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Beament B, Britton D, Malcomson T, Akien GR, Halcovitch NR, Coogan MP, Platel RH. Selective Transesterification to Control Copolymer Microstructure in the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Lactide and ε-Caprolactone by Lanthanum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:280-293. [PMID: 38126711 PMCID: PMC10777408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel lanthanum amido complexes, supported by ligands designed around the salan framework (salan = N,N'-bis(o-hydroxy, m-di-tert-butylbenzyl)-1,2-diaminoethane) were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid and solution states. The ligands incorporate benzyl or 2-pyridyl substituents at each tertiary amine center. The complexes were investigated as catalysts in the ring-opening homopolymerization of lactide (LA) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) and copolymerization of equimolar amounts of LA and ε-CL at ambient temperature. Solvent (THF or toluene) and the number of 2-pyridyl groups in the complex were found to influence the reactivity of the catalysts in copolymerization reactions. In all cases, complete conversion of LA to PLA was observed. The use of THF, a coordinating solvent, suppressed ε-CL polymerization, while the presence of one or more 2-pyridyl groups promoted ε-CL polymerization. Each copolymer gave a monomodal trace in gel permeation chromatography-size-exclusion chromatography (GPC-SEC) experiments, indicative of copolymer formation over homopolymerization. Copolymer microstructure was found to be dependent on catalyst structure and reaction solvent, ranging from blocky to close to alternating. Experiments revealed rapid conversion of LA in the initial stages of the reaction, followed by incorporation of ε-CL into the copolymer by either transesterification or propagation reactions. Significantly, the mode of transesterification (TI or TII) that occurs is determined by the structure of the metal complex and the reaction solvent, leading to the possibility of controlling copolymer microstructure through catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bette Beament
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Britton
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Malcomson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey R. Akien
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan R. Halcovitch
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Coogan
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel H. Platel
- Department
of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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2
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Aroua LM, Ali R, Albadri AEAE, Messaoudi S, Alminderej FM, Saleh SM. A New, Extremely Sensitive, Turn-Off Optical Sensor Utilizing Schiff Base for Fast Detection of Cu(II). BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:359. [PMID: 36979571 PMCID: PMC10046006 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Throughout this research, a unique optical sensor for detecting one of the most dangerous heavy metal ions, Cu(II), was designed and developed. The (4-mercaptophenyl) iminomethylphenyl naphthalenyl carbamate (MNC) sensor probe was effectively prepared. The Schiff base of the sensor shows a "turn-off" state with excellent sensitivity to Cu(II) ions. This innovative fluorescent chemosensor possesses distinctive optical features with a substantial Stocks shift (about 114 nm). In addition, MNC has remarkable selectivity for Cu(II) relative to other cations. Density functional theory (DFT) and the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) theoretical calculations were performed to examine Cu(II) chelation structures and associated electronic properties in solution, and the results indicate that the luminescence quenching in this complex is due to ICT. Chelation-quenched fluorescence is responsible for the internal charge transfer (ICT)-based selectivity of the MNC sensing molecule for Cu(II) ions. In a 1:9 (v/v) DMSO-HEPES buffer (20 mM, pH = 7.4) solution, Fluorescence and UV-Vis absorption of the MNC probe and Cu(II) ions were investigated. By utilizing a solution containing several metal ions, the interference of other metal ions was studied. This MNC molecule has outstanding selectivity and sensitivity, as well as a low LOD (1.45 nM). Consequently, these distinctive properties enable it to find the copper metal ions across an actual narrow dynamic range (0-1.2 M Cu(II)). The reversibility of the sensor was obtained by employing an EDTA as a powerful chelating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi M. Aroua
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry-Synthesis and Physicochemical Studies (LR99ES14), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Reham Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Abuzar E. A. E. Albadri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Jarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Sayed M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.M.A.); (R.A.); (A.E.A.E.A.); (S.M.); (F.M.A.)
