a covalent template. A variety of symmetrical and unsymmetrical β-truxinic acids were obtained in high yields and as single diastereomers. The use of a template not only provides the alignment of the two olefins with suitable proximity (<4.2 Å) but also allows the heterodimerization of two different cinnamic acids, leading to unsymmetrical β-truxinic acid products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Banu Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Türkmen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey.,UNAM, National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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15
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Heteroleptic copper(I) complexes as energy transfer photocatalysts for the intermolecular [2 + 2] photodimerization of chalcones, cinnamates and cinnamamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Bryden MA, Zysman-Colman E. Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds used in photocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7587-7680. [PMID: 34002736 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds that show Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) have become wildly popular as next-generation emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Since 2016, a subset of these have found increasing use as photocatalysts. This review comprehensively highlights their potential by documenting the diversity of the reactions where an organic TADF photocatalyst can be used in lieu of a noble metal complex photocatalyst. Beyond the small number of TADF photocatalysts that have been used to date, the analysis conducted within this review reveals the wider potential of organic donor-acceptor TADF compounds as photocatalysts. A discussion of the benefits of compounds showing TADF for photocatalysis is presented, which paints a picture of a very promising future for organic photocatalyst development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Amy Bryden
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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17
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Bobo MV, Kuchta JJ, Vannucci AK. Recent advancements in the development of molecular organic photocatalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4816-4834. [PMID: 34008685 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Research in the development of molecular organic photocatalysts for applications in chemical syntheses has burgeoned in recent years. While organic photosensitizers have been known for over a century, tuning the properties of these molecules to increase photocatalytic efficiencies is now of growing importance. The properties that help improve the performance of organic photocatalysts include: a wider range of redox potentials, increased molar absorptivity (ε) in the visible spectrum, increased quantum yields (Φ), long-lived excited-state lifetimes (ns to μs), and increased chemical stability. This review examines some of the recent advancements in the development of molecular organic photocatalysts, specifically cyanoarenes, acridinium dyes, phenazines, thiazines, oxazines, and xanthenes, with respect to these properties and examines the chemical synthesis routes now achieved by organic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Bobo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Joseph J Kuchta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Aaron K Vannucci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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