1
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Nilsson JM, Balgoma D, Pettersson C, Lennernäs H, Heindryckx F, Hedeland M. Ammonium bicarbonate buffers combined with hybrid surface technology columns improve the peak shape of strongly tailing lipids. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1316:342811. [PMID: 38969401 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids such as phosphatidic acids (PAs) and cardiolipins (CLs) present strongly tailing peaks in reversed phase liquid chromatography, which entails low detectability. They are usually analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), which hampers high-throughput lipidomics. Thus, there is a great need for improved analytical methods in order to obtain a broader coverage of the lipidome in a single chromatographic method. We investigated the effect of ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) on peak asymmetry and detectability, in comparison with ammonium formate (AFO) on both a conventional BEH C18 column and an HST-CSH C18 column. RESULTS The combination of 2.5 mM ABC buffer pH 8 with an HST-CSH C18 column produced significantly improved results, reducing the asymmetry factor at 10 % peak height of PA 16:0/18:1 from 8.4 to 1.6. Furthermore, on average, there was up to a 54-fold enhancement in the peak height of its [M - H]- ion compared to AFO and the BEH C18 column. We confirmed this beneficial effect on other strongly tailing lipids, with accessible phosphate moieties e.g., cardiolipins, phosphatidylinositol phosphate, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, phosphorylated ceramide and phosphorylated sphingosine. Furthermore, we found an increased detectability of phospho- and sphingolipids up to 28 times in negative mode when using an HST-CSH C18 column. The method was successfully applied to mouse liver samples, where previously undetected endogenous phospholipids could be analyzed with improved chromatographic separation. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, the use of 2.5 mM ABC substantially improved the peak shape of PAs and enhanced the detectability of the lipidome in negative mode on an RPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS system on both BEH C18 and HST-CSH C18 columns. This method provides a wider coverage of the lipidome with one single injection for future lipidomic applications in negative mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny M Nilsson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Balgoma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Curt Pettersson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Lennernäs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Femke Heindryckx
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hedeland
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
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2
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Xu S, Zhu Z, Delafield DG, Rigby MJ, Lu G, Braun M, Puglielli L, Li L. Spatially and temporally probing distinctive glycerophospholipid alterations in Alzheimer's disease mouse brain via high-resolution ion mobility-enabled sn-position resolved lipidomics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6252. [PMID: 39048572 PMCID: PMC11269705 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism in the brain is associated with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Routine liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based large-scale lipidomic methods often fail to elucidate subtle yet important structural features such as sn-position, hindering the precise interrogation of GP molecules. Leveraging high-resolution demultiplexing (HRdm) ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), we develop a four-dimensional (4D) lipidomic strategy to resolve GP sn-position isomers. We further construct a comprehensive experimental 4D GP database of 498 GPs identified from the mouse brain and an in-depth extended 4D library of 2500 GPs predicted by machine learning, enabling automated profiling of GPs with detailed acyl chain sn-position assignment. Analyzing three mouse brain regions (hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex), we successfully identify a total of 592 GPs including 130 pairs of sn-position isomers. Further temporal GPs analysis in the three functional brain regions illustrates their metabolic alterations in AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Xu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Zhijun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Daniel G Delafield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Michael J Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Gaoyuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Megan Braun
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Lachman Institute for Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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3
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Mostafa ME, Agongo J, Grady SF, Pyles K, McCommis KS, Arnatt CK, Ford DA, Edwards JL. Double Cyclization Tandem Mass for Identification and Quantification of Phosphatidylcholines Using Isobaric Six-Plex Capillary nLC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:1403-1412. [PMID: 38870035 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Multiplexing of phosphatidylcholine analysis is hindered by a lack of appropriate derivatization. Presented here is a tagging scheme that uses a quaternary amine tag and targets the hydroxy group of the phosphate, which switches the net charge from neutral to +2. Quantitative yields were achieved from >99% reaction completion derived by dimethoxymethyl morpholinium (DMTMM) activation. Fragmentation of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) releases two trimethylamines and the acyl chains through neutral loss and generates a unique double cyclization constant mass reporter. Selective incorporation of isotopes onto the tag produces a six-plex set of isobaric reagents. For equivalent six-plex-labeled samples, <14% RSD was achieved, followed by a dynamic range of 1:10 without signal compression. Quantification of PCs/LPCs in human hepatic cancer cells was conducted as six-plex using data-dependent analysis tandem MS. We report a six-plex qualitative and quantitative isobaric tagging strategy expanding the limits of analyzing PCs/LPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elhusseiny Mostafa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Julius Agongo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Scott F Grady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Kelly Pyles
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - Kyle S McCommis
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - Christopher K Arnatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - David A Ford
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - James L Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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4
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Li Y, Wang Y, Guo K, Tseng KF, Zhang X, Sun W. Aza-Prilezhaev Aziridination-Enabled Multidimensional Analysis of Isomeric Lipids via High-Resolution U-Shaped Mobility Analyzer-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7111-7119. [PMID: 38648270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Unsaturated lipids constitute a significant portion of the lipidome, serving as players of multifaceted functions involving cellular signaling, membrane structure, and bioenergetics. While derivatization-assisted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) remains the gold standard technique in lipidome, it mainly faces challenges in efficiently labeling the carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) and differentiating isomeric lipids in full dimension. This presents a need for new orthogonal methodologies. Herein, a metal- and additive-free aza-Prilezhaev aziridination (APA)-enabled ion mobility mass spectrometric method is developed for probing multiple levels of unsaturated lipid isomerization with high sensitivity. Both unsaturated polar and nonpolar lipids can be efficiently labeled in the form of N-H aziridine without significant side reactions. The signal intensity can be increased by up to 3 orders of magnitude, achieving the nM detection limit. Abundant site-specific fragmentation ions indicate C═C location and sn-position in MS/MS spectra. Better yet, a stable monoaziridination product is dominant, simplifying the spectrum for lipids with multiple double bonds. Coupled with a U-shaped mobility analyzer, identification of geometric isomers and separation of different lipid classes can be achieved. Additionally, a unique pseudo MS3 mode with UMA-QTOF MS boosts the sensitivity for generating diagnostic fragments. Overall, the current method provides a comprehensive solution for deep-profiling lipidomics, which is valuable for lipid marker discovery in disease monitoring and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Kang Guo
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Kuo-Feng Tseng
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Wenjian Sun
- Shimadzu Research Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
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5
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Gao Y, Zhang M, Feng H, Huang K, Xia B, Pan Y. Pulsed Direct Current Arc-Induced Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6106-6111. [PMID: 38594830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the innovative field of pulsed direct current arc-induced nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DCAI-nano-ESI-MS), which utilizes a low-temperature direct current (DC) arc to induce ESI during MS analyses. By employing a 15 kV output voltage, the DCAI-nano-ESI source effectively identifies various biological molecules, including angiotensin II, bradykinin, cytochrome C, and soybean lecithin, showcasing impressive analyte signals and facilitating multicharge MS in positive- and negative-ion modes. Notably, results show that the oxidation of fatty acids using a DC arc produces [M + O - H]- ions, which aid in identifying the location of C═C bonds in unsaturated fatty acids and distinguishing between isomers based on diagnostic ions observed during collision-induced dissociation tandem MS. This study presents an approach for identifying the sn-1 and sn-2 positions in phosphatidylcholine using phosphatidylcholine and nitrate adduct ions, accurately determining phosphatidylcholine molecular configurations via the Paternò-Büchi reaction. With all the advantages above, DCAI-nano-ESI holds significant promise for future analytical and bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Hongru Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kaineng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, P. R. China
