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Uddandrao VVS, Eraniappan S, Balakrishnan Ramajayam A, Singaravel S, Roy A, Parim BN, Ponnusamy C, Ganapathy S, Ponnusamy P, Sasikumar V. Hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin combination alleviates obesity-induced testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2024; 70:20-37. [PMID: 38323592 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2024.2306403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Recent research in rodents suggests that oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testes caused by high-fat diets (HFD) are a cause of male infertility. To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin (HCC) against male reproductive disorders, we developed an HFD-induced obese rat model. Rats received HFD supplementation for 21 weeks, which induced obesity. From week 16, HCC (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered to investigate its potential to treat testicular toxicity. According to the results of the current study, treatment of obese rats with HCC improved their sperm quality, increased the production of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone and significantly increased the activities of steroidogenic enzymes and corresponding mRNA levels. In addition, HCC decreased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in both spermatozoa and testes while increasing the expression of mRNA for the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the testes, which in turn reduced oxidative stress in the testes. Moreover, after HCC treatment, testicular tissues showed a remarkable decrease in mRNA levels responsible for inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB) and apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2). Our results suggest that HCC may alleviate obesity-induced male reproductive dysfunction by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testes of HFD-induced obese male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Seshathri Eraniappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Bhaarath Medical College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Anitha Roy
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Brahma Naidu Parim
- Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandrasekaran Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Saravanan Ganapathy
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Vadivukkarasi Sasikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, India
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Tedasen A, Chiabchalard A, Tencomnao T, Yamasaki K, Majima HJ, Phongphithakchai A, Chatatikun M. Anti-Melanogenic Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Garcinia atroviridis Fruits Using In Vitro Experiments, Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:713. [PMID: 38929152 PMCID: PMC11200473 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanin, the pigment responsible for human skin color, increases susceptibility to UV radiation, leading to excessive melanin production and hyperpigmentation disorders. This study investigated the ethanolic extract of Garcinia atroviridis fruits for its phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, and impact on melanogenesis pathways using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Utilizing network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations, researchers explored G. atroviridis fruit extract's active compounds, targets, and pharmacological effects on hyperpigmentation. G. atroviridis fruit extract exhibited antioxidant properties, scavenging DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals radicals and chelating copper. It inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content in stimulated B16F10 cells, downregulating TYR, TRP-1, phosphorylated CREB, CREB, and MITF proteins along with transcription levels of MITF, TYR, and TRP-2. LC-MS analysis identified thirty-three metabolites, with seventeen compounds selected for further investigation. Network pharmacology revealed 41 hyperpigmentation-associated genes and identified significant GO terms and KEGG pathways, including cancer-related pathways. Kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside exhibited high binding affinity against MAPK3/ERK1, potentially regulating melanogenesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Stable ligand-protein interactions in molecular dynamics simulations supported these findings. Overall, this study suggests that the ethanolic extract of G. atroviridis fruits possesses significant antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, and anti-melanogenic properties mediated through key molecular targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Tedasen
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (A.T.); (H.J.M.)
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Chiabchalard
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.C.); (T.T.)
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.C.); (T.T.)
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kenshi Yamasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki J. Majima
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (A.T.); (H.J.M.)
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Atthaphong Phongphithakchai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Moragot Chatatikun
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (A.T.); (H.J.M.)
- Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Amini MR, Salavatizadeh M, Kazeminejad S, Javadi F, Hajiaqaei M, Askari G, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) on serum leptin concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2024; 84:103060. [PMID: 38876392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The observed impacts of Garcinia cambogia (GC) on serum leptin indicate inconsistency. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness of GC on leptin levels. METHODS A thorough literature search was carried out using different online databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, until May 25, 2024. Using random effects, weighted mean differences (WMDs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. Standard procedures were followed to account for publication bias, study quality, and statistical heterogeneity. RESULTS In this meta-analysis, a total of eight eligible trials with 330 participants were ultimately included. Quality assessment showed that half of the included trials were considered to have fair quality, while the other half were deemed to have poor quality. Our analysis, with no indication of publication bias, showed a significantly decreased effect of GC on leptin compared with the placebo (WMD: -5.01ng/ml; 95% CI: -9.22 to -0.80, p=0.02). However, significant heterogeneity was detected between studies (I2=93.5%, p < 0.001). The Hartung-Knapp adjustment did not affect our results. Subgroup analysis revealed that GC consumption represents the most effects in trials with sample size ≥ 50 (WMD: -3.63ng/ml; 95% CI [-5.51, -1.76], p <0.001), and mean age of participants ≥ 30 years (WMD: -7.43ng/ml; 95% CI [-9.31, -5.56], p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study showed that leptin levels might decline following GC administration. To confirm our findings, further high-quality RCTs with suitable methodologic structures are required. REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023486370.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marieh Salavatizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervin Kazeminejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fozhan Javadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hajiaqaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lee HW, Karki R, Han JH. Inhibition of the RPS6KA1/FoxO1 signaling axis by hydroxycitric acid attenuates HFD-induced obesity through MCE suppression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155551. [PMID: 38569293 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because obesity is associated with a hyperplasia-mediated increase in adipose tissue, inhibiting cell proliferation during mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) is a leading strategy for preventing obesity. Although (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is used to control obesity, the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects on MCE are poorly understood. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of HCA on MCE and underlying molecular mechanisms affecting adipogenesis and obesity improvements. METHODS Preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1, were treated with HCA; oil red O, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and related alterations in signaling pathways were examined. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were administered HCA for 12 weeks; body and adipose tissues weights were evaluated, and the regulation of signaling pathways in epidydimal white adipose tissue were examined in vivo. RESULTS Here, we report that during MCE, HCA attenuates the proliferation of the preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1, by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. In addition, HCA markedly inhibits Forkhead Box O1 (FoxO1) phosphorylation, thereby inducing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B and suppressing the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 2, cyclin E1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and phosphorylated retinoblastoma. Importantly, we found that ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1 (RPS6KA1) influences HCA-mediated inactivation of FoxO1 and its nuclear exclusion. An animal model of obesity revealed that HCA reduced high-fat diet-induced obesity by suppressing adipocyte numbers as well as epididymal and mesenteric white adipose tissue mass, which is attributed to the regulation of RPS6KA1, FoxO1, CDKN1B and PCNA that had been consistently identified in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism by which HCA regulates adipogenesis and highlight the RPS6KA1/FoxO1 signaling axis as a therapeutic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Won Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Nexus Institute of Research and Innovation (NIRI), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Joo-Hui Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Republic of Korea.
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Uddandrao VVS, Chandrasekaran P, Saravanan G, Brahmanaidu P, Sengottuvelu S, Ponmurugan P, Vadivukkarasi S, Kumar U. Phytoformulation with hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin protects against high-fat-diet-induced obesity cardiomyopathy by reducing cardiac lipid deposition and ameliorating inflammation and apoptosis in the heart. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:162-172. [PMID: 38481548 PMCID: PMC10927456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Phytoformulation therapy is a pioneering strategy for the treatment of metabolic disorders and related diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of a phytoformulation consisting of hydroxycitric acid and capsaicin against obesity-related cardiomyopathy. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HFD for 21 weeks, and phytoformulation (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally for 45 days starting at week 16. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We found that HFD supplementation resulted in significant hyperglycemia and caused an increase in cardiac lipid deposition, inflammation and apoptosis in the heart. Phytoformulation therapy not only significantly decreased blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and inflammatory cytokines in obese rats, but also protected cardiac tissue, as shown by histological analysis. Conversely, phytoformulation therapy decreased mRNA levels for sterol regulatory element-binding factor 1, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid binding protein 1 genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and absorption in obese rats. It increased the levels of lysosomal acid lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase, and lipoprotein lipase genes involved in fatty acid degradation in the heart. In addition, the phytoformulation improved cardiac inflammation and apoptosis by downregulating the genes nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), BCL2-associated X and caspase-3. In conclusion, our results show that the phytoformulation improved insulin sensitivity and attenuated myocardial lipid accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis in the heart of HFD-induced obese rats by regulating fatty acid metabolism genes and downregulating NF-kB/TLR-4/caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - P. Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - G. Saravanan
