1
|
Yan JJ, Wu Y, Zhai W, Yang N, Li HX, Yang W, Lu C, Young DJ, Ren ZG. A Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Ag/P/S Complex Showing Solvochromic and Mechanochromic Photoluminescence. Molecules 2023; 28:5513. [PMID: 37513384 PMCID: PMC10384712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction of CF3COOAg, 3-bdppmapy (N,N-bis(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)-3-aminopyridine) and HTZ (1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol) in CH2Cl2/MeOH resulted in a dinuclear Ag/P/S complex [Ag2(TZ)2(3-bdppmapy)2]·xSol (1·xSol). Crystals of 1·xSol converted to 1·2MeOH in air at room temperature and further to 1 under vacuum upon heating. The solid-state, room-temperature photoluminescent emission of 1·xSol (510 nm) shifted to 494 nm (1·2MeOH) and 486 nm (1). Grinding solids of 1·2MeOH in air resulted in amorphous 1G characterized by solid-state emission at 468 nm, which converted to 1GR with 513 nm emission upon MeOH treatment. Grinding 1GR in air returned 1G, and this interconversion was reproducible over five cycles. The solid-state photoluminescence of 1G changed in response to vapors containing low-molecular weight alcohols but remained unchanged after exposure to other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or to water vapor. Test papers impregnated with 1G could detect methanol in vapors from aqueous solutions at concentrations above 50%. Complex 1G is, therefore, an example of a stimuli-responsive molecular sensor for the detection of alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun Yan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weijia Zhai
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ningwen Yang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, China
| | - Chengrong Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - David James Young
- Glasgow College UESTC, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Romo-Islas G, Ward JS, Rissanen K, Rodríguez L. Heterometallic Au(I)-Cu(I) Clusters: Luminescence Studies and 1O 2 Production. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8101-8111. [PMID: 37191273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Two different organometallic gold(I) compounds containing naphthalene and phenanthrene as fluorophores and 2-pyridyldiphenylphosphane as the ancillary ligand were synthesized (compounds 1 with naphthalene and 2 with phenanthrene). They were reacted with three different copper(I) salts with different counterions (PF6-, OTf-, and BF4-; OTf = triflate) to obtain six Au(I)/Cu(I) heterometallic clusters (compounds 1a-c for naphthalene derivatives and 2a-c for phenanthrene derivatives). The heterometallic compounds present red pure room-temperature phosphorescence in both solution, the solid state, and air-equilibrated samples, as a difference with the dual emission recorded for the gold(I) precursors 1 and 2. The presence of Au(I)-Cu(I) metallophilic contacts has been identified using single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure resolution of two of the compounds, which play a direct role in the resulting red-shifted emission with respect to the gold(I) homometallic precursors. Polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymeric matrices were doped with our luminescent compounds, and the resulting changes in their emissive properties were analyzed and compared with those previously recorded in the solution and the solid state. All complexes were tested to analyze their ability to produce 1O2 and present very good values of ΦΔ up to 50%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Romo-Islas
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jas S Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tetranuclear Copper(I) and Silver(I) Pyrazolate Adducts with 1,1'-Dimethyl-2,2'-bibenzimidazole: Influence of Structure on Photophysics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031189. [PMID: 36770855 PMCID: PMC9920877 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A reaction of a cyclic trinuclear copper(I) or silver(I) pyrazolate complex ([MPz]3, M = Cu, Ag) with 1,1'-dimethyl-2,2'-bibenzimidazole (L) leads to the formation of tetranuclear adducts decorated by one or two molecules of a diimine ligand, depending on the amount of the ligand added (0.75 or 1.5 equivalents). The coordination of two L molecules stabilizes the formation of a practically idealized tetrahedral four-metal core in the case of a copper-containing complex and a distorted tetrahedron in the case of a Ag analog. In contrast, complexes containing one molecule of diimine possess two types of metals, two- and three-coordinated, forming the significantly distorted central M4 cores. The diimine ligands are twisted in these complexes with dihedral angles of ca. 50-60°. A TD-DFT analysis demonstrated the preference of a triplet state for the twisted 1,1'-dimethyl-2,2'-bibenzimidazole and a singlet state for the planar geometry. All obtained complexes demonstrated, in a solution, the blue fluorescence of the ligand-centered (LC) nature typical for free diimine. In contrast, a temperature decrease to 77 K stabilized the structure close to that observed in the solid state and activated the triplet states, leading to green phosphorescence at ca. 500 nm. The silver-containing complex Ag4Pz4L exhibited dual emission from both the singlet and triplet states, even at room temperature.