| | - Bing Xia
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
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6
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Yang T, Tang S, Feng J, Yan X. Lipid Isobaric Mass Tagging for Enhanced Relative Quantification of Unsaturated sn-Positional Isomers. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:213-222. [PMID: 38645577 PMCID: PMC11027206 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Changes in the levels of lipid sn-positional isomers are associated with perturbation of the physiological environment within the biological system. Consequently, knowing the concentrations of these lipids holds significant importance for unraveling their involvement in disease diagnosis and pathological mechanisms. However, existing methods for lipid quantification often fall short in accuracy due to the structural diversity and isomeric forms of lipids. To address this challenge, we have developed an aziridine-based isobaric tag labeling strategy that allows (i) differentiation and (ii) enhanced relative quantification of lipid sn-positional isomers from distinct samples in a single run. The methodology enabled by aziridination, isobaric tag labeling, and lithiation has been applied to various phospholipids, enabling the determination of the sn-positions of fatty acyl chains and enhanced relative quantification. The analysis of Escherichia coli lipid extracts demonstrated the enhanced determination of the concentration ratios of lipid isomers by measuring the intensity ratios of mass reporters released from sn-positional diagnostic ions. Moreover, we applied the method to the analysis of human colon cancer plasma. Intriguingly, 17 PC lipid sn-positional isomers were identified and quantified simultaneously, and among them, 7 showed significant abundance changes in the colon cancer plasma, which can be used as potential plasma markers for diagnosis of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Shuli Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jiaxin Feng
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xin Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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7
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Guo X, Cao W, Fan X, Chen Q, Wu L, Ma X, Ouyang Z, Zhang W. MS 3 Imaging Enables the Simultaneous Analysis of Phospholipid C═C and sn-Position Isomers in Tissues. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4259-4265. [PMID: 38418962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) imaging of lipids in tissues with high structure specificity is challenging in the effective fragmentation of position-selective structures and the sensitive detection of multiple lipid isomers. Herein, we develop an MS3 imaging method for the simultaneous analysis of phospholipid C═C and sn-position isomers by on-tissue photochemical derivatization, nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI), and a dual-linear ion trap MS system. A novel laser-based sensing probe is developed for the real-time adjustment of the probe-to-surface distance for nano-DESI. This method is validated in mouse brain and kidney sections, showing its capability of sensitive resolving and imaging of the fatty acyl chain composition, the sn-position, and the C═C location of phospholipids in an MS3 scan. MS3 imaging of phospholipids has shown the capability of differentiation of cancerous, fibrosis, and adjacent normal regions in liver cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Guo
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenbo Cao
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaomin Fan
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Clinical Pharmacy, Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Lun Wu
- Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442008, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- Department of Precision Instrument, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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8
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Michael JA, Young RSE, Balez R, Jekimovs LJ, Marshall DL, Poad BLJ, Mitchell TW, Blanksby SJ, Ejsing CS, Ellis SR. Deep Characterisation of the sn-Isomer Lipidome Using High-Throughput Data-Independent Acquisition and Ozone-Induced Dissociation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316793. [PMID: 38165069 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In recent years there has been a significant interest in the development of innovative lipidomics techniques capable of resolving lipid isomers. To date, methods applied to resolving sn-isomers have resolved only a limited number of species. We report a workflow based on ozone-induced dissociation for untargeted characterisation of hundreds of sn-resolved glycerophospholipid isomers from biological extracts in under 20 min, coupled with an automated data analysis pipeline. It provides an order of magnitude increase in the number of sn-isomer pairs identified as compared to previous reports and reveals that sn-isomer populations are tightly regulated and significantly different between cell lines. The sensitivity of this method and potential for de novo molecular discovery is further demonstrated by the identification of unexpected lipids containing ultra-long monounsaturated acyl chains at the sn-1 position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse A Michael
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Reuben S E Young
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachelle Balez
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lachlan J Jekimovs
- School of Chemistry and Physics and the Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - David L Marshall
- School of Chemistry and Physics and the Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Berwyck L J Poad
- School of Chemistry and Physics and the Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Todd W Mitchell
- Molecular Horizons and School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- School of Chemistry and Physics and the Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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9
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Li H, Xiong Q, Wu H, Zhang Y, Zhuang K, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Yi L. Mass filtering combined with photochemical derivatization enables high throughput mass spectrometric analysis of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine isomers. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:371-377. [PMID: 37965845 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01829f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) are closely related to coronary heart disease, such as myocardial infarction. The analysis of the deep structure of PCs is of great significance for exploring the effects of exercise rehabilitation and lipid metabolism. Here, we present a mass filtering combined with photochemical derivatization method for rapid screening and accurate identification of the CC position and sn-location isomer of PCs. This method is simple to execute and easily implementable for routine analysis. The accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of PCs and isomers facilitates the discovery of biomarkers for exercise rehabilitation of patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Qian Xiong
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.
| | - Yunmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.
| | - Ke Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.
- College of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.
- College of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lunzhao Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
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10
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Chen C, Shi Z, Fan X, Du L, Zhou C, Pan D. Combined application of high-throughput sequencing and LC-MS-based lipidomics in the evaluation of microorganisms and lipidomics of restructured ham of different salted substitution. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113596. [PMID: 37986459 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of processed meats through salt replacement using KCl and k-lactate may reduce the risk of chronic diseases through reduction in dietary sodium. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes and relationships between microbial and lipid metabolism during the fermentation of restructured duck ham with different salt substitutions. Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus were found to be the dominant bacterial species in the 30 % KCl + 70 % NaCl (w/w) and 25 % k-lactate + 75 % NaCl (w/w). The LefSe analysis showed that different biomarkers were present in different ham groups, and the PLS-DA showed that triglycerides (GL) and glycerophospholipids (GP) were the two classes with the highest abundance. Besides, the KEGG pathway analysis revealed that glycerophospholipid metabolism and triglyceride metabolism were also the main metabolic pathways. According to the correlation study, Staphylococcus, Halomonas, and Lactobacillus were mostly linked to the important metabolic pathways in restructured ham. Our findings serve as a foundation for quality assurance and product enhancement for low-salt restructured ham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Zihang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Xiankang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Lihui Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Changyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315832, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China.
