The coupled WO3-AgBr nanocatalyst, part II: Synthesis, characterization, and the boosted photocatalytic activity towards metronidazole in an aqueous solution

The AgBr and WO3 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and coupled, and the coupled AgBr-WO3 binary catalyst, as well as the individual AgBr and WO3 NPs, were then characterized by XRD, FTIR, DRS, and SEM-EDX. XRD results showed the formation of orthorhombic WO3 cubic AgBr crystals. The crystallite sizes of 45, 28, and 45 nm were estimated by the Scherrer formula for the as-prepared AgBr, WO3, and AgBr-WO3 catalysts, respectively. The DRS study estimated band gap energies using both absorption edge wavelengths and the Kubelka-Munk model. The band gap energies of 2.72, 3.06, and 2.92 eV were obtained for the direct electronic transitions of AgBr, WO3, and AgBr-WO3. The ECB (potential position) of AgBr and WO3 were estimated to be 0.01 and 0.52 V, while their EVB values were 2.60 and 3.55 V, respectively. Typical FTIR absorption bands of W‒OH, the W‒O‒W, and AgBr bonds have appeared at 1637 cm-1, 823 (and 766) cm-1, and 1384 cm-1, respectively. The pHpzc of 4 was estimated for the individual and coupled catalysts. In studying the photocatalytic activity of the catalysts in the photodegradation of metronidazole (MNZ) a boosted activity was achieved for the coupled system. This increased activity depends on the maximum AgBr:WO3 mole ratio in a 1:3 mol ratio. Grinding time applied to prepare the coupled catalyst has also varied the photocatalytic activity.

Adsorption of Macrolide Antibiotics and a Metabolite onto Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polyethylene Microplastics in Aquatic Environments

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics are emerging pollutants widely found in aquatic environments, potentially causing environmental harm. MPs may act as carriers for antibiotics, affecting their environmental distribution. This study investigates the adsorption of four macrolide antibiotics and a metabolite onto two types of MPs: polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE). Results revealed a linear isotherm adsorption model, with higher adsorption to PET than to PE (R2 > 0.936 for PE and R2 > 0.910 for PET). Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding could be the main adsorption mechanisms, with pore filling potentially involved. Reduced particle size enhances adsorption due to the increase of active adsorption sites. This increasement is more pronounced in PE than in PET, leading to an 11.6% increase in the average adsorption of all macrolides to PE, compared to only 5.1% to PET. Dissolved organic matter inhibits adsorption (azithromycin adsorption to PE was reduced from 12% to 5.1%), while salinity enhances it just until 1% salinity. pH slightly influences adsorption, with maximal adsorption at neutral pH. Results in real samples showed that complexity of the matrix decreased adsorption. Overall, these findings indicate that PE and PET MPs can be a vector of macrolides in aquatic environments.

A Comprehensive Review on the Boosted Effects of Anion Vacancy in the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation, Part II: Focus on Oxygen Vacancy

Environmental problems, including the increasingly polluted water and the energy crisis, have led to a need to propose novel strategies/methodologies to contribute to sustainable progress and enhance human well-being. For these goals, heterogeneous semiconducting-based photocatalysis is introduced as a green, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and effective strategy. The introduction of anion vacancies in semiconductors has been well-known as an effective strategy for considerably enhancing the photocatalytic activity of such photocatalytic systems, giving them the advantages of promoting light harvesting, facilitating photogenerated electron-hole pair separation, optimizing the electronic structure, and enhancing the yield of reactive radicals. This Review will introduce the effects of anion vacancy-dominated photodegradation systems. Then, their mechanism will illustrate how an anion vacancy changes the photodegradation pathway to enhance the degradation efficiency toward pollutants and the overall photocatalytic performance. Specifically, the vacancy defect types and the methods of tailoring vacancies will be briefly illustrated, and this part of the Review will focus on the oxygen vacancy (OV) and its recent advances. The challenges and development issues for engineered vacancy defects in photocatalysts will also be discussed for practical applications and to provide a promising research direction. Finally, some prospects for this emerging field will be proposed and suggested. All permission numbers for adopted figures from the literature are summarized in a separate file for the Editor.

