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Liu D, Yang GX, Chen Z, Xie W, Li D, Li W, Lin J, Nie X, Li Z, Liang B, Yang Z, Wang Z, Pu J, Sun G, Shen C, Li M, Su SJ. Highly Horizontal Oriented Tricomponent Exciplex Host with Multiple Reverse Intersystem Crossing Channels for High-Performance Narrowband Electroluminescence and Eye-Protection White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403584. [PMID: 38897229 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Despite multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters with small full-width at half maximum are attractive for wide color-gamut display and eye-protection lighting applications, their inefficient reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process and long exciton lifetime induce serious efficiency roll-off, which significantly limits their development. Herein, a novel device concept of building highly efficient tricomponent exciplex with multiple RISC channels is proposed to realize reduced exciton quenching and enhanced upconversion of nonradiative triplet excitons, and subsequently used as a host for high-performance MR-TADF organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared with traditional binary exciplex, the tricomponent exciplex exhibits obviously improved photoluminescence quantum yield, emitting dipole orientation and RISC rate constant, and a record-breaking external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 30.4% is achieved for tricomponent exciplex p-PhBCzPh: PO-T2T: DspiroAc-TRZ (50: 20: 30) based OLED. Remarkably, maximum EQEs of 36.2% and 40.3% and ultralow efficiency roll-off with EQEs of 26.1% and 30.0% at 1000 cd m-2 are respectively achieved for its sky-blue and pure-green MR-TADF doped OLEDs. Additionally, the blue emission unit hosted by tricomponent exciplex is combined with an orange-red TADF emission unit to achieve a double-emission-layer blue-hazard-free warm white OLED with an EQEmax of 30.3% and stable electroluminescence spectra over a wide brightness range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Liu
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guo-Xi Yang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wentao Xie
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Deli Li
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianying Lin
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xuewei Nie
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhizhi Li
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | | | - Zhihai Yang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Junrong Pu
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guanwei Sun
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Mengke Li
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Recent Advances of Interface Exciplex in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020298. [PMID: 35208422 PMCID: PMC8875368 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interface exciplex system is a promising technology for reaching organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with low turn-on voltages, high efficiencies and long lifetimes due to its unique virtue of barrier-free charge transport, well-confined recombination region, and thermally activated delayed fluorescence characteristics. In this review, we firstly illustrate the mechanism frameworks and superiorities of the interface exciplex system. We then summarize the primary applications of interface exciplex systems fabricated by doping and doping-free technologies. The operation mechanisms of these OLEDs are emphasized briefly. In addition, various novel strategies for further improving the performances of interface exciplex-based devices are demonstrated. We believe this review will give a promising perspective and attract researchers to further develop this technology in the future.
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Mukhtar A, Mansha A, Asim S, Shahzad A, Bibi S. Excited State Complexes of Coumarin Derivatives. J Fluoresc 2021; 32:1-17. [PMID: 34580794 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Furocoumarins are the useful derivatives of coumarin, and they act as skin photosensitizing material due to their exciting exciplex states. Dendrimers also form exciplexes when they contain coumarin as core and used for light harvesting. A number of ingredients in human nutrition contain coumarins. The apiaceae family is the most common example of this class that contains carrots, celery and parsley etc. Rutaceae family is also an important food source that contains coumarins and provides citrus food. Besides fruits and vegetables, beverages like coffee, wine, black and green tea also incorporates coumarin derivatives. Few coumarin dyes show absorption and one emission peak but it can show a double amplified spontaneous emission band due to the generation of super exciplexes in coumarins. Exciplex formation of different coumarin derivatives including 7-methoxy coumarin, 7-hydroxy coumarin show wide application in synthesis of various other derivatives and they can be used as dye due to their prominent fluorescence properties. Exciplexes and excimers of coumarin are widely used in lasers. Both singlet and triplet state exciplexes are considered. Thus a comprehensive review of excited state complexes of coumarin derivatives is discussed here with emphases on the interaction and overlap of the energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Govt College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Govt College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Asim
- Department of Chemistry, Govt College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Alina Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, Govt College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shamsa Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Schillmöller T, Ruth PN, Herbst‐Irmer R, Stalke D. Analysis of Solid-State Luminescence Emission Amplification at Substituted Anthracenes by Host-Guest Complex Formation. Chemistry 2020; 26:17390-17398. [PMID: 32779830 PMCID: PMC7821099 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Small robust organic molecules showing solid-state luminescence are promising candidates for optoelectronic materials. Herein, we investigate a series of diphenylphosphanyl anthracenes [9-PPh2 -10-R-(C14 H8 )] and their sulfur oxidised analogues. The oxidation causes drastic changes in the molecular structure as the new orientation of the bulky (S)PPh2 substituent induces a strong butterfly bent structure of the anthracene core, which triggers a strong bathochromic shift resulting in a green solid-state fluorescence. As the emission properties change only slightly upon aggregation the origin of the emission is attributed to a typical monomer fluorescence. The host-guest complexes of [9-(S)PPh2 -10-Ethyl-(C14 H8 )] with four basic arenes reveal an emission enhancement up to five-times higher quantum yields compared to the pure host. Less interchromophoric interactions and a restriction of intramolecular motion within the host molecules due to fixation by weak C-H⋅⋅⋅π interactions with the co-crystallised arene are responsible for that emission enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Schillmöller