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11
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Sengupta A, Edwards ME, Yan X. Dual Metal Electrolysis in Theta Capillary for Lipid Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 494:117137. [PMID: 38911479 PMCID: PMC11192522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2023.117137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasing studies associating glycerophospholipids with various pathological conditions highlight the need for their thorough characterization. However, the intricate composition of the lipidome due to the presence of lipid isomers poses significant challenges to structural lipidomics. This study uses the anodic corrosion of two metals in a single theta nESI emitter as a tool to simultaneously characterize lipids at multiple isomer levels. Anodic corrosion of cobalt and copper in the positive ion mode generates the metal-adducted lipid complexes, [M+Co]2+ and [M+Cu]+, respectively. Optimization of parameters such as the distances of the electrodes from the nESI tip allowed the achievement of the formation of one metal-adducted lipid product at a time. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of [M+Co]2+ results in preferential loss of the fatty acyl (FA) chain at the sn-2 position, thus generating singly charged sn-specific fragment ions. Whereas, multistage fragmentation of [M+Cu]+ via CID generated a C=C bond position-specific characteristic ion pattern induced by the π-Cu+ interaction. The feasibility of the method was tested on PC lipid extract from egg yolk to identify lipids on multiple isomer levels. Thus, the application of dual metal anodic corrosion allows lipid isomer identification with reduced sample preparation time, no signal suppression by counter anions, low sample consumption, and no need for an extra apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annesha Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Madison E. Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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12
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Sun R, Tang W, Li P, Li B. Development of an Efficient On-Tissue Epoxidation Reaction Mediated by Urea Hydrogen Peroxide for MALDI MS/MS Imaging of Lipid C═C Location Isomers. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16004-16012. [PMID: 37844132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Unsaturated lipids containing different numbers and locations of C═C bonds are significantly associated with a variety of cellular and metabolic functions. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) has been used to visualize the spatial distribution patterns of various lipids in biological tissues, in situ identification, discrimination, and visualization of lipid C═C location isomers remain challenging. Herein, an efficient and fast on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) approach was developed to pinpoint the locations of C═C bonds in complex lipids in situ via methyltrioxorhenium (MTO)-catalyzed epoxidation of C═C with a urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP)/hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) system. The efficiency of OTCD could reach 100% via one-step spray deposition of the solution mixture of MTO/UHP/HFIP at room temperature. The developed OTCD method provided rich structural information on lipid C═C location isomers, and their accurate spatial distribution patterns were resolved in mouse brain tissues. Tissue-specific distributions and changes of lipid C═C location isomers in the liver sections of obese ob/ob and diabetic db/db mice were further investigated, and their correlation in two animal models was revealed. The simplicity and high efficiency of the OTCD method developed for MALDI tandem MSI of lipid C═C location isomers possess great potential for functional spatial lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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13
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Wang D, Xiao H, Lv X, Chen H, Wei F. Mass Spectrometry Based on Chemical Derivatization Has Brought Novel Discoveries to Lipidomics: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-32. [PMID: 37782560 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2261130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, as one of the most important organic compounds in organisms, are important components of cells and participate in energy storage and signal transduction of living organisms. As a rapidly rising field, lipidomics research involves the identification and quantification of multiple classes of lipid molecules, as well as the structure, function, dynamics, and interactions of lipids in living organisms. Due to its inherent high selectivity and high sensitivity, mass spectrometry (MS) is the "gold standard" analysis technique for small molecules in biological samples. The combination chemical derivatization with MS detection is a unique strategy that could improve MS ionization efficiency, facilitate structure identification and quantitative analysis. Herein, this review discusses derivatization-based MS strategies for lipidomic analysis over the past decade and focuses on all the reported lipid categories, including fatty acids and modified fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterols and saccharolipids. The functional groups of lipids mainly involved in chemical derivatization include the C=C group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, amino group, carbonyl group. Furthermore, representative applications of these derivatization-based lipid profiling methods were summarized. Finally, challenges and countermeasures of lipid derivatization are mentioned and highlighted to guide future studies of derivatization-based MS strategy in lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaming Xiao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xin Lv
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fang Wei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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14
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Yeo J, Kang J, Kim H, Moon C. A Critical Overview of HPLC-MS-Based Lipidomics in Determining Triacylglycerol and Phospholipid in Foods. Foods 2023; 12:3177. [PMID: 37685110 PMCID: PMC10486615 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the current advancement in mass spectrometry (MS)-based lipidomics, the knowledge of lipidomes and their diverse roles has greatly increased, enabling a deeper understanding of the action of bioactive lipid molecules in plant- and animal-based foods. This review provides in-depth information on the practical use of MS techniques in lipidomics, including lipid extraction, adduct formation, MS analysis, data processing, statistical analysis, and bioinformatics. Moreover, this contribution demonstrates the effectiveness of MS-based lipidomics for identifying and quantifying diverse lipid species, especially triacylglycerols and phospholipids, in foods. Further, it summarizes the wide applications of MS-based lipidomics in food science, such as for assessing food processing methods, detecting food adulteration, and measuring lipid oxidation in foods. Thus, MS-based lipidomics may be a useful method for identifying the action of individual lipid species in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuDong Yeo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (H.K.); (C.M.)
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15
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Xia T, Zhou F, Zhang D, Jin X, Shi H, Yin H, Gong Y, Xia Y. Deep-profiling of phospholipidome via rapid orthogonal separations and isomer-resolved mass spectrometry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4263. [PMID: 37460558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A lipidome comprises thousands of lipid species, many of which are isomers and isobars. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), although widely used for lipidomic profiling, faces challenges in differentiating lipid isomers. Herein, we address this issue by leveraging the orthogonal separation capabilities of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS). We further integrate isomer-resolved MS/MS methods onto HILIC-TIMS, which enable pinpointing double bond locations in phospholipids and sn-positions in phosphatidylcholine. This system profiles phospholipids at multiple structural levels with short analysis time (<10 min per LC run), high sensitivity (nM detection limit), and wide coverage, while data analysis is streamlined using a home-developed software, LipidNovelist. Notably, compared to our previous report, the system doubles the coverage of phospholipids in bovine liver and reveals uncanonical desaturation pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Relative quantitation of the double bond location isomers of phospholipids and the sn-position isomers of phosphatidylcholine enables the phenotyping of human bladder cancer tissue relative to normal control, which would be otherwise indistinguishable by traditional profiling methods. Our research offers a comprehensive solution for lipidomic profiling and highlights the critical role of isomer analysis in studying lipid metabolism in both healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Bytedance Technology Co., 201103, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Department of Precision Instrument, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Hengxue Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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16
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Silzel J, Julian RR. RDD-HCD Provides Variable Fragmentation Routes Dictated by Radical Stability. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:452-458. [PMID: 36787650 PMCID: PMC9982999 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Radical-directed dissociation (RDD) is a fragmentation technique in which a radical created by selective 213/266 nm photodissociation of a carbon-iodine bond is reisolated and collisionally activated. In previous RDD experiments, collisional activation was effected by ion-trap collision-induced dissociation (CID). Higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) differs from CID both in terms of how ions are excited and in the number, type, or abundance of fragments that are observed. In this paper, we explore the use of HCD for activation in RDD experiments. While RDD-CID favors fragments produced from radical-directed pathways such as a/z-ions and side chain losses regardless of the activation energy employed, RDD-HCD spectra vary considerably as a function of activation energy, with lower energies favoring RDD while higher energies favor products resulting from cleavage directed by mobile protons (b/y-ions). RDD-HCD therefore affords more tunable fragmentation based on the HCD energy provided. Importantly, the abundance of radical products decreases as a function of increasing HCD energy, confirming that RDD generally proceeds via lower-energy barriers relative to mobile-proton-driven dissociation. The dominance of b/y-ions at higher energies for RDD-HCD can therefore be explained by the higher survivability of fragments not containing the radical after the initial or subsequent dissociation events. Furthermore, these results confirm previous suspicions that HCD spectra differ from CID spectra due to multiple dissociation events.
