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Zheng J, Wu M, Pang Y, Liu Q, Liu Y, Jin X, Tang J, Bao L, Niu Y, Zheng Y, Zhang R. Interior decorative volatile organic compounds exposure induces sleep disorders through aberrant branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 mediated glutamatergic signaling resulting from a neuroinflammatory cascade. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173254. [PMID: 38761924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution has been recognized as a contributing factor to sleep disorders (SD), which have been correlated with an elevated susceptibility to a variety of human diseases. Nevertheless, research has not definitively established a connection between SD and interior decorative volatile organic compounds (ID-VOCs), a significant indoor air pollutant. In this study, we employed a mouse model exposed to ID-VOCs to explore the impacts of ID-VOCs exposure on sleep patterns and the potential underlying mechanism. Of the 23 key compositions of ID-VOCs identified, aromatic hydrocarbons were found to be the most prevalent. Exposure to ID-VOCs in mice resulted in SD, characterized by prolonged wake fullness and decreased sleep during the light period. ID-VOCs exposure triggered neuroinflammatory responses in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), with microglia activation leading to the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and complement component 1q (C1q), ultimately inducing A1 astrocytes. Consequently, the upregulation of branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 (BCAT2) in A1 astrocytes resulted in elevated extracellular glutamate and disruption of the wake-sleep transition mechanism, which might be the toxicological mechanism of SD caused by ID-VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jinglong Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China.
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Qiu Y, Yan J, Yue A, Lu Z, Tan J, Guo H, Ding Y, Lyu F, Fu Y. A comprehensive review of biodetoxification of trichothecenes: Mechanisms, limitations and novel strategies. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114275. [PMID: 38609252 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Trichothecenes are Fusarium mycotoxins with sesquiterpenoid structure, which are widely occurred in grains. Due to high efficiency and environmental friendliness, biological detoxification methods have been of great interest to treat this global food and feed safety concern. This review summarized the biological detoxification methods of trichothecenes from three aspects, biosorption, biotransformation and biotherapy. The detoxification efficiency, characteristics, mechanisms and limitations of different strategies were discussed in detail. Computer-aided design will bring a new research paradigm for more efficient discovery of biodetoxifier. Integrating different detoxification approaches assisted with computational tools will become a promising research direction in the future, which will help to maximize the detoxification effect, or provide precise detoxification programs for the coexistence of various toxins at different levels in actual production. In addition, technical and regulatory issues in practical application were also discussed. These findings contribute to the exploration of efficient, applicable and sustainable methods for trichothecenes detoxification, ensuring the safety of food and feed to reduce the deleterious effects of trichothecenes on humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Tech Bank Food Co Ltd, Yuyao City, Zhejiang 315400, China
| | - Jiaping Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Aodong Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhongchao Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianzhuang Tan
- Tech Bank Food Co Ltd, Yuyao City, Zhejiang 315400, China
| | - Hong Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fei Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yan Fu
- Tech Bank Food Co Ltd, Yuyao City, Zhejiang 315400, China
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Wang P, Yao Q, Meng X, Yang X, Wang X, Lu Q, Liu A. Effective protective agents against organ toxicity of deoxynivalenol and their detoxification mechanisms: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114121. [PMID: 37890761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in feed, which causes organ toxicity in animals. Therefore, reducing DON-induced organ toxicity can now be accomplished effectively using protective agents. This review provides an overview of multiple studies on a wide range of protective agents and their molecular mechanisms against DON organ toxicity. Protective agents include plant extracts, yeast products, bacteria, peptides, enzymes, H2, oligosaccharides, amino acids, adsorbents, vitamins and selenium. Among these, biological detoxification of DON using microorganisms to reduce the toxicity of DON without affecting the growth performance of pigs may be the most promising detoxification strategy. This paper also evaluates future developments related to DON detoxification and discusses the detoxification role and application potential of protective agents. This paper provides new perspectives for future research and development of safe and effective feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Wang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Qin Yao
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xiangwen Meng
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Qirong Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Aimei Liu
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