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - Parim Brahmanaidu
- Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - S. Sengottuvelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamilnadu, 638052, India
| | - P. Ponmurugan
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641046, India
| | - S. Vadivukkarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal District, Tamilnadu, 637215, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- School of Biosciences, Institute of Management Studies Ghaziabad (University Courses Campus), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201015, India
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Amini MR, Rasaei N, Jalalzadeh M, Akhgarjand C, Hashemian M, Jalali P, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1028-1043. [PMID: 38151892 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Garcinia cambogia (GC) has antioxidant, anticancer, antihistamine, and antimicrobial properties. To determine the effect of GC on lipid profiles, a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out. Up to February 9, 2023, six electronic databases (Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched at any time without limitations. Trials examining the impact of GC on serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in adults were included. The total effect was shown as a weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects meta-analysis approach. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 14 trials involving 623 subjects. Plasma levels of TC (WMD: -6.76 mg/dL; CI: -12.39 to -0.59, p-value = 0.032), and TG (WMD: -24.21 mg/dL; CI: -37.84 to -10.58, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced after GC use, and plasma HDL-C (WMD: 2.95 mg/dL; CI: 2.01 to 3.89, p < 0.001) levels increased. low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (WMD: -1.15 mg/dL; CI: -16.08 to 13.78, p-value = 0.880) were not significantly affected. The effects of lowering TC and TG were more pronounced for periods longer than 8 weeks. Consuming GC has a positive impact on TC, TG, and HDL-C concentrations. The limitations of this study include the short duration of analyzed interventions and significant heterogeneity. Nevertheless, it is imperative to conduct well-structured, and high-quality long-term trials to comprehensively evaluate the clinical effectiveness of GC on lipid profile, and validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Moharam Jalalzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Camellia Akhgarjand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Parisa Jalali
- Student Research Committee, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Park J, Nurkolis F, Won H, Yang J, Oh D, Jo H, Choi J, Chung S, Kurniawan R, Kim B. Could Natural Products Help in the Control of Obesity? Current Insights and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2023; 28:6604. [PMID: 37764380 PMCID: PMC10534927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global issue faced by many individuals worldwide. However, no drug has a pronounced effect with few side effects. Green tea, a well-known natural product, shows preventive effects against obesity by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing fat oxidation and antioxidant capacity. In contrast, other natural products are known to contribute to obesity. Relevant articles published on the therapeutic effect of natural products on obesity were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search was conducted by entering keywords such as "obesity", "natural product", and "clinical trial". The natural products were classified as single compounds, foods, teas, fruits, herbal medicines-single extract, herbal medicines-decoction, and herbal medicines-external preparation. Then, the mechanisms of these medicines were organized into lipid metabolism, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, appetite loss, and thermogenesis. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and mechanisms of effective natural products in managing obesity. Several clinical studies reported that natural products showed antiobesity effects, including Coffea arabica (coffee), Camellia sinensis (green tea), Caulerpa racemosa (green algae), Allium sativum (garlic), combined Ephedra intermedia Schrenk, Thea sinensis L., and Atractylodes lancea DC extract (known as Gambisan), Ephedra sinica Stapf, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Coicis semen, Cinnamomi cortex, Paeoniae radix alba, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis (known as Euiiyin-tang formula). Further studies are expected to refine the pharmacological effects of natural products for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Hyunji Won
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Oh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Jo
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Chung
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Myungbo Clinic of Korean Medicine, Hwaseong-si 18466, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudy Kurniawan
- Diabetes Connection Care, Eka Hospital Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang 15321, Indonesia
