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Belloni A, Notarstefano V, Greco S, Pellegrino P, Giorgini E, Ciarmela P. FTIR Microspectroscopy as a new probe to study human uterine lesions: Characterization of tumor cell lines from uterine smooth muscle cells and evaluation of EPA and DHA in vitro treatments. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166873. [PMID: 37666437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
During their life, women are likely to develop uterine diseases, which often compromise their fertile and perimenopausal age. Besides benign lesions like leiomyomas, several malignant neoplasms can occur, such as the uterine leiomyosarcoma, which represents the most frequent malignancy among the rarest uterine cancers. It presents several variants similar to both benign and malignant neoplasms, and sometimes it shares symptoms with the benign counterpart. In this scenario, for a correct diagnosis and a successful prognosis, it is mandatory to detect new reliable markers which strengthen histopathological outcomes and let define a more appropriate and less harmful therapy. Based on this concerning evidence, in the present study, Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy has been exploited at a cellular level on uterine leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma cell lines to (1) identify specific spectral biomarkers able to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions, and (2) evaluate the efficacy of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (respectively EPA and DHA), already successfully tested. Results evidenced reliable differences in the spectral signature of benign and malignant cells, mainly in terms of lipids and nucleic acids composition. Moreover, even if EPA and DHA seemed to exert different effects on the tested cell lines, no cytotoxic and/or anti-apoptotic actions were observed after omega-3 based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Pamela Pellegrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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2
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Notarstefano V, Belloni A, Mariani P, Orilisi G, Orsini G, Giorgini E, Byrne HJ. Multivariate curve Resolution-Alternating least squares coupled with Raman microspectroscopy: new insights into the kinetic response of primary oral squamous carcinoma cells to cisplatin. Analyst 2023; 148:4365-4372. [PMID: 37548234 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01182h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Raman MicroSpectroscopy (RMS) is a powerful label-free tool to probe the effects of drugs at a cellular/subcellular level. It is important, however, to be able to extract relevant biochemical and kinetic spectroscopic signatures of the specific cellular responses. In the present study, a combination of Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to analyse the RMS data for the example of exposure of primary Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells (OSCC) to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Dosing regimens were established by cytotoxicity assays, and the effects of the drug on cellular spectral profiles were monitored from 16 to 72 hours post-exposure using an apoptosis assay, to establish the relative populations of viable (V), early (EA) and late apoptotic/dead (LA/D) cells after the drug treatment. Based on a kinetic model of the progression from V > EA > D, MCR-ALS regression analysis of the RMS responses was able to extract spectral profiles associated with each stage of the cellular responses, enabling a quantitative comparison of the response rates for the respective drug treatments. Moreover, PCA was used to compare the spectral profiles of the viable cells exposed to the drug. Spectral differences were highlighted in the early stages (16 hours exposure), indicative of the initial cellular response to the drug treatment, and also in the late stages (48-72 hours exposure), representing the cell death pathway. The study demonstrates that RMS coupled with multivariate analysis can be used to quantitatively monitor the progression of cellular responses to different drugs, towards future applications for label-free, in vitro, pre-clinical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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Duan M, Li Y, Zhang F, Huang Q. Assessing B-Z DNA Transitions in Solutions via Infrared Spectroscopy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:964. [PMID: 37371544 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Z-DNA refers to the left-handed double-helix DNA that has attracted much attention because of its association with some specific biological functions. However, because of its low content and unstable conformation, Z-DNA is normally difficult to observe or identify. Up to now, there has been a lack of unified or standard analytical methods among diverse techniques for probing Z-DNA and its transformation conveniently. In this work, NaCl, MgCl2, and ethanol were utilized to induce d(GC)8 from B-DNA to Z-DNA in vitro, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to monitor the transformation of Z-DNA under different induction conditions. The structural changes during the transformation process were carefully examined, and the DNA chirality alterations were validated by the circular dichroism (CD) measurements. The Z-DNA characteristic signals in the 1450 cm-1-900 cm-1 region of the d(GC)8 infrared (IR) spectrum were observed, which include the peaks at 1320 cm-1, 1125 cm-1 and 925 cm-1, respectively. The intensity ratios of A1320/A970, A1125/A970, and A925/A970 increased with Z-DNA content in the transition process. Furthermore, compared with the CD spectra, the IR spectra showed higher sensitivity to Z-DNA, providing more information about the molecular structure change of DNA. Therefore, this study has established a more reliable FTIR analytical approach to assess BZ DNA conformational changes in solutions, which may help the understanding of the Z-DNA transition mechanism and promote the study of Z-DNA functions in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yalin Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450047, China