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Zhang T, Bai J, Chen G, Chen Z, Zeng S, Yang Y, Wu Z. 3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol induces apoptosis, barrier dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress by inhibiting mTORC1-dependent autophagy in porcine enterocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110695. [PMID: 37659622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-Ac-DON), an acetylated form of deoxynivalenol, is widely present in mycotoxin-contaminated food, feed as well as in other natural sources. Ingestion of 3-Ac-DON may result in intestinal dysfunction, leading to gut diseases in humans and animals. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of 3-Ac-DON in intestinal epithelial cytotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, intestinal porcine epithelial cell line 1 (IPEC-1) cells were treated with different concentrations of 3-Ac-DON for 12 h or 24 h, respectively. The results showed that 3-Ac-DON caused decreased cell viability, cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blotting analysis showed that 3-Ac-DON significantly decreased the expression of tight junction proteins, inhibited autophagy and activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in IPEC-1 cells (P < 0.05). Further investigation demonstrated that 3-Ac-DON caused apoptosis, ER stress and barrier dysfunction were reversed after co-treatment with the autophagy activator rapamycin (100 nM), indicating that autophagy plays a key role in the process of 3-Ac-DON-induced cell damage. In addition, we demonstrated that 3-Ac-DON inhibits the occurrence of autophagy mediated by mTORC1 protein. In conclusion, our research indicated that the mTORC1 protein and autophagy played a key role in the 3-Ac-DON-induced cytotoxic in IPEC-1 cells, which would provide new therapeutic targets and ideas for 3-Ac-DON-mediated intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangye Chen
- SILC Besiness School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shenming Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Peng J, Li H, Olaolu OA, Ibrahim S, Ibrahim S, Wang S. Natural Products: A Dependable Source of Therapeutic Alternatives for Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Regulation of Tight Junctions. Molecules 2023; 28:6293. [PMID: 37687122 PMCID: PMC10488775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract and mucosal layer and lead to intestinal damage and intestinal dysfunction. IBD is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that significantly impacts public health development. Monoclonal antibodies and other synthetic medications are currently used to treat IBD, but they are suspected of producing serious side effects and causing a number of other problems with long-term use. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that organic macromolecules from plants and animals have an alleviating effect on IBD-related problems, and many of them are also capable of altering enzymatic function, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting the production of cytokines and release of proinflammatory transcriptional factors. Thus, in this paper, the natural products with potential anti-IBD activities and their mechanism of action were reviewed, with a focus on the protective effects of natural products on intestinal barrier integrity and the regulation of tight junction protein expression and remodeling. In conclusion, the insights provided in the present review will be useful for further exploration and development of natural products for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
| | - Oladejo Ayodele Olaolu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
- Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology Igboora Nigeria, Igboora 201003, Nigeria
| | - Saber Ibrahim
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12111, Egypt;
- Nanomaterials Investigation Laboratory, Central Laboratory Network, National Research Centre, Giza 12111, Egypt
| | - Sally Ibrahim
- Department of Animal Reproduction and AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt;
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China; (J.P.); (H.L.); (O.A.O.)
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Chen J, Zhong H, Huang Z, Chen X, You J, Zou T. A Critical Review of Kaempferol in Intestinal Health and Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1642. [PMID: 37627637 PMCID: PMC10451660 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol, a secondary metabolite found in plants, is a naturally occurring flavonoid displaying significant potential in various biological activities. The chemical structure of kaempferol is distinguished by the presence of phenyl rings and four hydroxyl substituents, which make it an exceptional radical scavenger. Most recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the significance of kaempferol in the regulation of intestinal function and the mitigation of intestinal inflammation. The focus of the review will primarily be on its impact in terms of antioxidant properties, inflammation, maintenance of intestinal barrier function, and its potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer and obesity. Future research endeavors should additionally give priority to investigating the specific dosage and duration of kaempferol administration for different pathological conditions, while simultaneously conducting deeper investigations into the comprehensible mechanisms of action related to the regulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). This review intends to present novel evidence supporting the utilization of kaempferol in the regulation of gut health and the management of associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (J.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.H.); (X.C.); (J.Y.)