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Fungfoung K, Praparatana R, Issarachot O, Wiwattanapatapee R. Development of Oral In Situ Gelling Liquid Formulations of Garcinia Extract for Treating Obesity. Gels 2023; 9:660. [PMID: 37623115 PMCID: PMC10453886 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel in situ gelling liquid formulations incorporating garcinia extract were developed to achieve prolonged delivery of hydroxycitric acid (HCA), an active compound displaying anti-obesity function, following oral administration. The optimized formulation was composed of sodium alginate (1.5% w/v), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K100) (0.25% w/v), calcium carbonate (1% w/v) and garcinia extract (2% w/v). The formulation displayed rapid gelation in less than a minute on exposure to 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (pH 1.2) and remained afloat for more than 24 h. The formulations were capable of gradually releasing more than 80% of HCA load over 8 h, depending on the composition. The resulting gels exhibited high values of gel strength by texture analysis, suggesting they would offer resistance to breakdown under the action of stomach content movement. The optimized formulation loaded garcinia extract significantly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells and displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. These findings demonstrate that oral in situ gelling liquid formulations based on sodium alginate and HPMC K100 offer much potential for sustained delivery of HCA and other anti-obesity compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantiya Fungfoung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Rachanida Praparatana
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | - Ousanee Issarachot
- Pharmacy Technician Department, Sirindhron College of Public Health of Suphanburi, Mueang Suphan Buri District 72000, Suphan Buri, Thailand;
| | - Ruedeekorn Wiwattanapatapee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand;
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
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Boix-Castejón M, Roche E, Olivares-Vicente M, Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Herranz-López M, Micol V. Plant compounds for obesity treatment through neuroendocrine regulation of hunger: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154735. [PMID: 36921427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food intake behavior is influenced by both physiological and psychological complex processes, such as appetite, satiety, and hunger. The neuroendocrine regulation of food intake integrates short- and long-term acting signals that modulate the moment of intake and energy storage/expenditure, respectively. These signals are classified as orexigenic, those that activate anabolic pathways and the desire of eating, and anorexigenic, those that activate the catabolic pathways and a sensation of satiety. Appetite control by natural vegetal compounds is an intense area of research and new pharmacological interventions have been emerging based on an understanding of appetite regulation pathways. Several validated psychometric tools are used to assess the efficacy of these plant ingredients. However, these data are not conclusive if they are not complemented with physiological parameters, such as anthropometric evaluations (body weight and composition) and the analysis of hormones related to adipose tissue and appetite in blood. PURPOSE The purpose of this manuscript is the critical analysis of the plant compounds studied to date in the literature with potential for the neuroendocrine regulation of hunger in order to determine if the use of phytochemicals for the treatment of obesity constitutes an effective and/or promising therapeutic tool. METHODS Relevant information on neuroendocrine regulation of hunger and satiety for the treatment of obesity by plant compounds up to 2022 in English and/or Spanish were derived from online databases using the PubMed search engine and Google Scholar with relevant keywords and operators. RESULTS Accordingly, the comparison performed in this review between previous studies showed a high degree of experimental heterogeneity. Among the studies reviewed here, only a few of them establish comprehensively a potential correlation between the effect of the ingredient on hunger or satiety, body changes and a physiological response. CONCLUSIONS More systematic clinical studies are required in future research. The first approach should be to decode the pattern of circulating hormones regulating hunger, satiety, and appetite in overweight/obese subjects. Thereafter, studies should correlate brain connectivity at the level of the hypothalamus, gut and adipose tissue with the hormone patterns modulating appetite and satiety. Extracts whose mode of action have been well characterized and that are safe, can be used clinically to perform a moderate, but continuous, caloric restriction in overweight patients to lose weight excess into a controlled protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boix-Castejón
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - E Roche
- Institute of Bioengineering, Applied Biology Department-Nutrition, University Miguel-Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Olivares-Vicente
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - F J Álvarez-Martínez
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - M Herranz-López
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - V Micol
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Kang YG, Lee T, Ro J, Oh S, Kwak JH, Kim AR. Combination of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC03 and Garcinia cambogia Has a Significant Anti-Obesity Effect in Diet-Induced Obesity Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081859. [PMID: 37111078 PMCID: PMC10142012 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health problem which is associated with various diseases and psychological conditions. Increasing understanding of the relationship between obesity and gut microbiota has led to a worldwide effort to use microbiota as a treatment for obesity. However, several clinical trials have shown that obesity treatment with single strains of probiotics did not achieve as significant results as in animal studies. To overcome this limitation, we attempted to find a new combination that goes beyond the effects of probiotics alone by combining probiotics and a natural substance that has a stronger anti-obesity effect. In this study, we used a diet-induced obesity mouse (DIO) model to investigate the effects of combining Lactobacillus plantarum HAC03 with Garcinia cambogia extract, as compared to the effects of each substance alone. Combining L. plantarum HAC03 and G. cambogia, treatment showed a more than two-fold reduction in weight gain compared to each substance administered alone. Even though the total amount administered was kept the