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Xiao X, Tang L, Li C, Sun Z, Yao Q, Zhang GJ, Sun Y, Zhu F, Zhang Y. Cascade CRISPR/Cas12a and DSN for the electrochemical biosensing of miR-1246 in BC-derived exosomes. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 159:108753. [PMID: 38833812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
MiR-1246 in breast cancer-derived exosomes was a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer(BC). However, the low abundance, high homology and complex background interference make the accurate quantitative detection of miR-1246 facing great challenges. In this study, we developed an electrochemical biosensor based on the subtly combined of CRISPR/Cas12a, double-stranded specific nuclease(DSN) and magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) for the detection of miR-1246 in BC-derived exosomes. Ascribed to the good synergistic effect of DSN, Cas12a and MNPs, the developed electrochemical biosensor exhibited excellent performance with the linear range from 500 aM to 5 pM, and the detection limit as low down to about 50 aM. The target-specific triggered enzyme-digest activity of DSN and Cas12a system, as well as the powerful separation ability of MNPs ensure the high specificity of developed electrochemical biosensor which can distinguish single base mismatches. In addition, the developed electrochemical biosensor has been successfully applied to detect miR-1246 in blood-derived exosomes and realize distinguishing the BC patients from the healthy individuals. It is expected that the well-designed biosensing platform will open up new avenues for clinical liquid biopsy and early screening of breast cancer, as well as provide deeper insights into clinical oncology treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Xiao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lina Tang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Chaoqing Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Zongyue Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Qunfeng Yao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Fang Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yulin Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China.
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2
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Liu T, Sun L, Ji Y, Zhu W. Extracellular vesicles in cancer therapy: Roles, potential application, and challenges. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189101. [PMID: 38608963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including cancer as they play important roles in cancer development and progression. Considering their natural capacity to facilitate cell-to-cell communication as well as their high physiochemical stability and biocompatibility, EVs serve as superior delivery systems for a wide range of therapeutic agents, including medicines, nanomaterials, nucleic acids, and proteins. Therefore, EVs-based cancer therapy is of greater interest to researchers. Mounting studies indicate that EVs can be improved in efficiency, specificity, and safety for cancer therapy. However, their heterogeneity of physicochemical properties and functions is not fully understood, hindering the achievement of bioactive EVs with high yield and purity. Herein, we paid more attention to the EVs applications and their significance in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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3
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Jiang Z, Luo K, Zeng H, Li J. Monitoring of Medical Wastewater by Sensitive, Convenient, and Low-Cost Determination of Small Extracellular Vesicles Using a Glycosyl-Imprinted Sensor. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1252-1260. [PMID: 38373338 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The monitoring of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in medical waste is of great significance for the prevention of the spread of infectious diseases and the treatment of environmental pollutants in medical waste. Highly sensitive and selective detection methods are urgently needed due to the low content of sEVs in waste samples and the complex sample composition. Herein, a glycosyl-imprinted electrochemical sensor was constructed and a novel strategy for rapid, sensitive, and selective sEVs detection was proposed. The characteristic trisaccharide at the end of the glycosyl chain of the glycoprotein carried on the surface of the sEVs was used as the template molecule. The glycosyl-imprinted polymer films was then prepared by electropolymerization with o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) and 3-aminophenylboronic acid (m-APBA) as functional monomers. sEVs were captured by the imprinted cavities through the recognition and adsorption of glycosyl chains of glycoproteins on sEVs. The m-APBA molecule also acted as a signal probe and was then attached on the immobilized glycoprotein on the surface of sEVs by boric acid affinity. The electrochemical signal of m-APBA was amplificated due to the abundant glycoproteins on the surface of sEVs. The detection range of the sensor was 2.1 × 104 to 8.7 × 107 particles/mL, and the limit of detection was 1.7 × 104 particles/mL. The sensor was then applied to the determination of sEVs in medical wastewater and urine, which showed good selectivity, low detection cost, and good sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Kui Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Honghu Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jianping Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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4
