1
|
Xu H, Zhang S, Liang C, Li M, Wang R, Song J, Cui Z, Yang Y, Liu J, Li D. Melatonin enhances resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea in pear by promoting jasmonic acid and phlorizin biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:470. [PMID: 38811892 PMCID: PMC11134937 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ring rot, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea, is an important fungal disease of pear fruit during postharvest storage. Melatonin, as a plant growth regulator, plays an important role in enhancing the stress resistance of pear fruits. It enhances the resistance of pear fruits to ring rot by enhancing their antioxidant capacity. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of melatonin on the growth of B. dothidea. Results showed that melatonin did not limit the growth of B. dothidea during in vitro culture. However, metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses of 'Whangkeumbae' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) revealed that melatonin increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), in the fruit and activated the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway to improve fruit resistance. Furthermore, melatonin treatment significantly increased the contents of jasmonic acid and phlorizin in pear fruit, both of which could improve disease resistance. Jasmonic acid regulates melatonin synthesis and can also promote phlorizin synthesis, ultimately improving the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot. In summary, the interaction between melatonin and jasmonic acid and phlorizin enhances the antioxidant defense response and phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway of pear fruit, thereby enhancing the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot disease. Our results provide new insights into the application of melatonin in the resistance to pear fruit ring rot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongpeng Xu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chenglin Liang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200, China
| | - Min Li
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jiankun Song
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Dingli Li
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tong T, Xu A, Tan S, Jiang H, Liu L, Deng S, Wang H. Biological Effects and Biomedical Applications of Areca Nut and Its Extract. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:228. [PMID: 38399443 PMCID: PMC10893415 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dried, mature fruit of the palm tree species Areca catechu L. is known as the areca nut (AN) or betel nut. It is widely cultivated in the tropical regions. In many nations, AN is utilized for traditional herbal treatments or social activities. AN has historically been used to address various health issues, such as diarrhea, arthritis, dyspepsia, malaria, and so on. In this review, we have conducted a comprehensive summary of the biological effects and biomedical applications of AN and its extracts. Initially, we provided an overview of the constituents in AN extract. Subsequently, we summarized the biological effects of AN and its extracts on the digestive system, nervous system, and circulatory system. And we elucidated the contributions of AN and its extracts in antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial applications. Finally, we have discussed the challenges and future perspectives regarding the utilization of AN and its extracts as emerging pharmaceuticals or valuable adjuncts within the pharmaceutical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Aiqing Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shuhua Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Hengzhi Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Senwen Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan Binglang Science Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barhoumi Z. Photosynthesis, ionomics and metabolomics of the host-hemiparasite association Acacia gerrardii- Viscum schimperi. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 38035483 DOI: 10.1071/fp23206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Viscum schimperi is an evergreen hemiparasitic plant that can grow on stems and branches of several tree species. It penetrates the host tissues and forms a vascular bridge (haustorium) to withdraw the nutritive resources. Its relationships with hosts remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the physiological and biochemical attributes of the host-hemiparasite association Acacia gerrardii -Viscum schimperi . The hemiparasite exhibited 2.4- and 3.0-fold lower photosynthetic activity and water use efficiency, and 1.2- and 4.1-fold higher transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Equally, it displayed 4.9- and 2.6-fold greater water potential and osmotic potential, and in least 3.0times more accumulated 39 K, 85 Rb and 51 V, compared to the host. Nevertheless, it had no detrimental effect on photosynthetic activity, water status and multi-element accumulations in the host. Based on metabolome profiling, V. schimperi could use xanthurenic acid and propylparaben to acquire potassium from the host, and N -1-naphthylacetamide and N -Boc-hydroxylamine to weaken or kill the distal part of the infected branch and to receive the total xylem contents. In contrast, A. gerrardii could used N -acetylserotonin, arecoline, acetophenone and 6-methoxymellein to defend against V. schimperi infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zouhaier Barhoumi
- Biology Department, King Khalid University, P.O. Box-9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; and Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao N, Feng L, Jiang W, Wu P, Ren H, Shi H, Tang L, Li S, Wu C, Li H, Liu Y, Zhou X. An emerging role of arecoline on growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption capacities and intestinal structural integrity of adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:173-186. [PMID: 38023377 PMCID: PMC10679820 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is an alkaloid with important pharmacological effects in the plant areca nut, which has been demonstrated to be an agonist of muscarinic receptors (M receptor). This study explored the influences of dietary arecoline on growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption abilities, antioxidant capacity, and the apical junction complex (AJC) of adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Adult grass carp (608 to 1512 g) were fed at 6 graded levels of dietary arecoline (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/kg diet) for 9 weeks. The results