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17
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Zhao X, Liang J, Chen Z, Jian R, Qian Y, Wang Y, Guo Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Yin H, Xia Y. sn-1 Specificity of Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase-1 Revealed by a Mass Spectrometry-Based Assay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215556. [PMID: 36478519 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase-1 (LPCAT1) plays a critical role in the remodeling of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) in cellular lipidome. However, evidence is scarce regarding its sn-selectivity, viz. the preference of assembling acyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) at the C1 or C2-hydroxyl on a glycerol backbone because of difficulty to quantify the thus-formed PC sn-isomers. We have established a multiplexed assay to measure both sn- and acyl-chain selectivity of LPCAT1 toward a mixture of acyl-CoAs by integrating isomer-resolving tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings reveal that LPCAT1 shows exclusive sn-1 specificity regardless of the identity of acyl-CoAs. We further confirm that elevated PC 18 : 1/16:0 relative to its sn-isomer results from an increased expression of LPCAT1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue as compared to normal liver tissue. MS imaging via desorption electrospray ionization of PC 18 : 1/16:0 thus enables visualization of HCC margins in human liver tissue at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | | | - Ruijun Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Qian
- State key laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Zhiying Guo
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- State key laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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18
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Song Y, Song Q, Liu W, Li J, Tu P. High-confidence structural identification of metabolites relying on tandem mass spectrometry through isomeric identification: A tutorial. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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19
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Jiao B, Zhou W, Liu Y, Zhang W, Ouyang Z. In-situ sampling of lipids in tissues using a porous membrane microprobe for direct mass spectrometry analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100424. [PMID: 36157050 PMCID: PMC9490171 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct sampling of lipids from tissues for direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis allows a quick profiling of lipidome, which is important for biomedical applications. In this work, we developed a polyporous polymeric membrane (PPM) microprobe for highly efficient sampling of lipids directly from tissue samples. The PPM was prepared by polypropylene with pores as large of 10 μm, facilitating the permeation of lipids from tissue surfaces. The PPM was coated onto a stainless steel wire with a thickness of ∼100 μm. The entire analysis procedure includes sampling of the lipids in tissue, washing the probe, and extraction spray ionization for MS analysis. The effectiveness was validated by analyzing mouse brain tissue samples. It showed high recoveries for a series of lipid classes in comparison with total lipid extraction method. Further demonstration was carried out with analysis of tissue samples from mouse liver, stomach, kidney and legs. With high physical strength and good chemical stability, the microprobe was also demonstrated for sampling lipids inside mouse kidney tissue samples. By incorporating a photochemical derivatization, a workflow was also developed for fast detection of lipid C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>C isomers in tissue samples. Finally, a microprobe array was also developed for simultaneous sampling of lipids from multiple sites on tissue surfaces.
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20
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Isomer analysis by mass spectrometry in clinical science. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Young RSE, Flakelar CL, Narreddula VR, Jekimovs LJ, Menzel JP, Poad BLJ, Blanksby SJ. Identification of Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Stereochemistry in Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Charge-Remote Fragmentation of Fixed-Charge Derivatives. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16180-16188. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reuben S. E. Young
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clare L. Flakelar
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane 4014, Queensland, Australia
| | - Venkateswara R. Narreddula
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lachlan J. Jekimovs
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan P. Menzel
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Berwyck L. J. Poad
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Chen X, Tang S, Freitas D, Hirtzel E, Cheng H, Yan X. Characterization of glycerophospholipids at multiple isomer levels via Mn(II)-catalyzed epoxidation. Analyst 2022; 147:4838-4844. [PMID: 36128870 PMCID: PMC9704799 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01174c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of glycerophospholipid isomers is of significant importance as they play different roles in physiological and pathological processes. In this work, we present a novel and bifunctional derivatization method utilizing Mn(II)-catalyzed epoxidation to simultaneously identify carbon-carbon double bond (CC bond)- and stereonumbering (sn)-positional isomers of phosphatidylcholine. Mn(II) coordinates with picolinic acid and catalyzes epoxidation of unsaturated lipids by peracetic acid. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the epoxides generates diagnostic ions that can be used to locate CC bond positions. Meanwhile, CID of Mn(II) ion-lipid complexes produces characteristic ions for determination of sn positions. This bifunctional derivatization takes place in seconds, and the diagnostic ions produced in CID are clear and easy to interpret. Moreover, relative quantification of CC bond-and sn-positional isomers was achieved. The capability of this method in identifying lipids at multiple isomer levels was shown using lipid standards and lipid extracts from complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shuli Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Dallas Freitas
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Erin Hirtzel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Heyong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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23
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Lillja J, Lanekoff I. Quantitative determination of sn-positional phospholipid isomers in MS n using silver cationization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7473-7482. [PMID: 35731255 PMCID: PMC9482905 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids are one of the fundamental building blocks for life. The acyl chain connectivity to the glycerol backbone constitutes different sn-positional isomers, which have great diversity and importance for biological function. However, to fully realize their impact on function, analytical techniques that can identify and quantify sn-positional isomers in chemically complex biological samples are needed. Here, we utilize silver ion cationization in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) to identify sn-positional isomers of phosphatidylcholine (PC) species. In particular, a labile carbocation is generated through a neutral loss (NL) of AgH, the dissociation of which provides diagnostic product ions that correspond to acyl chains at the sn-1 or sn-2 position. The method is comparable to currently available methods, has a sensitivity in the nM-µM range, and is compatible with quantitative imaging using mass spectrometry in MS4. The results reveal a large difference in isomer concentrations and the ion images show that the sn-positional isomers PC 18:1_18:0 are homogeneously distributed, whereas PC 18:1_16:0 and PC 20:1_16:0 show distinct localizations to sub-hippocampal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lillja
- Department of Chemistry - BMC (576), Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingela Lanekoff
- Department of Chemistry - BMC (576), Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
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24
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Liu X, Jiao B, Cao W, Ma X, Xia Y, Blanksby SJ, Zhang W, Ouyang Z. Development of a Miniature Mass Spectrometry System for Point-of-Care Analysis of Lipid Isomers Based on Ozone-Induced Dissociation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13944-13950. [PMID: 36176011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Disorder of lipid homeostasis is closely associated with a variety of diseases. Although mass spectrometry (MS) approaches have been well developed for the characterization of lipids, it still lacks an integrated and compact MS system that is capable of rapid and detailed lipid structural characterization and can be conveniently transferred into different laboratories. In this work, we describe a novel miniature MS system with the capability of both ozone-induced dissociation (OzID) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) for the assignment of sites of unsaturation and sn-positions in glycerolipids. A miniature ozone generator was developed, which can be operated at a relatively high pressure. By maintaining high-concentration ozone inside the linear ion trap, OzID efficiency was significantly improved for the identification of C═C locations in unsaturated lipids, with reaction times as short as 10 ms. Finally, the miniature OzID MS system was applied to the analysis of C═C locations and sn-positions of lipids from biological samples. Direct sampling and fast detection of changes in phospholipid isomers were demonstrated for the rapid discrimination of breast cancer tissue samples, showing the potential of the miniature OzID MS system for point-of-care analysis of lipid isomer biomarkers in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility and School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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25
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Yang T, Tang S, Kuo S, Freitas D, Edwards M, Wang H, Sun Y, Yan X. Lipid Mass Tags via Aziridination for Probing Unsaturated Lipid Isomers and Accurate Relative Quantification**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207098. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Shuli Tang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Syuan‐Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Dallas Freitas
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Madison Edwards
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of Nutrition Texas A&M University 373 Olsen Blvd. College Station TX 77845 USA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition Texas A&M University 373 Olsen Blvd. College Station TX 77845 USA
