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Michel E, Grieser FF, Mackenroth AV, Schukin M, Krämer P, Tahir S, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Light-Induced Metal-Free Generation of Cyanocarbenes from Alkynyl Triazenes for the Synthesis of Nitrile Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309274. [PMID: 37515774 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of alkynyl triazenes is an emerging field for organic chemists and especially acid-induced nucleophilic functionalizations, either directly, or after a prior reaction towards aromatic triazenes under extrusion of nitrogen, paved the way for fruitful strategies. In contrast, the chemical behavior of alkynyl triazenes upon irradiation with light is still unknown. Herein we present the first photoactivation of alkynyl triazenes that triggers an uncommon reactivity pattern involving the cleavage of the N1-N2 bond of the triazene moiety resulting in a unique approach to cyanocarbenes from a readily available, stable, and insensitive precursor. This allows to access various nitrile compounds without the use of a toxic cyanating agent by exploiting the reactivity pattern of carbenes. By variation of the reaction conditions and light sources, different substitution patterns can be obtained selectively in good yields under mild and metal-free conditions, thus introducing the alkynyl triazene unit as a photo accessible methylene nitrile synthon. Using this synthon, subclasses like α-alkoxynitriles, α-aminonitriles and α-cyanohydrazones become easily available. These exhibit synthetically valuable substitution patterns for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, intermediates for total synthesis and amino acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Michel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian F Grieser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Mackenroth
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schukin
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shaista Tahir
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Kumar M, Talakkal AK, Mohapatra RK, Ansari A. Photophysical properties of four-membered BN 3 heterocyclic compounds: theoretical insights. J Mol Model 2023; 29:336. [PMID: 37828393 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Understanding the photochemistry of boron nitrogen (BN)-containing compounds is an important aspect to enhance the various optical and electronic applications. In this work, we have explored the structure, bonding, reactivity, electronic absorption (UV-Vis), and light harvesting efficiency (LHE) of a series of BN3 ring and open-chain systems. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis found that ring systems have a low HOMO-LUMO energy gap as compared to the open-chain systems which insinuates the feasibility of ring systems in the optoelectronic materials. Also, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps have been computed to pursue the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites available at the surface of the compound. Interestingly, we have found that the open-chain compounds show more molecular charge distribution range rather than the ring compounds. The investigation of photophysical properties showed that the UV-Vis absorption significantly red-shifted in BN3 ring systems as compared to open-chain counterparts. Furthermore, light harvesting efficiency (LHE) was also found higher in the ring systems as compared to the BN3 open-chain systems. Moreover, the computed structural parameters are found well corroborated with the available X-ray data. METHODS Structures of all compounds were optimized by using density functional theory (DFT) method, with M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level. All the calculations in this work are carried out in Gaussian 16 program package. GaussView6.1 software was used for the modeling of initial geometries and for the plotting of MEP plots. To account the solvent effect on geometries the polarized continuum model (PCM) was used and tetrahydrofuran (THF) taken as solvent. The NBO6.0 program (incorporated in G16 software) was used for the exploration of bonding nature and stabilization energies of B-N bond. The absorption spectra were simulated by using ORCA 4.2 program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | | | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, 758002, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
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3
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Kuroyanagi S, Kikuchi S, Sumikoshi S, Uwano M, Chiba T, Yamakado R, Okada S. Synthesis of 3‐(Phenylcarbonyl)‐1H‐indazole Derivatives via Intramolecular Cyclization under Mild Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kuroyanagi
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Shumpei Kikuchi
- Yamagata University: Yamagata Daigaku Department of Polymeric and Organic Materials Engineering JAPAN
| | - Shunsuke Sumikoshi
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Mizuho Uwano
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Takayuki Chiba
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Ryohei Yamakado
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science 4-3-16Jonan 992-8510 Yonezawa JAPAN
| | - Shuji Okada
- Yamagata University Graduate School of Organic Materials Science: Yamagata Daigaku Daigakuin Yuki Zairyo System Kenkyuka Department of Organic Materials Science JAPAN
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Guo D, Shi W, Zou G. Suzuki Coupling of Activated Aryltriazenes for Practical Synthesis of Biaryls from Anilines. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Guo
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Rd 200237 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Shi
