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Tegudeer Z, Moon J, Wright J, Das M, Rubasinghege G, Xu W, Gao WY. Generic and facile mechanochemical access to versatile lattice-confined Pd(ii)-based heterometallic sites. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10126-10134. [PMID: 38966377 PMCID: PMC11220583 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01918k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show remarkable potential in a broad array of applications given their physical and chemical versatility. Classical synthesis of MOFs is performed using solution chemistry at elevated temperatures to achieve reversible metal-ligand bond formation. These harsh conditions may not be suitable for chemical species sensitive to high temperature or prone to deleterious reactions with solvents. For instance, Pd(ii) is susceptible to reduction under solvothermal conditions and is not a common metal node of MOFs. We report a generic and facile mechanochemical strategy that directly incorporates a series of Pd(ii)-based heterobimetallic clusters into MOFs as metal nodes without Pd(ii) being reduced to Pd(0). Mechanochemistry features advantages of short reaction time, minimum solvent, high reaction yield, and high degree of synthetic control. Catalytic performances of lattice-confined heterobimetallic sites are examined for nitrene transfer reactions and we demonstrate that the chemoselectivity for allylic amination versus olefin aziridination is readily tuned by the identity of the first-row metal ion in Pd(ii)-based heterobimetallic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jisue Moon
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Joshua Wright
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago Illinois 60616 USA
| | - Milton Das
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro New Mexico 87801 USA
| | - Gayan Rubasinghege
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro New Mexico 87801 USA
| | - Wenqian Xu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Wen-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University Athens Ohio 45701 USA
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2
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Alizadeh Sani M, Khezerlou A, McClements DJ. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs): Advanced nanostructured materials to enhance the functional performance of food packaging materials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 327:103153. [PMID: 38604082 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF) materials are a class of metallic organic framework (MOF) materials that have several potential applications in the food and other industries. They consist of metal ions or clusters of metal ions coordinated with imidazole-based organic linkers, creating a three-dimensional solid structure with well-defined pores and channels. ZIFs possess several important features, including high porosity, tunable pore sizes, high surface areas, adjustable surface chemistries, and good stabilities. These characteristics make them highly versatile materials that can be used in a variety of applications, including smart and active food packaging. Based on their controllable compositions, dimensions, and pore sizes, the properties of ZIFs can be tailored for a diverse range of applications, including energy storage, sensing, separation, encapsulation, and catalysis. In this article, we focus on recent progress and potential applications of ZIFs in food packaging materials. Previous studies have shown that ZIFs can significantly improve the optical, mechanical, barrier, thermal, sustainability, and preservative properties of packaging materials. Moreover, ZIFs can be used as carriers to encapsulate, protect, and control the release of bioactive agents in packaging materials. ZIFs are capable of selectively adsorbing and releasing molecules based on their size, shape, and surface properties. These unique characteristics make them particularly suitable for smart or active food packaging applications. By selectively removing gases (such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, or ethylene) ZIFs can improve the shelf life and quality of packaged foods. In addition, they can be employed to control the growth of spoilage microorganisms and minimize oxidation reactions, thereby enhancing the freshness and extending the shelf life of foods. They may also be used to create sensors capable of detecting and indicating food spoilage. For instance, ZIFs that change color or release specific compounds when spoilage products are present can provide visual or chemical indications of food deterioration. This feature is especially valuable in ensuring the safety and quality of packaged food, as it enables consumers and retailers to easily identify spoiled products. ZIFs can be functionalized using various additives, including antioxidants, antimicrobials, pigments, and flavors, which can improve the preservative and sensory properties of packaged foods. Moreover, ZIF-based packaging materials offer sustainability benefits. Unlike traditional plastic packaging, ZIFs are biodegradable and can easily be disposed of without causing harm to the environment, thereby reducing the adverse effects of plastic waste materials. The application of ZIFs in smart/active food packaging offers exciting possibilities for enhancing the shelf life, quality, and safety of foods. With further research and development, ZIF-based packaging could become a sustainable alternative to plastic-based packaging in the food industry. An important aim of this review article is to stimulate further research on the development and application of ZIFs within food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Alizadeh Sani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Khezerlou
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Salvador FE, Tegudeer Z, Locke H, Gao WY. Facile mechanochemical synthesis of MIL-53 and its isoreticular analogues with a glance at reaction reversibility. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4406-4411. [PMID: 38379516 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00372a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
MIL-53 represents one of the most notable metal-organic frameworks given its unique structural flexibility and remarkable thermal stability. In this study, a shaker-type ball milling method has been developed into a facile and generalizable synthetic strategy to access a family of MIL-53 type materials under ambient conditions. During the explorations of [M(OH)(fumarate)] (M = Al, Ga, and In), we report a positive correlation between the metal-ligand (M-L) bond reversibility and the size of resultant crystallites under the mechanochemical process. The more kinetically labile the M-L bond is, the larger the afforded crystallite size is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fillipp Edvard Salvador
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | | | - Halie Locke
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - Wen-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
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4