same as for other single experiments, the combination treatment significantly reduced biochemical markers of obesity and adipocyte size, in comparison to the treatment with either substance alone. The treatment with a combination of two substances also significantly decreased the gene expression of fatty acid synthesis (FAS, ACC, PPARγ and SREBP1c) in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the fecal microbiota suggested that the combination of L. plantarum HAC03 and G. cambogia extract treatment changed the diversity of gut microbiota and altered specific bacterial taxa at the genus level (the Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group and Lachnospiraceae UCG group) and specific functions (NAD salvage pathway I and starch degradation V). Our results support that the idea that the combination of L. plantarum HAC03 and G. cambogia extract has a synergistic anti-obesity effect by restoring the composition of the gut microbiota. This combination also increases the abundance of bacteria responsible for energy metabolism, as well as the production of SCFAs and BCAAs. Furthermore, no significant adverse effects were observed during the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Goo Kang
- School of Creative Convergence Education, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Lee
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Ro
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Oh
- HDSbio Inc., Pohang 37668, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwan Kwak
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- HDSbio Inc., Pohang 37668, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- Sunlin University, Pohang 37560, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ram Kim
- School of Creative Convergence Education, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- HDSbio Inc., Pohang 37668, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
- School of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeong-Buk, Republic of Korea
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Chen JL, Feng ZL, Zhou F, Lou RH, Peng C, Ye Y, Lin LG. 14-Deoxygarcinol improves insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice via mitigating NF-κB/Sirtuin 2-NLRP3-mediated adipose tissue remodeling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:434-445. [PMID: 35945312 PMCID: PMC9889782 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1β is a culprit of adipose tissue inflammation, which in turn causes systematic inflammation and insulin resistance in obese individuals. IL-1β is mainly produced in monocytes and macrophages and marginally in adipocytes, through cleavage of the inactive pro-IL-1β precursor by caspase-1, which is activated via the NLRP3 inflammasome complex. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factor is the master regulator of inflammatory responses. Brindle berry (Garcinia cambogia) has been widely used as health products for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders, but its active principles remain unclear. We previously found a series of polyisoprenylated benzophenones from brindle berry with anti-inflammatory activities. In this study we investigated whether 14-deoxygarcinol (DOG), a major polyisoprenylated benzophenone from brindle berry, alleviated adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet fed mice. The mice were administered DOG (2.5, 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1, i.p.) for 4 weeks. We showed that DOG injection dose-dependently improved insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, but not adiposity in high-fat diet-fed mice. We found that DOG injection significantly alleviated adipose tissue inflammation via preventing macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages, and adipose tissue fibrosis via reducing the abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix. In LPS plus nigericin-stimulated THP-1 macrophages, DOG (1.25, 2.5, 5 μM) dose-dependently suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling pathway. We demonstrated that DOG bound to and activated the deacetylase Sirtuin 2, which in turn deacetylated and inactivated NLRP3 inflammasome to reduce IL-1β secretion. Moreover, DOG (1.25, 2.5, 5 μM) dose-dependently mitigated inflammatory responses in macrophage conditioned media-treated adipocytes and suppressed macrophage migration toward adipocytes. Taken together, DOG might be a drug candidate to treat metabolic disorders through modulation of adipose tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhe-Ling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ruo-Han Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Akhtar MJ, Khan SA, Kumar B, Chawla P, Bhatia R, Singh K. Role of sodium dependent SLC13 transporter inhibitors in various metabolic disorders. Mol Cell Biochem 2022:10.1007/s11010-022-04618-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04618-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Shahid M, Fazry S, Azfaralariff A, Najm AAK, Law D, Mackeen MM. Bioactive compound identification and in vitro evaluation of antidiabetic and cytotoxic potential of Garcinia atroviridis fruit extract. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Shahid M, Law D, Azfaralariff A, Mackeen MM, Chong TF, Fazry S. Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Garcinia atroviridis: A Critical Review. TOXICS 2022; 10:656. [PMID: 36355947 PMCID: PMC9692539 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Garcinia atriviridis Griff ex T. Anders (G. atroviridis) is one of the well-known species of the genus Garicinia that is native to Thailand, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, and India. G. atroviridis is a perennial medium-sized tree that has a wide range of values, from food to medicinal use. Different parts of G. atroviridis are a great source of bioactive substances that have a positive impact on health. The extracts or bioactive constituents from G. atroviridis have demonstrated various therapeutic functions, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and anti-diabetic. In this paper, we provide a critical review of G. atroviridis and its bioactive constituents in the prevention and treatment of different diseases, which will provide new insight to explore its putative domains of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Douglas Law
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azfaralariff
- Green Biopolymer, Coating and Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
| | - Mukram M. Mackeen