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
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3
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Feng C, Mu D, Zhu X, Wang Y, Yuan D, Yao Y. Synthesis of Benzoxazine Functionalized Amine‐Bridged Bis(phenolato) Rare Earth Complexes and Their Application in Ring‐Opening Polymerization of
rac
‐Lactide. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Debao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xuehua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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Tian T, Feng C, Wang Y, Zhu X, Yuan D, Yao Y. Synthesis of N-Methyl- o-phenylenediamine-Bridged Bis(phenolato) Lanthanide Alkoxides and Their Catalytic Performance for the (Co)Polymerization of rac-Butyrolactone and l-Lactide. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9918-9929. [PMID: 35723524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of lanthanide alkoxo complexes supported by ONNO salalen ligands were synthesized and characterized. A one-pot reaction of LH2 (L = (2-O-C6H2-tBu2-3,5)CH═N-C6H4-N(CH3)CH2(2-O-C6H2-tBu2-3,5)) with LnCp3(THF) in a 1:1 molar ratio followed by the addition of 1 equiv of ROH (R = Bn, iPr, and CF3CH2), afforded the dimeric lanthanide alkoxo complexes [LLn(μ-OCH2Ph)]2 [Ln = Lu (1), Yb (2), Sm (3), Nd (4)], [L2Yb(μ-OiPr)]2 (5), and [L2Yb(μ-OCH2CF3)]2 (6) in good isolated yields. All these lanthanide complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. In addition, complex 1 has been characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of complexes 1, 2, 5, and 6 showed that these lanthanide alkoxo complexes are dimeric in the solid state. Complexes 1-6 showed good activity toward the homopolymerization of rac-butyrolactone (rac-BBL) to give atactic PHB, and ionic radii of central metals have profound influence on the polymerization. The polymerization behavior of l-lactide (l-LA) initiated by complex 2 was also explored. The kinetic study revealed that the polymerizations of rac-BBL and l-LA initiated by salalen lanthanide akoxide are first order for both the monomer and the initiator concentrations. Furthermore, it was found that complexes 1 and 2 showed good activity in the copolymerization of l-LA and rac-BBL, affording gradient copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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5
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Mou Z, Xing F, Gu J. Halogenated
β‐diketiminato
magnesium complexes: Preparation, characterization, and catalysis for ring‐opening polymerization of aliphatic lactones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehuai Mou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Fangyu Xing
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Jialu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
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Qian C, Yuan D, Wang Y, Yao Y. Aluminium complexes supported by a thioether-bridged salen ligand: synthesis, characterization and application in ε-caprolactone homopolymerization and copolymerization with L-lactide. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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7
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D'Auria I, Lamberti M, Rescigno R, Venditto V, Mazzeo M. Copolymerization of L-Lactide and ε-Caprolactone promoted by zinc complexes with phosphorus based ligands. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07630. [PMID: 34381896 PMCID: PMC8339243 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc complexes 1 and 2 bearing chelating phosphorous based pincer ligands were found to catalyze the ring-opening copolymerization of L-lactide and ε-caprolactone in the melt at 110 °C to obtain a series of random copolymers in which the monomer distributions were coherent with the monomer ratio in the feed. All the obtained copolymers showed high molecular masses with monomodal and moderately narrow distributions. The thermal properties of the achieved copolymers (Tg, glass transition temperature, and Tm, melting temperature) were strongly dependent on their composition. A linear dependence of Tg with molar percentage of lactide in the copolymers was observed over a temperature range from -59 °C (pure polycaprolactone) to 55 °C (pure polylactide).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria D'Auria
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Marina Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rescigno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,INSTM Research Unit, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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8
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Nifant’ev I, Komarov P, Ovchinnikova V, Kiselev A, Minyaev M, Ivchenko P. Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Study of Mg, Al and Zn Aryloxy Complexes in Copolymerization of Cyclic Esters: The Role of the Metal Coordination in Formation of Random Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2273. [PMID: 33023256 PMCID: PMC7600584 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogeneity of copolymers is a general problem of catalytic coordination polymerization. In ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters, the rational design of the catalyst is generally applied to solve this problem by the equalization of the reactivities of comonomers-however, it often leads to a reduction of catalytic activity. In the present paper, we studied the catalytic behavior of BnOH-activated complexes (ВНТ)Mg(THF)2nBu (1), (ВНТ)2AlMe (2) and [(ВНТ)ZnEt]2 (3), based on 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT-H) in homo- and copolymerization of L-lactide (lLA) and ε-caprolactone (εCL). Even at 1:5 lLA/εCL ratio Mg complex 1 catalyzed homopolymerization of lLA without involving εCL to the formation of the polymer backbone. On the contrary, Zn complex 3 efficiently catalyzed random lLA/εCL copolymerization; the presence of mono-lactate subunits in the copolymer chain clearly pointed to the transesterification mechanism of copolymer formation. Both epimerization and transesterification side processes were analyzed using the density functional theory (DFT) modeling that confirmed the qualitative difference in catalytic behavior of 1 and 3: Mg and Zn complexes demonstrated different types of preferable coordination on the PLA chain (k2 and k3, respectively) with the result that complex 3 catalyzed controlled εCL ROP/PLA transesterification, providing the formation of lLA/εCL copolymers that contain mono-lactate fragments separated by short oligo(εCL) chains. The best results in the synthesis of random lLA/εCL copolymers were obtained during experiments on transesterification of commercially available PLLA, the applicability of 3/BnOH catalyst in the synthesis of random copolymers of εCL with methyl glycolide, ethyl ethylene phosphonate and ethyl ethylene phosphate was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1–3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Miasnitskaya Str. 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Komarov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Valeriya Ovchinnikova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Artem Kiselev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Miasnitskaya Str. 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Minyaev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1–3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Avenue 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (V.O.); (A.K.); (M.M.)
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