| | - Fengqiu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology, Hefei 230026, China
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4
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Allon I, Pettesh J, Livoff A, Schlapobersky M, Nahlieli O, Michaeli E. Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 Expression in Oral Malignant and Premalignant Lesions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071225. [PMID: 37046443 PMCID: PMC10093190 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 protein (VDAC1) plays a role in cellular metabolism and survival. It was found to be down or upregulated (overexpressed) in different malignancies but it was never studied in application to oral lesions. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the expression of VDAC1 in biopsies of oral premalignant, malignant, and malignancy-neutral lesions and to examine the possible correlations to their clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS 103 biopsies including 49 oral squamous cell carcinoma, 33 epithelial dysplasia, and 21 fibrous hyperplasia samples were immunohistochemically stained with anti-VDAC1 antibodies for semi-quantitative evaluation. The antibody detection was performed with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB). The clinicopathological information was examined for possible correlations with VDAC1. RESULTS VDAC1 expression was lower in oral squamous cell carcinoma 0.63 ± 0.40 and in oral epithelial dysplasia 0.61 ± 0.36 biopsies compared to fibrous hyperplasia biopsies 1.45 ± 0.28 (p < 0.01 for both; Kruskal-Wallis test). CONCLUSION Oral squamous cell carcinoma and epithelial dysplasia tissues demonstrated decreased VDAC1 protein expression if compared to fibrous hyperplasia samples, but were not different from each other, suggesting that the involvement of VDAC1 in oral carcinogenesis is an early stage event, regulating cells to live or die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Allon
- Institute of Pathology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
- School of Health Sciences, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba 84105, Israel
| | - Jacob Pettesh
- Oral Medicine Unit, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
| | - Alejandro Livoff
- Institute of Pathology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
| | - Mark Schlapobersky
- Institute of Pathology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
| | - Oded Nahlieli
- School of Health Sciences, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba 84105, Israel
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
| | - Eli Michaeli
- School of Health Sciences, The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba 84105, Israel
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Bellissima A, Cucci LM, Sanfilippo V, De Bonis A, Fiorenza R, Scirè S, Marzo T, Severi M, La Mendola D, Notarstefano V, Giorgini E, Satriano C. Pd-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles As Multimodal Theranostic Nanomedicine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:483-493. [PMID: 36651801 PMCID: PMC9945085 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A nanodelivery system based on palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) and cisplatin (CisPt) was developed by physisorption of the drug onto the PdNP synthesized via a green redox process, using d-glucose and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as reducing and stabilizing/capping agents, respectively. UV-vis analysis and H2-evolution measurements were carried out to prove the nanoparticles' capability to act as bimodal theranostic nanomedicine, i.e., having both plasmonic and photocatalytic properties. XPS, XRD, and TEM allowed light to be shed on the chemical composition and morphology of the PdNP. The analysis of the UV-visible spectra evidenced plasmonic peak changes for the hybrid nanoparticle-drug assembly (Pd@CisPt), which pointed to a significant interaction of CisPt with the NP surface. The drug loading was quantitatively estimated by ICP-OES measurements, while DLS and AFM confirmed the strong association of the drug with the nanoparticle surface. The test of SOD-like activity in a cell-free environment proved the maintenance of the antioxidant capability of PdNP also in the Pd@CisPt systems. Finally, Pd@CisPt tested in prostate cancer cells (PC-3 line) unveiled the antitumoral action of the developed nanomedicine, related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, with a condition of protein misfolding/unfolding and DNA damage, as evidenced by cytotoxicity and MitoSOX assays, as well as Raman microspectroscopy, respectively. Cell imaging by confocal microscopy evidenced cellular uptake of the nanoparticles, as well as dynamic processes of copper ion accumulation at the level of subcellular compartments. Finally, cell migration studies upon treatment with Pd@CisPt evidenced a tunable response between the inhibitory effect of CisPt and the enhanced rate of cell migration for the metal NP alone, which pointed out the promising potential of the developed theranostic nanomedicine in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bellissima
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Lorena M. Cucci
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Vanessa Sanfilippo
