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Shetty A, Sunil D, Rujiralai T, P Maradur S, N Alodhayb A, Hegde G. Sustainable carbonaceous nanomaterial supported palladium as an efficient ligand-free heterogeneouscatalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2516-2526. [PMID: 38694465 PMCID: PMC11059483 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
A novel ligand-free heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized via pyrolysis of Samanea saman pods to produce carbon nanospheres (SS-CNSs), which served as a carbon support for immobilizing palladium nanoparticles through an in situ reduction technique (Pd/SS-CNS). The SS-CNSs effectively integrated 3% of Pd on their surfaces with no additional activation procedures needed. The nanomaterials obtained underwent thorough characterization employing various techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, ICP-AES, and BET. Subsequently, the efficiency of this Pd/SS-CNS catalyst was assessed for the synthesis of biaryl derivatives via Suzuki coupling, wherein different boronic acids were coupled with various aryl halides using an environmentally benign solvent mixture of EtOH/H2O and employing only 0.1 mol% of Pd/SS-CNS. The catalytic system was conveniently recovered through centrifugation and demonstrated reusability without any noticeable decline in catalytic activity. This approach offers economic viability, ecological compatibility, scalability, and has the potential to serve as an alternative to homogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Shetty
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University) Hosur Road Bangalore 560029 India
- Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University) Hosur Road Bangalore 560029 India
| | - Dhanya Sunil
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Thitima Rujiralai
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
| | - Sanjeev P Maradur
- Materials Science & Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research (PPISR) Bidalur Post, Devanahalli Bengaluru 562164 Karnataka India
| | - Abdullah N Alodhayb
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Gurumurthy Hegde
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University) Hosur Road Bangalore 560029 India
- Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University) Hosur Road Bangalore 560029 India
- Materials Science & Catalysis Division, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research (PPISR) Bidalur Post, Devanahalli Bengaluru 562164 Karnataka India
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Arora A, Oswal P, Kumar Rao G, Kumar S, Kumar A. Organoselenium ligands for heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems: development and applications. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8628-8656. [PMID: 33954317 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Organoselenium ligands have attracted great attention among researchers during the past two decades. Various homogeneous, heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems have been designed using such ligands. Although reports on selenium ligated homogeneous catalysts are quite high in number, significant work has also been done on the development of heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems using organoselenium ligands. A review article, focusing on the utility of organoselenium compounds in the development of catalytic systems, was published in 2012 (A. Kumar, G. K. Rao, F. Saleem and A. K. Singh, Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 11949). Moreover, it mainly covered the homogeneous catalysts. There are no review articles in the literature on heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems designed using organoselenium compounds and their applications. Hence, this perspective aims to cover the developments pertaining to the synthetic aspects of such catalytic systems (using organoselenium compounds) and their applications in catalysis of a variety of chemical transformations. Salient features and advantages of organoselenium compounds have also been highlighted to justify the rationale behind their use in catalyst development. Their performance in various chemical transformations [viz. Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, Heck coupling, Sonogashira coupling, O-arylation of phenol, transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones, aldehyde-alkyne-amine (A3) coupling, hydration of nitriles, conversion of aldehydes to amides, cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), photodegradation of substrates (formic acid, methylene blue), reduction of nitrophenols, electrolysis (hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions), organocatalysis and dye sensitized solar cells] and relevant aspects of catalytic processes (such as recyclability, substrate scope and green aspects) have been critically analyzed. Future perspectives have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Arora
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248012, India.
| | - Preeti Oswal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248012, India.
| | - Gyandshwar Kumar Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana (AUH), Gurgaon, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248012, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248012, India.
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Lin H, Gao X, Yao H, Luo Q, Xiang B, Liu C, Ouyang Y, Zhou N, Xiang D. Immobilization of a Pd(ii)-containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligand on porous organic polymers: efficient and recyclable catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00021g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two NHC–Pd(ii) complexes immobilized on porous organic polymers were successfully prepared via Scholl reactions and metallization. These complexes were applied in Suzuki–Miyaura reaction as heterogeneous catalysts with excellent yield and TON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Lin
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Xiyue Gao
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Huan Yao
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Qionglin Luo
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Bailin Xiang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Cijie Liu
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Yuejun Ouyang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Nonglin Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
| | - Dexuan Xiang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province
- College of chemical and materials engineering
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418000
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Esteban N, Ferrer ML, Ania CO, de la Campa JG, Lozano ÁE, Álvarez C, Miguel JA. Porous Organic Polymers Containing Active Metal Centers for Suzuki-Miyaura Heterocoupling Reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56974-56986. [PMID: 33305572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of confined palladium(II) catalysts covalently attached inside of porous organic polymers (POPs) has been attained. The synthetic approach employed was straightforward, and there was no prerequisite for making any modification of the precursor polymer. First, POP-based catalytic supports were obtained by reacting one symmetric trifunctional aromatic monomer (1,3,5-triphenylbenzene) with two ketones having electron-withdrawing groups (4,5-diazafluoren-9-one, DAFO, and isatin) in superacidic media. The homopolymers and copolymers were made using stoichiometric ratios between the functional groups, and they were obtained with quantitative yields after the optimization of reaction conditions. Moreover, the number of chelating groups (bipyridine moieties) available to bind Pd(II) ions to the catalyst supports was modified using different DAFO/isatin ratios. The resulting amorphous polymers and copolymers showed high thermal stability, above 500 °C, and moderate-high specific surface areas (from 760 to 935 m2 g-1), with high microporosity contribution (from 64 to 77%). Next, POP-supported Pd(II) catalysts were obtained by simple immersion of the catalyst supports in a palladium(II) acetate solution, observing that the metal content was similar to that theoretically expected according to the amount of bipyridine groups present. The catalytic activity of these heterogeneous catalysts was explored for the synthesis of biphenyl and terphenyl compounds, via the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using a green solvent (ethanol/water), low palladium loads, and aerobic conditions. The findings showed excellent catalytic activity with quantitative product yields. Additionally, the recyclability of the catalysts, by simply washing it with ethanol, was excellent, with a sp2-sp2 coupling yield higher than 95% after five cycles of use. Finally, the feasibility of these catalysts to be employed in tangible organic reactions was assessed. Thus, the synthesis of a bulky compound, 4,4'-dimethoxy-5'-tert-butyl-m-terphenylene, which is a precursor of a thermal rearrangement monomer, was scaled-up to 2 g, with high conversion and 96% yield of the pure product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Esteban
- IU CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 5, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María L Ferrer
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Conchi O Ania
- CEMHTI CNRS (UPR 3079), University of Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - José G de la Campa
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel E Lozano
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
- SMAP, UA-UVA_CSIC, Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Cristina Álvarez
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
- SMAP, UA-UVA_CSIC, Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús A Miguel
- IU CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 5, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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