1
|
Royla P, Schwedtmann K, Han Z, Fidelius J, Gates DP, Gomila RM, Frontera A, Weigand JJ. Cationic Phosphinidene as a Versatile P 1 Building Block: [L C-P] + Transfer from Phosphonio-Phosphanides [L C-P-PR 3] + and Subsequent L C Replacement Reactions (L C = N-Heterocyclic Carbene). J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10364-10375. [PMID: 37105536 PMCID: PMC10177976 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Cationic imidazoliumyl(phosphonio)-phosphanides [LC-P-PR3]+ (1a-e+, LC = 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-diisopropylimidazolium-2-yl; R = alkyl, aryl) are obtained via the nucleophilic fragmentation of tetracationic tetraphosphetane [(LC-P)4][OTf]4 (2[OTf]4) with tertiary phosphanes. They act as [LC-P]+ transfer reagents in phospha-Wittig-type reactions, when converted with various thiocarbonyls, giving unprecedented cationic phosphaalkenes [LC-P═CR2]+ (5a-f[OTf]) or phosphanides [LC-P-CR(NR2')]+ (6a-d[OTf]). Theoretical calculations suggest that three-membered cyclic thiophosphiranes are crucial intermediates of this reaction. To test this hypothesis, treatment of [LC-P-PPh3]+ with phosphaalkenes, that are isolobal to thioketones, permits the isolation of diphosphirane salts 11a,b[OTf]. Furthermore, preliminary studies suggest that the cationic phosphaalkene [LC-P═CPh2]+ may be employed to access rare examples of η2-P═C π-complexes with Pd0 and Pt0 when treated with [Pd(PPh3)4] and [Pt(PPh3)3] for which analogous complexes of neutral phosphaalkenes are scarce. The versatility of [LC-P]+ as a valuable P1 building block was showcased in substitution reactions of the transferred LC-substituent using nucleophiles. This is demonstrated through the reactions of 5a[OTf] and 6c[OTf] with Grignard reagents and KNPh2, providing a convenient, high-yielding access to MesP═CPh2 (16) and otherwise difficult-to-synthesize 1,3-diphosphetane 17 and P-aminophosphaalkenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Royla
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Schwedtmann
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zeyu Han
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1 Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jannis Fidelius
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1 Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rosa M. Gomila
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitat de Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de
Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitat de Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de
Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Chair
of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Janssen M, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Kinetically Stabilized Diarylpnictogenium Ions. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200429. [PMID: 36670087 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The newly prepared and fully characterized stibenium and bismuthenium ions [Rind MesE]+ (E=Sb, Bi; Rind =dispiro[fluorene-9,3'-(1',1',7',7'-tetramethyl-s-hydrindacen-4'-yl)-5',9''-fluorene) were rigorously compared to the previously communicated phosphenium and arsenium ions (E=P, As) as well as the bis(m-terphenyl) pnictogenium ions [(2,6-Mes2 C6 H3 )2 E]+ (E=Sb, Bi). It is demonstrated that the choice of the aryl substituents dramatically effects the molecular structures (e. g. the primary E-C bond lengths) and the electronic structures (e. g. the energy of the LUMOs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Janssen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barthélemy A, Scherer H, Krossing I. Direct Comparison of Subvalent, Polycationic Group 13 Cluster Compounds: Lessons learned on Isoelectronic DMPE Substituted Gallium and Indium Tetracation Salts. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201369. [PMID: 35695015 PMCID: PMC9796046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tetracationic, univalent cluster compounds [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ (M=Ga, In; dmpe=bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) were synthesized as their pf salts ([pf]- =[Al(ORF )4 ]- ; RF =C(CF3 )3 ). The four-membered ring in [{M(dmpe)}4 ]4+ is slightly puckered for M=Ga and almost square planar for M=In. Yet, although structurally similar, only the gallium cluster is prevalent in solution, while the indium cluster forms temperature dependent equilibria that include even the monomeric cation [In(dmpe)]+ . This system is the first report of one and the same ligand inducing formation of isoelectronic and isostructural gallium/indium cluster cations. The system allows to study systematically analogies and differences with thermodynamic considerations and bonding analyses, but also to outline perspectives for bond activation using cationic, subvalent group 13 clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Barthélemy
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität FreiburgAlbertstr. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moerman A, Sosa Carrizo ED, Théron B, Cattey H, Le Gendre P, Fleurat-Lessard P, Normand AT. Template Synthesis of NPN' Pincer-type Ligands at Titanium Using an Ambiphilic Phosphide Scaffold. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7642-7653. [PMID: 35500277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ti-imido complex [TiCl(NtBu)(BIPP)] [1; BIPP = bis(iminophosphoranyl)phosphide ligand] reacts with terminal alkynes R-C≡CH (R = phenyl, isopropenyl, cyclopropyl, and 2-pyridyl) via P-P bond cleavage of the BIPP ligand. The resulting complexes [TiCl(NPN')(NPhPPh2)] (2a-d) contain a pincer-type NPN' phosphide ligand that incorporates the terminal alkyne and the imido ligand from complex 1. Complexes 2a-d feature two chiral centers (Ti and P) with interdependent absolute configurations; thus, they are formed stereoselectively. Complex 2a (R = phenyl) undergoes chloride abstraction with [Et3SiHSiEt3][B(C6F5)4], yielding [Ti(NPN')(NPhPPh2)][B(C6F5)4] (3). Complex 3 is a moderately active and stereoselective initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. Complex 3 activates the C═O bond of 4-iodobenzaldehyde to give complex 4 as a single diastereomer despite the presence of three chiral centers. Complex 3 undergoes transmetallation with SbCl3, yielding [Sb(NPN')][B(C6F5)4] (5) and [TiCl3(NPhPPh2)] (6) selectively. The bonding situation in 3 and 5 was analyzed using Bader's atoms in molecules and the electron localization function, showing that the nitrogen atoms of the NPN' ligand are electronically similar, and that the metal-phosphide interaction is more polar in the case of titanium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Moerman