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Rastin F, Oryani MA, Iranpour S, Javid H, Hashemzadeh A, Karimi-Shahri M. A new era in cancer treatment: harnessing ZIF-8 nanoparticles for PD-1 inhibitor delivery. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:872-894. [PMID: 38193564 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02471g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the potential of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles in augmenting the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, with a special focus on the delivery of programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibitors. The multifunctional nature of ZIF-8 nanoparticles as drug carriers is emphasized, with their ability to encapsulate a range of therapeutic agents, including PD-1 inhibitors, and facilitate their targeted delivery to tumor locations. By manipulating the pore size and surface characteristics of ZIF-8 nanoparticles, controlled drug release can be realized. The strategic use of ZIF-8 nanoparticles to deliver PD-1 inhibitors presents a precise and targeted modality for cancer treatment, reducing off-target impacts and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. This combined strategy addresses the existing challenges and constraints of current immunotherapy techniques, with the ultimate goal of enhancing patient outcomes in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farangis Rastin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sonia Iranpour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Alireza Hashemzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Karimi-Shahri
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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5
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Leonel G, Lennox CB, Xu Y, Arhangelskis M, Friščić T, Navrotsky A. Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation of the Thermodynamics of the Carbonation Reaction of ZIF-8 and Its Close-Packed Polymorph with Carbon Dioxide. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:19520-19526. [PMID: 37817918 PMCID: PMC10561648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c04135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental and theoretical evaluation of the thermodynamic driving force for the reaction of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials with carbon dioxide, leading to a metal-organic carbonate phase. Carbonation upon exposure of MOFs to CO2 is a significant concern for the design and deployment of such materials in carbon storage technologies, and this work shows that the formation of a carbonate material from the popular SOD-topology framework material ZIF-8, as well as its dense-packed dia-topology polymorph, is significantly exothermic. With knowledge of the crystal structure of the starting and final phases in the carbonation reaction, we have also identified periodic density functional theory approaches that most closely reproduce the measured reaction enthalpies. This development now permits the use of advanced theoretical calculations to calculate the driving forces behind the carbonation of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with reasonable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson
J. Leonel
- Navrotsky
Eyring Center for Materials of the Universe, School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Cameron B. Lennox
- School
of Chemistry Haworth Building, University
of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H2L
0B7, Canada
| | - Yizhi Xu
- Faculty of
Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Street, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Faculty of
Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Street, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- School
of Chemistry Haworth Building, University
of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H2L
0B7, Canada
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- School
of Molecular Sciences and Center for Materials of the Universe, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Navrotsky
Eyring Center for Materials of the Universe, School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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6
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Gatou MA, Vagena IA, Lagopati N, Pippa N, Gazouli M, Pavlatou EA. Functional MOF-Based Materials for Environmental and Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2224. [PMID: 37570542 PMCID: PMC10421186 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last ten years, there has been a growing interest in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a unique category of porous materials that combine organic and inorganic components. MOFs have garnered significant attention due to their highly favorable characteristics, such as environmentally friendly nature, enhanced surface area and pore volume, hierarchical arrangements, and adjustable properties, as well as their versatile applications in fields such as chemical engineering, materials science, and the environmental and biomedical sectors. This article centers on examining the advancements in using MOFs for environmental remediation purposes. Additionally, it discusses the latest developments in employing MOFs as potential tools for disease diagnosis and drug delivery across various ailments, including cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders, and ocular diseases. Firstly, a concise overview of MOF evolution and the synthetic techniques employed for creating MOFs are provided, presenting their advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the challenges, potential avenues, and perspectives for future advancements in the utilization of MOFs in the respective application domains are addressed. Lastly, a comprehensive comparison of the materials presently employed in these applications is conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Anna Gatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna-Aglaia Vagena
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.V.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Evangelia A. Pavlatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
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7
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Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020897. [PMID: 36677953 PMCID: PMC9865874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We provide a systematic overview of the mechanochemical reactions of inorganic solids, notably simple binary compounds, such as oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulphides, phosphides, hydrides, borides, borane derivatives, and related systems. Whereas the solid state has been traditionally considered to be of little synthetic value by the broader community of synthetic chemists, the solid-state community, and in particular researchers focusing on the reactions of inorganic materials, have thrived in building a rich and dynamic research field based on mechanically-driven transformations of inorganic substances typically seen as inert and high-melting. This review provides an insight into the chemical richness of such mechanochemical reactions and, at the same time, offers their tentative categorisation based on transformation type, resulting in seven distinct groupings: (i) the formation of adducts, (ii) the reactions of dehydration; (iii) oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions; (iv) metathesis (or exchange) reactions; (v) doping and structural rearrangements, including reactions involving the reaction vessel (the milling jar); (vi) acid-base reactions, and (vii) other, mixed type reactions. At the same time, we offer a parallel description of inorganic mechanochemical reactions depending on the reaction conditions, as those that: (i) take place under mild conditions (e.g., manual grinding using a mortar and a pestle); (ii) proceed gradually under mechanical milling; (iii) are self-sustained and initiated by mechanical milling, i.e., mechanically induced self-propagating reactions (MSRs); and (iv) proceed only via harsh grinding and are a result of chemical reactivity under strongly non-equilibrium conditions. By elaborating on typical examples and general principles in the mechanochemistry of hard and high-melting substances, this review provides a suitable complement to the existing literature, focusing on the properties and mechanochemical reactions of inorganic solids, such as nanomaterials and catalysts.
