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Janićijević Ž, Huang T, Bojórquez DIS, Tonmoy TH, Pané S, Makarov D, Baraban L. Design and Development of Transient Sensing Devices for Healthcare Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307232. [PMID: 38484201 PMCID: PMC11132064 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
With the ever-growing requirements in the healthcare sector aimed at personalized diagnostics and treatment, continuous and real-time monitoring of relevant parameters is gaining significant traction. In many applications, health status monitoring may be carried out by dedicated wearable or implantable sensing devices only within a defined period and followed by sensor removal without additional risks for the patient. At the same time, disposal of the increasing number of conventional portable electronic devices with short life cycles raises serious environmental concerns due to the dangerous accumulation of electronic and chemical waste. An attractive solution to address these complex and contradictory demands is offered by biodegradable sensing devices. Such devices may be able to perform required tests within a programmed period and then disappear by safe resorption in the body or harmless degradation in the environment. This work critically assesses the design and development concepts related to biodegradable and bioresorbable sensors for healthcare applications. Different aspects are comprehensively addressed, from fundamental material properties and sensing principles to application-tailored designs, fabrication techniques, and device implementations. The emerging approaches spanning the last 5 years are emphasized and a broad insight into the most important challenges and future perspectives of biodegradable sensors in healthcare are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Željko Janićijević
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | | | - Taufhik Hossain Tonmoy
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi‐Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL)Institute of Robotics & Intelligent Systems (IRIS)ETH ZürichZürich8092Switzerland
| | - Denys Makarov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf e. V.01328DresdenGermany
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Manoharan AK, Batcha MIK, Mahalingam S, Raj B, Kim J. Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1706-1734. [PMID: 38563358 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of advanced technologies for the fabrication of functional nanomaterials, nanostructures, and devices has facilitated the development of biosensors for analyses. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, with unique hierarchical structures, a high surface area, and the ability to be functionalized for target detection at the surface, exhibit high potential for biosensing applications. The electronic properties, mechanical flexibility, and optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of 2D nanomaterials can be easily modulated, enabling the construction of biosensing platforms for the detection of various analytes with targeted recognition, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in 2D nanomaterials and nanostructures used for biosensor and wearable-sensor development for healthcare and health-monitoring applications. Finally, the advantages of 2D-nanomaterial-based devices and several challenges in their optimal operation have been discussed to facilitate the development of smart high-performance biosensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Manoharan
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Bengaluru 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Ismail Kamal Batcha
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Mahalingam
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Balwinder Raj
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab 144011, India
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Chen YF, Lu MC, Lee CJ, Chiu CW. Flexible nanohybrid substrates utilizing gold nanocubes/nano mica platelets with 3D lightning-rod effect for highly efficient bacterial biosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3226-3239. [PMID: 38451239 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02897f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, gold nanocubes (AuNCs) were quickly synthesized using the seed-mediated growth method and reduced onto the surface of two-dimensional (2D) delaminated nano mica platelets (NMPs), enabling the development of AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids with a 3D lightning-rod effect. First, the growth-solution amount can be changed to easily adjust the AuNCs average-particle size within a range of 30-70 nm. The use of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride as a protective agent allowed the surface of AuNCs and nanohybrids to be positively charged. Positively charged nanohybrid surfaces presented a good adsorption effect for detecting molecules with negative charges on the surface. Additionally, the NMP surfaces were rich in ionic charges and provided a large specific surface area for stabilizing the growth of AuNCs. Delaminated AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids can generate a 3D hotspot effect through self-assembly to enhance the Raman signal. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is highly sensitive in detecting adenine biomolecules. Its limit of detection (LOD) and Raman enhancement factor reached 10-9 M and 3.6 × 108, respectively. Excellent reproducibility was obtained owing to the relatively regular arrangement of AuNC particles, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 10.7%. Finally, the surface of NMPs was modified by adding the hydrophilic poly(oxyethylene)-diamine (POE2000) and amphiphilic PIB-POE-PIB copolymer at different weight ratios. The adjustment of the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of AuNCs/NMPs nanohybrids led to better adsorption and selectivity for bacteria. AuNCs/POE/NMPs and AuNCs/PIB-POE-PIB/NMPs were further applied to the SERS detection of hydrophilic Staphylococcus aureus and hydrophobic Escherichia coli, respectively. The SERS-detection results suggest that the LOD of hydrophilic Staphylococcus aureus and hydrophobic Escherichia coli reached 92 CFU mL-1 and 1.6 × 102 CFU mL-1, respectively. The AuNCs/POE/NMPs and AuNCs/PIB-POE-PIB/NMPs nanohybrids had different hydrophilic-hydrophobic affinities, which greatly improved the selectivity and sensitivity for detecting bacteria with different hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Therefore, fast, highly selective, and highly sensitive SERS biological-detection results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Feng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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Lee