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Yu YC, Tong ZJ, Liang XT, Wu JZ, Xu YJ, Wang JJ, Zhang MY, Wei TH, Yang J, Wang YB, Wang QX, Li QQ, Wang Z, Leng X, Ding N, Xue X, Sun SL, Li NG, Wang XL. Discovery of RORγ Allosteric Fluorescent Probes and Their Application: Fluorescence Polarization, Screening, and Bioimaging. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4194-4224. [PMID: 38442261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) acts as a crucial transcription factor in Th17 cells and is involved in diverse autoimmune disorders. RORγ allosteric inhibitors have gained significant research focus as a novel strategy to inhibit RORγ transcriptional activity. Leveraging the high affinity and selectivity of RORγ allosteric inhibitor MRL-871 (1), this study presents the design, synthesis, and characterization of 11 allosteric fluorescent probes. Utilizing the preferred probe 12h, we established an efficient and cost-effective fluorescence polarization-based affinity assay for screening RORγ allosteric binders. By employing virtual screening in conjunction with this assay, 10 novel RORγ allosteric inhibitors were identified. The initial SAR studies focusing on the hit compound G381-0087 are also presented. The encouraging outcomes indicate that probe 12h possesses the potential to function as a powerful tool in facilitating the exploration of RORγ allosteric inhibitors and furthering understanding of RORγ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cheng Yu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Tong
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Liang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jia-Zhen Wu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yu-Jing Xu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Tian-Hua Wei
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jin Yang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Qing-Xin Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - XueJiao Leng
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ning Ding
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xin Xue
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shan-Liang Sun
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Nian-Guang Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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2
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Hua L, Wang D, Wang K, Wang Y, Gu J, Zhang Q, You Q, Wang L. Design of Tracers in Fluorescence Polarization Assay for Extensive Application in Small Molecule Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10934-10958. [PMID: 37561645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of fluorescence polarization (FP) assays, especially in a competitive manner, is a potent and mature tool for measuring the binding affinities of small molecules. This approach is suitable for high-throughput screening (HTS) for initial ligands and is also applicable for further study of the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of candidate compounds for drug discovery. Buffer and tracer, especially rational design of the tracer, play a vital role in an FP assay system. In this perspective, we provided different kinds of approaches for tracer design based on successful cases in recent years. We classified these tracers by different types of ligands in tracers, including peptide, nucleic acid, natural product, and small molecule. To make this technology accessible for more targets, we briefly described the basic theory and workflow, followed by highlighting the design and application of typical FP tracers from a perspective of medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Danni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Keran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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3
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Wu Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Qiu X, Chen Y, Su K, Yang L, Du Z, Dong Y, Yang F, Li X, Zhang X. Preferred Conformation-Guided Discovery of Potent and Orally Active HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Anemia. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37367818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we discovered a novel series of prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) inhibitors with improved metabolic properties based on a preferred conformation-guided drug design strategy. Piperidinyl-containing linkers with preferred metabolic stability were designed to match the dihedral angle of the desired docking conformation in the PHD2 binding site with the lowest energy conformation. Based on the piperidinyl-containing linkers, a series of PHD2 inhibitors with high PHD2 affinity and favorable druggability were obtained. Remarkably, compound 22, with an IC50 of 22.53 nM toward PHD2, significantly stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-α) and upregulated the expression of erythropoietin (EPO). Furthermore, oral administration of 22 dose-dependently stimulated erythropoiesis in vivo. Preliminary preclinical studies showed that 22 has good pharmacokinetic properties and an excellent safety profile, even at 10 times the efficacious dose (200 mg/kg). Taken together, these results indicate that 22 is a promising candidate for anemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Linjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhuoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kaijun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhongqiu Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fulai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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4