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross St. College Station TX 77843 USA
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26
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Tang S, Chen X, Ke Y, Wang F, Yan X. Voltage-Controlled Divergent Cascade of Electrochemical Reactions for Characterization of Lipids at Multiple Isomer Levels Using Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12750-12756. [PMID: 36087069 PMCID: PMC10386884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cascading divergent reactions in a single system is highly desirable for their intrinsic efficiency and potential to achieve multilevel structural characterization of complex biomolecules. In this work, two electrochemical reactions, interfacial electro-epoxidation and cobalt anodic corrosion, are divergently cascaded in nanoelectrospray (nESI) and can be switched at different voltages. We applied these reactions to lipid identification at multiple isomer levels using mass spectrometry (MS), which remains a great challenge in structural lipidomics. The divergent cascade reactions in situ derivatize lipids to produce epoxidized lipids and cobalt-adducted lipids at different voltages. These lipids are then fragmented upon low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID), generating diagnostic fragments to indicate C═C locations and sn-positions that cannot be achieved by the low-energy CID of native lipids. We have demonstrated that lipid structural isomers show significantly different profiles in the analysis of healthy and cancerous mouse prostate samples using this strategy. The application of divergent cascade reactions in lipid identification allows the four-in-one analysis of lipid headgroups, fatty acyl chains, C═C locations, and sn-positions simply by tuning the nESI voltages within a single experiment. This feature as well as its low sample consumption, no need for an extra apparatus, and quantitative analysis capability show its great potential in lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Yuepeng Ke
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Fen Wang
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 580 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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27
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Kuo ST, Tang S, Russell DH, Yan X. Characterization of lipid carbon-carbon double-bond isomerism via ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) combined with cuprous ion-induced fragmentation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 479:116889. [PMID: 37577146 PMCID: PMC10421641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2022.116889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of phospholipid isomers is challenging due to their identical masses and similarities in structures. Here, we report that copper (I) ion complexed with phospholipids can be used to characterize both carbon-carbon double-bond (C=C bond) positional and geometric isomers. We investigate the distinct fragmentation patterns induced by the π-Cu+ interaction and developed strategies to rapidly characterize the isomerism of phospholipids. The multi-stage fragmentation of Cu+-adducted lipids by collision-induced dissociation can generate diagnostic ions to locate C=C bonds in unsaturated lipids. Furthermore, the collision cross sections of Cu+-adducted parent lipids and product ions can be used as molecular descriptors in distinguishing C=C bond geometric isomers. A bovine heart lipid extract containing Z-configuration lipids spiked with an E-configuration lipid was analyzed to demonstrate rapidness and effectiveness of the method in distinguishing lipid geometric isomers from a real sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David H. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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28
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Yang T, Tang S, Kuo ST, Freitas D, Edwards M, Wang H, Sun Y, Yan X. Lipid Mass Tags via Aziridination for Probing Unsaturated Lipid Isomers and Accurate Relative Quantification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuli Tang
- Texas A&M University Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | | | | | - Hongying Wang
- Texas A&M University Department of Nutrition UNITED STATES
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Texas A&M University Department of Nutrition UNITED STATES
| | - Xin Yan
- Texas A&M University Chemistry 580 Ross St 77840 College Station UNITED STATES
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29
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Zhang W, Jian R, Zhao J, Liu Y, Xia Y. Deep-lipidotyping by mass spectrometry: recent technical advances and applications. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100219. [PMID: 35489417 PMCID: PMC9213770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In-depth structural characterization of lipids is an essential component of lipidomics. There has been a rapid expansion of mass spectrometry methods that are capable of resolving lipid isomers at various structural levels over the past decade. These developments finally make deep-lipidotyping possible, which provides new means to study lipid metabolism and discover new lipid biomarkers. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods for identification of complex lipids beyond the species (known headgroup information) and molecular species (known chain composition) levels. These include identification at the levels of carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) location and sn-position as well as characterization of acyl chain modifications. We also discuss the integration of isomer-resolving MS/MS methods with different lipid analysis workflows and their applications in lipidomics. The results showcase the distinct capabilities of deep-lipidotyping in untangling the metabolism of individual isomers and sensitive phenotyping by using relative fractional quantitation of the isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ruijun Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yikun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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30
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Lin Q, Li P, Jian R, Xia Y. Localization of Intrachain Modifications in Bacterial Lipids Via Radical-Directed Dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:714-721. [PMID: 35195000 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Intrachain modifications of membrane glycerophospholipids (GPLs) due to formation of the carbon-carbon double bond (C═C), cyclopropane ring, and methyl branching are crucial for bacterial membrane homeostasis. Conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) of even-electron ions of GPL favors charge-directed fragmentation channels, and thus little structurally informative fragments can be detected for locating intrachain modifications. In this study, we report a radical-directed dissociation (RDD) approach for characterization of the intrachain modifications within phosphoethanolamines (PEs), a major lipid component in bacterial membrane. In this method, a radical precursor that can produce benzyl or pyridine methyl radical upon low-energy CID at high efficiency is conjugated onto the amine group of PEs. The carbon-centered radical ions subsequently initiate RDD along the fatty acyl chain, producing fragment patterns key to the assignment and localization of intrachain modifications including C═C, cyclopropane rings, and methyl branching. Besides intrachain fragmentation, RDD on the glycerol backbone produces fatty acyl loss as radicals, allowing one to identify the fatty acyl chain composition of PE. Moreover, RDD of lyso-PEs produces radical losses for distinguishing the sn-isomers. The above RDD approach has been incorporated onto a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry workflow and applied for the analysis of lipid extracts from Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruijun Jian
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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31
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A novel on-tissue cycloaddition reagent for mass spectrometry imaging of lipid C=C position isomers in biological tissues. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Macias LA, Brodbelt JS. Enhanced Characterization of Cardiolipins via Hybrid 193 nm Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3268-3277. [PMID: 35135194 PMCID: PMC9284920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipins (CLs) constitute a structurally complex class of glycerophospholipids with a unique tetraacylated structure accompanied by distinctive functional roles. Aberrations in the composition of this lipid class have been associated with disease states, spurring interest in the development of new approaches to differentiate the structures of diverse CLs in complex mixtures. The structural characterization of these complex lipids using conventional methods, however, suffers from limited resolution and frequently proves unable to discern subtle yet biologically significant features such as unsaturation sites or acyl chain position assignments. Here, we describe the synergistic use of chemical derivatization and hybrid dissociation techniques to characterize CL from complex biological mixtures with both double bond and sn positional isomer resolution in a shotgun mass spectrometry strategy. Utilizing (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane (TMSD), CL phosphate groups were methylated to promote positive-mode ionization by the production of metal-cationized lipids, enabling structural interrogation via hybrid higher-energy collisional activation/ultraviolet photodissociation (HCD/UVPD). This combination of TMSD derivatization and HCD/UVPD fragmentation results in diagnostic product ions that permit distinction and relative quantitation of sn-stereoisomers and the localization of double bonds. Applying this strategy to a total lipid extract from a thyroid carcinoma revealed a previously unreported 18:2/18:1 motif, elucidating a structural feature unique to the lipid class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Macias
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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33
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Jian R, Zhao X, Lin Q, Xia Y. Profiling of branched-chain fatty acids via nitroxide radical-directed dissociation integrated on an LC-MS/MS workflow. Analyst 2022; 147:2115-2123. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00266c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By coupling O-benzylhydroxylamine derivatization and tandem mass spectrometry, nitroxide radical-induced dissociation can be initiated via collisional activation which enables the analysis of methyl branching(s) in fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiaohong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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34