Synergistic photocatalytic effect of α-Fe2O3-ZnO binary nanocatalyst toward methylene blue: An experimental design study

Due to the potential ecosystem protection and management applications, searching for highly optimized semiconductor-based solar energy photocatalysts is still a significant challenge. Coupled α-Fe2O3-ZnO nanoparticles were prepared in situ and characterized by various identification techniques such as XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM, DRS, and FT-IR. Its pHpzc was about 8.1. The band gap energies of ZnO, α-Fe2O3, and the coupled α-Fe2O3-ZnO system were 3.22, 2.08, and 2.09 eV, respectively. The boosted photocatalytic activity of the coupled catalysts was designed via the RSM approach, and the optimal RSM conditions were pH 5, 25 min irradiation time, and 0.3 g/L of the α-Fe2O3-ZnO containing 75 % ZnO. The center point conditions' run included 0.5 g/L of the coupled catalyst containing 50 % ZnO, pH 7, and 22.5 min illumination time. The study on scavenger agents showed the highest role of hydroxyl radicals in MB photodegradation by the proposed catalyst.

Two new 3D Supramolecular Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Degradation of Methyl Blue

We successfully synthesized two new supramolecular frameworks, namely {[Cu2(L1)(H2O)2]·(H2O)}n (1) and {[Ag(L2)(bpp)]2n·2(H2O)}n (2) (H2L1 = 2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid, HL2 = 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-sulfonic acid) under hydrothermal condition. These single-crystal structures were determined via X-ray single crystal diffraction analyses. Solids 1 and 2 acted as photocatalysts and performed good photocatalytic activities for MB degradation under UV light irradiation.

A comprehensive review on the boosted effects of anion vacancy in the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation, part I: Focus on sulfur, nitrogen, carbon, and halogen vacancies

The greenest environmental remediation way is the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. However, limited photocatalytic applications are due to poor sunlight absorption and photogenerated charge carriers' recombination. These limitations can be overcome by introducing anion vacancy (AV) (O, S, N, C, and Halogen) defects in semiconductors that enhance light harvesting, facilitate charge separation, modulate electronic structure, and produce reactive radicals. In continuing part A of this review, in this part, we summarized the recent AVs' research, including S, N, C, and halogen vacancies on the boosted photocatalytic features of semiconductor materials, like metal oxides/sulfides, oxyhalides, and nitrides in detail. Also, we outline the recently developed AV designs for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The AV creating and analysis methods and the recent photocatalytic applications and mechanisms of AV-mediated photocatalysts are reviewed. AV engineering photocatalysts' challenges and development prospects are illustrated to get a promising research direction.

Crystal structure and photocatalytic activity of luminescent 3D-Supramolecular metal organic framework of dysprosium

A 3D supramolecular metal organic framework of dysprosium has been fabricated through a facile hydrothermal procedure with the ligand, 2,6-naphthalene disulphonic acid and the co-ligand, 4,4'-bipyridine. The MOF has been characterized as [C60H81DyN8O30S4] by routine analytical procedures. SXRD studies of the MOF show the existence of a hydrogen-bonded 3D supramolecular structure with high porosity. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/n with unit cell parameters, a = 16.5424(6) Å, b = 37.0052(14) Å, c = 24.4361(9) Å, β = 100.7410°, α = γ = 90°. The Dy-MOF has eight coordinated water molecules around the metal centre and exhibits square anti-prismatic geometry. The band gap is 3.11 eV. The degradation experiments under visible light confirmed that Dy-MOF can act as a photocatalyst. Addition of hydrogen peroxide remarkably increases the degradation efficiency of the MOF through an advanced oxidation process. The newly synthesized MOF produced sharp emission peaks characteristic of dysprosium ion.