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8
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Mazzeo PP, Lampronti GI, Michalchuk AAL, Belenguer AM, Bacchi A, Emmerling F. Accurate extrinsic and intrinsic peak broadening modelling for time-resolved in situ ball milling reactions via synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Faraday Discuss 2023; 241:289-305. [PMID: 36173263 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The debate on the mechanisms which underpin mechanochemical reactions via ball mill grinding is still open. Our ability to accurately measure the microstructural (crystal size and microstrain) evolution of materials under milling conditions as well as their phase composition as a function of time is key to the in-depth understanding of the kinetics and driving forces of mechanochemical transformations. Furthermore, all ball milling reactions end with a steady state or milling equilibrium - represented by a specific phase composition and relative microstructure - that does not change as long as the milling conditions are maintained. The use of a standard sample is essential to determine the instrumental contribution to the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) peak broadening for time-resolved in situ (TRIS) monitoring of mechanochemical reactions under in operando conditions. Using TRIS-XRPD on a ball milling setup, coupled with low-energy synchrotron radiation, we investigated different data acquisition and analysis strategies on a silicon standard powder. The diffraction geometry and the microstructural evolution of the standard itself have been studied to model the instrumental contribution to XRPD peak broadening throughout the grinding activity. Previously proposed functions are here challenged and further developed. Importantly, we show that minor drifts of the jar position do not affect the instrumental resolution function significantly. We here report and discuss the results of such investigations and their application to TRIS-XRPD datasets of inorganic and organic ball mill grinding reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo P Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy. .,Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Giulio I Lampronti
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Adam A L Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana M Belenguer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alessia Bacchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy. .,Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Boldyreva E. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Mechanochemistry, tribochemistry, mechanical alloying - retrospect, achievements and challenges. Faraday Discuss 2023; 241:9-62. [PMID: 36519434 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00149g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents a view on the achievements, challenges and prospects of mechanochemistry. The extensive reference list can serve as a good entry point to a plethora of mechanochemical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boldyreva
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS & Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
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10
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Nosakhare Amenaghawon A, Lewis Anyalewechi C, Uyi Osazuwa O, Agbovhimen Elimian E, Oshiokhai Eshiemogie S, Kayode Oyefolu P, Septya Kusuma H. A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for the Adsorptive Sequestration of Pollutants from Wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Tašner M, Vušak D, Kekez I, Gabud A, Pilepić V, Mrvoš-Sermek D, Matković-Čalogović D. Zn(II) halide coordination compounds with imidazole and 2-methylimidazole. Structural and computational characterization of intermolecular interactions and disorder. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11100. [PMID: 36303904 PMCID: PMC9593290 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel zinc(II) coordination compounds with imidazole (Im) and 2-methylimidazole (2-MeIm) were prepared and characterized: [ZnX2(Im)2] (X = Cl (1a), Br (1b), I (1c)) and [ZnX2(2-MeIm)2] (X = Cl (2a), Br (2b), I (2c)). Coordination compounds 1a–c were prepared mechanochemically by neat grinding while 2a–c were prepared by solution synthesis. The complexes were characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and by powder X-ray diffraction. Crystal and molecular structures were determined by the single crystal X-ray diffraction. The characteristic of all structures is a distorted tetrahedral coordination of zinc consisting of two halide atoms and two nitrogen atoms from the imidazole (or 2-methylimidazole) ligand. Molecules in 1a–c are interconnected by hydrogen bonds into 3D structures. Structures of 1b and 1c were found to have similar unit cells and similar crystal packing and hydrogen bonding. Introduction of the 2-methylimidazole substituent introduced disorder in the crystal structures of 2a–c. Because of the very small size of the crystals data were collected by synchrotron radiation. For the disordered 2a,2b and 2c fixed geometry was used in refining of the structures. Crystal structures of 2a–c are characterized by chains of molecules connected by hydrogen bonds of the type N–H⋅⋅⋅X, with weak π⋅⋅⋅π and van der Waals interactions between the chains. The QTAIM, RDG and NCI computational analysis of 1a and 2a–c confirmed the presence of weak attractive intermolecular interactions that can be attributed to weak N–H⋅⋅⋅X and van der Waals interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tašner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Vušak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kekez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Gabud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Viktor Pilepić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Draginja Mrvoš-Sermek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia,Corresponding author.
| | - Dubravka Matković-Čalogović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia,Corresponding author.
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12
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Mazzeo PP, Prencipe M, Feiler T, Emmerling F, Bacchi A. On the Mechanism of Cocrystal Mechanochemical Reaction via Low Melting Eutectic: A Time-Resolved In Situ Monitoring Investigation. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:4260-4267. [PMID: 35818385 PMCID: PMC9264353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry has become a sustainable and attractive cost-effective synthetic technique, largely used within the frame of crystal engineering. Cocrystals, namely, crystalline compounds made of different chemical entities within the same crystal structure, are typically synthesized in bulk via mechanochemistry; however, whereas the macroscopic aspects of grinding are becoming clear, the fundamental principles that underlie mechanochemical cocrystallization at the microscopic level remain poorly understood. Time-resolved in situ (TRIS) monitoring approaches have opened the door to exceptional detail regarding mechanochemical reactions. We here report a clear example of cocrystallization between two solid coformers that proceeds through the formation of a metastable low melting binary eutectic phase. The overall cocrystallization process has been monitored by time-resolved in situ (TRIS) synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction with a customized ball milling setup, currently available at μSpot beamline at BESSY-II, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. The binary system and the low melting eutectic phase were further characterized via DSC, HSM, and VT-XRPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo P. Mazzeo
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Email
| | - Michele Prencipe
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Torvid Feiler
- BAM
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessia Bacchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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13