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Lin Q, Li P, Fang M, Zhang D, Xia Y. Deep Profiling of Aminophospholipids Reveals a Dysregulated Desaturation Pattern in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Anal Chem 2021; 94:820-828. [PMID: 34931817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), ether-PEs, and phosphatidylserines (PSs) are glycerophospholipids harboring a primary amino group in their headgroups. They are key components of mammalian cell membranes and play pivotal roles in cell signaling and apoptosis. In this study, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflow for deep profiling of PEs, ether-PEs, and PSs has been developed by integrating two orthogonal derivatizations: (1) derivatization of the primary amino group by 4-trimethylammoniumbutyryl-N-hydroxysuccinimide (TMAB-NHS) for enhanced LC separation and MS detection and (2) the Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction for carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) derivatization and localization. Significant improvement of the limit of identification down to the C═C location has been achieved for the standards of PSs (3 nM) and ether-PEs (20 nM). This workflow facilitates an identification of more than 200 molecular species of aminophospholipids in the porcine brain, two times more than those identified without TMAB-NHS derivatization. Importantly, we discovered that the n-10 isomers in C16:1 and C18:1 of aminophospholipids showed elevated contribution among other isomers, which correlated well with an increased transcription of the corresponding desaturase (FADS2) in the human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) relative to that in the normal cell line (HMEC). The abovementioned data suggest that lipid reprograming via forming different C═C location isomers might be an alternative mechanism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mengxuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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35
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Han Y, Chen P, Li Z, Wang X, Sun C. Multi-wavelength visible-light induced [2+2] cycloaddition for identification of lipid isomers in biological samples. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1662:462742. [PMID: 34923306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light-catalyzed Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction has been developed as an efficient lipid C=C double bond (DB) derivatization strategy, which can accurately assign the position of C=C bond in unsaturated lipids when coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Inspired by this, here we proposed a novel visible-light induced [2+2] cycloaddition reaction combined with ESI-MS/MS and MALDI-MS/MS to identify lipid C=C position isomers. Benz[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione (BIQD) and 6,9-difluorobenzo[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione (DF-BIQD) were developed as a new type of [2+2] cycloaddition reagent, which can not only react with C=C bond under 254 nm UV light irradiation, but also quickly combine with lipid C=C bond under the irradiation of 405 nm visible-light and > 400 nm compact fluorescent lamp visible-light. High cycloaddition reaction conversion efficiency can be achieved by irradiating under compact fluorescent lamp light for 2 min. Moreover, we discovered that 437 nm, 489 nm, 545 nm, 581 nm, and 613 nm monochromatic light appearing in compact fluorescent lamp can individually induce the [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between DF-BIQD and unsaturated lipids. Using this method, we found that the expressions of lipid DB-positional isomers in rat heart, brain, lung, spleen, thymus, kidney, liver and plasma vary greatly. The relative content of FA-18:1 (Δ9) in rat heart is only 1.49 times that of FA-18:1 (Δ11), while the relative content of FA-18:1 (Δ9) in rat plasma is 5.20 times that of FA-18:1 (Δ11). The above results offer new insight into the development of photocatalytic reagent for visible-light induced [2+2] cycloaddition and structural lipidomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Han
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chenglong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
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36
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Deng J, Yang Y, Zeng Z, Xiao X, Li J, Luan T. Discovery of Potential Lipid Biomarkers for Human Colorectal Cancer by In-Capillary Extraction Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13089-13098. [PMID: 34523336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Discovering cancer biomarkers is of significance for clinical medicine and disease diagnosis. In this article, we develop an in-capillary extraction nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ICE-nanoESI-MS) method to rapidly and in situ investigate human colorectal cancer for discovering lipid biomarkers. The ICE-nanoESI-MS method is performed using a tungsten microdissecting probe for in situ microsampling of surgical human colorectal cancer tumors and their paired distal noncancerous tissues during/after surgery. After sampling, the tungsten probe and the adhered tissues are inserted into a nanospray tip prefilled with some solvent for simultaneous in-capillary extraction and nanoESI-MS detection under ambient and open-air conditions. Online coupling of the Paternò-Büchi reaction and radical-direct fragmentation with ICE-nanoESI-MS is easily realized, which provides the opportunity to precisely determine carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) locations and stereospecific numbering (sn) positions of lipid biomarkers. Subsequently, a total of 12 pairs of colorectal cancer tumors and distal noncancerous tissues from different patients are investigated by our proposed ICE-nanoESI-MS method. A significant increase in lysophospholipids and fatty acids as well as a significant decrease in ceramides are discovered, and lysophospholipids are found as the potential biomarkers related to the formation and pathogenesis of human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewei Deng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Zhaolei Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jiajie Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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37
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Huang W, Zhou H, Yuan M, Lan L, Hou A, Ji S. Comprehensive characterization of the chemical constituents in Platycodon grandiflorum by an integrated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry strategy. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1654:462477. [PMID: 34433124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), as a well-known medicine food homology species, possess various pharmacological effects and health benefits. Aiming to facilitate in-depth and global characterization of the chemical compositions of PG, a profiling method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) was conducted. Consequently, as many as 187 compounds were plausibly or unambiguously identified. Most importantly, phospholipids (PLs) were first observed and identified in PG. Due to their widely confirmed bioactivities, an analysis scheme was developed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry combined with the online Paternò-Büchi reaction (HILIC-PB-MS/MS). The fatty acyl chains and C=C locations of 180 PLs molecular species, which fell into four classes, were unprecedently characterized. This exposure strategy of multi-type constituents greatly enriches the chemical profiling of PG, and helps promoting the further development of therapeutic agents and nutraceutical products from PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Heng Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ming Yuan
- Waters Corporation (China), Shanghai 201206, PR China
| | - Lan Lan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Aijun Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Shen Ji
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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38
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Macias LA, Garza KY, Feider CL, Eberlin LS, Brodbelt JS. Relative Quantitation of Unsaturated Phosphatidylcholines Using 193 nm Ultraviolet Photodissociation Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14622-14634. [PMID: 34486374 PMCID: PMC8579512 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Structural characterization of glycerophospholipids beyond the fatty acid level has become a major endeavor in lipidomics, presenting an opportunity to advance the understanding of the intricate relationship between lipid metabolism and disease state. Distinguishing subtle lipid structural features, however, remains a major challenge for high-throughput workflows that implement traditional tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques, stunting the molecular depth of quantitative strategies. Here, reversed phase liquid chromatography is coupled to parallel reaction mass spectrometry utilizing the double bond localization capabilities of ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) mass spectrometry to produce double bond isomer specific responses that are leveraged for relative quantitation. The strategy provides lipidomic characterization at the double bond level for phosphatidylcholine phospholipids from biological extracts. In addition to quantifying monounsaturated lipids, quantitation of phospholipids incorporating isomeric polyunsaturated fatty acids is also achieved. Using this technique, phosphatidylcholine isomer ratios are compared across human normal and tumor breast tissue to reveal significant structural alterations related to disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Macias
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kyana Y Garza
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Clara L Feider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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39
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Yu S, Fan J, Zhang L, Qin X, Li Z. Assessment of Biphasic Extraction Methods of Mouse Fecal Metabolites for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomic Studies. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4487-4494. [PMID: 34435490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing knowledge about the important roles of gut microbiota on the biological system, a systematic strategy to profile the fecal metabolome is urgently needed. Thus, an unbiased, efficient, and reproducible fecal metabolite extraction protocol needs to be established; however, the effect of biphasic extraction methods for the fecal samples remains unclear. In this study, five different methods were assessed in the extraction of polar and non-polar metabolites for the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based mouse fecal metabolomic study. First, the detection coverage of two extraction systems, the Bligh and Dyer extraction method (M1, chloroform/methanol/water, 2/2/1.8) and Matyash method (M2, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)/methanol/water, 10/3/2.5), was compared; then, MTBE/methanol/water system with different solvent ratios (M3, 2.6/2.0/2.4; M4, 4.5/1/2.5; and M5, 3/2.5/2.5) were further evaluated. The results showed that M2 showed higher detection coverage than M1. For the MTBE/methanol/water system with different solvent ratios, M3 showed the largest detection coverage based on peak numbers and numbers of putatively annotated metabolites, while M4 presented the least overlap between two phases, higher peak intensities of metabolites, and superior reproducibility. Based on the above evidence, M4 was recommended for the biphasic extraction of fecal metabolites in the LC-MS-based mouse fecal metabolomic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Yu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Fan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
