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Lee MG, Kandambeth S, Li XY, Shekhah O, Ozden A, Wicks J, Ou P, Wang S, Dorakhan R, Park S, Bhatt PM, Kale VS, Sinton D, Eddaoudi M, Sargent EH. Bimetallic Metal Sites in Metal-Organic Frameworks Facilitate the Production of 1-Butene from Electrosynthesized Ethylene. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14267-14277. [PMID: 38717595 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Converting CO2 to synthetic hydrocarbon fuels is of increasing interest. In light of progress in electrified CO2 to ethylene, we explored routes to dimerize to 1-butene, an olefin that can serve as a building block to ethylene longer-chain alkanes. With goal of selective and active dimerization, we investigate a series of metal-organic frameworks having bimetallic catalytic sites. We find that the tunable pore structure enables optimization of selectivity and that periodic pore channels enhance activity. In a tandem system for the conversion of CO2 to 1-C4H8, wherein the outlet cathodic gas from a CO2-to-C2H4 electrolyzer is fed directly (via a dehumidification stage) into the C2H4 dimerizer, we study the highest-performing MOF found herein: M' = Ru and M″ = Ni in the bimetallic two-dimensional M'2(OAc)4M″(CN)4 MOF. We report a 1-C4H8 production rate of 1.3 mol gcat-1 h-1 and a C2H4 conversion of 97%. From these experimental data, we project an estimated cradle-to-gate carbon intensity of -2.1 kg-CO2e/kg-1-C4H8 when CO2 is supplied from direct air capture and when the required energy is supplied by electricity having the carbon intensity of wind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Gyoung Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sharath Kandambeth
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery, and Development (FMD3) research group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Osama Shekhah
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery, and Development (FMD3) research group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Prashant M Bhatt
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery, and Development (FMD3) research group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinayak S Kale
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery, and Development (FMD3) research group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mohamed Eddaoudi
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery, and Development (FMD3) research group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Heinz WR, Staude D, Mayer D, Bunzen H, Fischer RA. Scrutinizing ligand exchange reactions in the formation of the precious group metal-organic framework Ru II,II-HKUST-1: the impact of diruthenium tetracarboxylate precursor and modulator choice. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5226-5235. [PMID: 33881091 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00118c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The precious group metal (PGM) analogues of the iconic metal-organic framework [Cu3(BTC)2] (HKUST-1; BTC = 1,3,5 benzenetricarboxylate) still represent a synthetic challenge, especially if targeting the univalent and ideally defect-free RuII,II variant. Herein we present a systematic study employing the controlled secondary building unit approach (CSA) by using a variety of diruthenium tetracarboxylate complexes [Ru2(RCO2)4] as precursors in the synthesis of univalent Ru-HKUST-1 samples. Carboxylate ligand exchange test reactions suggest the importance of a pKa match between precursor ligand and BTC linker. For example, l-mandelate substituted precursors resulted in the most "perfect" samples of the investigated series with a fourfold increase in crystalline domain sizes compared to the established acetate route (according to PXRD and HR-TEM), high compositional purity (FT-IR, Raman, TGA and elemental analysis) and feature a so far unprecedentedly high BET surface area of 1789 m2 g-1 with the expected pore size distribution and total pore volume all similar to the ideal HKUST-1 parent structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner R Heinz
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Dominik Staude
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - David Mayer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Hana Bunzen
- Chair of Solid-State and Materials Chemistry, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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