Ligand Modulation on the Various Structures of Three Zinc(II)-Based Coordination Polymers for Antibiotics Degradation

The efficient removal of organic contaminants from wastewater is, nowadays, a prominent area of study due to its biological as well as environmental significance. Antibiotics are now found in wastewater because of their high use, which has become a source of aquatic pollution. These antibiotics have dangerous implications for people’s health. Hence, effective pharmaceutical removal from wastewater and contaminated water bodies, especially the removal of antibiotics, is of major interest to global research organizations. This is why it is necessary to investigate this class of toxic material in wastewater discharge. We synthesized three different coordination polymers (CPs) in the presence of various assistant carboxylate linkers, namely, [Zn(Hbtc)(dip)]n (1), [Zn4(1,2-bdc)4(dip)4]n (2), and [Zn(1,4-bdc)(dip)]n (3) (3,5-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine = dip, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid = H3btc, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid = 1,2-H2bdc, and 1,4-benzendicarboxylic acid = 1,4-bdc). These CPs were characterized by using different techniques, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural studies demonstrated that in 2, there are four Zn(II) centers and both centers are in different coordination environments (Zn2 has distorted tetrahedral geometry, whereas Zn1, Zn3, and Zn4 have square pyramidal geometry). Hirshfeld surfaces analysis revealed that different types of intermolecular interactions (C⋯C, H⋯C, H⋯H, O⋯C, N⋯H, and O⋯H) are present in the synthesized CPs. We examined the different antibiotics, such as metronidazole (MDZ), nitrofurazone (NFZ), dimetridazole (DTZ), sulfasalazine(SLA), and oxytetracycline (OXY), degradation behaviors of the synthesized CPs, which showed remarkable degradation efficiency. 1 showed photocatalytic behavior toward the NFZ antibiotic in an aqueous media. This study also showed that these catalysts are stable and reusable under mild conditions.

A Z-scheme CdS/Ag3PO4 catalyst: Characterization, experimental design and mechanism consideration for methylene blue

Due to the explosive use of Azo dyes in various industries such as textiles, discharging these industrial effluents into the environment critically polluted water supplies. Accordingly, constructing/developing novel binary catalysts to diminish the pollution extent of such effluents before discharging into environment is an excellent issue in environmental chemistry. Here, a binary CdS/ Ag₃PO₄ was constructed, and its boosted photocatalytic activity was proven against methylene blue (MB), as a model dye pollutant. The Wurtzite CdS and Ag₃PO₄ cubic crystal nanoparticles were synthesized and coupled mechanically. The binary sample's lowest photoluminescence (PL) results confirm a higher e/h separation. DRS results confirmed a decreased energy gap for the coupled system. The semiconductors' VB and CV potentials were calculated and used for constructing of Z-scheme mechanism. The photocatalytic activity was followed via an experimental design approach. The model F-value of 89.75 > F_0.05,14,13 = 2.42 and LOF F-value of 6.57 < F_{0.05,10, 3} = 8.79 reveal that the model well processed data. The optimal run conditions were CMB: 5 ppm, Catalyst dose: 1 g/L, pH: 3.25, and irradiation time: 139 min, at which 85% of MB molecules were degraded. Based on the trend of ascorbic acid > isopropanol > formic acid ≈ nitrate obtained for the scavengers' importance in decreasing the photocatalyst activity, superoxide radicals had the highest effect in MB degradation and then ^•OH. The results showed the direct Z-scheme has the main effect on MB degradation by the binary sample.

Cerium oxide: synthesis, brief characterization, and optimization of the photocatalytic activity against phenazopyridine in an aqueous solution

Water pollution by antibiotics is a global crisis, and its risk is critically more severe due to the explosive use of these drug compounds. A critical effective removal method to diminish this risk is heterogeneous photocatalysis and optimizing the conditions to reach higher mineralization efficiency. CeO₂ anoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. A cubic structural crystallite phase was detected that had crystallite sizes of 17.9 and 16.7 nm estimated by the Scherrer and Williamson-Hall models. A typical FTIR absorption band for the Ce-O stretching absorption has appeared at 554 cm^-1. Based on DRS data and the Kubelka-Munk and Tauc models, Eg values of 2.80, 3.06, 3.12, and 3.13 eV were obtained for n-values of 1/2, 2, 3/2, and 3, respectively. pHpzc of CeO₂ NPs was about 5.7. The direct photolysis and surface adsorption processes have no critical role in phenazopyridine (PP) removal by appearing with 2.7 and 6.7% removal efficiencies, respectively. Due to the highest photocatalytic activity of CeO₂ NPs toward PP, the effects of the critical operating variable on the activity were evaluated, and the optimal conditions were as catalyst dose, 0.7 g/L; pH, 6; irradiation time, 90 min; and C_PP, 20 ppm. The Hinshelwood kinetics equation plot was y =  - 6.6442 - 0.4677x (r² = 0.9296), in which its slope as the rate constant of the photodegradation process was 0.4677 min^-1 (corresponding to a t_1/2 value of 1.48 min).