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Teek Foh Chong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Shazrul Fazry
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
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Desai S, Sharma P, Kashyap P, Choudhary B, Kaur J. Bioactive compounds, bio‐functional properties, and food applications of
Garcinia indica
: A review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14344. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Desai
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara India
| | - Poorva Sharma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara India
| | - Piyush Kashyap
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara India
| | | | - Jasleen Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Phagwara India
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16
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Arefhosseini S, Tutunchi H, Nomi-Golzar S, Mahboob S, Pouretedal Z, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of hydroxy citric acid supplementation with calorie-restricted diet on metabolic, atherogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:5124-5134. [PMID: 35416190 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03685h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of hydroxy citric acid (HCA) extracts from Garcinia cambogia on metabolic, atherogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in obese women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present clinical trial was carried out on 40 overweight/obese women with NAFLD. The patients were randomly allocated into either the "HCA group" (receiving calorie-restricted diet (-700 kcal d-1) accompanied by HCA tablets) and the "control group" (receiving only calorie-restricted diet) for eight weeks. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, liver enzymes, as well as inflammatory biomarkers were determined at baseline and after the intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial and food intake data were analyzed by the Nutritionist IV software. Results showed a decrease in energy and macronutrient intake in both groups (p < 0.05). Weight, BMI, WC, and hip circumference as well as FBS, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly in the HCA group (p < 0.05). There were also significant reductions in WC, FBS, TG, total cholesterol, LDL-C in the control group while inter-group changes in FBS, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were statistically significant. Although atherogenic indices reduced significantly in both groups, inter-group comparison revealed that the HCA group showed greater decrease in the TG/HDL-C ratio than the control group (p = 0.004). Other atherogenic indices including TC/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio showed greater reduction in the control versus HCA group (p < 0.01). Some inflammatory factors were reduced in the HCA group; however, no significant within- or between-group differences were revealed post-intervention. Our results indicated that HCA supplementation plus calorie-restricted diet could improve some metabolic factors without any significant effect on inflammation in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nomi-Golzar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soltanali Mahboob
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohre Pouretedal
- Standard Research Institute, Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Microbiology and Biology Group, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Rani AJ, Thomas A, Arshad M, Joseph A. The influence of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Garcinia cambogia fruit rind in the management of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid: Theoretical and electroanalytical studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Son YJ, Jung DS, Shin JM, Erdenebileg S, Nho CW. Heracleum dissectum Ledeb. ethanol extract attenuates metabolic syndrome symptoms in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by activating adiponectin/AMPK signaling. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Ligorio F, Pellegrini I, Castagnoli L, Vingiani A, Lobefaro R, Zattarin E, Santamaria M, Pupa SM, Pruneri G, de Braud F, Vernieri C. Targeting lipid metabolism is an emerging strategy to enhance the efficacy of anti-HER2 therapies in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 511:77-87. [PMID: 33961924 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
De novo or acquired resistance of cancer cells to currently available Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) inhibitors represents a clinical challenge. Several resistance mechanisms have been identified in recent years, with lipid metabolism reprogramming, a well-established hallmark of cancer, representing the last frontier of preclinical and clinical research in this field. Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), the key enzyme required for fatty acids (FAs) biosynthesis, is frequently overexpressed/activated in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC), and it crucially sustains HER2+ BC cell growth, proliferation and survival. After the synthesis of new, selective and well tolerated FASN inhibitors, clinical trials have been initiated to test if these compounds are able to re-sensitize cancer cells with acquired resistance to HER2 inhibition. More recently, the upregulation of FA uptake by cancer cells has emerged as a potentially new and targetable mechanism of resistance to anti-HER2 therapies in HER2+ BC, thus opening a new era in the field of targeting metabolic reprogramming in clinical setting. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the inhibition of FA biosynthesis and uptake in combination with anti-HER2 therapies in patients with HER2+ BC, and we discuss ongoing clinical trials that are investigating these combination approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ligorio
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pellegrini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Castagnoli
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Vingiani
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Lobefaro
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Santamaria
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, Italy
| | - Serenella M Pupa
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Vernieri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy; IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, Italy.