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Shi T, Hussain S, Ge C, Liu G, Wang M, Qiao G. ZIF-X (8, 67) based nanostructures for gas-sensing applications. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2021-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 are the most investigated zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) materials that have aroused enormous scientific interests in numerous areas of application including electrochemistry, gas storage, separation, and sensors by reason of their fascinating structural properties. Recently, there is a rapidly growing demand for chemical gas sensors for the detection of various analytes in widespread applications including environmental pollution monitoring, clinical analysis, wastewater analysis, industrial applications, food quality, consumer products, and automobiles. In general, the key to the development of superior gas sensors is exploring innovative sensing materials. ZIF-X (8, 67) based nanostructures have demonstrated great potential as ideal sensing materials for high-performance sensing applications. In this review, the general properties and applications of ZIF-X (8, 67) including gas storage and gas adsorption are first summarized, and then the recent progress of ZIF-X (8, 67) based nanostructures for gas-sensing applications and the structure-property correlations are summarized and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Shahid Hussain
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Chuanxin Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Guiwu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Mingsong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Guanjun Qiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi’an Jiaotong University , Xi’an 710049 , China
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14
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Michalchuk AAL, Emmerling F. Time-Resolved In Situ Monitoring of Mechanochemical Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117270. [PMID: 35128778 PMCID: PMC9400867 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochemical transformations offer environmentally benign synthesis routes, whilst enhancing both the speed and selectivity of reactions. In this regard, mechanochemistry promises to transform the way in which chemistry is done in both academia and industry but is greatly hindered by a current lack of mechanistic understanding. The continued development and use of time-resolved in situ (TRIS) approaches to monitor mechanochemical reactions provides a new dimension to elucidate these fascinating transformations. We here discuss recent trends in method development that have pushed the boundaries of mechanochemical research. New features of mechanochemical reactions obtained by TRIS techniques are subsequently discussed, which sheds light on how different TRIS approaches have been used. Emphasis is placed on the strength of combining complementary techniques. Finally, we outline our views on the potential of TRIS methods in mechanochemical research, towards establishing a new, environmentally benign paradigm in the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A. L. Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and TestingRichard-Willstätter-Strasse1112489BerlinGermany
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Strasse 212489BerlinGermany
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15
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Smalley CJH, Hoskyns HE, Hughes CE, Johnstone DN, Willhammar T, Young MT, Pickard CJ, Logsdail AJ, Midgley PA, Harris KDM. A structure determination protocol based on combined analysis of 3D-ED data, powder XRD data, solid-state NMR data and DFT-D calculations reveals the structure of a new polymorph of l-tyrosine. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5277-5288. [PMID: 35655549 PMCID: PMC9093151 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06467c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the crystal structure of a new polymorph of l-tyrosine (denoted the β polymorph), prepared by crystallization from the gas phase following vacuum sublimation. Structure determination was carried out by combined analysis of three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D-ED) data and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. Specifically, 3D-ED data were required for reliable unit cell determination and space group assignment, with structure solution carried out independently from both 3D-ED data and powder XRD data, using the direct-space strategy for structure solution implemented using a genetic algorithm. Structure refinement was carried out both from powder XRD data, using the Rietveld profile refinement technique, and from 3D-ED data. The final refined structure was validated both by periodic DFT-D calculations, which confirm that the structure corresponds to an energy minimum on the energy landscape, and by the fact that the values of isotropic 13C NMR chemical shifts calculated for the crystal structure using DFT-D methodology are in good agreement with the experimental high-resolution solid-state 13C NMR spectrum. Based on DFT-D calculations using the PBE0-MBD method, the β polymorph is meta-stable with respect to the previously reported crystal structure of l-tyrosine (now denoted the α polymorph). Crystal structure prediction calculations using the AIRSS approach suggest that there are three other plausible crystalline polymorphs of l-tyrosine, with higher energy than the α and β polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harriet E Hoskyns
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Duncan N Johnstone
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS England UK
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mark T Young
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AX Wales UK
| | - Christopher J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS England UK.,Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Paul A Midgley
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS England UK
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
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16
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Lukin S, Germann LS, Friščić T, Halasz I. Toward Mechanistic Understanding of Mechanochemical Reactions Using Real-Time In Situ Monitoring. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1262-1277. [PMID: 35446551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed a rapid emergence of interest in mechanochemistry-chemical and materials reactivity achieved or sustained by the action of mechanical force-which has led to application of mechanochemistry to almost all areas of modern chemical and materials synthesis: from organic, inorganic, and organometallic chemistry to enzymatic reactions, formation of metal-organic frameworks, hybrid perovskites, and nanoparticle-based materials. The recent success of mechanochemistry by ball milling has also raised questions about the underlying mechanisms and has led to the realization that the rational development and effective harnessing of mechanochemical reactivity for cleaner and more efficient chemical manufacturing will critically depend on establishing a mechanistic understanding of these reactions. Despite their long history, the development of such a knowledge framework for mechanochemical reactions is still incomplete. This is in part due to the, until recently, unsurmountable challenge of directly observing transformations taking place in a rapidly oscillating or rotating milling vessel, with the sample being under the continuous impact of milling media. A transformative change in mechanistic studies of milling reactions was recently introduced through the first two methodologies for real-time in situ monitoring based on synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Introduced in 2013 and 2014, the two new techniques have inspired a period of tremendous method development, resulting also in new techniques for mechanistic mechanochemical studies that are based on temperature and/or pressure monitoring, extended X-ray fine structure (EXAFS), and, latest, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The new technologies available for real-time monitoring have now inspired the development of experimental strategies and advanced data analysis approaches for the identification and quantification of short-lived reaction intermediates, the development of new mechanistic models, as well as the emergence of more complex monitoring methodologies based on two or three simultaneous monitoring approaches. The use of these new opportunities has, in less than a decade, enabled the first real-time observations of mechanochemical reaction kinetics and the first studies of how the presence of additives, or other means