Regulation and photocatalytic degradation mechanism of a hydroxyl modified UiO-66 type metal organic framework

Photocatalytic performance can be effectively improved by modifying the functional groups on the organic ligands of metal organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, the hydroxyl-modified UiO-66 type MOF: UIO-66-2OH(2,3), was successfully synthesized by the method of ligand exchange by the 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalic acid and UIO-66 as raw materials. The mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) by UIO-66-2OH(2,3) shows that the hydroxyl functional group on the organic ligand regulates its electronegativity and expands its light absorption range. The decomposition of MB is carried out in multiple steps under the oxidation of the hydroxyl radical (˙OH). This research result shows the direction for guiding the synthesis of efficient photocatalysts and clarifying the light absorption of MOFs regulated by hydroxyl functional groups.

Detection and Degradation Studies of Nile Blue Sulphate Using Electrochemical and UV-Vis Spectroscopic Techniques

An efficient and reliable electrochemical sensing platform based on COOH-fMWCNTs modified GCE (COOH-fMWCNTs/GCE) was designed for the detection of nanomolar concentration of Nile Blue Sulphate (NBS). In comparison to the bare GCE, the electrochemical sensing scaffold considerably enhanced the peak current response of NBS dye as confirmed from the results of voltammetric investigations. The electrochemical approach of detecting NBS in the droplet of its solution dried over the surface of modified electrode validated, the role of modifier in enhancing the sensing response. Under optimized conditions, the designed electrochemical platform demonstrated a wide linearity range (0.03–10 μM) for NBS, with LOD of 1.21 nM. Moreover, COOH-fMWCNTs/GCE was found reproducible and stable as confirmed by repeatability and inter-day durability tests. The selectivity of the designed sensing matrix was ensured by anti-interference tests. The photocatalytic degradation of NBS dye was carried out by using TiO2 nanoparticles as photocatalyst in the presence of H2O2. UV-visible spectroscopic studies revealed 95% photocatalytic degradation of NBS following a pseudo-first-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.028 min−1. These findings were supported electrochemically by monitoring the photocatalytically degraded dye at the designed sensing platform. The color variation and final decolorization of the selected dye in water served as a visual indicator of the degradation process. To conclude, the designed sensing platform immobilized with COOH-fMWCNTs imparted improved selectivity and sensitivity to detect and to, monitor the photocatalytic degradation of NBS.

Two Cu(i) coordination polymers based on a new benzimidazolyl-tetrazolyl heterotopic ligand for visible-light-driven photocatalytic dye degradation

Two Cu(i) CPs based on a new heterotopic tripodal ligand were constructed and their visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance were studied.

A mechanistic study of the photocatalytic activity of AgI–WO3 in an experimentally designed approach toward methylene blue photodegradation

The visible light-active AgI/WO3 binary photocatalyst has been characterized using XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, cyclic voltammetry (CV), photoluminescence (PL), and UV–vis DRS techniques.

Synthesis of a Mixed-Ligand H-Bonded Cu Coordination Polymer: Exploring the pH-Dependent High Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine 6G, Methyl Violet, Crystal Violet, and Rose Bengal Dyes under Room Illumination