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Bisen M, Kharga K, Mehta S, Jabi N, Kumar L. Bacteriophages in nature: recent advances in research tools and diverse environmental and biotechnological applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22199-22242. [PMID: 38411907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriophages infect and replicate within bacteria and play a key role in the environment, particularly in microbial ecosystems and bacterial population dynamics. The increasing recognition of their significance stems from their wide array of environmental and biotechnological uses, which encompass the mounting issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Beyond their therapeutic potential in combating antibiotic-resistant infections, bacteriophages also find vast applications such as water quality monitoring, bioremediation, and nutrient cycling within environmental sciences. Researchers are actively involved in isolating and characterizing bacteriophages from different natural sources to explore their applications. Gaining insights into key aspects such as the life cycle of bacteriophages, their host range, immune interactions, and physical stability is vital to enhance their application potential. The establishment of diverse phage libraries has become indispensable to facilitate their wide-ranging uses. Consequently, numerous protocols, ranging from traditional to cutting-edge techniques, have been developed for the isolation, detection, purification, and characterization of bacteriophages from diverse environmental sources. This review offers an exploration of tools, delves into the methods of isolation, characterization, and the extensive environmental applications of bacteriophages, particularly in areas like water quality assessment, the food sector, therapeutic interventions, and the phage therapy in various infections and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monish Bisen
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Kusum Kharga
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Sakshi Mehta
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Nashra Jabi
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Lokender Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Raj Khosla Centre for Cancer Research, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, Solan, 173229, India.
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5
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Li D, Li QW, Xiang H, Yuan SS, Yang XP. A label-free activatable biosensor for in situ detection of exosomal microRNAs based on DNA-AgNCs and hairpin type nucleic acid probes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1357-1362. [PMID: 38344752 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02268d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) is a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis, metastasis, and treatment. In situ detection of exosomal miRNA is an attractive option due to its simplicity and high accuracy. However, in situ exosomal miRNA detection has encountered challenges because of the low target abundance of targets and limited probe permeability. Herein, a label-free and activatable biosensor was developed for in situ exosomal miRNA assays by utilizing hairpin-shaped nucleic acid probes and DNA-hosted silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs). The probe is directly internalized into the exosomes, and then hybridized with the target miRNA-21. Subsequently, the DNA-AgNCs are pulled closer to the G-rich sequence, ultimately leading to in situ red fluorescence activation. The biosensor not only can detect exosomal miRNA-21 but also distinguish cancer cells from normal cells. Under optimal reaction conditions, the detection limit (LOD) of exosomal miRNA-21 is 1.53 × 107 particles per mL. Furthermore, DNA-AgNCs are used as label-free signal elements for in situ detection of exosomal miRNAs for the first time, expanding the application of nanomaterials in this field. This strategy does not require tedious RNA extraction steps and expensive instruments, and may develop into a non-invasive diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Li
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Qian-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Hui Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Shi-Shan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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6
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Zhou X, Tang W, Zhang Y, Deng A, Guo Y, Qian L. Liposome-exosome hybrids for in situ detection of exosomal miR-1246 in breast cancer. Analyst 2024; 149:403-409. [PMID: 38058177 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01600e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that exosomal miRNAs are potential biomarkers for cancer monitoring. An urgent need remains for the in situ detection of exosomal miRNAs at low concentrations without destroying the exosome structure. In the present study, a novel sensitive exosomal miR-1246 in situ detection strategy has been developed by integrating the CRISPR/Cas13a system with the formation of hybrids between exosomes and cationic liposomes. The liposomes were loaded with CRISPR/Cas13a, CRISPR RNA (crRNA), and RNA reporter probes. In the presence of exosomes, the liposome-exosome hybrids were formed through electrostatic interactions, and CRISPR/Cas13a was activated to cleave the reporter probes by exosomal miR-1246. The acquired fluorescence signal showed a linear response to the logarithm of MCF-7 exosome concentrations, indicating a quantitative response to exosomal miR-1246. The regression equation is y = 5021 log C - 9976 (R2 = 0.9985) with a limit of detection of 3 × 102 particles per mL. This strategy could not only be used to detect serum exosomal miR-1246 in breast cancer patients but also to distinguish early form advanced disease. This strategy can be exploited in future exosomal miRNA analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Wenting Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Aidong Deng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Yuehua Guo
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