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Xu X, Chang J, Wang P, Liu C, Liu M, Zhou T, Yin Q, Yan G. Combination of glycyrrhizic acid and compound probiotics alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced damage to weaned piglets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114901. [PMID: 37054475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) can affect health and growth performance of pigs, resulting in significant economic losses in swine production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glycyrrhizic acid combined with compound probiotics, i.e. Enterococcus faecalis plus Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GAP) on improving growth performance, intestinal health and its fecal microbiota composition change of piglets challenged with DON. A total of 160 42-day-old weaned piglets (Landrace × Large White) were used and the experimental period was 28 d. The results showed that supplementing GAP in the diet significantly improved the growth performance of piglets challenged with DON and alleviate DON-induced intestinal damage by reducing ALT, AST and LDH concentrations in serum, increasing the morphological parameters of jejunum, and decreasing DON residues in serum, liver and feces. Moreover, GAP could significantly decrease the expressions of inflammation and apoptosis genes and proteins (IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, COX-2, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase 3), and increase the expressions of tight-junction proteins and nutrient transport factor genes and proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, ASCT2 and PePT1). In addition, it was also found that GAP supplementation could significantly increase the diversity of gut microbiota, maintain microbial flora balance and promote piglet growth by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterium such as Lactobacillus and reducing the abundance of harmful bacterium such as Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. In conclusion, GAP addition to piglet diets contaminated with DON could significantly promote the health and growth performance of piglets though alleviating DON-induced hazards. This study provided a theoretical basis for the application of GAP to alleviate DON toxicity for animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Xu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Juan Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chaoqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph N1G 5C9, ON, Canada
| | - Qingqiang Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Guorong Yan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
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Liang SJ, Wang XQ. Deoxynivalenol induces intestinal injury: insights from oxidative stress and intestinal stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48676-48685. [PMID: 36856999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that frequently occur in human and animal diets. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most widely occurring mycotoxins globally and poses significant harm to the animal husbandry industry and human health. People are increasingly aware of the adverse effects of DON on vulnerable structures and functions in the intestine, especially in the field of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). In this review, we present insights into DON that induces oxidative stress and affects the expansion of ISCs. Related studies of strategies for reducing its harm are summarized. We also discussed promising approaches such as regulation of microbiota, molecular docking, and modulation of the redox status via reducing the expression of Keap1 protein and single-cell sequencing, which may be critical for further revealing the mechanism of DON that induces oxidative stress and affects the expansion of ISCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Liang
- Guangdong Laboratory Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Guo Y, Li X, Geng C, Song S, Xie X, Wang C. Vitamin D receptor involves in the protection of intestinal epithelial barrier function via up-regulating SLC26A3. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 227:106231. [PMID: 36462760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and SLC26A3 (DRA) have been identified as pivotal protective factors in maintaining gut homeostasis in IBD patients. However, the specific mechanism underlying the increased intestinal susceptibility to inflammation induced by the loss of VDR and whether DRA participates in the role of VDR regulating intestinal epithelial barrier function are undefined. AIM The current study is undertaken to elucidate the regulatory effects of VDR on DRA and VDR prevents intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via up-regulating the expression of DRA. METHODS WT and VDR-/- mice are used as models for intestinal epithelial response. Paracellular permeability is measured by TEER and FD-4 assays. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, qPCR and immunoblotting are performed to determine the effects of VDR and DRA on gut epithelial barrier function. RESULTS VDR-/- mice exhibits significant hyperpermeability of intestine with greatly decreased levels of ZO-1 and Claudin1 proteins. DRA is located on the intestinal epithelial apical membrane and is tightly modulated by VDR in vivo and in vitro via activating ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. Notably, the current study for the first time demonstrates that VDR maintains intestinal epithelial barrier integrity via up-regulating DRA expression and the lack of DRA induced by VDR knockdown leads to a more susceptive condition for intestine to DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence and deep comprehension regarding the role of VDR in modulating DRA expression in gut homeostasis and makes novel contributions to better generally understanding the links between VDR, DRA and intestinal epithelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuailing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Li E, Li C, Horn N, Ajuwon KM. PPARγ activation inhibits endocytosis of claudin-4 and protects against deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IPEC-J2 cells and weaned piglets. Toxicol Lett 2023; 375:8-20. [PMID: 36596350 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation has been well characterized. Besides adipose tissue, PPARγ is also highly expressed in the intestine. However, the functional role of PPARγ in the regulation of intestinal function still remains poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to understand the role of PPARγ activation on regulation of intestinal barrier function