Collapse
|
4
|
Beaudelot J, Oger S, Peruško S, Phan TA, Teunens T, Moucheron C, Evano G. Photoactive Copper Complexes: Properties and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16365-16609. [PMID: 36350324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed and photosensitized chemical processes have seen growing interest recently and have become among the most active areas of chemical research, notably due to their applications in fields such as medicine, chemical synthesis, material science or environmental chemistry. Among all homogeneous catalytic systems reported to date, photoactive copper(I) complexes have been shown to be especially attractive, not only as alternative to noble metal complexes, and have been extensively studied and utilized recently. They are at the core of this review article which is divided into two main sections. The first one focuses on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties of mononuclear copper(I) complexes, typical examples highlighting the most critical structural parameters and their impact on the properties being presented to enlighten future design of photoactive copper(I) complexes. The second section is devoted to their main areas of application (photoredox catalysis of organic reactions and polymerization, hydrogen production, photoreduction of carbon dioxide and dye-sensitized solar cells), illustrating their progression from early systems to the current state-of-the-art and showcasing how some limitations of photoactive copper(I) complexes can be overcome with their high versatility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Beaudelot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Oger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefano Peruško
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tuan-Anh Phan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000Mons, Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lou X, Tian Y, Wang Z. Synthesis, structures, and photophysical properties of two Cu(I) complexes supported by N-heterocyclic carbene and phosphine ligands. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2022-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two new cationic four-coordinate Cu(I) complexes supported by different chelating N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and the diphosphine ligand bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether (POP) have been synthesized. The chemical structures of both complexes have been characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 31P NMR, and mass spectroscopy, and the crystal structure of one complex has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Results of theoretical calculations indicate that the lowest energy electronic transitions of these complexes are mainly the metal-to-ligand charge transfer and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer transitions. The complexes in solid state show intense emissions with high photoluminescence quantum yields. The photophysical behavior at 298 and 77K shows that emissions of these complexes at room temperature are thermally activated delayed fluorescence mixed with phosphorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Lou
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang 471934 , P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang 471934 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang 471934 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Titov AA, Smol'yakov AF, Godovikov IA, Yu. Chernyadyev A, Molotkov AP, Loginov DA, Filippov OA, Belkova NV, Shubina ES. The role of weak intermolecular interactions in photophysical behavior of isocoumarins on the example of their interaction with cyclic trinuclear silver(I) pyrazolate†. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
7
|
Housecroft CE, Constable EC. TADF: Enabling luminescent copper(i) coordination compounds for light-emitting electrochemical cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2022; 10:4456-4482. [PMID: 35433007 PMCID: PMC8944257 DOI: 10.1039/d1tc04028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has seen a surge of interest in the emissive behaviour of copper(i) coordination compounds, both neutral compounds that may have applications in organic light-emitting doides (OLEDs) and copper-based ionic transition metal complexes (Cu-iTMCs) with potential use in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). One of the most exciting features of copper(i) coordination compounds is their possibility to exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in which the energy separation of the excited singlet (S1) and excited triplet (T1) states is very small, permitting intersystem crossing (ISC) and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) to occur at room temperature without the requirement for the large spin-orbit coupling inferred by the presence of a heavy metal such as iridium. In this review, we focus mainly in Cu-iTMCs, and illustrate how the field of luminescent compounds and those exhibiting TADF has developed. Copper(i) coordination compounds that class as Cu-iTMCs include those containing four-coordinate [Cu(P^P)(N^N)]+ (P^P = large-bite angle bisphosphane, and N^N is typically a diimine), [Cu(P)2(N^N)]+ (P = monodentate phosphane ligand), [Cu(P)(tripodal-N3)]+, [Cu(P)(N^N)(N)]+ (N = monodentate N-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(N^S)]+ (N^S = chelating N,S-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(P^S)]+ (P^S = chelating P,S-donor ligand), [Cu(P^P)(NHC)]+ (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) coordination domains, dinuclear complexes with P^P and N^N ligands, three-coordinate [Cu(N^N)(NHC)]+ and two-coordinate [Cu(N)(NHC)]+ complexes. We pay particular attention to solid-state structural features, e.g. π-stacking interactions and other inter-ligand interactions, which may impact on photoluminescence quantum yields. Where emissive Cu-iTMCs have been tested in LECs, we detail the device architectures, and this emphasizes differences which make it difficult to compare LEC performances from different investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ju P, Huang Q, Zhang R, Chen JL, Zhao F, Liu SJ, Wen HR. A tricolor-switchable stimuli-responsive luminescent binuclear Cu( i) complex with switchable NH⋯O interactions. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00359g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Blue-green-yellow tricolor luminescence conversion is attributed to the loss and recovery of CH2Cl2 solvent molecules and the destruction and restoration of the orderly packing array caused by the breaking and rebuilding of NH⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ju
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Sui-Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - He-Rui Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yin X, Liu C, Liu S, Cao M, Rawson JM, Xu Y, Zhang B. Structural characterization and luminescence properties of trigonal Cu( i) iodine/bromine complexes comprising cation–π interactions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trigonal copper(i) complexes comprising cation–π interactions achieve satisfactory photoluminescence properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yin
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Cao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu P, Peng D, He LH, Chen JL, Wang JY, Liu SJ, Wen HR. A Mechanochromic and Vapochromic Luminescent Cuprous Complex Based on a Switchable Intramolecular π···π Interaction. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:254-264. [PMID: 34951312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An in-depth study on a stimuli-responsive tetranuclear cuprous luminescent complex is reported and gives new insights into the origin and possible use of the observed stimuli-responsive luminescence. Its crystalline polymorphs with two different shapes are obtained by using different crystallization solvents and show distinct emissions, with one being blue emissive and the other being yellow emissive. Upon grinding, only the blue-emitting polymorph has a marked change in the emission color from blue to yellow, and its ground sample exhibits a yellow emission similar to that of the yellow-emitting polymorph. Interestingly, the yellow-emitting polymorph after exposure to acetone vapor can emit a blue emission and display luminescence mechanochromism similar to that of the blue-emitting polymorph. Single-crystal structural analyses of the two different polymorphs reveal the relationship between the mechanochromic luminescence and the geometrical configuration of the {Cu(μ-dppm)2Cu} unit and intramolecular "pyridyl/phenyl" π···π interactions, supported as well by their PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, and PL studies in various states and by TD-DFT analyses. The results demonstrate the different roles of switchable intramolecular π···π interactions and the geometrical configuration of the {Cu(μ-dppm)2Cu} unit in this stimuli-responsive luminescence and potential applications of such stimuli-responsive luminescence in optical sensing and anticounterfeiting encryption technologies and deepen the understanding of such stimuli-responsive luminescence originating from switchable intramolecular π···π interactions. In addition, it is clearly suggested that the rational utilization of switchable intramolecular π···π interactions is a feasible route for developing stimuli-responsive intelligent luminescent materials and devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Lin Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sui-Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Rui Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mononuclear Copper(I) 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole Complexes: The Crucial Role of Phosphine on Photoluminescence. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226869. [PMID: 34833961 PMCID: PMC8620892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of emissive Cu(I) cationic complexes with 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-phenyl-pyrazole and various phosphines: dppbz (1), Xantphos (2), DPEPhos (3), PPh3 (4), and BINAP (5) were designed and characterized. Complexes obtained exhibit bright yellow-green emission (ca. 520–650 nm) in the solid state with a wide range of QYs (1–78%) and lifetimes (19–119 µs) at 298 K. The photoluminescence efficiency dramatically depends on the phosphine ligand type. The theoretical calculations of buried volumes and excited states explained the emission behavior for 1–5 as well as their lifetimes. The bulky and rigid phosphines promote emission efficiency through the stabilization of singlet and triplet excited states.
Collapse
|