1
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Golz P, Shakeri K, Maas L, Balizs M, Pérez-Bitrián A, Kemmler HD, Kleoff M, Voßnacker P, Christmann M, Riedel S. Silver(i) Perfluoroalcoholates: Synthesis, Structure, and their Use as Transfer Reagents. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400861. [PMID: 38607245 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Herein we report a general access to silver(i) perfluoroalcoholates, their structure in the solid state and in solution, and their use as transfer reagents. The silver(i) perfluoroalcoholates are prepared by the reaction of AgF with the corresponding perfluorinated carbonyl compounds in acetonitrile and are stable for a prolonged time at -18 °C. X-ray analysis of single crystals of perfluoroalcoholate species showed that two Ag(i) centers are bridged by the alcoholate ligands. In acetonitrile solution, Ag[OCF3] forms different structures as indicated by IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the silver(i) perfluoroalcoholates can be used as easy-to-handle transfer reagents for the synthesis of Cu[OCF3], Cu[OC2F5], [PPh4][Au(CF3)3(OCF3)], and fluorinated alkyl ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Golz
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kamar Shakeri
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilian Maas
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marius Balizs
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alberto Pérez-Bitrián
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helen D Kemmler
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin Kleoff
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Voßnacker
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Deng Z, Meng L, Bing X, Niu S, Zhang X, Peng J, Luan YX, Chen L, Tang P. Silver-Enabled Dearomative Trifluoromethoxylation of Indoles. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2325-2332. [PMID: 38232384 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The only known method for the dearomative trifluoromethoxylation of indoles is preliminary, with only one substrate successfully undergoing the reaction. In this study, we not only developed a broadly applicable method for indole dearomative trifluoromethoxylation but also achieved divergent trifluoromethoxylation by fine-tuning the reaction conditions. Under optimized conditions, with a silver salt and an easily handled OCF3 reagent, various indoles smoothly underwent dearomatization to afford a diverse array of ditrifluoromethoxylated indolines in 50-84% isolated yields with up to 37:1 diastereoselectivity, and fluorinated trifluoromethoxylated indolines were obtained with exclusive trans selectivity. In addition, the reaction conditions were compatible with other heteroaromatic rings as well as styrene moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Deng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lingduan Meng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao Bing
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shaoxiong Niu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Junqin Peng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Xin Luan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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3
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Yuan WJ, Tong CL, Xu XH, Qing FL. N-Trifluoromethoxyphthalimide: A Shelf-Stable Reagent for Nucleophilic Trifluoromethoxylation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4434-4441. [PMID: 36920884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique properties of the OCF3 group, trifluoromethyl ether compounds play an important role in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the development of practical and convenient reagents for the direct incorporation of the OCF3 group into organic compounds. Herein, we reported a new trifluoromethoxylating reagent N-trifluoromethoxyphthalimide (Phth-OCF3). The reagent was a stable solid and released an OCF3 anion under mild reaction conditions. We demonstrated the application of Phth-OCF3 for the nucleophilic trifluoromethoxylation of various alkyl electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao-Lai Tong
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Abstract
This review provides a short summary of the traditional methods for synthesis of CF3-O-containing compounds, followed by a critical overview of known trifluoromethoxylating reagents, focusing on their preparation, synthetic generality and limitations.