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Rd 200237 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zou
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Rd 200237 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Prabhala P, Sutar SM, Kalkhambkar RG, Jeong YT. Ultrasonication Assisted α‐Arylation of
N‐
heteroarenes Employing 1‐Aryltriazenes Promoted by Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid under Aerobic Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavankumar Prabhala
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnataka 580001 India
| | - Suraj M. Sutar
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnataka 580001 India
| | - Rajesh G. Kalkhambkar
- Department of Chemistry Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad Karnataka 580001 India
| | - Yeon T. Jeong
- Department of Image Science and Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 608737, Republic of Korea
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Suleymanov AA, Scopelliti R, Severin K. Synthesis of Four-Membered BN 3 Heterocycles by the Borylation of Triazenes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1546-1551. [PMID: 34986634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Borylated triazenes were synthesized by the dehydrocoupling of triazenes with 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane, by the condensation of triazenes with BEt3, or by the reaction of sodium triazenides with dialkyl- or diarylboron halides. The structures of the products were found to depend on the size of the substituents. Sterically demanding mesityl groups at boron or nitrogen gave rise to open-chain structures, whereas smaller substituents led to the formation of novel BN3 heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Davis GJ, Townsend JA, Morrow MG, Hamie M, Shepard AJ, Hsieh CC, Marty MT, Jewett JC. Protein Modification via Mild Photochemical Isomerization of Triazenes to Release Aryl Diazonium Ions. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2432-2438. [PMID: 34730351 PMCID: PMC8820681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of phenyl diazenyl piperidine triazene derivatives that can be activated to release aryl diazonium ions for labeling of proteins using light. These probes show marked bench stability at room temperature and can be photoisomerized via low-intensity UVA irradiation at physiological pH. Upon isomerization, the triazenes are rendered more basic and readily protonate to release reactive aryl diazonium ions. It was discovered that the intensity and duration of the UV light was essential to the observed diazonium ion reactivity in competition with the traditionally observed photolytic radical pathways. The combination of their synthetic efficiency coupled with their overall stability makes triazenes an attractive candidate for use in bioconjugation applications. Bioorthogonal handles on the triazenes are used to demonstrate the ease by which proteins can be modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Julia A. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Madeline G. Morrow
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Mohamed Hamie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Abigail J. Shepard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Chih-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Michael T. Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - John C. Jewett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Building 41, Room 104, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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8
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Vinyl and Alkynyl Triazenes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Zhang Y, Tang C, Liu Y, Liu C. Research Progress of Aryltriazene as Aryl Precursor and Aryl-Azo Precursors in Organic Synthesis. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Suleymanov AA, Severin K. Vinyl and Alkynyl Triazenes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:6879-6889. [PMID: 33142011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic compounds containing triazenyl groups (N3 RR') have a profound impact on synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry. In contrast, the chemistry of vinyl and alkynyl triazenes was a largely uncharted territory until recently. The situation has changed over the last five years, and it has become apparent that vinyl and alkynyl triazenes are highly interesting compounds with a unique reactivity. The electron-donating properties of the triazenyl group provide alkynyl triazenes with an ynamide-like reactivity, which can be exploited in reactions of the triple bond. Vinyl triazenes, on the other hand, can be used for electrophilic vinylation reactions. The foundation for this new triazene chemistry are synthetic pathways which allow preparing vinyl and alkynyl triazenes in few steps from readily available starting materials. In this Minireview, we summarize recent developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Synthesis, characterization, and theoretical investigation of optical and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of triazene-based push–pull chromophores. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Suleymanov AA, Le Du E, Dong Z, Muriel B, Scopelliti R, Fadaei-Tirani F, Waser J, Severin K. Triazene-Activated Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Ring-Opening and (3 + 2) Annulation Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:4517-4522. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eliott Le Du
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhaowen Dong
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bastian Muriel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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