of modifying the mechanochemical reaction, influence reaction rates and pathways. These studies have revealed multistep reaction mechanisms, enabled the identification of autocatalysis, as well as identified molecules and materials that have previously not been known or have even been considered not possible to synthesize through conventional approaches. Mechanistic studies through in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Raman spectroscopy have highlighted the formation of supramolecular complexes (for example, cocrystals) as critical intermediates in organic and metal-organic synthesis and have also been combined with isotope labeling strategies to provide a deeper insight into mechanochemical reaction mechanisms and atomic and molecular dynamics under milling conditions. This Account provides an overview of this exciting, rapidly evolving field by presenting the development and concepts behind the new methodologies for real-time in situ monitoring of mechanochemical reactions, outlining key advances in mechanistic understanding of mechanochemistry, and presenting selected studies important for pushing forward the boundaries of measurement techniques, data analysis, and mapping of reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stipe Lukin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luzia S. Germann
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada
| | - Ivan Halasz
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Leszczyński M, Kornacki D, Terlecki M, Justyniak I, Miletić GI, Halasz I, Bernatowicz P, Szejko V, Lewiński J. Mechanochemical vs Wet Approach for Directing CO 2 Capture toward Various Carbonate and Bicarbonate Networks. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:4374-4380. [PMID: 35433136 PMCID: PMC9006257 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c08402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The distinct research areas related to CO2 capture and mechanochemistry are both highly attractive in the context of green chemistry. However, merger of these two areas, i.e., mechanochemical CO2 capture, is still in an early stage of development. Here, the application of biguanidine as an active species for CO2 capture is investigated using both solution-based and liquid-assisted mechanochemical approaches, which lead to a variety of biguanidinium carbonate and bicarbonate hydrogen-bonded networks. We demonstrate that in solution, the formation of the carbonate vs bicarbonate networks can be directed by the organic solvent, while, remarkably, in the liquid-assisted mechanochemical synthesis employing the same solvents as additives, the selectivity in network formation is inversed. In general, our findings support the view of mechanochemistry not only as a sustainable alternative but rather as a complementary strategy to solution-based synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał
K. Leszczyński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Kornacki
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Terlecki
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Justyniak
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ivan Halasz
- Ruđ̵er
Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Piotr Bernatowicz
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vadim Szejko
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Michalchuk AAL, Emmerling F. Zeitaufgelöste In‐Situ‐Untersuchungen von mechanochemischen Reaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam A. L. Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
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19
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Gugin N, Villajos JA, Feldmann I, Emmerling F. Mix and wait - a relaxed way for synthesizing ZIF-8. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8940-8944. [PMID: 35424869 PMCID: PMC8985132 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00740a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) by an easy "mix and wait" procedure. In a closed vial, without any interference, the mixture of 2-methylimidazole and basic zinc carbonate assembles into the crystalline product with approx. 90% conversion after 70 h. The reaction exhibits sigmoidal kinetics due to the self-generated water which accelerates the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gugin
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany .,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Jose A Villajos
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Ines Feldmann
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany .,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 12489 Berlin Germany
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20
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Pfennig VS, Villella RC, Nikodemus J, Bolm C. Mechanochemical Grignard Reactions with Gaseous CO
2
and Sodium Methyl Carbonate**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Pfennig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Romina C. Villella
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Julia Nikodemus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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21
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Jia W, Li X, Zhi X, Zhong R. Mechanochemical synthesis of half‐sandwich iridium/rhodium complexes with 8‐hydroxyquinoline derivatives ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Guo Jia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
| | - Xue‐Ting Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu China
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22
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Shahsavari M, Mohammadzadeh Jahani P, Sheikhshoaie I, Tajik S, Aghaei Afshar A, Askari MB, Salarizadeh P, Di Bartolomeo A, Beitollahi H. Green Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks: A Review of Their Characterization and Industrial and Medical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:447. [PMID: 35057165 PMCID: PMC8779251 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal organic frameworks (MOF) are a class of hybrid networks of supramolecular solid materials comprising a large number of inorganic and organic linkers, all bound to metal ions in a well-organized fashion. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a sub-group of MOFs with imidazole as an organic linker to metals; it is rich in carbon, nitrogen, and transition metals. ZIFs combine the classical zeolite characteristics of thermal and chemical stability with pore-size tunability and the rich topological diversity of MOFs. Due to the energy crisis and the existence of organic solvents that lead to environmental hazards, considerable research efforts have been devoted to devising clean and sustainable synthesis routes for ZIFs to reduce the environmental impact of their preparation. Green chemistry is the key to sustainable development, as it will lead to new solutions to existing problems. Moreover, it will present opportunities for new processes and products and, at its heart, is scientific and technological innovation. The green chemistry approach seeks to redesign the materials that make up the basis of our society and our economy, including the materials that generate, store, and transport our energy, in ways that are benign for humans and the environment and that possess intrinsic sustainability. This study covers the principles of green chemistry as used in designing strategies for synthesizing greener, less toxic ZIFs the consume less energy to produce. First, the necessity of green methods in today's society, their replacement of the usual non-green methods and their benefits are discussed; then, various methods for the green synthesis of ZIF compounds, such as hydrothermally, ionothermally, and by the electrospray technique, are considered. These methods use the least harmful and toxic substances, especially concerning organic solvents, and are also more economical. When a compound is synthesized by a green method, a question arises as to whether these compounds can replace the same compounds as synthesized by non-green methods. For example, is the thermal stability of these compounds (which is one of the most important features of ZIFs) preserved? Therefore, after studying the methods of identifying these compounds, in the last part, there is an in-depth discussion on the various applications of these green-synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran; (M.S.); (I.S.)