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5
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Lu Z, Kumon T, Hammond GB, Umemoto T. Trifluoromethyl Nonaflate: A Practical Trifluoromethoxylating Reagent and its Application to the Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethoxylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA
| | - Tatsuya Kumon
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Gerald B. Hammond
- Department of Chemistry University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA
| | - Teruo Umemoto
- Department of Chemistry University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA
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6
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Lu Z, Kumon T, Hammond GB, Umemoto T. Trifluoromethyl Nonaflate: A Practical Trifluoromethoxylating Reagent and its Application to the Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethoxylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16171-16177. [PMID: 34010513 PMCID: PMC8260458 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The trifluoromethoxy group has elicited much interest among drug and agrochemical discovery teams because of its unique properties. We developed trifluoromethyl nonafluorobutanesulfonate (nonaflate), TFNf, an easy-to-handle, bench-stable, reactive, and scalable trifluoromethoxylating reagent. TFNf is easily and safely prepared in a simple process in large scale and the nonaflyl part of TFNf can easily be recovered as nonaflyl fluoride after usage and recycled. The synthetic potency of TFNf was showcased with the underexplored synthesis of various trifluoromethoxylated alkenes, through a high regio- and stereoselective hydro(halo)trifluoromethoxylation of alkyne derivatives such as haloalkynes, alkynyl esters, and alkynyl sulfones. The synthetic merits of TFNf were further underscored with a high-yielding and smooth nucleophilic trifluoromethoxylation of alkyl triflates/bromides and primary/secondary alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Tatsuya Kumon
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Teruo Umemoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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7
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Duran-Camacho G, Ferguson DM, Kampf JW, Bland DC, Sanford MS. Isolable Pyridinium Trifluoromethoxide Salt for Nucleophilic Trifluoromethoxylation. Org Lett 2021; 23:5138-5142. [PMID: 34139121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An isolable pyridinium trifluoromethoxide salt is prepared from the reaction of 4-dimethylaminopyridine with the commercially available liquid 2,4-dinitro(trifluoromethoxy)benzene. The salt is an effective trifluoromethoxide source for SN2 reactions to form trifluoromethyl ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Duran-Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Devin M Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jeff W Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Douglas C Bland
- Product & Process Technology R&D, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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8
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Saiter J, Guérin T, Donnard M, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux FR. Direct Trifluoromethoxylation without OCF
3
‐Carrier through In Situ Generation of Fluorophosgene. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Saiter
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Thomas Guérin
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Frédéric R. Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM 67000 Strasbourg France
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9
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Schneider LN, Tanzer Krauel EM, Deutsch C, Urbahns K, Bischof T, Maibom KAM, Landmann J, Keppner F, Kerpen C, Hailmann M, Zapf L, Knuplez T, Bertermann R, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M. Stable and Storable N(CF 3 ) 2 Transfer Reagents. Chemistry 2021; 27:10973-10978. [PMID: 33978273 PMCID: PMC8361714 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated groups are essential for drug design, agrochemicals, and materials science. The bis(trifluoromethyl)amino group is an example of a stable group that has a high potential. While the number of molecules containing perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy, and other fluorinated groups is steadily increasing, examples with the N(CF3 )2 group are rare. One reason is that transfer reagents are scarce and metal-based storable reagents are unknown. Herein, a set of CuI and AgI bis(trifluoromethyl)amido complexes stabilized by N- and P-donor ligands with unprecedented stability are presented. The complexes are stable solids that can even be manipulated in air for a short time. They are bis(trifluoromethyl)amination reagents as shown by nucleophilic substitution and Sandmeyer reactions. In addition to a series of benzylbis(trifluoromethyl)amines, 2-bis(trifluoromethyl)amino acetate was obtained, which, upon hydrolysis, gives the fluorinated amino acid N,N-bis(trifluoromethyl)glycine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon N Schneider
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Tanzer Krauel
- Insitro Inc (previously employed by Merck KGaA, Darmstadt (Germany) where the research supporting this publication was conducted)., 279 E Grand Ave., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Carl Deutsch
- Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischof
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kristina A M Maibom
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Landmann
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Keppner
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kerpen
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hailmann
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Zapf
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Knuplez
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai V Ignat'ev
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB) Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Lu K, Xi X, Zhou T, Lei L, Li Q, Zhao X. Copper-catalysed direct difluoromethylselenolation of aryl boronic acids with Se-(difluoromethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonoselenoate. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Wang F, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Tang P. Silver-Catalyzed Dibromotrifluoromethoxylation of Terminal Alkynes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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12