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40
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Tu A, Garrard KP, Said N, Muddiman DC. In situ detection of fatty acid C=C positional isomers by coupling on-tissue mCPBA epoxidation with infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9119. [PMID: 33942403 PMCID: PMC8988907 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) play vital roles in regulating cellular functions. In-depth structural characterization of UFAs such as localizing carbon-carbon double bonds is fundamentally important but poses considerable challenges in mass spectrometry (MS) given that the most widely accessible ion activation method, low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID), primarily generates uninformative fragments (e.g., neutral loss of CO2 ) that are not suggestive of the double-bond positions. METHODS m-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) was uniformly deposited onto the sample slides using a TM Sprayer, converting the carbon-carbon double bonds into epoxides under ambient conditions. The epoxidation product was ionized in situ by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (IR-MALDESI-MS), and subsequently cleaved via CID, generating a diagnostic ion pair associated with the double-bond position. The reaction efficiency, sensitivity and relative quantification capability of the method were validated with five UFA standards dried on glass slides, and then this strategy was demonstrated on thin tissue sections of rat liver and human bladder. RESULTS The mCPBA reaction yielded conversion rates in the range of 44-60% in 10 min with high specificity and sensitivity. Further tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of the mono-epoxidized products generated informative fragment ions specific to the double-bond positions, and relative quantification of positional isomers in binary mixtures was performed across a wide mole fraction from 0 to 1. An innovative spiral scan pattern was utilized during data acquisition, elucidating the major isomeric compositions of multiple UFAs from a tissue section in a single run. CONCLUSIONS The on-tissue mCPBA epoxidation was implemented into an ambient MS imaging workflow to offer a rapid and simple way for in situ identification and relative quantification of double-bond positional isomers without the requirement for instrument modification. The method can be readily implemented on many other MS platforms to reveal the role of double-bond positional isomers in lipid biology and to discover potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Tu
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Precision Engineering Consortium, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Neveen Said
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Pathology, and Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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41
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Magny R, Regazzetti A, Kessal K, Baudouin C, Mélik-Parsadaniantz S, Laprévote O, Brignole-Baudouin F, Auzeil N, Roulland E. Deepening of lipidome annotation by associating cross-metathesis reaction with mass spectrometry: application to an in vitro model of corneal toxicity. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4825-4836. [PMID: 34125263 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03438-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The in-depth knowledge of lipid biological functions needs a comprehensive structural annotation including a method to locate fatty acid unsaturations, which remains a thorny problem. For this purpose, we have associated Grubbs' cross-metathesis reaction and liquid chromatography hyphenated to tandem mass spectrometry to locate double bond positions in lipid species. The pretreatment of lipid-containing samples by Grubbs' catalyst and an appropriate alkene generates substituted lipids through cross-metathesis reaction under mild, chemoselective, and reproducible conditions. A systematic LC-MS/MS analysis of the reaction mixture allows locating unambiguously the double bonds in fatty acid side chains of phospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids. This method has been successfully applied at a nanomole scale to commercial standard mixtures consisting of 10 lipid subclasses as well as in lipid extracts of human corneal epithelial (HCE) cell line allowing to pinpoint double bond of more than 90 species. This method has also been useful to investigate the lipid homeostasis alteration in an in vitro model of corneal toxicity, i.e., HCE cells incubated with benzalkonium chloride. The association of cross-metathesis and tandem mass spectrometry appears suitable to locate double bond positions in lipids involved in relevant biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Magny
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012, Paris, France.,C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Anne Regazzetti
- C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Karima Kessal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012, Paris, France.,CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012, Paris, France.,CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 75012, Paris, France.,Départment d'Ophthalmologie, Hôpital Ambroise Parée, AP HP, 92100, Boulogne, France.,Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, 78180, Paris Saclay, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | | | - Olivier Laprévote
- C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Brignole-Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012, Paris, France.,C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France.,CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Auzeil
- C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Emmanuel Roulland
- C-TAC, CiTCoM, UMR 8038, CNRS Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 75006, Paris, France.
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42
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Li Z, Cheng S, Lin Q, Cao W, Yang J, Zhang M, Shen A, Zhang W, Xia Y, Ma X, Ouyang Z. Single-cell lipidomics with high structural specificity by mass spectrometry. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2869. [PMID: 34001877 PMCID: PMC8129106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell analysis is critical to revealing cell-to-cell heterogeneity that would otherwise be lost in ensemble analysis. Detailed lipidome characterization for single cells is still far from mature, especially when considering the highly complex structural diversity of lipids and the limited sample amounts available from a single cell. We report the development of a general strategy enabling single-cell lipidomic analysis with high structural specificity. Cell fixation is applied to retain lipids in the cell during batch treatments prior to single-cell analysis. In addition to tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealing the class and fatty acyl-chain for lipids, batch photochemical derivatization and single-cell droplet treatment are performed to identify the C=C locations and sn-positions of lipids, respectively. Electro-migration combined with droplet-assisted electrospray ionization enables single-cell mass spectrometry analysis with easy operation but high efficiency in sample usage. Four subtypes of human breast cancer cells are correctly classified through quantitative analysis of lipid C=C location or sn-position isomers in ~160 cells. Most importantly, the single-cell deep lipidomics strategy successfully discriminates gefitinib-resistant cells from a population of wild-type human lung cancer cells (HCC827), highlighting its unique capability to promote precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaohong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Minmin Zhang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijun Shen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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43
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Zhao X, Xia Y. Characterization of Fatty Acyl Modifications in Phosphatidylcholines and Lysophosphatidylcholines via Radical-Directed Dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:560-568. [PMID: 33444004 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) are the major structural components of the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, while lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) are critical intermediates in lipid remodeling. Conventional tandem mass spectrometric (MSn) methods via collision-induced dissociation (CID) are blind to intrachain modifications such as the location of the carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) and methyl branching point. In this study, we demonstrate that almost complete structural information can be inferred from a single MS2 CID spectrum of the bicarbonate anion adducts of PC or LPC ([M + HCO3]-), including the identity of the headgroup, composition of fatty acyl chains, their sn-positions, the location of C═C, and the point of methyl branching in fatty acyls. We have integrated this MS2 CID method onto liquid chromatography for the analysis LPCs in human plasma, revealing the existence of multiple sn-isomers, branched chain isomers, and C═C location isomers of LPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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44