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Li Z, Wu Y, Zhen S, Su K, Zhang L, Yang F, McDonough MA, Schofield CJ, Zhang X. In Situ Inhibitor Synthesis and Screening by Fluorescence Polarization: An Efficient Approach for Accelerating Drug Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211510. [PMID: 36112310 PMCID: PMC9827864 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Target-directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry has emerged as a useful tool for hit identification, but has not been widely used, in part due to challenges associated with analyses involving complex mixtures. We describe an operationally simple alternative: in situ inhibitor synthesis and screening (ISISS), which links high-throughput bioorthogonal synthesis with screening for target binding by fluorescence. We exemplify the ISISS method by showing how coupling screening for target binding by fluorescence polarization with the reaction of acyl-hydrazides and aldehydes led to the efficient discovery of a potent and novel acylhydrazone-based inhibitor of human prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a target for anemia treatment, with equivalent in vivo potency to an approved medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Shuai Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Kaijun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Linjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Fulai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Michael A. McDonough
- Chemistry Research Laboratory and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
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5
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Li Z, Wu Y, Zhen S, Su K, Zhang L, Yang F, McDonough MA, Schofield CJ, Zhang X. In Situ Inhibitor Synthesis and Screening by Fluorescence Polarization: An Efficient Approach for Accelerating Drug Discovery. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202211510. [PMID: 38505687 PMCID: PMC10947266 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202211510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Target-directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry has emerged as a useful tool for hit identification, but has not been widely used, in part due to challenges associated with analyses involving complex mixtures. We describe an operationally simple alternative: in situ inhibitor synthesis and screening (ISISS), which links high-throughput bioorthogonal synthesis with screening for target binding by fluorescence. We exemplify the ISISS method by showing how coupling screening for target binding by fluorescence polarization with the reaction of acyl-hydrazides and aldehydes led to the efficient discovery of a potent and novel acylhydrazone-based inhibitor of human prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a target for anemia treatment, with equivalent in vivo potency to an approved medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Shuai Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Kaijun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Linjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Fulai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Michael A. McDonough
- Chemistry Research Laboratory and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, and Department of ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
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6
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Tetrahydropyridin-4-ylpicolinoylglycines as novel and orally active prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) inhibitors for the treatment of renal anemia. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114479. [PMID: 35675755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) is a key regulatory enzyme responsible for the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α). Pharmacological inhibition of PHD2 stabilizes HIF-α and induces the production of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO), which is regarded as a promising strategy for the treatment of renal anemia. To date, a series of PHD2 inhibitors have been approved or advanced into clinical studies. In this study, we developed a new type of PHD2 inhibitors with the tetrahydropyridin-4-ylpicolinoylglycine scaffold by using a scaffold hopping strategy. Among them, compound 25 showed potent inhibition toward PHD2 with an IC50 of 6.55 ± 0.41 nM. Furthermore, compound 25 upregulated reticulocytes in C57BL/6 mice. The subacute toxicological assay demonstrated 25 has no obvious toxicity in vivo. Overall, compound 25 is a promising candidate for the treatment of renal anemia.
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7
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Liang D, Yu C, Qin X, Yang X, Dong X, Hu M, Du L, Li M. Discovery of small-molecule fluorescent probes for C-Met. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114114. [PMID: 35051746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
C-mesenchymal-epithelia transition factor (c-Met) is highly expressed in various solid tumors such as gastric cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer, playing a pivotal role in the growth, maintenance, and development of different tumor cells. In this study, three small-molecule fluorescent probes (5, 11, 16) targeting c-Met were developed, and their design strategies were also initially explored. In general, the fluorescence properties of the probes themselves could meet the imaging requirements, and they have shown sufficient inhibitory activities against c-Met, especially probe 16, reflecting the targeting and acceptance. Also, fluorescence polarization assays and flow cytometry analysis verified the binding between the probes and c-Met. Cell imaging confirmed that these probes could be used to label c-Met on living cells. It is of positive significance for the development of c-Met kinase inhibitors and tumor pathology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xingye Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xuhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mingzhao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lupei Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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