S, M Silva S, Caballero Aguilar LM, Eom T, Moulton SE, Shim BS. Biodegradable bioelectronics for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8575-8595. [PMID: 36214325 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01475k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been widely used in tissue engineering with the potential to be replaced by regenerative tissue. While conventional bionic interfaces are designed to be implanted in living tissue and organs permanently, biocompatible and biodegradable electronic materials are now progressing a paradigm shift towards transient and regenerative bionic engineering. For example, biodegradable bioelectronics can monitor physiologies in a body, transiently rehabilitate disease symptoms, and seamlessly form regenerative interfaces from synthetic electronic devices to tissues by reducing inflammatory foreign-body responses. Conventional electronic materials have not readily been considered biodegradable. However, several strategies have been adopted for designing electroactive and biodegradable materials systems: (1) conductive materials blended with biodegradable components, (2) molecularly engineered conjugated polymers with biodegradable moieties, (3) naturally derived conjugated biopolymers, and (4) aqueously dissolvable metals with encapsulating layers. In this review, we endeavor to present the technical bridges from electrically active and biodegradable material systems to edible and biodegradable electronics as well as transient bioelectronics with pre-clinical bio-instrumental applications, including biodegradable sensors, neural and tissue engineering, and intelligent drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeon Lee
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero Aguilar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Taesik Eom
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Bong Sup Shim
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Prooxidant, antioxidant and biological activity of nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide, silver, copper and their combinations. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Choi JH, Choi M, Kang T, Ho TS, Choi SH, Byun KM. Combination of Porous Silk Fibroin Substrate and Gold Nanocracks as a Novel SERS Platform for a High-Sensitivity Biosensor. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:441. [PMID: 34821657 PMCID: PMC8615832 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel concepts for developing a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor based on biocompatible materials offer great potential in versatile applications, including wearable and in vivo monitoring of target analytes. Here, we report a highly sensitive SERS sensor consisting of a biocompatible silk fibroin substrate with a high porosity and gold nanocracks. Our silk-based SERS detection takes advantage of strong local field enhancement in the nanoscale crack regions induced by gold nanostructures evaporated on a porous silk substrate. The SERS performance of the proposed sensor is evaluated in terms of detection limit, sensitivity, and linearity. Compared to the performance of a counterpart SERS sensor with a thin gold film, SERS results using 4-ABT analytes present that a significant improvement in the detection limit and sensitivity by more than 4 times, and a good linearity and a wide dynamic range is achieved. More interestingly, overlap is integral, and a quantitative measure of the local field enhancement is highly consistent with the experimental SERS enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
- Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
| | - Munsik Choi
- Medical Device R&D Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13695, Korea;
| | - Taeyoung Kang
- Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
| | - Tien Son Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea;
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju 26493, Korea;
| | - Kyung Min Byun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
- Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
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Kim J, Lee Y, Kang M, Hu L, Zhao S, Ahn JH. 2D Materials for Skin-Mountable Electronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005858. [PMID: 33998064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin-mountable devices that can directly measure various biosignals and external stimuli and communicate the information to the users have been actively studied owing to increasing demand for wearable electronics and newer healthcare systems. Research on skin-mountable devices is mainly focused on those materials and mechanical design aspects that satisfy the device fabrication requirements on unusual substrates like skin and also for achieving good sensing capabilities and stable device operation in high-strain conditions. 2D materials that are atomically thin and possess unique electrical and optical properties offer several important features that can address the challenging needs in wearable, skin-mountable electronic devices. Herein, recent research progress on skin-mountable devices based on 2D materials that exhibit a variety of device functions including information input and output and in vitro and in vivo healthcare and diagnosis is reviewed. The challenges, potential solutions, and perspectives on trends for future work are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jejung Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minpyo Kang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Luhing Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Songfang Zhao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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Xu S, Zhong Y, Nie C, Pan Y, Adeli M, Haag R. Co-Delivery of Doxorubicin and Chloroquine by Polyglycerol Functionalized MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100233. [PMID: 34411417 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
2D MoS2 has shown a great potential in biomedical applications, due to its superior loading capacity, photothermal property, and biodegradation. In this work, polyglycerol functionalized MoS2 nanosheets with photothermal and pH dual-stimuli responsive properties are used for the co-delivery of doxorubicin and chloroquine and treatment of multidrug-resistant HeLa (HeLa-R) cells. The polyglycerol functionalized MoS2 nanosheets with 80 nm average size show a high biocompatibility and loading efficiency (≈90%) for both drugs. The release of drugs from the nanosheets at pH 5.5 is significantly promoted by laser irradiation leading to efficient destruction of incubated HeLa-R cells. In vitro evaluation shows that the designed nanoplatform has a high ability to kill HeLa-R cells. Confocal experiments demonstrate that the synthesized drug delivery system enhances the cellular uptake of DOX via folic acid targeting ligand. Taking advantage of the combined properties including biocompatibility and targeting ability as well as high loading capacity and photothermal release, this multifunctional nanosystem is a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Xu