in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and weaned piglets exposed to the mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON). PPARγ activation by rosiglitazone and troglitazone, two pharmacological PPARγ ligands, increased the protein expression of tight junction proteins (TJP), claudin-3 and 4. PPARγ inhibition increased endocytosis of claudin-4 which was reversed by its activation with troglitazone. DON exposure decreased the protein expression of TJP, and also significantly suppressed PPARγ transcriptional activity. Interestingly, PPARγ activation reversed the reduction of claudin-3 and 4 caused by DON in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ activation also partially restored the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and reduced the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) that have been negatively impacted by DON. These effects were lost in the presence of a specific PPARγ antagonist or in PPARγ knockout cells, confirming the importance of PPARγ in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and integrity. Likewise, in weaned pigs exposed to DON, the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone mitigated the impaired villus-crypt morphology caused by DON. Therefore, pharmacological and natural bioactive compounds with PPARγ stimulatory activities could be effective in preventing DON-induced gut barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkai Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Nathan Horn
- United Animal Health, 322S Main St #1113, Sheridan, IN 46069, United States
| | - Kolapo M Ajuwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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Hosseini A, Alipour A, Baradaran Rahimi V, Askari VR. A comprehensive and mechanistic review on protective effects of kaempferol against natural and chemical toxins: Role of NF-κB inhibition and Nrf2 activation. Biofactors 2022; 49:322-350. [PMID: 36471898 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Different toxins, including chemicals and natural, can be entered from various routes and influence human health. Herbal medicines and their active components can attenuate the toxicity of agents via multiple mechanisms. For example, kaempferol, as a flavonoid, can be found in fruits and vegetables, and has an essential role in improving disorders such as cardiovascular disorders, neurological diseases, cancer, pain, and inflammation situations. The beneficial effects of kaempferol may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress, attenuation of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor ĸB (NF-ĸB) as well as the modulation of apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. This flavonoid boasts a wide spectrum of toxin targeting effects in tissue fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress thus shows promising protective effects against natural and chemical toxin induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, lung, and intestinal in the in vitro and in vivo setting. The most remarkable aspect of kaempferol is that it does not focus its efforts on just one organ or one molecular pathway. Although its significance as a treatment option remains questionable and requires more clinical studies, it seems to be a low-risk therapeutic option. It is crucial to emphasize that kaempferol's poor bioavailability is a significant barrier to its use as a therapeutic option. Nanotechnology can be a promising way to overcome this challenge, reviving optimism in using kaempferol as a viable treatment agent against toxin-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alieh Alipour
- Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Wang M, Liu X, Chen T, Cheng X, Xiao H, Meng X, Jiang Y. Inhibition and potential treatment of colorectal cancer by natural compounds via various signaling pathways. Front Oncol 2022; 12:956793. [PMID: 36158694 PMCID: PMC9496650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.956793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of malignant digestive tract tumor with a high incidence rate worldwide. Currently, the clinical treatment of CRC predominantly include surgical resection, postoperative chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, these treatments contain severe limitations such as drug side effects, the risk of recurrence and drug resistance. Some natural compounds found in plants, fungi, marine animals, and bacteria have been shown to inhibit the occurrence and development of CRC. Although the explicit molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of these compounds on CRC are not clear, classical signaling transduction pathways such as NF-kB and Wnt/β-catenin are extensively regulated. In this review, we have summarized the specific mechanisms regulating the inhibition and development of CRC by various types of natural compounds through nine signaling pathways, and explored the potential therapeutic values of these natural compounds in the clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianbin Cheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huijie Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianglong Meng
- Department of Burns Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Jiang,
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13
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Cimbalo A, Frangiamone M, Font G, Manyes L. The importance of transcriptomics and proteomics for studying molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin exposure: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113396. [PMID: 36087620 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight recent advances where transcriptomics and proteomics have been used as a key tool to understand molecular toxicity of mycotoxins. The most studied mycotoxin by using transcriptomic approach is deoxynivalenol (DON), followed by aflatoxins (AFs) and zearalenone (ZEA). Instead, proteomics mostly focuses on AFs but also in this case, mildly to ZEA and DON. However, in both omics approaches, fewer studies investigated the toxicological effect of emerging mycotoxins, patulin, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, alternariol and amino-14,16-dimethyloctadecan-3-ol. The study of changes in the expression of genes involved in immune system are the most common purposes for transcriptomics whereas cellular processes in proteomics field. Concerning the techniques used to perform the experiments, RT-qPCR is the most employed in gene expression analysis whereas liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is the master technique for proteomics assays. The gathered data have reported that the interest in using these omic approaches has increased in the last five years. However, in vitro models take precedence over the in vivo and ex vivo ones. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the use of in vivo models and alternative methods to better understand mycotoxins mode of action on animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cimbalo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - M Frangiamone