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Angela De Bonis
- Department
of Science, University of Basilicata, viale dell’Ateneo Lucano,
10, 85100Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberto Fiorenza
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Scirè
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department
of Chemistry ‘‘U. Schiff’’, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic
University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic
University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy,Phone: +39 095 7385136. E-mail:
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6
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Campagna R, Belloni A, Pozzi V, Salvucci A, Notarstefano V, Togni L, Mascitti M, Sartini D, Giorgini E, Salvolini E, Santarelli A, Lo Muzio L, Emanuelli M. Role Played by Paraoxonase-2 Enzyme in Cell Viability, Proliferation and Sensitivity to Chemotherapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010338. [PMID: 36613780 PMCID: PMC9820498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma represents the most aggressive and frequent form of head and neck cancer. Due to drug resistance, the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced disease is less than 50%. In order to identify molecular targets for effective oral cancer treatment, we focused on paraoxonase-2 enzyme. Indeed, based on data previously obtained from preliminary immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses performed on tissue specimens, the enzyme was found to be upregulated in tumor compared with normal oral mucosa. Therefore, paraoxonase-2 gene silencing was achieved in HSC-3 and HOC621 oral cancer cell lines, and the effect on cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis induction and sensitivity to cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil treatment was evaluated. Fourier Transform InfraRed Microspectroscopy analyzed alterations of cellular macromolecules upon treatment. Enzyme level and cell proliferation were also determined in cisplatin-resistant clones obtained from HOC621 cell line, as well as in parental cells. Reported data showed that paraoxonase-2 knockdown led to a reduction of cell proliferation and viability, as well as to an enhancement of sensitivity to cisplatin, together with the activation of apoptosis pathway. Spectroscopical data demonstrated that, under treatment with cisplatin, oxidative damage exerted on lipids and proteins was markedly more evident in cells down-regulating paraoxonase-2 compared to controls. Interestingly, enzyme expression, as well as cell proliferation were significantly higher in cisplatin-resistant compared with control HOC621 cells. Taken together these results seem to candidate the enzyme as a promising target for molecular treatment of this neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Campagna
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Salvucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Togni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Mascitti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0712204673
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Salvolini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Santarelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- Dentistry Clinic, National Institute of Health and Science of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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7
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Amereh F, Amjadi N, Mohseni-Bandpei A, Isazadeh S, Mehrabi Y, Eslami A, Naeiji Z, Rafiee M. Placental plastics in young women from general population correlate with reduced foetal growth in IUGR pregnancies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120174. [PMID: 36113646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constant exposure to plastics particulates has raised concerns against human health, particularly when it comes to birth outcomes. The present study explores the first appraisal of plastic particles in fresh human placenta and its association with foetal growth in neonates. Specifically, 43 pregnant women from general population were selected and their placentas were analyzed by digital microscopy and Raman microspectroscopy for microplastics (MPs <5 mm). We used regression analysis to estimate associations between MPs count in placenta and neonatal anthropometric measurements. MPs were found in all (13 out of 13) intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies and their average abundance ranged from 2 to 38 particles per placenta, but were less than limit of detection (LOD) in normal pregnancies except three out of 30 subjects. This study is one of very few that detected MPs in human placenta in which particles <10 μm were the most abundant in both IUGR and normal pregnancies, accounting for up to 64%. Fragments clearly prevailed at normal pregnancies and fragments together with fibers predominated at IUGR placentas. Despite four different polymers forming the MPs being identified, the majority of MPs comprised of PE (polyethylene) and PS (polystyrene). Inverse associations between MPs exposure and birth outcomes were observed in terms of birth weight (r = - 0.82, p < 0.001), length (r = - 0.56, p < 0.001), head circumference (r = - 0.50, p = 0.001), and 1-min Apgar score (r = - 0.75, p < 0.001) among those with IUGR, compared to those that were nominated as normal pregnancies. While it seems plastic particles may affect placental-foetal interrelationship, the pattern of associations between their content in placenta and birth outcomes, however, shows evidence of a nonlinear or nonmonotonic dose response possibly through perturbation of gas and nutrients exchange which is worth future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amereh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Amjadi