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7
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Abdullaev B, Rasyid SA, Ali E, Al-Dhalimy AMB, Mustafa YF, Fenjan MN, Misra N, Al-Musawi SG, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Effective exosomes in breast cancer: focusing on diagnosis and treatment of cancer progression. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154995. [PMID: 38113765 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent aggressive malignant tumor in women worldwide and develops from breast tissue. Although cutting-edge treatment methods have been used and current mortality rates have decreased, BC control is still not satisfactory. Clarifying the underlying molecular mechanisms will help clinical options. Extracellular vesicles known as exosomes mediate cellular communication by delivering a variety of biomolecules, including proteins, oncogenes, oncomiRs, and even pharmacological substances. These transferable bioactive molecules can alter the transcriptome of target cells and affect signaling pathways that are related to tumors. Numerous studies have linked exosomes to BC biology, including therapeutic resistance and the local microenvironment. Exosomes' roles in tumor treatment resistance, invasion, and BC metastasis are the main topics of discussion in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Research Department of Biotechnology, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
| | - Sri Anggarini Rasyid
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Mandala Waluya University, Kendari, South East Sulawesi, Indonesia.
| | - Eyhab Ali
- college of chemistry, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Iraq
| | - Mohammed N Fenjan
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Neeti Misra
- Department of Management, Uttaranchal Institute of Management, Uttaranchal University, India
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Iraq
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8
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Muñoz JP, Pérez-Moreno P, Pérez Y, Calaf GM. The Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer and the Challenges of Their Clinical Application. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3072. [PMID: 37835815 PMCID: PMC10572677 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a subclass of non-coding RNAs that exert substantial influence on gene-expression regulation. Their tightly controlled expression plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, while their dysregulation has been implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including cancer. Among cancers affecting women, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor. Extensive investigations have demonstrated distinct expression patterns of miRNAs in normal and malignant breast cells. Consequently, these findings have prompted research efforts towards leveraging miRNAs as diagnostic tools and the development of therapeutic strategies. The aim of this review is to describe the role of miRNAs in BC. We discuss the identification of oncogenic, tumor suppressor and metastatic miRNAs among BC cells, and their impact on tumor progression. We describe the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BC, as well as their role as promising therapeutic targets. Finally, we evaluate the current use of artificial intelligence tools for miRNA analysis and the challenges faced by these new biomedical approaches in its clinical application. The insights presented in this review underscore the promising prospects of utilizing miRNAs as innovative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for the management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000007, Chile
| | - Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Programa de Comunicación Celular en Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7780272, Chile
| | - Yasmín Pérez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000007, Chile
| | - Gloria M. Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
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9
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Murillo Carrasco AG, Otake AH, Macedo-da-Silva J, Feijoli Santiago V, Palmisano G, Andrade LNDS, Chammas R. Deciphering the Functional Status of Breast Cancers through the Analysis of Their Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13022. [PMID: 37629204 PMCID: PMC10455604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) accounts for the highest incidence of tumor-related mortality among women worldwide, justifying the growing search for molecular tools for the early diagnosis and follow-up of BC patients under treatment. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanocompartments produced by all human cells, including tumor cells. Since minimally invasive methods collect EVs, which represent reservoirs of signals for cell communication, these particles have attracted the interest of many researchers aiming to improve BC screening and treatment. Here, we analyzed the cargoes of BC-derived EVs, both proteins and nucleic acids, which yielded a comprehensive list of potential markers divided into four distinct categories, namely, (i) modulation of aggressiveness and growth; (ii) preparation of the pre-metastatic niche; (iii) epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; and (iv) drug resistance phenotype, further classified according to their specificity and sensitivity as vesicular BC biomarkers. We discuss the therapeutic potential of and barriers to the clinical implementation of EV-based tests, including the heterogeneity of EVs and the available technologies for analyzing their content, to present a consistent, reproducible, and affordable set of markers for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Germán Murillo Carrasco
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.G.M.C.); (A.H.O.); (L.N.d.S.A.)