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
| | - G Font
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - L Manyes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
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14
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Li E, Horn N, Ajuwon KM. EPA and DHA inhibit endocytosis of claudin-4 and protect against deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction through PPARγ dependent and independent pathways in jejunal IPEC-J2 cells. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Ma Q, Chai Y, Yang Z, Huang A. Deciphering the mechanisms of Limosilactobacillus fermentum L1 involved in conjugated linoleic acid regulated by luxS/AI-2 quorum sensing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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The Protective Effects of Lactoferrin on Aflatoxin M1-Induced Compromised Intestinal Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010289. [PMID: 35008712 PMCID: PMC8745159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), the only toxin with maximum residue levels in milk, has adverse effects on the intestinal barrier, resulting in intestinal inflammatory disease. Lactoferrin (LF), one of the important bioactive proteins in milk, performs multiple biological functions, but knowledge of the protective effects of LF on the compromised intestinal barrier induced by AFM1 has not been investigated. In the present study, results using Balb/C mice and differentiated Caco-2 cells showed that LF intervention decreased AFM1-induced increased intestinal permeability, improved the protein expression of claudin-3, occludin and ZO-1, and repaired the injured intestinal barrier. The transcriptome and proteome were used to clarify the underlying mechanisms. It was found that LF reduced the intestinal barrier dysfunction caused by AFM1 and was associated with intestinal cell survival related pathways, such as cell cycle, apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathway and intestinal integrity related pathways including endocytosis, tight junction, adherens junction and gap junction. The cross-omics analysis suggested that insulin receptor (INSR), cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2), dedicator of cytokinesis 1 (DOCK1) and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) were the potential key regulators as LF repaired the compromised intestinal barrier. These findings indicated that LF may be an alternative treatment for the compromised intestinal barrier induced by AFM1.
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17
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Yang L, Cao J, Wei J, Deng J, Hou X, Hao E, Du Z, Zou L, Li P. Antiproliferative activity of berberine in HepG2 cells via inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. Food Funct 2021; 12:12115-12126. [PMID: 34787617 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02783b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic targets of berberine for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its detailed mechanisms remain unexplored. Here, an integration of network pharmacology, proteomic, bioinformatic and in vitro biochemical approach was proposed to reveal therapeutic targets and pathways underlying the antiproliferative activity of berberine against HepG2 cells. Results indicated that berberine caused the cytotoxicity and inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells with IC50 values ranging from 92 μM to 118 μM. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that targeting apoptosis and cell cycle pathways by berberine contributed to its antitumor efficacy against HCC. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that mitochondria-related apoptosis pathways were involved in the cytotoxic action of berberine, as evidenced by the expression of mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated proteins. Moreover, a total of 160 significantly altered proteins were screened, among which AKAP12 presented significantly increased levels under berberine treatment. Bioinformatic analysis of various public datasets showed that expression of AKAP12 in HCC liver tissues was downregulated, emphasizing its role as a tumor suppressor. Immunoblotting validated the increased levels of AKAP12, while co-immunoprecipitation identified its interaction with Cyclin D1. These data, together with flow cytometry analysis, suggested that AKAP12 mediated cell cycle arrest, thereby suppressing cell proliferation. Altogether, the antiproliferative action of berberine in HepG2 cells involves both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Regulating AKAP12 signalling by berberine might provide a promising strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Jiliang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Jinchao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhengcai Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
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18
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Segura-Wang M, Grenier B, Ilic S, Ruczizka U, Dippel M, Bünger M, Hackl M, Nagl V. MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Porcine Liver, Jejunum and Serum upon Dietary DON Exposure Reveals Candidate Toxicity Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112043. [PMID: 34769473 PMCID: PMC8585098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a frequent mycotoxin worldwide, impairs human and animal health. The response of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, to DON has been scarcely investigated, but holds remarkable potential for biomarker applications. Hence, we aimed to investigate DON-induced changes in the microRNA expression in porcine liver, jejunum and serum by combining targeted and untargeted analyses. Piglets received uncontaminated feed or feed containing 900 µg/kg and 2500 µg/kg DON for four weeks, followed by a wash-out period. In tissue, only slight changes in microRNA expression were detected, with ssc-miR-10b being downregulated in liver of DON-exposed piglets. In serum, several microRNAs were differentially expressed upon DON exposure, four of which were validated by qPCR (ssc-miR-16, ssc-miR-128, ssc-miR-451, ssc-miR-205). The serum microRNA response to DON increased over time and declined after removal of contaminated diets. Receiver operating curve analyses for individual microRNAs were significant, and a combination of the four microRNAs increased the predictive capacity for DON exposure. Predicted microRNA target genes showed enrichment of several pathways including PIK3-AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and adherens junctions. This study gives, for the first time, a comprehensive view of the porcine microRNA response to DON, providing a basis for future research on microRNAs as biomarkers for mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Segura-Wang