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpei
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Isazadeh
- Process and Engineering Manager, Municipal Water Contract Operations Business, Veolia North America, USA
| | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Eslami
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Naeiji
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine Mahdieh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafiee
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Belloni A, Furlani M, Greco S, Notarstefano V, Pro C, Randazzo B, Pellegrino P, Zannotti A, Carpini GD, Ciavattini A, Di Lillo F, Giorgini E, Giuliani A, Cinti S, Ciarmela P. Uterine leiomyoma as useful model to unveil morphometric and macromolecular collagen state and impairment in fibrotic diseases: An ex-vivo human study. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166494. [PMID: 35850176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), involved, among all, in the maintenance of the structural support of tissues. In fibrotic diseases, collagen is overexpressed, and its production determines the formation of a significantly stiffer ECM. The cross-linking of high-resolution analytical tools, able to investigate both the tridimensional organization and the secondary structure of collagen in fibrotic diseases, could be useful to identify defined markers correlating the status of this protein with specific pathological conditions. To this purpose, an innovative multidisciplinary approach based on Phase-Contrast MicroComputed Tomography, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy was exploited on leiomyoma samples and adjacent myometrium to characterize microstructural collagen features. Uterine leiomyoma is a common gynecological disorder affecting women in fertile age. It is characterized by a massive collagen production due to the repairing processes occurring at myometrium level, and, hence, it represents a valuable model to investigate collagen self-organization in a pathological condition. Moreover, to evaluate the sensitivity of this multidisciplinary approach, the effects of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) omega-3 fatty acids in collagen reduction were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Michele Furlani
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Stefania Greco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Chiara Pro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Basilio Randazzo
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Pamela Pellegrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Zannotti
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | | | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Giuliani
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Center of Obesity, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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9
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Feuerer N, Carvajal Berrio DA, Billing F, Segan S, Weiss M, Rothbauer U, Marzi J, Schenke-Layland K. Raman Microspectroscopy Identifies Biochemical Activation Fingerprints in THP-1- and PBMC-Derived Macrophages. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050989. [PMID: 35625726 PMCID: PMC9139061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) The monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 and primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) are popular in vitro model systems to study human innate immunity, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. However, both cell types differ significantly in their origin and response to activation stimuli. (2) Resting THP-1 and MDMs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon γ (IFNγ) and analyzed by Raman microspectroscopy (RM) before and 48 h after activation. Raman data were subsequently analyzed using principal component analysis. (3) We were able to resolve and analyze the spatial distribution and molecular composition of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids in resting and activated THP-1 and MDMs. Our findings reveal that proinflammatory activation-induced significant spectral alterations at protein and phospholipid levels in THP-1. In MDMs, we identified that nucleic acid and non-membrane-associated intracellular lipid composition were also affected. (4) Our results show that it is crucial to carefully choose the right cell type for an in vitro model as the nature of the cells itself may impact immune cell polarization or activation results. Moreover, we demonstrated that RM is a sensitive tool for investigating cell-specific responses to activation stimuli and monitoring molecular changes in subcellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Feuerer
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Daniel A. Carvajal Berrio
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Billing
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Sören Segan
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Martin Weiss
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Department of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rothbauer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Marzi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-707-1298-5204
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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10