A new mixed-ligand H-bonded coordination polymer {[Cu2(Or)2(Bimb)3]·4H2O} n (KA@CP-S) has been prepared hydrothermally using basic copper carbonate with 1,4-bis[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene (Bimb) and potassium orotate (OrK) ligands. According to topological studies, KA@CP-S has a new topology with a three-connected uninodal net with point symbol (PS) {82·12}2{8}3. The KA@CP-S was employed as a catalyst for screening of a series of harmful cationic, anionic, and neutral organic dyes in contaminated water. The photocatalytic degradation study shows that it exhibits good catalytic efficiency for cationic dyes like Crystal Violet (CV, 75.8%), Methyl Violet (MV, 76.8%), and Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G, 86.5%) and Rose Bengal (RB, 76.1%), which is an anionic dye, while for a neutral dye, its catalytic efficiency is only 72% (Neutral Red) at ambient temperature. The effect of pH on photocatalytic degradation was also analyzed. The degradation experiment reveals that the detection limits of KA@CP-S for mostly catalyzed colorant concentrations in contaminated water are 0.60 ppm (CV), 0.20 ppm (RB), 0.33 ppm (MV), and 0.20 ppm (Rh6G) at pH 12, 4, and 10. The degradation of dyes follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. The excellent catalytic property and regeneration ability of KA@CP-S make it a potential and efficient future remedial material for the detection and separation of toxic dyes from wastewater contaminated by industrial effluents.

Current status and prospects of metal-organic frameworks for bone therapy and bone repair

With the development of society, traumatic bone defects caused by accidents, diseases and surgeries have become common, eventually resulting in an increase in bone defects. The treatment of bone defects is characterized by a long period of treatment, high cost and uncontrollable outcomes. Also, it results in complications such as infection and bone discontinuity. Hence, due to this situation, the physical, mental and financial aspects of the patient are severely affected. What's more, such outcomes pose a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. As a result, bone therapy and bone repair have become a hot topic of interest. In repairing bone defects, materials other than autogenous bone are still unable to provide good biocompatibility, osteogenesis, osteoconductivity and osteoinduction properties at the same time. In addition, the scarcity of autologous bone sources has forced the search for new autologous bone replacement materials. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of developed functional materials that have been widely used in the biomedical field during the recent years due to their porous nature, large specific surface area and diverse structures. With the progress in the investigation into bone treatment and repair, more and more investigators are using MOFs in bone therapy and bone repair. With these viewpoints, in the present perspective, the use of MOFs in bone therapy and bone repair has been summarized, and an insight into the future of MOFs in bone therapy and bone repair has been provided.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides for Methyl Violet and Peat Water Photooxidation

Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides (Zn-Al LDHs) and its calcined form were successfully prepared and utilized for the removal of methyl violet (MV) and treatment of peat water by photocatalytic oxidation. The research was aimed to evaluate the effect of calcination to Zn-Al LDHs for the effect on the physicochemical character and the capability as a photocatalyst. The characterization of the samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmet–Teller specific surface area (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the increased BET specific surface area along with the enhanced porous structure was achieved by the calcination procedure, which is associated with the enhanced interlayer space of d₀₀₃ identified by XRD analysis. Thermal conversion showed an influence to the increased band gap energy from 3.10 eV in the uncalcined Zn-Al LDHs into 3.16 eV for the calcined material. These character changes contributed to the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Zn-AL LDHs by calcination, which was proposed and verified by experiments. It was observed that photocatalytic activity of the material for MV gave about a 45.57% removal of MV and a 68% removal for the natural organic material of the peat water.

Two New 3D Supramolecular Complexes: Photocatalytic Properties and Treatment Activity for Gastric Cancer

Two new coordination polymers, [Cu₂(5-MeO-Hip)₄(py)₄]_n (1) and [Co(5-EtO-ip)(4,4'-bipy)]_n·n(MeOH) (2) (5-MeO-H₂ip is 5-methoxyisophthalic acid, 5-EtO-H₂ip is 5-ethoxyisophthalic acid, py is pyridine, and 4,4'-bipy is 4,4'-bipyridine), were created via solvothermal self-assembly. The thermal steadiness and photocatalytic functions of 1 and 2 were detected, and their application values in gastric cancer and the related mechanism were discussed. CCK-8 assay was used to determine the inhibitory activity toward gastric cancer cells' viability, and real-time RT-PCR was employed to examine the gastric cancer cells' Notch signaling pathway activity.