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Bertrand Grenier
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Suzana Ilic
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Ursula Ruczizka
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Maximiliane Dippel
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Moritz Bünger
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Veronika Nagl
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-2272-81166-0
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19
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Exploring the dermotoxicity of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol: combined morphologic and proteomic profiling of human epidermal cells reveals alteration of lipid biosynthesis machinery and membrane structural integrity relevant for skin barrier function. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2201-2221. [PMID: 33890134 PMCID: PMC8166681 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin, DON) is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp. fungi and it is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins worldwide. Crop infestation results not only in food and feed contamination, but also in direct dermal exposure, especially during harvest and food processing. To investigate the potential dermotoxicity of DON, epidermoid squamous cell carcinoma cells A431 were compared to primary human neonatal keratinocytes (HEKn) cells via proteome/phosphoproteome profiling. In A431 cells, 10 µM DON significantly down-regulated ribosomal proteins, as well as mitochondrial respiratory chain elements (OXPHOS regulation) and transport proteins (TOMM22; TOMM40; TOMM70A). Mitochondrial impairment was reflected in altered metabolic competence, apparently combined with interference of the lipid biosynthesis machinery. Functional effects on the cell membrane were confirmed by live cell imaging and membrane fluidity assays (0.1–10 µM DON). Moreover, a common denominator for both A431 and HEKn cells was a significant downregulation of the squalene synthase (FDFT1). In sum, proteome alterations could be traced back to the transcription factor Klf4, a crucial regulator of skin barrier function. Overall, these results describe decisive molecular events sustaining the capability of DON to impair skin barrier function. Proteome data generated in the study are fully accessible via ProteomeXchange with the accession numbers PXD011474 and PXD013613.
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20
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Guo H, Ji J, Wei K, Sun J, Zhang Y, Sun X. MAPK/AP-1 and ROS participated in ratio- and time-dependent interaction effects of deoxynivalenol and cadmium on HT-29 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Jin Y, Zhai Z, Jia H, Lai J, Si X, Wu Z. Kaempferol attenuates diquat-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:6889-6899. [PMID: 34338265 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00402f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol, a flavonol component of plants, is well-known to exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects remain elusive. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that kaempferol attenuated diquat-induced oxidative damage and intestinal barrier dysfunction by ameliorating oxidative damage and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Compared with the control group, diquat treatment led to enhanced intracellular ROS production, increased mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptosis, which were accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, reduced cell migration, and disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier function. These effects triggered by diquat were reversed by kaempferol. Further study showed that the protective effect of kaempferol was associated with an enhanced mRNA level of genes related to cell cycle progression (cyclin D1, CDK4, and E2F1) and genes implicated in the anti-oxidant system (GSR, GSTA4, and HO-1), up-regulated abundance of tight junctions (ZO-1, ZO-2, occludin, and claudin-4), as well as enhanced Nrf2, an anti-oxidant transcription factor. In conclusion, we revealed a functional role of kaempferol in the intestinal barrier. Ingestion of kaempferol-rich foods might be a potential strategy to improve the integrity and function of enterocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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22
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Tran VN, Viktorová J, Ruml T. Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E628. [PMID: 33008111 PMCID: PMC7601793 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of mycotoxins content in food is not sufficient for the prediction of their potential in vivo cytotoxicity because it does not reflect their bioavailability and mutual interactions within complex matrices, which may significantly alter the toxic effects. Moreover, many mycotoxins undergo biotransformation and metabolization during the intestinal absorption process. Biotransformation is predominantly the conversion of mycotoxins meditated by cytochrome P450 and other enzymes. This should transform the toxins to nontoxic metabolites but it may possibly result in unexpectedly high toxicity. Therefore, the verification of biotransformation and bioavailability provides valuable information to correctly interpret occurrence data and biomonitoring results. Among all of the methods available, the in vitro models using monolayer formed by epithelial cells from the human colon (Caco-2 cell) have been extensively used for evaluating the permeability, bioavailability, intestinal transport, and metabolism of toxic and biologically active compounds. Here, the strengths and limitations of both in vivo and in vitro techniques used to determine bioavailability are reviewed, along with current detailed data about biotransformation of mycotoxins. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of mycotoxin effects is also discussed regarding the disorder of intestinal barrier integrity induced by mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.N.T.); (J.V.)
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