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Maia-Landim A, Lancho C, Poblador MS, Lancho JL, Ramírez JM. Garcinia cambogia and Glucomannan reduce weight, change body composition and ameliorate lipid and glucose blood profiles in overweight/obese patients. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Andueza N, Giner RM, Portillo MP. Risks Associated with the Use of Garcinia as a Nutritional Complement to Lose Weight. Nutrients 2021; 13:450. [PMID: 33572973 PMCID: PMC7911601 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, obesity is one of the great nutritional problems facing public health. The prevalence of this pathology has increased in a worrying way over recent years, currently reaching epidemic proportions. In this context, nutritional supplements are presented as a therapeutic alternative to which more and more people are turning to. Nutritional supplements to lose weight based on the Garcinia plant, specifically on Garcinia cambogia, are commonly used. The active principle of this plant to which these properties have been attributed, is hydroxycitric acid (HCA). The aim of the present review is to gather reported data concerning the effectiveness of nutritional supplements based on Garcinia extracts on weight loss and their possible negative effects. Contradictory results have been observed regarding the effectiveness of the supplements. While statistically significant weight loss was observed in some studies, no changes were found in others. Regarding safety, although Garcinia supplements have been revealed as safe in the vast majority of the studies carried out in animal models and humans, some cases of hepatotoxicity, serotonin toxicity and mania have been reported. In conclusion, the results suggest that Garcinia-based supplements could be effective in short-term weight loss, although the data are not conclusive. In addition, the safety of the complement should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Andueza
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain;
| | - Rosa M. Giner
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
- Spanish Agency of Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN), 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain;
- Spanish Agency of Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN), 28014 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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Izquierdo-Vega JA, Arteaga-Badillo DA, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Morales-González JA, Vargas-Mendoza N, Gómez-Aldapa CA, Castro-Rosas J, Delgado-Olivares L, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Madrigal-Santillán E. Organic Acids from Roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)-A Brief Review of Its Pharmacological Effects. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E100. [PMID: 32354172 PMCID: PMC7277581 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), also known as jamaica in Spanish, is a perennial plant that grows in tropical and subtropical regions, including China, Egypt, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia. It has a long history of uses, mainly focused on culinary, botanical, floral, cosmetic, and medicinal uses. The latter being of great impact due to the diuretic, choleretic, analgesic, antitussive, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects. These therapeutic properties have been attributed to the bioactive compounds of the plant, mainly phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and organic acids (citric, hydroxycitric, hibiscus, tartaric, malic, and ascorbic). Most literature reviews and meta-analyses on the therapeutic potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hs) compounds have not adequately addressed the contributions of its organic acids present in the Hs extracts. This review compiles information from published research (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) on demonstrated pharmacological properties of organic acids found in Hs. The intent is to encourage and aid researchers to expand their studies on the pharmacologic and therapeutic effects of Hs to include assessments of the organic acid components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannett A. Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla 42080, Mexico
| | - Diego A. Arteaga-Badillo
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla 42080, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla 42080, Mexico
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Gómez-Aldapa
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto 42184, Mexico
| | - Javier Castro-Rosas
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto 42184, Mexico
| | - Luis Delgado-Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla 42080, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
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