| | | | - Iran Sheikhshoaie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran; (M.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (S.T.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Abbas Aghaei Afshar
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (S.T.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Bagher Askari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht 4199613776, Iran;
| | - Parisa Salarizadeh
- High-Temperature Fuel Cell Research Department, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran;
| | - Antonio Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Physics “E. R. Caianiello” and “Interdepartmental Center NANOMATES”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
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23
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Smalley CH, Logsdail AJ, Hughes CE, Iuga D, Young MT, Harris KDM. Solid-State Structural Properties of Alloxazine Determined from Powder XRD Data in Conjunction with DFT-D Calculations and Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Unraveling the Tautomeric Identity and Pathways for Tautomeric Interconversion. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:524-534. [PMID: 35024003 PMCID: PMC8739831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the solid-state structural properties of alloxazine, a tricyclic ring system found in many biologically important molecules, with structure determination carried out directly from powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. As the crystal structures containing the alloxazine and isoalloxazine tautomers both give a high-quality fit to the powder XRD data in Rietveld refinement, other techniques are required to establish the tautomeric form in the solid state. In particular, high-resolution solid-state 15N NMR data support the presence of the alloxazine tautomer, based on comparison between isotropic chemical shifts in the experimental 15N NMR spectrum and the corresponding values calculated for the crystal structures containing the alloxazine and isoalloxazine tautomers. Furthermore, periodic DFT-D calculations at the PBE0-MBD level indicate that the crystal structure containing the alloxazine tautomer has significantly lower energy. We also report computational investigations of the interconversion between the tautomeric forms in the crystal structure via proton transfer along two intermolecular N-H···N hydrogen bonds; DFT-D calculations at the PBE0-MBD level indicate that the tautomeric interconversion is associated with a lower energy transition state for a mechanism involving concerted (rather than sequential) proton transfer along the two hydrogen bonds. However, based on the relative energies of the crystal structures containing the alloxazine and isoalloxazine tautomers, it is estimated that under conditions of thermal equilibrium at ambient temperature, more than 99.9% of the molecules in the crystal structure will exist as the alloxazine tautomer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J. Logsdail
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Colan E. Hughes
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales,
United Kingdom
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, England, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T. Young
- School
of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth D. M. Harris
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales,
United Kingdom
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24
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Kunde T, Pausch T, Guńka PA, Krzyżanowski M, Kasprzak A, Schmidt BM. Fast, solvent-free synthesis of Ferrocene-containing Organic Cages via dynamic covalent chemistry in the solid state. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2877-2883. [PMID: 35382473 PMCID: PMC8905640 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06372c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, solvent-free synthetic protocol towards the synthesis of organic self-assembled macromolecules has been established. By employing mechanochemistry using glassware readily available to every organic chemist, we were able to...
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Kunde
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany http://www.bmschmidtlab.de
| | - Tobias Pausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany http://www.bmschmidtlab.de
| | - Piotr A Guńka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego Str. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maurycy Krzyżanowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego Str. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Artur Kasprzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego Str. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany http://www.bmschmidtlab.de
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25
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Pfennig V, Villella R, Nikodemus J, Bolm C. Mechanochemical Grignard Reactions with Gaseous CO2 and Sodium Methyl Carbonate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202116514. [PMID: 34942056 PMCID: PMC9306648 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot three-step protocol for the preparation of Grignard reagents from organobromides in a ball mill and their subsequent reactions with gaseous carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or sodium methyl carbonate providing aryl and alkyl carboxylic acids in up to 82% yield is reported. Noteworthy are the short reaction times and the significantly reduced solvent amounts [2.0 equiv. for liquid assisted grinding (LAG) conditions]. Unexpectedly, aryl bromides with methoxy substituents lead to symmetric ketones as major products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Pfennig
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Romina Villella
- RWTH Aachen University: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Julia Nikodemus
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Carsten Bolm
- RWTH Aachen, Institut f�r Organische Chemie, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, GERMANY
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26
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Di Santo G, Miletić T, Schwendt M, Zhou Y, Kariuki BM, Harris KDM, Floreano L, Goldoni A, Puschnig P, Petaccia L, Bonifazi D. Orbital Mapping of Semiconducting Perylenes on Cu(111). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:24477-24486. [PMID: 34795810 PMCID: PMC8592032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c05575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting O-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons constitute a class of molecules whose optoelectronic properties can be tailored by acting on the π-extension of the carbon-based frameworks and on the oxygen linkages. Although much is known about their photophysical and electrochemical properties in solution, their self-assembly interfacial behavior on solid substrates has remained unexplored so far. In this paper, we have focused our attention on the on-surface self-assembly of O-doped bi-perylene derivatives. Their ability to assemble in ordered networks on Cu(111) single-crystalline surfaces allowed a combination of structural, morphological, and spectroscopic studies. In particular, the exploitation of the orbital mapping methodology based on angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, with the support of scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction, allowed the identification of both the electronic structure of the adsorbates and their geometric arrangement. Our multi-technique experimental investigation includes the structure determination from powder X-ray diffraction data for a specific compound and demonstrates that the electronic structure of such large molecular self-assembled networks can be studied using the reconstruction methods of molecular orbitals from photoemission data even in the presence of segregated chiral domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Santo
- Elettra Sincrotrone
Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste,
Italy
| | - Tanja Miletić
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, U.K.
| | - Mathias Schwendt
- Institute of Physics, University of
Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Yating Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, U.K.
