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Li D, Yang C, Li P, Yu L, Zhao S, Li L, Kang H, Yang F, Fang Q. Synthesis and Properties of the Novel High-Performance Hydroxyl-Terminated Liquid Fluoroelastomer. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112574. [PMID: 37299372 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional liquid fluoroelastomers are in high demand in new energy fields. And these materials have potential applications in high-performance sealing materials and as electrode materials. In this study, a novel high-performance hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (t-HTLF) with a high fluorine content, temperature resistance, and curing efficiency was synthesised from a terpolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VDF), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), and hexafluoropylene (HFP). A carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (t-CTLF) with controllable molar mass and end-group content was first prepared from a poly(VDF-ter-TFE-ter-HFP) terpolymer using a unique oxidative degradation method. Subsequently, an efficient "one-step" reduction of the carboxyl groups (COOH) in t-CTLF into hydroxyl groups (OH) was achieved via the functional-group conversion method using lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) as the reductant. Thus, t-HTLF with a controllable molar mass and end-group content and highly active end groups was synthesised. Owing to the efficient curing reaction between OH and isocyanate groups (NCO), the cured t-HTLF exhibits good surface properties, thermal properties, and chemical stability. The thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of the cured t-HTLF reaches 334 °C, and it exhibits hydrophobicity. The oxidative degradation, reduction, and curing reaction mechanisms were also determined. The effects of solvent dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, and ratio of the reductant to the COOH content on the carboxyl conversion were also systematically investigated. An efficient reduction system comprising LiAlH4 can not only achieve an efficient conversion of the COOH groups in t-CTLF to OH groups but also the in situ hydrogenation and addition reactions of residual double bonds (C=C) groups in the chain, such that the thermal stability and terminal activity of the product are improved while maintaining a high fluorine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Shufa Zhao
- Shenyang Guide Rubber Products Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110141, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Hailan Kang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Qinghong Fang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Li J, Peng X, Wang S, Jin H. Improving Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Fluororubber by Constructing Interconnected Carbon Nanotube Networks with Chemical Bonds and F-H Polar Interactions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224989. [PMID: 36433116 PMCID: PMC9694656 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the properties of fluororubber (FKM), aminated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-NH2) and acidified carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) were introduced to modulate the interfacial interactions in FKM composites. The effects of chemical binding and F-H polar interactions between CNTs-NH2, CNTs-COOH, and FKM on the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and wear properties of the FKM composites were systematically investigated. Compared to the pristine FKM, the tensile strength, modulus at 100% strain, hardness, thermal conductivity, carbon residue rate, and electrical conductivity of CNTs-NH2/CNTs-COOH/FKM were increased by 112.2%, 587.5%, 44.2%, 37.0%, 293.5%, and nine orders of magnitude, respectively. In addition, the wear volume of CNTs-NH2/CNTs-COOH/FKM was reduced by 29.9%. This method provides a new and effective way to develop and design high-performance fluororubber composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurou Chen
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yadong Wu
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou 325024, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Jun Li
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou 325024, China
| | - Xuqiang Peng
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huile Jin
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou 325024, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.J.)
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Duan J, Yang C, Kang H, Li L, Yang F, Fang Q, Han W, Li D. Structure, preparation and properties of liquid fluoroelastomers with different end groups. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3108-3118. [PMID: 35425283 PMCID: PMC8979282 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07810k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to design and prepare liquid fluoroelastomers with different end groups, and reveal the relationship between the molecular chain structure and properties, we studied on the oxidation degradation method and functional group conversion method to prepare carboxyl-terminated and hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomers, respectively. The reaction mechanisms were also deduced. Furthermore, the curing system was created for liquid fluoroelastomers, and systematically analyzed their properties. The sequence type and content of the -C[double bond, length as m-dash]C- and oxygen-containing groups in the samples were measured and characterized by attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), 19F-NMR spectroscopy and chemical titration, the molecular weights of liquid fluoroelastomers were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to examine the thermal properties, while a viscometer was used to measure the dynamic viscosity of the liquid fluoroelastomers. Then the mechanical and surface properties of the cured samples were examined by universal testing machine and contact angle measurement instrument, respectively. The results show that carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer with 2.71 wt% carboxyl terminal groups can be prepared by oxidation degradation method. When lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) was used as the reducing agent, it can efficiently convert carboxyl group to hydroxyl group with a conversion rate of more than 95%. In addition, it can be seen that the dynamic viscosity of the liquid fluoroelastomers were all decreased with the increase of temperature, and it is similar to about 10 Pa s at 70 °C. Compared with carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomers, hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomers has higher curing reactivity, higher glass transition temperature (T g) and thermal decomposition temperature (T d), and better mechanical properties of cured samples. The two types of liquid fluoroelastomers with distinct end groups presented distinct hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Duan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Hailan Kang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Long Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Qinghong Fang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Wenchi Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
| | - Donghan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 Liaoning China
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