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Andreia Hanada Otake
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.G.M.C.); (A.H.O.); (L.N.d.S.A.)
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Janaina Macedo-da-Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (J.M.-d.-S.); (V.F.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Veronica Feijoli Santiago
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (J.M.-d.-S.); (V.F.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (J.M.-d.-S.); (V.F.S.); (G.P.)
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Luciana Nogueira de Sousa Andrade
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.G.M.C.); (A.H.O.); (L.N.d.S.A.)
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.G.M.C.); (A.H.O.); (L.N.d.S.A.)
- Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
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10
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Wu T, Liu Y, Ali NM, Zhang B, Cui X. Effects of Exosomes on Tumor Bioregulation and Diagnosis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5157-5168. [PMID: 36816660 PMCID: PMC9933233 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are lipid bilayer vesicles in biological fluids, which can participate in biological processes by mediating intercellular communication and activating intracellular signaling pathways, especially cancerogenic processes, such as proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and immune regulation of cancer cells. Besides, cancer-derived exosomes are also involved in tumor diagnosis and therapy as biomarkers and nanotransport devices. This article reviews the latest research progress on the biological regulation and disease diagnosis of exosomes in tumors, with the aim of providing new ideas for the clinical treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department
of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of
Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department
of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of
Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
- Department
of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital
of Dalian University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Nasra Mohamoud Ali
- Department
of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of
Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department
of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of
Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department
of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of
Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
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11
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Huynh KQ, Le AT, Phan TT, Ho TT, Pho SP, Nguyen HT, Le BT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen ST. The Diagnostic Power of Circulating miR-1246 in Screening Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8379231. [PMID: 37122536 PMCID: PMC10139802 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8379231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-1246 (miR-1246), an oncomiR that regulates the expression of multiple cancer-related genes, has been attracted and studied as a promising indicator of various tumors. However, diverse conclusions on diagnostic accuracy have been shown due to the small sample size and limited studies included. This meta-analysis is aimed at systematically assessing the performance of extracellular circulating miR-1246 in screening common cancers. Methods We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies until November 28, 2022. Then, the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were drawn and calculated area under the curve (AUC), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), sensitivity, and specificity values of circulating miR-1246 in the cancer surveillance. Results After selection and quality assessment, 29 eligible studies with 5914 samples (3232 cases and 2682 controls) enrolled in the final analysis. The pooled AUC, DOR, sensitivity, and specificity of circulating miR-1246 in screening cancers were 0.885 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.827-0.892), 27.7 (95% CI: 17.1-45.0), 84.2% (95% CI: 79.4-88.1), and 85.3% (95% CI: 80.5-89.2), respectively. Among cancer types, superior performance was noted for breast cancer (AUC = 0.950, DOR = 98.5) compared to colorectal cancer (AUC = 0.905, DOR = 47.6), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (AUC = 0.757, DOR = 8.0), hepatocellular carcinoma (AUC = 0.872, DOR = 18.6), pancreatic cancer (AUC = 0.767, DOR = 12.3), and others (AUC = 0.887, DOR = 27.5, P = 0.007). No significant publication bias in DOR was observed in the meta-analysis (funnel plot asymmetry test with P = 0.652; skewness value = 0.672, P = 0.071). Conclusion Extracellular circulating miR-1246 may serve as a reliable biomarker with good sensitivity and specificity in screening cancers, especially breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Quang Huynh
- The Breast Unit, Cancer Center, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Tuan Le
- Department of Chemo-Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thang Thanh Phan
- The Laboratory D Unit, Cancer Center, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Toan Trong Ho
- The Laboratory D Unit, Cancer Center, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Suong Phuoc Pho
- The Laboratory D Unit, Cancer Center, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hang Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Thanh Le
- Department of General Director, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thuc Tri Nguyen
- Department of General Director, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
| | - Son Truong Nguyen