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Notarstefano V, Pisani M, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Maggi F, Vaccari L, Parlapiano M, Giorgini E, Astolfi P. A vibrational in vitro approach to evaluate the potential of monoolein nanoparticles as isofuranodiene carrier in MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line: New insights from Infrared and Raman microspectroscopies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 269:120735. [PMID: 34923374 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isofuranodiene (IFD) is a sesquiterpene occurring in several plant species, which proved to have multiple anticancer activities. IFD has a lipophilic nature and, hence, a very low water solubility and a poor bioavailability; moreover, it is not stable, undergoing the "Cope rearrangement" to the less active curzerene. The use of appropriate delivery systems can thus be considered as a valid tool to enhance IFD bioavailability, solubility, stability and at the same time also to improve its intracellular uptake and pharmacological activity. Within this frame, monoolein (GMO) nanoparticles loaded with IFD were prepared and their enhanced anticancer activity, compared to pristine IFD, was assessed. In this study, for the first time, an in vitro Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Microspectroscopy approaches were exploited to evaluate the effects of IFD, alone and loaded in GMO nanoparticles, on MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line. The anti-cancer effects of IFD were evidenced by both the spectroscopic techniques and discriminated from the GMO-induced changes in the culture environment; moreover, a synergistic effect of IFD and GMO administration can be envisaged by the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Michela Pisani
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bramucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Luana Quassinti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SISSI Beamline, s.s. 14 km 163,500 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marco Parlapiano
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Paola Astolfi
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
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11
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Russo G, Notarstefano V, Montik N, Gioacchini G, Giorgini E, Polidori AR, Candela FA, Ciavattini A, Cignitti M, Carnevali O. Evaluation of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Protocols in Patients with Normal and Low Ovarian Reserve: Analyses of miRNAs and Selected Target Genes Involved in the Proliferation of Human Cumulus Cells and Oocyte Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1713. [PMID: 35163635 PMCID: PMC8836191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The oocyte and the surrounding cumulus cells (CCs) are deeply linked by a complex bidirectional cross-talk. In this light, the molecular analysis of the CCs is nowadays considered to be precious in providing information on oocyte quality. It is now clear that miRNAs play a key role in several ovarian functions, such as folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and ovulation. Thus, in this study, specific miRNAs, together with their target genes, were selected and investigated in CCs to assess the response of patients with normal (NR) and low (LR) ovarian reserve to two different controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols, based on rFSH and hMG. Moreover, a Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIRM) analysis was performed to evaluate DNA conformational changes in CCs and to relate them with the two COS protocols. The results evidenced a modulation of the expression of miRNAs and related target genes involved in CCs' proliferation, in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, genomic integrity, and oocyte quality, with different effects according to the ovarian reserve of patients. Moreover, the COS protocols determined differences in DNA conformation and the methylation state. In particular, the results clearly showed that treatment with rFSH is the most appropriate in NR patients with normal ovarian reserve, while treatment with hMG appears to be the most suitable in LR patients with low ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Russo
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (V.N.); (G.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (V.N.); (G.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Nina Montik
- Clinica Ostetrica Ginecologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedale G. Salesi, Via F. Corridoni 11, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.P.); (F.A.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Giorgia Gioacchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (V.N.); (G.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (V.N.); (G.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Anna Rita Polidori
- Clinica Ostetrica Ginecologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedale G. Salesi, Via F. Corridoni 11, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.P.); (F.A.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Fulvia Antonia Candela
- Clinica Ostetrica Ginecologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedale G. Salesi, Via F. Corridoni 11, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.P.); (F.A.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Clinica Ostetrica Ginecologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedale G. Salesi, Via F. Corridoni 11, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.P.); (F.A.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Cignitti
- Clinica Ostetrica Ginecologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedale G. Salesi, Via F. Corridoni 11, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (N.M.); (A.R.P.); (F.A.C.); (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (V.N.); (G.G.); (E.G.)