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Zhao X, Wu G, Zhang W, Dong M, Xia Y. Resolving Modifications on Sphingoid Base and N-Acyl Chain of Sphingomyelin Lipids in Complex Lipid Extracts. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14775-14782. [PMID: 33052665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelins (SMs) are an essential class of lipids widely existing in different organisms. The sphingoid base and N-acyl chain are two building blocks which can undergo different types of modifications during lipogenesis, including desaturation, hydroxylation, and methyl branching. Current lipidomic analysis methods cannot provide detailed information on these structural motifs. Herein, we developed a tandem mass spectrometric method by harnessing radical-directed dissociation (RDD) from collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the bicarbonate anion adduct of SM ([M + HCO3]-). A major RDD channel produced a high-abundance fragment carrying the intact N-acyl chain, termed as "N-acyl fragment", allowing the assignment of the sphingoid base/N-acyl composition and relative quantitation of compositional isomers of SM at high sensitivity. RDD also produced intrachain fragments in lower abundances, which helped localization of methyl branching and hydroxylation in SM. The acetone Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction was found to be capable of derivatizing the Δ4 carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) in sphingosine (SPH) base and producing C═C diagnostic ions upon CID, albeit at much lower efficiencies than those of the isolated C═C in alkyl chains. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry workflow was developed by incorporating MS2 CID of SM via [M + HCO3]- and PB-MS2 CID. The capability of profiling SM with detailed structural information was demonstrated by analyzing complex lipid extracts from porcine brain and Caenorhabditis elegans. These results provided visualization of the sphingoid base/N-acyl compositional isomers of SM lipids and revealed large structural diversity from each sample. These included identification of the sphingadiene base [d18:1(Δ4,14)], C═C location isomers in N-acyls, C-2 hydroxylation of N-acyls, and iso-methyl branched SPH base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Wu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengqiu Dong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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45
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Zhu QF, An N, Feng YQ. In-Depth Annotation Strategy of Saturated Hydroxy Fatty Acids Based on Their Chromatographic Retention Behaviors and MS Fragmentation Patterns. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14528-14535. [PMID: 33052648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxy fatty acids are a class of bioactive compounds in a variety of organisms. The identification of hydroxy fatty acids in biological samples has still been a challenge because of their low abundance, high structural similarity, and limited availability of authentic hydroxy fatty acid standards. Here, we present a strategy for the annotation of saturated monohydroxyl fatty acids (OH-FAs) based on the integration of chromatographic retention rules and MS2 fragmentation patterns. Thirty-nine authentic OH-FA standards were used to investigate their retention behavior on a reversed-phase stationary phase (C18) of liquid chromatography, and we found that their retention simultaneously follows two kinds of "carbon number rules". Using the "carbon number rules", the retention index (RI) of all OH-FAs that contain carbon numbers from 8 to 18 (C8-18) can be predicted. Additionally, by studying the MS2 fragmentation of OH-FAs under collision-induced dissociation, we found that the intensity ratio (IR) of the characteristic fragment ions ([M + H]+-63 and [M + H]+-45) is closely related to the position of the hydroxyl group on the OH-FA structure, which is helpful to further identify and confirm the OH-FA isomers. As a result, 97 of 107 potential OH-FAs detected in honey, human serum, and rice seedling by chemical isotope labeling-assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were annotated upon the RI matching and IR confirming. Furthermore, in order to simplify the annotation process of OH-FAs, we constructed an OH-FA library to facilitate the annotation of OH-FAs. Overall, this study provides a new and promising tool for the in-depth annotation of OH-FA isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Fei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Na An
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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46
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Randolph CE, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Enhancing detection and characterization of lipids using charge manipulation in electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 232:104970. [PMID: 32890498 PMCID: PMC7606777 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heightened awareness regarding the implication of disturbances in lipid metabolism with respect to prevalent human-related pathologies demands analytical techniques that provide unambiguous structural characterization and accurate quantitation of lipids in complex biological samples. The diversity in molecular structures of lipids along with their wide range of concentrations in biological matrices present formidable analytical challenges. Modern mass spectrometry (MS) offers an unprecedented level of analytical power in lipid analysis, as many advancements in the field of lipidomics have been facilitated through novel applications of and developments in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). ESI allows for the formation of intact lipid ions with little to no fragmentation and has become widely used in contemporary lipidomics experiments due to its sensitivity, reproducibility, and compatibility with condensed-phase modes of separation, such as liquid chromatography (LC). Owing to variations in lipid functional groups, ESI enables partial chemical separation of the lipidome, yet the preferred ion-type is not always formed, impacting lipid detection, characterization, and quantitation. Moreover, conventional ESI-MS/MS approaches often fail to expose diverse subtle structural features like the sites of unsaturation in fatty acyl constituents or acyl chain regiochemistry along the glycerol backbone, representing a significant challenge for ESI-MS/MS. To overcome these shortcomings, various charge manipulation strategies, including charge-switching, have been developed to transform ion-type and charge state, with aims of increasing sensitivity and selectivity of ESI-MS/MS approaches. Importantly, charge manipulation approaches afford enhanced ionization efficiency, improved mixture analysis performance, and access to informative fragmentation channels. Herein, we present a critical review of the current suite of solution-based and gas-phase strategies for the manipulation of lipid ion charge and type relevant to ESI-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA.
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47
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Zhao J, Xie X, Lin Q, Ma X, Su P, Xia Y. Next-Generation Paternò–Büchi Reagents for Lipid Analysis by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13470-13477. [PMID: 32840355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaobo Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiaohong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pei Su
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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48
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Xia T, Ren H, Zhang W, Xia Y. Lipidome-wide characterization of phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylglycerols on CC location level. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:107-115. [PMID: 32825894 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) are two essential classes of glycerophospholipids (GPs), playing versatile roles such as signalling messengers and lipid-protein interaction ligands in cell. Although a majority of PG and PI molecular species contain unsaturated fatty acyl chain(s), conventional tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods cannot discern isomers different in carbon-carbon double bond (CC) locations. In this work, we paired phosphate methylation with acetone Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction, aiming to provide a solution for sensitive and structurally informative analysis of these two important classes of GPs down to the location of CC. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) workflow was established. Offline methylated PG or PI mixtures were subjected to hydrophilic interaction chromatographic separation, online acetone PB reaction, and MS/MS via collision-induced dissociation (CID) for CC location determination in positive ion mode. This method was sensitive, offering limit of identification at 5 nM for both PG and PI standards down to CC locations. On molecular species level, 49 PI and 31 PG were identified from bovine liver, while 61 PIs were identified from human plasma. This workflow also enabled ratiometric comparisons of CC location isomers (C18:1 Δ9 vs. Δ11) of a series of PIs from type 2 diabetes (T2D) plasma to that of normal plasma samples. PI 16:0_18:1 and PI 18:0_18:1 were found to exhibit significant changes in CC isomeric ratios between T2D and normal plasma samples. The above results demonstrate that the developed LC-PB-MS/MS workflow is applicable to different classes of lipids and compatible with other established lipid derivatization methods to achieve comprehensive lipid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hanlin Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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49
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Deng J, Yang Y, Luo L, Xiao Y, Luan T. Lipid analysis and lipidomics investigation by ambient mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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Feng G, Hao Y, Wu L, Chen S. A visible-light activated [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction enables pinpointing carbon-carbon double bonds in lipids. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7244-7251. [PMID: 34123010 PMCID: PMC8159383 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise location of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds in bioactive molecules is critical for a deep understanding of the relationship between their structures and biological roles. However, the traditional ultraviolet light-based approaches exhibited great limitations. Here, we discovered a new type of visible-light activated [2 + 2] cycloaddition of carbonyl with C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds. We found that carbonyl in anthraquinone showed great reactivities towards C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds in lipids to form oxetanes under the irradiation of visible-light. Combined with tandem mass spectrometry, this site-specific dissociation of oxetane enabled precisely locating the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds in various kinds of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated lipids. The proof-of-concept applicability of this new type of [2 + 2] photocycloaddition was validated in the global identification of unsaturated lipids in a complex human serum sample. 86 monounsaturated and polyunsaturated lipids were identified with definitive positions of C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds, including phospholipids and fatty acids even with up to 6 C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds. This study provides new insights into both the photocycloaddition reactions and the structural lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Feng
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Yanhong Hao
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Liang Wu
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Suming Chen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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