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, U.K.
| | | | - Luca Floreano
- CNR-IOM Laboratory, TASC in
Area Science Park, s.s. 14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Goldoni
- Elettra Sincrotrone
Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste,
Italy
| | - Peter Puschnig
- Institute of Physics, University of
Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Luca Petaccia
- Elettra Sincrotrone
Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste,
Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, U.K.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna,
Austria
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27
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Kukkar P, Kim KH, Kukkar D, Singh P. Recent advances in the synthesis techniques for zeolitic imidazolate frameworks and their sensing applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Nicholson WI, Howard JL, Magri G, Seastram AC, Khan A, Bolt RRA, Morrill LC, Richards E, Browne DL. Ball-Milling-Enabled Reactivity of Manganese Metal*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23128-23133. [PMID: 34405513 PMCID: PMC8596600 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to generate organomanganese reagents under ball-milling conditions have led to the serendipitous discovery that manganese metal can mediate the reductive dimerization of arylidene malonates. The newly uncovered process has been optimized and its mechanism explored using CV measurements, radical trapping experiments, EPR spectroscopy, and solution control reactions. This unique reactivity can also be translated to solution whereupon pre-milling of the manganese is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph L. Howard
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Giuseppina Magri
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Alex C. Seastram
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Adam Khan
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Robert R. A. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29–39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Emma Richards
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistryUniversity College London (UCL)School of Pharmacy29–39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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29
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Nicholson WI, Howard JL, Magri G, Seastram AC, Khan A, Bolt RRA, Morrill LC, Richards E, Browne DL. Ball‐Milling‐Enabled Reactivity of Manganese Metal**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William I. Nicholson
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Joseph L. Howard
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Giuseppina Magri
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Alex C. Seastram
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Adam Khan
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Robert R. A. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX UK
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30
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Crickmore TS, Sana HB, Mitchell H, Clark M, Bradshaw D. Toward sustainable syntheses of Ca-based MOFs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10592-10595. [PMID: 34559869 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04032d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of benign and green precursors, including waste chicken eggshells and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) from recycled plastic bottles, for the facile synthesis of a variety of calcium-based metal-organic frameworks (Ca-MOFs), using water based and mechanochemical synthesis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom S Crickmore
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Haamidah Begum Sana
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Hannah Mitchell
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Molly Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Darren Bradshaw
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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31
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Lukin S, Užarević K, Halasz I. Raman spectroscopy for real-time and in situ monitoring of mechanochemical milling reactions. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:3492-3521. [PMID: 34089023 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state milling has emerged as an alternative, sustainable approach for preparing virtually all classes of compounds and materials. In situ reaction monitoring is essential to understanding the kinetics and mechanisms of these reactions, but it has proved difficult to use standard analytical techniques to analyze the contents of the closed, rapidly moving reaction chamber (jar). Monitoring by Raman spectroscopy is an attractive choice, because it allows uninterrupted data collection from the outside of a translucent milling jar. It complements the already established in situ monitoring based on powder X-ray diffraction, which has limited accessibility to the wider research community, because it requires a synchrotron X-ray source. The Raman spectroscopy monitoring setup used in this protocol consists of an affordable, small portable spectrometer, a laser source and a Raman probe. Translucent reaction jars, most commonly made from a plastic material, enable interaction of the laser beam with the solid sample residing inside the closed reaction jar and collection of Raman-scattered photons while the ball mill is in operation. Acquired Raman spectra are analyzed using commercial or open-source software for data analysis (e.g., MATLAB, Octave, Python, R). Plotting the Raman spectra versus time enables qualitative analysis of reaction paths. This is demonstrated for an example reaction: the formation in the solid state of a cocrystal between nicotinamide and salicylic acid. A more rigorous data analysis can be achieved using multivariate analysis.
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32
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Ardila-Fierro KJ, Hernández JG. Sustainability Assessment of Mechanochemistry by Using the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2145-2162. [PMID: 33835716 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, mechanochemistry has been growing into a widely accepted alternative for chemical synthesis. In addition to their efficiency and practicality, mechanochemical reactions are also recognized for their sustainability. The association between mechanochemistry and Green Chemistry often originates from the solvent-free nature of most mechanochemical protocols, which can reduce waste production. However, mechanochemistry satisfies more than one of the Principles of Green Chemistry. In this Review we will present a series of examples that will clearly illustrate how mechanochemistry can significantly contribute to the fulfillment of Green Chemistry in a more holistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Ardila-Fierro
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - José G Hernández
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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33
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Recent advances in metal-organic frameworks/membranes for adsorption and removal of metal ions. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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34
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Novendra N, Marrett JM, Katsenis AD, Titi HM, Arhangelskis M, Friščić T, Navrotsky A. Linker Substituents Control the Thermodynamic Stability in Metal–Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21720-21729. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Novendra Novendra
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Joseph M. Marrett
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Hatem M. Titi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Street, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences and Center for Materials of the Universe, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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35
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Sun T, Hughes CE, Guo L, Wei L, Harris KDM, Zhang Y, Ma Y. Direct‐Space Structure Determination of Covalent Organic Frameworks from 3D Electron Diffraction Data. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | | | - Linshuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Kenneth D. M. Harris
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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36