- Department of General Director, Cho Ray Hospital, HCMC 700000, Vietnam
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12
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Tumor-Derived Exosomes and Their Role in Breast Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213993. [PMID: 36430471 PMCID: PMC9693078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has been the most common cancer in women worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of death from breast cancer. Even though the study of breast cancer metastasis has been extensively carried out, the molecular mechanism is still not fully understood, and diagnosis and prognosis need to be improved. Breast cancer metastasis is a complicated process involving multiple physiological changes, and lung, brain, bone and liver are the main metastatic targets. Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles that contain secreted cellular constitutes. The biogenesis and functions of exosomes in cancer have been intensively studied, and mounting studies have indicated that exosomes play a crucial role in cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of breast cancer-derived exosomes in metastasis organotropism and discuss the potential promising clinical applications of targeting exosomes as novel strategies for breast cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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13
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Casadei L, Sarchet P, de Faria FCC, Calore F, Nigita G, Tahara S, Cascione L, Wabitsch M, Hornicek FJ, Grignol V, Croce CM, Pollock RE. In situ hybridization to detect DNA amplification in extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12251. [PMID: 36043432 PMCID: PMC9428764 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
EVs have emerged as an important component in tumour initiation, progression and metastasis. Although notable progresses have been made, the detection of EV cargoes remain significantly challenging for researchers to practically use; faster and more convenient methods are required to validate the EV cargoes, especially as biomarkers. Here we show, the possibility of examining embedded EVs as substrates to be used for detecting DNA amplification through ultrasensitive in situ hybridization (ISH). This methodology allows the visualization of DNA targets in a more direct manner, without time consuming optimization steps or particular expertise. Additionally, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of EVs allows long-term preservation of samples, permitting future studies. We report here: (i) the successful isolation of EVs from liposarcoma tissues; (ii) the EV embedding in FFPE blocks (iii) the successful selective, specific ultrasensitive ISH examination of EVs derived from tissues, cell line, and sera; (iv) and the detection of MDM2 DNA amplification in EVs from liposarcoma tissues, cell lines and sera. Ultrasensitive ISH on EVs would enable cargo study while the application of ISH to serum EVs, could represent a possible novel methodology for diagnostic confirmation. Modification of probes may enable researchers to detect targets and specific DNA alterations directly in tumour EVs, thereby facilitating detection, diagnosis, and improved understanding of tumour biology relevant to many cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Casadei
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Patricia Sarchet
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | | | - Federica Calore
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Sayumi Tahara
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Faculty of Biomedical SciencesUniversità della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Centre for Hormonal Disorders in Children and AdolescentsUlm University HospitalUlmGermany
| | - Francis J. Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centerand the University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Valerie Grignol
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and GeneticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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14
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Liu X, Papukashvili D, Wang Z, Liu Y, Chen X, Li J, Li Z, Hu L, Li Z, Rcheulishvili N, Lu X, Ma J. Potential utility of miRNAs for liquid biopsy in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:940314. [PMID: 35992785 PMCID: PMC9386533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.940314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent malignancy due to its incidence rate, recurrence, and metastasis in women. Conventional strategies of cancer detection– mammography and tissue biopsy lack the capacity to detect the complete cancer genomic landscape. Besides, they often give false- positive or negative results. The presence of this and other disadvantages such as invasiveness, high-cost, and side effects necessitates developing new strategies to overcome the BC burden. Liquid biopsy (LB) has been brought to the fore owing to its early detection, screening, prognosis, simplicity of the technique, and efficient monitoring. Remarkably, microRNAs (miRNAs)– gene expression regulators seem to play a major role as biomarkers detected in the samples of LB. Particularly, miR-21 and miR-155 among other possible candidates seem to serve as favorable biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of BC. Hence, this review will assess the potential utility of miRNAs as biomarkers and will highlight certain promising candidates for the LB approach in the diagnosis and management of BC that may optimize the patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Liu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dimitri Papukashvili