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12
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Dučić T, Ninkovic M, Martínez-Rovira I, Sperling S, Rohde V, Dimitrijević D, Jover Mañas GV, Vaccari L, Birarda G, Yousef I. Live-Cell Synchrotron-Based FTIR Evaluation of Metabolic Compounds in Brain Glioblastoma Cell Lines after Riluzole Treatment. Anal Chem 2021; 94:1932-1940. [PMID: 34965097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, characterized by short median survival and an almost 100% tumor-related mortality. The standard of care treatment for newly diagnosed GBM includes surgical resection followed by concomitant radiochemotherapy. The prevention of disease progression fails due to the poor therapeutic effect caused by the great molecular heterogeneity of this tumor. Previously, we exploited synchrotron radiation-based soft X-ray tomography and hard X-ray fluorescence for elemental microimaging of the shock-frozen GBM cells. The present study focuses instead on the biochemical profiling of live GBM cells and provides new insight into tumor heterogenicity. We studied bio-macromolecular changes by exploring the live-cell synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy in a set of three GBM cell lines, including the patient-derived glioblastoma cell line, before and after riluzole treatment, a medicament with potential anticancer properties. SR-FTIR microspectroscopy shows that GBM live cells of different origins recruit different organic compounds. The riluzole treatment of all GBM cell lines mainly affected carbohydrate metabolism and the DNA structure. Lipid structures and protein secondary conformation are affected as well by the riluzole treatment: cellular proteins assumed cross β-sheet conformation while parallel β-sheet conformation was less represented for all GBM cells. Moreover, we hope that a new live-cell approach for GBM simultaneous treatment and examination can be devised to target cancer cells more specifically, i.e., future therapies can develop more specific treatments according to the specific bio-macromolecular signature of each tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dučić
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milena Ninkovic
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Immaculada Martínez-Rovira
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Ionizing Radiation Research Group, Physics Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Swetlana Sperling
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Veit Rohde
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dragoljub Dimitrijević
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Birarda
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ibraheem Yousef
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Caldarone A, Piccotti F, Morasso C, Truffi M, Sottotetti F, Guerra C, Albasini S, Agozzino M, Villani L, Corsi F. Raman analysis of microcalcifications in male breast cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120185. [PMID: 34298281 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcalcifications (MCs) are important disease markers for breast cancer. Many studies were conducted on their characterization in female breast cancer (FBC), but no information is available on their composition in male breast cancer (MBC). Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a molecular spectroscopy that can rapidly explore the biochemical composition of MCs without requiring any staining protocol. In this study, we optimized an algorithm to identify the mineral components present in MCs from Raman images. The algorithm was then used to study and compare MCs identified on breast cancer pieces from male and female patients. In total, we analyzed 41 MCs from 5 invasive MBC patients and 149 MCs from 13 invasive FBC patients. Results show that hydroxyapatite is the most abundant type of calcium both in MBC and FBC. However, some differences in the amount and distribution of calcium minerals are present between the two groups. Besides, we observed that MCs in MBC have a higher amount of organic material (collagen) than FBC. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first overview of the composition of MCs present in MBC patients; and suggests that these patients have specific features that differentiate them from the previously studied FBC. Our result support thus the need for studies designed explicitly to the understanding of MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Piccotti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Morasso
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Sottotetti
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Guerra
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Albasini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Agozzino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Villani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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14
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Notarstefano V, Belloni A, Sabbatini S, Pro C, Orilisi G, Monterubbianesi R, Tosco V, Byrne HJ, Vaccari L, Giorgini E. Cytotoxic Effects of 5-Azacytidine on Primary Tumour Cells and Cancer Stem Cells from Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An In Vitro FTIRM Analysis. Cells 2021; 10:2127. [PMID: 34440896 PMCID: PMC8392608 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of 5-azacytidine on primary Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma cells (OSCCs) from human biopsies, and on Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) from the same samples, were investigated by an in vitro Fourier Transform InfraRed Microscospectroscopy (FTIRM) approach coupled with multivariate analysis. OSCC is an aggressive tumoral lesion of the epithelium, accounting for ~90% of all oral cancers. It is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, and this causes a poor prognosis with low success rates of surgical, as well as radiation and chemotherapy treatments. OSCC is frequently characterised by recurrence after chemotherapy and by the development of a refractoriness to some employed drugs, which is probably ascribable to the presence of CSCs niches, responsible for cancer growth, chemoresistance and metastasis. The spectral information from FTIRM was correlated with the outcomes of cytotoxicity tests and image-based cytometry, and specific spectral signatures attributable to 5-azacytidine treatment were identified, allowing us to hypothesise the demethylation of DNA and, hence, an increase in the transcriptional activity, together with a conformational transition of DNA, and a triggering of cell death by an apoptosis mechanism. Moreover, a different mechanism of action between OSSC and CSC cells was highlighted, probably due to possible differences between OSCCs and CSCs response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Simona Sabbatini
- Department of Material, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Pro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SISSI Beamline, 34149 Basovizza, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
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15
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Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging-A Novel Approach to Monitor Bio Molecular Changes in Subacute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11070918. [PMID: 34356152 PMCID: PMC8307811 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be defined as a disorder in the function of the brain after a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, or penetrating head injury. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can cause devastating effects, such as the initiation of long-term neurodegeneration in brain tissue. In the current study, the effects of mTBI were investigated on rat brain regions; cortex (Co) and corpus callosum (CC) after 24 h (subacute trauma) by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging and immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC studies showed the formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the cortex brain region of mTBI rats. Moreover, staining of myelin basic protein presented the shearing of axons in CC region in the same group of animals. According to FTIR imaging results, total protein and lipid content significantly decreased in both Co and CC regions in mTBI group compared to the control. Due to this significant decrease in both lipid and protein content, remarkable consistency in lipid/protein band ratio in mTBI and control group, was observed. Significant decrease in methyl content and a significant increase in olefinic content were observed in Co and CC regions of mTBI rat brain tissues. Classification amongst distinguishable groups was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering (HCA). This study established the prospective of FTIR imaging for assessing biochemical changes due to mTBI with high sensitivity, precision and high-resolution.