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Haas M, Lamour S, Christ SB, Trapp O. Mineral-mediated carbohydrate synthesis by mechanical forces in a primordial geochemical setting. Commun Chem 2020; 3:140. [PMID: 36703456 PMCID: PMC9814773 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of carbohydrates represents an essential step to provide building blocks and a source of chemical energy in several models for the emergence of life. Formaldehyde, glycolaldehyde and a basic catalyst are the initial components forming a variety of sugar molecules in the cascade-type multi-step formose reaction. While numerous side reactions and even deterioration can be observed in aqueous media, selective prebiotic sugar formation is feasible in solid-state, mechanochemical reactions and might have occurred in early geochemistry. However, the precise role of different basic catalysts and the influence of the atmospheric conditions in the solid-state formose reaction remain unknown. Here we show, that in a primordial scenario the mechanochemical formose reaction is capable to form monosaccharides with a broad variety of mineral classes as catalysts with only minute amounts of side products such as lactic acid or methanol, independent of the atmospheric conditions. The results give insight into recent findings of formose sugars on meteorites and offer a water-free and robust pathway for monosaccharides independent of the external conditions both for the early Earth or an extra-terrestrial setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Haas
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany ,grid.429508.20000 0004 0491 677XMax-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Lamour
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Babette Christ
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany ,grid.429508.20000 0004 0491 677XMax-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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37
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Sun T, Hughes CE, Guo L, Wei L, Harris KDM, Zhang YB, Ma Y. Direct-Space Structure Determination of Covalent Organic Frameworks from 3D Electron Diffraction Data. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22638-22644. [PMID: 32885575 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Structure determination of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with atomic precision is a bottleneck that hinders the development of COF chemistry. Although three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D-ED) data has been used to solve structures of sub-micrometer-sized COFs, successful structure solution is not guaranteed as the data resolution is usually low. We demonstrate that the direct-space strategy for structure solution, implemented using a genetic algorithm (GA), is a successful approach for structure determination of COF-300 from 3D-ED data. Structural models with different geometric constraints were considered in the GA calculations, with successful structure solution achieved from room-temperature 3D-ED data with a resolution as low as ca. 3.78 Å. The generality of this strategy was further verified for different phases of COF-300. This study demonstrates a viable strategy for structure solution of COF materials from 3D-ED data of limited resolution, which may facilitate the discovery of new COF materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Linshuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
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38
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Green synthesis of metal–organic frameworks: A state-of-the-art review of potential environmental and medical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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39
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Lukin S, Stolar T, Lončarić I, Milanović I, Biliškov N, di Michiel M, Friščić T, Halasz I. Mechanochemical Metathesis between AgNO 3 and NaX (X = Cl, Br, I) and Ag 2XNO 3 Double-Salt Formation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12200-12208. [PMID: 32806016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe real-time, in situ monitoring of mechanochemical solid-state metathesis between silver nitrate and the entire series of sodium halides, on the basis of tandem powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy monitoring. The mechanistic monitoring reveals that reactions of AgNO3 with NaX (X = Cl, Br, I) differ in reaction paths, with only the reaction with NaBr providing the NaNO3 and AgX products directly. The reaction with NaI revealed the presence of a novel, short-lived intermediate phase, while the reaction with NaCl progressed the slowest through the well-defined Ag2ClNO3 intermediate double salt. While the corresponding iodide and bromide double salts were not observed as intermediates, all three are readily prepared as pure compounds by milling equimolar mixtures of AgX and AgNO3. The in situ observation of reactive intermediates in these simple metathesis reactions reveals a surprising resemblance of reactions involving purely ionic components to those of molecular organic solids and cocrystals. This study demonstrates the potential of in situ reaction monitoring for mechanochemical reactions of ionic compounds as well as completes the application of these techniques to all major compound classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stipe Lukin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Stolar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivor Lončarić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Milanović
- Department of Physics (010), Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Biliškov
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marco di Michiel
- ESRF-the European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada
| | - Ivan Halasz
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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40
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Titi HM, Do JL, Howarth AJ, Nagapudi K, Friščić T. Simple, scalable mechanosynthesis of metal-organic frameworks using liquid-assisted resonant acoustic mixing (LA-RAM). Chem Sci 2020; 11:7578-7584. [PMID: 34094134 PMCID: PMC8159441 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a rapid and readily scalable methodology for the mechanosynthesis of diverse metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the absence of milling media typically required for other types of mechanochemical syntheses. We demonstrate the use of liquid-assisted resonant acoustic mixing (LA-RAM) methodology for the synthesis of three- and two-dimensional MOFs based on Zn(ii), Co(ii) and Cu(ii), including a mixed ligand system. Importantly, the LA-RAM approach also allowed the synthesis of the ZIF-L framework that has never been previously obtained in a mechanochemical environment, as well as its Co(ii) analogue. Straightforward scale-up from milligrams to at least 25 grams is demonstrated using the metastable framework ZIF-L as the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem M Titi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Do
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Ashlee J Howarth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | | | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
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41
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Brekalo I, Deliz DE, Kane CM, Friščić T, Holman KT. Exploring the Scope of Macrocyclic "Shoe-last" Templates in the Mechanochemical Synthesis of RHO Topology Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs). Molecules 2020; 25:E633. [PMID: 32024141 PMCID: PMC7037713 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrocyclic cavitand MeMeCH2 is used as a template for the mechanochemical synthesis of 0.2MeMeCH2@RHO-Zn16(Cl2Im)32 (0.2MeMeCH2@ZIF-71) and RHO-ZnBIm2 (ZIF-11) zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). It is shown that MeMeCH2 significantly accelerates the mechanochemical synthesis, providing high porosity products (BET surface areas of 1140 m2/g and 869 m2/g, respectively). Templation of RHO-topology ZIF frameworks constructed of linkers larger than benzimidazole (HBIm) was unsuccessful. It is also shown that cavitands other than MeMeCH2-namely MeHCH2, MeiBuCH2, HPhCH2, MePhCH2, BrPhCH2, BrC5CH2-can serve as effective templates for the synthesis of x(cavitand)@RHO-ZnIm2 products. The limitations on cavitand size and shape are explored in terms of their effectiveness as templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Brekalo
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (I.B.); (D.E.D.); (C.M.K.)
| | - David E. Deliz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (I.B.); (D.E.D.); (C.M.K.)
| | - Christopher M. Kane
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (I.B.); (D.E.D.); (C.M.K.)
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - K. Travis Holman
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (I.B.); (D.E.D.); (C.M.K.)
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42
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Martí-Rujas J. Structural elucidation of microcrystalline MOFs from powder X-ray diffraction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13897-13916. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio powder XRD structure solution and MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martí-Rujas
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica. “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milan
- Italy
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