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Yinan Zhong
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Chuanxiong Nie
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Yuanwei Pan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
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Jacob K, Caro D, Faulmann C, Valade L. Nanoparticles of Molecular Conductors and Superconductors: Progress Over the Last Ten Years. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kane Jacob
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Dominique Caro
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | | | - Lydie Valade
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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Doganci E. Synthesis, characterization and chemical sensor applications of pyrene
side‐functional polylactide
copolymers. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Doganci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Tech Kocaeli University Kocaeli Turkey
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Cao Z, Zuo C. Direct Synthesis of Magnetic CoFe 2O 4 Nanoparticles as Recyclable Photo-Fenton Catalysts for Removing Organic Dyes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22614-22620. [PMID: 32923821 PMCID: PMC7482304 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were directly synthesized through a solution combustion method using ferric nitrate, cobalt nitrate, and glycine as raw materials. The effects of glycine on the phase composition and magnetic properties of the CoFe2O4 products were investigated. When the fuel/ferric nitrate ratio was 0.8, the obtained product was pure CoFe2O4 with an average particle size of 25 nm. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization is 77.3 emu/g, which is about 95.7% that of CoFe2O4 bulk materials at room temperature and good for recycling. The photo-Fenton catalytic properties of CoFe2O4 were investigated for assessing its efficacy in removing dyes. It could degrade the 20 ppm MB in 75 min. To improve the photo-Fenton catalytic performance, NH4HCO3 and glucose were employed as additives. Due to the pores formed by NH4HCO3 and glucose, the G-CoFe2O4 and N-CoFe2O4 could degrade the 20 ppm MB in 40 and 25 min, respectively. The results indicated that these additives can effectively improve the catalytic activity of CoFe2O4. The modified CoFe2O4 is a promising alternative recyclable photo-Fenton catalyst for removing organic dyes.
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Vishnu J, Manivasagam G. Perspectives on smart stents with sensors: From conventional permanent to novel bioabsorbable smart stent technologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mds3.10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jithin Vishnu
- Centre for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular Theranostics CBCMT Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular Theranostics CBCMT Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
- IBTN/In ‐ Indian branch of Institute of Biomaterials Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
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Donskyi IS, Chen Y, Nickl P, Guday G, Qiao H, Achazi K, Lippitz A, Unger WES, Böttcher C, Chen W, Adeli M, Haag R. Self-degrading graphene sheets for tumor therapy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14222-14229. [PMID: 32608434 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Low biodegradability of graphene derivatives and related health risks are the main limiting factors for their in vivo biomedical applications. Here, we present the synthesis of enzyme-functionalized graphene sheets with self-degrading properties under physiological conditions and their applications in tumor therapy. The synergistic enzyme cascade glucose oxidase and myeloperoxidase are covalently conjugated to the surface of graphene sheets and two-dimensional (2D) platforms are obtained that can produce sodium hypochlorite from glucose. The enzyme-functionalized graphene sheets with up to 289 nm average size are degraded into small pieces (≤40 nm) by incubation under physiological conditions for 24 h. Biodegradable graphene sheets are further loaded with doxorubicin and their ability for tumor therapy is evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The laser-triggered release of doxorubicin in combination with the enzymatic activity of the functionalized graphene sheets results in a synergistic antitumor activity. Taking advantage of their neutrophil-like activity, fast biodegradability, high photo- and chemotherapeutic effects, the novel two-dimensional nanoplatforms can be used for tumor therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgen S Donskyi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Stone Paper as a New Substrate to Fabricate Flexible Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123609. [PMID: 32604924 PMCID: PMC7349771 DOI: 10.3390/s20123609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Flexible screen-printed electrodes (HP) were fabricated on stone paper substrate and amperometrically modified with gold nanoparticles (HP-AuNPs). The modified electrode displayed improved electronic transport properties, reflected in a low charge-transfer resistance (1220 Ω) and high apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (1.94 × 10−3 cm/s). The voltammetric detection of dopamine (DA) was tested with HP and HP-AuNPs electrodes in standard laboratory solutions (pH 6 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)) containing various concentrations of analyte (10−7–10−3 M). As expected, the modified electrode exhibits superior performances in terms of linear range (10−7–10−3 M) and limit of detection (3 × 10−8 M), in comparison with bare HP. The determination of DA was tested with HP-AuNPs in spiked artificial urine and in pharmaceutical drug solution (ZENTIVA) that contained dopamine hydrochloride (5 mg/mL). The results obtained indicated a very good DA determination in artificial urine without significant matrix effects. In the case of the pharmaceutical drug solution, the DA determination was affected by the interfering species present in the vial, such as sodium metabisulfite, maleic acid, sodium chloride, and propylene glycol.
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