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Zhao H, Lu C, Herbert S, Zhang W, Shen Q. Difluoromethylation of Alkyl Bromides and Iodides with TMSCF 2H. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2854-2865. [PMID: 33464896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe, for the first time, two protocols for direct difluoromethylation of unactivated alkyl bromides and iodides. Reactions of alkyl iodides with TMSCF2H were mediated by a copper catalyst using CsF as the activator, while reactions of less reactive alkyl bromides required a combination of palladium and a stoichiometric amount of CuI as the catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies of the synergistic Pd/Cu-catalyzed difluoromethylation of alkyl bromides suggest that it proceeds likely via a Pd(I)/Pd(III) catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Changhui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Simon Herbert
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 178 Müllerstraße, Berlin 13342, Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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13
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Jiang X, Tang P. Recent Advances of Trifluoromethoxylation Reactions Using
TFMS
and
TFBO. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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14
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Song HX, Tian ZY, Xiao JC, Zhang CP. Tertiary-Amine-Initiated Synthesis of Acyl Fluorides from Carboxylic Acids and CF 3 SO 2 OCF 3. Chemistry 2020; 26:16261-16265. [PMID: 32954583 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A convenient method for deoxyfluorination of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids with CF3 SO2 OCF3 in the presence of a suitable base at room temperature has been developed. The reaction allows a straightforward access to a variety of acyl fluorides and proves that CF3 SO2 OCF3 is an effective deoxyfluorination reagent for carboxylic acids. The method features simplicity, expeditiousness, high efficiency, ease of handling, good functional group tolerance, a wide range of substrates, excellent yields of products, compatibility of many amine initiators, use of environmentally friendly reagents, and effortless removal of byproducts. This reaction represents the first utilization of trifluoromethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate as a fluorination reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Song
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Yu Tian
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Pan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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15
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Abstract
A silver-catalyzed trifluoromethoxylation of alkyl trifluoroborates with trifluoromethyl arylsulfonate as the trifluoromethoxylation reagent has been reported for the first time. This reaction is performed under mild reaction conditions and has wide functional group compatibility. In addition, the mechanism of this site-specific trifluoromethoxylation is proposed as a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
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16
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Selective C-H trifluoromethoxylation of (hetero)arenes as limiting reagent. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2569. [PMID: 32444828 PMCID: PMC7244481 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods for direct C-H trifluoromethoxylation of arenes and heteroarenes are rare, despite the importance of trifluoromethoxylated compounds for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and material sciences. Especially selective C-H trifluoromethoxylation of pyridines remains a formidable challenge. Here we show a general late-stage C-H trifluoromethoxylation of arenes and heteroarenes as limiting reagent with trifluoromethoxide anion. The reaction is mediated by silver salts under mild reaction conditions, exhibiting broad substrate scope and wide functional-group compatibility. In addition, ortho-position selective C-H trifluoromethoxylation of pyridines is observed. The method is not only applicable to the gram-scale synthesis of trifluoromethoxylated products but also allows efficient late-stage C-H trifluoromethoxylation of marketed small-molecule drugs, common pharmacophores and natural products. Selective C-H trifluoromethoxylation of pyridines remains a formidable synthetic challenge. Here, the authors report a silver-mediated late-stage C-H trifluoromethoxylation of arenes and heteroarenes as limiting reagents with trifluoromethoxide anion.
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17
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Newton JJ, Jelier BJ, Meanwell M, Martin RE, Britton R, Friesen CM. Quaternary Ammonium Trifluoromethoxide Salts as Stable Sources of Nucleophilic OCF 3. Org Lett 2020; 22:1785-1790. [PMID: 32053386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of nucleophilic tertiary amines with trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl methyl ethers provides quaternary ammonium trifluoromethoxide (NR4OCF3) and pentafluoroethoxide (NR4OCF2CF3) salts, respectively, in good yields. The new trifluoromethoxide salts disclosed herein are uniquely stable for extended periods of time in both the solid state and in solution, which complements contemporary reagents. Here we describe the preparation of a range of NR4OCF3 salts, their long-term stability, and utility in substitution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah J Newton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6.,Department of Chemistry, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia Canada, V2Y 1Y1
| | - Benson J Jelier
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Michael Meanwell
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Rainer E Martin
- Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Chadron M Friesen
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia Canada, V2Y 1Y1
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18
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Yu J, Lin JH, Yu D, Du R, Xiao JC. Oxidation of difluorocarbene and subsequent trifluoromethoxylation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5362. [PMID: 31767850 PMCID: PMC6877537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As a versatile intermediate, difluorocarbene is an electron-deficient transient species, meaning that its oxidation would be challenging. Herein we show that the oxidation of difluorocarbene could occur smoothly to generate carbonyl fluoride. The oxidation process is confirmed by successful trifluoromethoxylation, 18O-trifluoromethoxylation, the observation of AgOCF3 species, and DFT calculations. Difluorocarbene is a versatile and efficient intermediate for fluorine incorporation. Here, the authors show that difluorocarbene can be oxidized to carbonyl fluoride and this process is confirmed in 18O-trifluoromethoxylation reactions, by observation of AgOCF3 species and theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruobing Du
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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