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linjie Hu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nino Rcheulishvili
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqing Lu, ; Jinfeng Ma,
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqing Lu, ; Jinfeng Ma,
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15
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Yu D, Li Y, Wang M, Gu J, Xu W, Cai H, Fang X, Zhang X. Exosomes as a new frontier of cancer liquid biopsy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:56. [PMID: 35180868 PMCID: PMC8855550 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, characterized by minimally invasive detection through biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, has emerged as a revolutionary strategy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shuttle molecular cargoes from donor cells to recipient cells and play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication. Increasing studies suggest that exosomes have a great promise to serve as novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy, since large quantities of exosomes are enriched in body fluids and are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. However, the further clinical application of exosomes has been greatly restrained by the lack of high-quality separation and component analysis methods. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the conventional and novel technologies for exosome isolation, characterization and content detection. Additionally, the roles of exosomes serving as potential biomarkers in liquid biopsy for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis prediction of cancer are summarized. Finally, the prospects and challenges of applying exosome-based liquid biopsy to precision medicine are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maoye Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmei Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Hospital of Jiangsu University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xinjian Fang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Hospital of Jiangsu University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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A universal catalytic hairpin assembly system for direct plasma biopsy of exosomal PIWI-interacting RNAs and microRNAs. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1192:339382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Jiang X, Shen X, Talap J, Yang D, Zeng S, Liu H, Cai S. Phosphorothioated and phosphate-terminal dumbbell (PP-TD) probe-based rapid detection of polynucleotide kinase activity. Analyst 2022; 147:4986-4990. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A primer-free, sensitive assay has been developed to detect polynucleotide kinase (PNK) activity. This proposed method provides a promising platform for PNK activity monitoring and inhibition screening for drug discovery and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Jiang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Xudan Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jadera Talap
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Sheng Cai
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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18
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Nakase I, Takatani-Nakase T. Exosomes: Breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles; recent key findings and technologies in disease progression, diagnostics, and cancer targeting. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 42:100435. [PMID: 34922046 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2021.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed types of cancer in women. Metastasis, particularly to the lungs and brain, increases mortality in breast cancer patients. Recently, breast cancer-related exosomes have received significant attention because of their key role in breast cancer progression. As a result, numerous exosome-based therapeutic tools for diagnosis and treatment have been developed, and their biological and chemical mechanisms have been explored. This review summarizes up-to-date advanced key findings and technologies in breast cancer progression, diagnostics, and targeting. We focused on recent research on the basic biology of exosomes and disease-related exosomal genes and proteins, as well as their signal transduction in cell-to-cell communications, diagnostic markers, and exosome-based antibreast cancer technologies. We also paid special attention to technologies employing exosomes modified with functional peptides for the targeted delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuhiko Nakase
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8179, Japan; Institute for Bioscience, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8179, Japan.
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19
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DNase I-assisted 2'-O-methyl molecular beacon for amplified detection of tumor exosomal microRNA-21. Talanta 2021; 235:122727. [PMID: 34517595 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An end-modified 2'-O-methyl molecular beacon (eMB) with unique nuclease resistance was designed and prepared. The eMB can resist the enzymatic digestion by DNase I, which would otherwise occur upon the hybridization of the eMB with a complementary sequence. As a result, the coupling use of eMBs and DNase I allows highly sensitive detection of miRNA with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.5 pM. The analytical strategy was further used for detection of tumor exosomal microRNA-21, and down to 0.86 μg mL-1 A375 exosomes were detected. Overall, the present method can effectively quantify tumor-derived exosomes for cancer diagnosis.
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