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Benjamin Théron
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Pierre Le Gendre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Paul Fleurat-Lessard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Adrien T Normand
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de L'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon 21000, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Belen’kii LI, Gazieva GA, Evdokimenkova YB, Soboleva NO. The literature of heterocyclic chemistry, Part XX, 2020. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
|
6
|
Kumar V, Gonnade RG, Yildiz CB, Majumdar M. Stabilization of the Elusive Antimony(I) Cation and Its Coordination Complexes with Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Cem B. Yildiz
- Department of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Aksaray University 68100 Aksaray Turkey
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deb R, Balakrishna P, Majumdar M. Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Pn(I) (Pn=N, P, As, Sb, Bi) Cations. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101133. [PMID: 34786856 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Group 15 Pn(I) cations (Pn=N, P, As, Sb and Bi), which are isoelectronic with the donor-stabilized carbones, have emerged recently. Despite the presence of two lone pair of electrons, the Pn(I) cations are weakly nucleophilic due to their inherent positive charge. Strongly electron-donating supporting ligands including zwitterionic forms have been used to enhance their Lewis basicity. Furthermore, the chelating effect of cyclic ligand systems proved effective in increasing their nucleophilicity. The strategies involved in successfully isolating the fleeting Sb(I) and Bi(I) cations as the recent most achievements in this field have been discussed. The syntheses, structure, bonding situations and reactivity of the Pn(I) cations are discussed. An outlook on the periodic trends and future applications of these electronically unique electron-rich cationic moieties have been provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Deb
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Balakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kumar V, Gonnade RG, Yildiz CB, Majumdar M. Stabilization of the Elusive Antimony(I) Cation and Its Coordination Complexes with Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25522-25529. [PMID: 34505340 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Upon stabilization by 5,6-bis(diisopropylphosphino)acenaphthene to form compound 1, the fugitive antimony (I) cation exhibited nucleophilic behavior towards coinage metals. Compound 1 was strategically synthesized at room temperature from SbCl3 , the bis(phosphine), and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate taken in a 1:2:3 ratio, whereby the bis(phosphine) plays the dual role of a reductant and a supporting ligand. The generation of 1 involves two-electron oxidation of the ligand to form a P-P bonded diphosphonium dication. Compound 1 was separated from this dication to give both products in pure form in moderate yields. Despite the overall positive charge, the SbI site in 1 was found to bind to metal centers, forming complexes with AuI , AgI and CuI . Compound 1 reduced CuII to CuI and formed a coordination complex with the resulting CuI species. The effects of the electron-rich bis(phosphine) and the constrained peri geometry in stabilizing and enhancing the nucleophilicity of 1 have been rationalized through computational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Cem B Yildiz
- Department of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Aksaray University, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Normand AT, Sosa Carrizo ED, Magnoux C, Lobato E, Cattey H, Richard P, Brandès S, Devillers CH, Romieu A, Le Gendre P, Fleurat-Lessard P. Reappraising Schmidpeter's bis(iminophosphoranyl)phosphides: coordination to transition metals and bonding analysis. Chem Sci 2020; 12:253-269. [PMID: 34163594 PMCID: PMC8178813 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04736h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a range of bis(iminophosphoranyl)phosphide (BIPP) group 4 and coinage metals complexes is reported. BIPP ligands bind group 4 metals in a pseudo fac-fashion, and the central phosphorus atom enables the formation of d0-d10 heterobimetallic complexes. Various DFT computational tools (including AIM, ELF and NCI) show that the phosphorus-metal interaction is either electrostatic (Ti) or dative (Au, Cu). A bridged homobimetallic Cu-Cu complex was also prepared and its spectroscopic properties were investigated. The theoretical analysis of the P-P bond in BIPP complexes reveals that (i) BIPP are closely related to ambiphilic triphosphenium (TP) cations; (ii) the P-P bonds are normal covalent (i.e. not dative) in both BIPP and TP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien T Normand
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Corentin Magnoux
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Esteban Lobato
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Philippe Richard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Stéphane Brandès
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Charles H Devillers
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Anthony Romieu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Pierre Le Gendre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| | - Paul Fleurat-Lessard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21000 Dijon France
| |
Collapse
|