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16
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Ragusa A, Svelato A, Santacroce C, Catalano P, Notarstefano V, Carnevali O, Papa F, Rongioletti MCA, Baiocco F, Draghi S, D'Amore E, Rinaldo D, Matta M, Giorgini E. Plasticenta: First evidence of microplastics in human placenta. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106274. [PMID: 33395930 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 939] [Impact Index Per Article: 313.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are particles smaller than five millimeters deriving from the degradation of plastic objects present in the environment. Microplastics can move from the environment to living organisms, including mammals. In this study, six human placentas, collected from consenting women with physiological pregnancies, were analyzed by Raman Microspectroscopy to evaluate the presence of microplastics. In total, 12 microplastic fragments (ranging from 5 to 10 μm in size), with spheric or irregular shape were found in 4 placentas (5 in the fetal side, 4 in the maternal side and 3 in the chorioamniotic membranes); all microplastics particles were characterized in terms of morphology and chemical composition. All of them were pigmented; three were identified as stained polypropylene a thermoplastic polymer, while for the other nine it was possible to identify only the pigments, which were all used for man-made coatings, paints, adhesives, plasters, finger paints, polymers and cosmetics and personal care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ragusa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Svelato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy.
| | - Criselda Santacroce
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Roma, Italy
| | - Piera Catalano
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Papa
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Roma, Italy
| | - Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Baiocco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Draghi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta D'Amore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Via di Ponte Quattro Capi, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Rinaldo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Bolognini Hospital, Seriate, Via Paderno, 21, 24068 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Matta
- Harvey Medical and Surgery Course, University of Pavia, Corso Strada Nuova 65, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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17
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Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) for Monitoring Experimental Helicobacter pylori Infection and Related Inflammatory Response in Guinea Pig Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010281. [PMID: 33396581 PMCID: PMC7795336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections due to Gram-negative bacteria Helicobacter pylori may result in humans having gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcer, and even gastric cancer. Investigation of quantitative changes of soluble biomarkers, correlating with H. pylori infection, is a promising tool for monitoring the course of infection and inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine, using an experimental model of H. pylori infection in guinea pigs, the specific characteristics of infrared spectra (IR) of sera from H. pylori infected (40) vs. uninfected (20) guinea pigs. The H. pylori status was confirmed by histological, molecular, and serological examination. The IR spectra were measured using a Fourier-transform (FT)-IR spectrometer Spectrum 400 (PerkinElmer) within the range of wavenumbers 3000–750 cm−1 and converted to first derivative spectra. Ten wavenumbers correlated with H. pylori infection, based on the chi-square test, were selected for a K-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm. The wavenumbers correlating with infection were identified in the W2 and W3 windows associated mainly with proteins and in the W4 window related to nucleic acids and hydrocarbons. The k-NN for detection of H. pylori infection has been developed based on chemometric data. Using this model, animals were classified as infected with H. pylori with 100% specificity and 97% sensitivity. To summarize, the IR spectroscopy and k-NN algorithm are useful for monitoring experimental H. pylori infection and related inflammatory response in guinea pig model and may be considered for application in humans.
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