Improving the photocatalytic activity of NH2-UiO-66 by facile modification with Fe(acac)3 complex for photocatalytic water remediation under visible light illumination

A new and cost-effective photocatalyst was prepared via a facile modification of NH₂-UiO-66 with an iron (III) complex i.e. Fe(acac)₃, in order to enhance the optical properties and charge separation efficiency of pristine MOF. According to the results of UV-Vis DRS and Tauc plot calculations, the band gap value decreased from 2.7 eV to 2.46 eV for final Fe-UiO-66 photocatalyst, showing the improvement of light absorption in the visible region. Moreover, the photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies (EIS) confirmed the efficient separation of electron-hole carriers after introduction of Fe(acac)₃ into the MOF structure. The photo-Fenton reaction was carried out in the presence of photocatalyst and hydrogen peroxide under white LED illumination for degradation of organic dyes (methyl violet 2B, rhodamine B, malachite green, and methylene blue) and tetracycline (TC) as the examples of water pollutants. A significant dye and TC removal up to 92% and 85% were obtained in photo-Fenton system containing Fe-UiO-66 photocatalyst, respectively. The trap experiment using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and Na₂EDTA demonstrated that the major active species for pollutants degradation are hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) and photo-generated holes (h⁺), respectively. Besides, the transfer of photo-generated electron (e^-) to Fe(acac)₃ complex resulted in the reduction of Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ and acceleration of the photo-Fenton reaction. Also, the photocatalyst was found to be very stable during the photo-Fenton reaction according to physicochemical analyses, and it can be reused four times without remarkable decrease in activity.

Structures of Dimer-of-Dimers Type Defect Cubane Tetranuclear Copper(II) Complexes with Novel Dinucleating Ligands

Only a limited number of multinucleating ligands can stably maintain multinuclear metal structures in aqueous solutions. In this study, a water-soluble dinucleating ligand, 2,6-bis{[N-(carboxylatomethyl)-N-methyl-amino]methyl}-4-methylphenolate ((sym-cmp)³⁻), was prepared and its copper(II) complexes were structurally characterized. Using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method, their dimer-of-dimers type defect cubane tetranuclear copper(II) structures were characterized for [Cu₄(sym-cmp)₂Cl₂(H₂O)₂] and [Cu₄(sym-cmp)₂(CH₃O)₂(CH₃OH)₂]. In the complexes, each copper(II) ion has a five-coordinate square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The coordination bond character was confirmed by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation on the basis of the crystal structure, whereby we found the bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals. From the cryomagnetic measurement and the magnetic analysis, overall antiferromagnetic interaction was observed, and this magnetic behavior is also explained by the DFT result. Judging from the molar conductance and the electronic spectra, the bridging chlorido ligand dissociates in water, but the dinuclear copper(II) structure was found to be maintained in an aqueous solution. In conclusion, the tetranuclear copper(II) structures were crystallographically characterized, and the dinuclear copper(II) structures were found to be stabilized even in an aqueous solution.

Metal-organic framework structures of fused hexagonal motifs with cuprophilic interactions of a triangular Cu(I)3(pyrazolate-benzoate) metallo-linker

The reaction of the N,O-heteroditopic bifunctional ligand 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (H2mpba) with Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O and Zn(NO3)2·4H2O or Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) results in concomitant formation of three bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with...

Colloid synthesis of AgGa(S1-xSex)2 solid solution nanocrystals with composition-dependent crystal phase for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet

A series of homogeneous AgGa(S1-xSex)2 solid solutions nanocrystals with controllable composition (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) have been successfully prepared through a facile colloidal synthesis approach. Remarkably, they exhibit an...

Recent advances on bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (BMOFs): Syntheses, applications and challenges

Bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess two different metal ions as nodes in their molecular frameworks. They are prepared by either using one-pot syntheses wherein different metals are mixed with suitable...

Efficient photodegradation of dyes by a new 3D Cd(II) MOF with rare fsh topology

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be regarded as 3D coordination polymers that adopt ordered porous structures and possess abundant active sites, which make them promising photocatalysts for the degradation of organic...

A new 3D 8-connected Cd(ii) MOF as a potent photocatalyst for oxytetracycline antibiotic degradation

1 exhibits the best photocatalytic decomposition efficiency towards antibiotic OXY. The plausible photocatalytic mechanism has been explained with the help of the density of states calculations and Hirshfeld surface analysis.