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Paul Niklas Ruth
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Regine Herbst‐Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
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Tang Y, Xie G, Yin X, Gao Y, Ding J, Yang C. Unravelling Electroplex Emission from Long-Range Charge Transfer Based on a Phosphorescent Dendrimer as the Electron Donor. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5255-5262. [PMID: 32519541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the exceptionally long-range charge-transfer-induced electroplex between a neat dendrimer emitter and the adjacent electron-transporting layer (ETL). Interestingly, the electroplex exists even in the dilute emitter with a sufficiently low concentration (0.5 wt %) in an inert host. The iridium dendrimer with the carbazole-based dendritic ligands exhibits bright emission, peaking at 536 nm, with a full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 77 nm in the devices without any ETLs. Unexpectedly, once the ETLs are inserted, a significantly broadened emission (fwhm = 115 nm) is detectable under electroluminescence. Taking advantage of the broad interfacial electroplex emission, a hybrid warm-white device was demonstrated by combining a sky-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter, exhibiting a maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.7%, which is an order of magnitude higher than that of any other reported works based on the electroplex white organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Gao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
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Exciplex energy transfer through spacer: White electroluminescence with enhanced stability based on cyan intermolecular and orange intramolecular thermally activated delayed fluorescence. J Adv Res 2020; 24:379-389. [PMID: 32477608 PMCID: PMC7248288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Capability of exciplex energy transfer through a spacer was investigated using three exciplex-forming solid mixtures which contained the well-known electron accepting 2,4,6-tris[3-(diphenylphosphinyl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine and appropriately designed bipolar cyanocarbazolyl-based derivatives functionalized by attachment of carbazolyl, acridanyl or phenyl units. These novel cyanocarbazolyl-based derivatives were used as both the spacer and exciplex-forming donor. Efficient organic light-emitting diodes with electroluminescence in cyan-yellow region and maximum external quantum efficiency of up to 7.7% were fabricated owing to efficient thermally activated fluorescence (TADF) of the newly discovered exciplexes. An approach of exciton separation by the spacer between the studied exciplexes and selected orange TADF emitter was proposed for the fabrication of white electroluminescent devices with prolonged lifetime comparing to that of single-color exciplex-based devices. Exciplex-forming systems were tested for exciton separation between inter- and intramolecular TADF. Exciplex energy transfer through a spacer was observed on relatively long distance for one system due to the energy resonance between triplet levels of the exciplex and spacer. First time observed here exciplex energy transfer through a spacer can be useful for both improvement of device stability and obtaining of white electroluminescence.
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Kinashi K, Tsuchida H, Sakai W, Tsutsumi N. Theoretical Limit of the Color-Change Sensitivity of a Composite Resin Dosimeter Film Based on Spiropyran/BaFCl : Eu 2+/Polystyrene. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:623-627. [PMID: 32489767 PMCID: PMC7253063 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The theoretical limit of the color-change sensitivity of a composite resin dosimeter film based on 6-nitro BIPS/BaFCl : Eu2+/polystyrene under X-ray exposure has been estimated. Each photophysical and photochemical process occurring inside the composite resin dosimeter was quantitatively determined, and the obtained values were used to estimate the theoretical limit of the color-change sensitivity for the composite resin dosimeter. The values obtained were 70.6 % for the X-ray absorption efficiency, 13 % for the fluorescence quantum yield, 73.5 % for the UV absorption efficiency and 37.6 % for the photochemical quantum yield. Assuming that the figure-of-merit is their product, its value is estimated to be 2.5 %, which contributes to the chromaticity difference and leads to a color-change sensitivity of 100 mGy. The figure-of-merit of a structurally optimized composite dosimeter was estimated to be 1.9 times that of the dosimeter without structural optimization, which showed a sensitivity of 100 mGy. We predicted that the structurally optimized composite resin dosimeter film, which eliminates optical losses due to the structure, will be able to detect X-ray exposure doses on the order of approximately 28 mGy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kinashi
- Faculty of Materials Science and EngineeringKyoto Institute of Technology MatsugasakiSakyo, Kyoto606-8585Japan
| | - Hayato Tsuchida
- Master's Program of Innovative MaterialsGraduate School of Science and TechnologyKyoto Institute of Technology MatsugasakiSakyo, Kyoto606-8585Japan
| | - Wataru Sakai
- Faculty of Materials Science and EngineeringKyoto Institute of Technology MatsugasakiSakyo, Kyoto606-8585Japan
| | - Naoto Tsutsumi
- Faculty of Materials Science and EngineeringKyoto Institute of Technology MatsugasakiSakyo, Kyoto606-8585Japan
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Nguyen TB, Nakanotani H, Hatakeyama T, Adachi C. The Role of Reverse Intersystem Crossing Using a TADF-Type Acceptor Molecule on the Device Stability of Exciplex-Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906614. [PMID: 31975459 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exciplex system exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) holds a considerable potential to improve organic light-emitting diode (OLED) performances. However, the operational lifetime of current exciplex-based devices, unfortunately, falls far behind the requirement for commercialization. Herein, rationally choosing a TADF-type electron acceptor molecule is reported as a new strategy to enhance OLEDs' operating lifetime. A comprehensive study of the exciplex system containing 9,9',9''-triphenyl-9H,9'H,9''H-3,3':6',3''-tercarbazole (Tris-PCz) and triazine (TRZ) derivatives clarifies the relationship between unwanted carrier recombination on acceptor molecules, TADF property of acceptors, and the device degradation event. By employing a proposed "exciton recycling" strategy, a threefold increased operational lifetime can be achieved while still maintaining high-performance OLED properties. In particular, a stable blue OLED that employs this strategy is successfully demonstrated. This research provides an important step for exciplex-based devices toward the significant improvement of operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Ba Nguyen
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hajime Nakanotani
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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