suggested that appropriate dietary supplementation of arecoline (1.0 mg/kg) increased growth parameters and intestinal growth in adult grass carp (P < 0.05), enhanced digestion and absorption capacities (P < 0.05), up-regulated muscarinic receptor 3 (M3) mRNA level (P < 0.05), increased the content of neuropeptide fish substance P (P < 0.05), improved antioxidant capacity by activating the Keap1a/Nrf2 signaling pathway (P < 0.05), reduced intestinal mucosal permeability (P < 0.05), and increased mRNA levels of tight junction (TJ) and adherent junction AJ-related proteins in fish by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway (RhoA/ROCK/MLCK/NMII) (P < 0.05). In addition, the appropriate arecoline supplementation for adult grass carp was determined to be 1.20, 1.21, 1.07, and 1.19 mg/kg based on percentage weight gain, lipase activity, serum diamine oxidase, and protein carbonyl, respectively. Overall, to the best of our knowledge, we investigated for the first time the effects and possible mechanisms of dietary arecoline on intestinal digestive and absorptive capacities and structural integrity in fish and evaluated the appropriate level of supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hequn Shi
- Guangzhou Cohoo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hua Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li J, Huang T, Xia M, Lu J, Xu X, Liu H, Zhang W. Exogenous melatonin mediates radish ( Raphanus sativus) and Alternaria brassicae interaction in a dose-dependent manner. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1126669. [PMID: 36923135 PMCID: PMC10009256 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1126669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an economically important vegetable worldwide, but its sustainable production and breeding are highly threatened by blight disease caused by Alternaria brassicae. Melatonin is an important growth regulator that can influence physiological activities in both plants and microbes and stimulate biotic stress resistance in plants. In this study, 0-1500 μM melatonin was exogenously applied to healthy radish seedlings, in vitro incubated A. brassicae, and diseased radish seedlings to determine the effects of melatonin on host, pathogen, and host-pathogen interaction. At sufficient concentrations (0-500 μM), melatonin enhanced growth and immunity of healthy radish seedlings by improving the function of organelles and promoting the biosynthesis of antioxidant enzymes, chitin, organic acid, and defense proteins. Interestingly, melatonin also improved colony growth, development, and virulence of A. brassicae. A strong dosage-dependent effect of melatonin was observed: 50-500 μM promoted host and pathogen vitality and resistance (500 μM was optimal) and 1500 μM inhibited these processes. Significantly less blight was observed on diseased seedlings treated with 500 μM melatonin, indicating that melatonin more strongly enhanced the growth and immunity of radish than it promoted the development and virulence of A. brassicae at this treatment concentration. These effects of MT were mediated by transcriptional changes of key genes as identified by RNA-seq, Dual RNA-seq, and qRT-PCR. The results from this work provide a theoretical basis for the application of melatonin to protect vegetable crops against pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Li
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingmin Huang
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- School of Computing, Chongqing College of Humanities, Science and Technology, Hechuan, China
| | - Jinbiao Lu
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Haiyi Liu
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wanping Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Industry Technology Research, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang S, Zhao Y, Qin X, Ding C, Chen Y, Tang Z, Huang Y, Reiter RJ, Yuan S, Yuan M. New insights into the role of melatonin in photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5918-5927. [PMID: 35665805 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous studies on enhancing plant resistance to stress using melatonin, but few studies about its effect on photosynthesis. Herein, we summarized the role of melatonin in photosynthesis. Melatonin regulates chlorophyll synthesis and degradation through the transcription of related genes and hormone signals. It protects photosynthetic proteins and maintains the photosynthetic process through improving the transcription of photosystem genes, activating the antioxidant system, and promoting the xanthophyll cycle. Melatonin potentially regulates plant stomatal movement through CAND2/PMTR1. Finally, it controls the photosynthetic carbon cycle by regulating the metabolism of sugar, the gluconeogenesis pathway, and the degradation and transport of transient starch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Yang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Qin
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yanger Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Melatonin Maintains Fruit Quality and Reduces Anthracnose in Postharvest Papaya via Enhancement of Antioxidants and Inhibition of Pathogen Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050804. [PMID: 35624668 PMCID: PMC9137572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Papaya fruit is widely grown in tropical regions because of its sweet taste, vibrant color, and the huge number of health benefits it provides. Melatonin is an essential hormone that governs many plants′ biological processes. In the current study, the impact of melatonin on fruit ripening and deterioration in postharvest papaya fruit was explored. An optimum melatonin dose (400 μmol L−1, 2 h) was found to be effective in delaying fruit softening and reducing anthracnose incidence. Melatonin enhanced antioxidant activity and decreased fruit oxidative injury by lowering superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde content by enhancing the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and by improving the antioxidant capacity of papaya fruit. Melatonin increased catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, NADH oxidase, glutathione reductase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity, as well as induced total phenol, total flavonoid, and ascorbic acid accumulation. Melatonin also enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes, such as chitinase, 4-coumaric acid-CoA-ligase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, while it repressed lipid metabolism. Additionally, melatonin inhibited the development of anthracnose in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that exogenous melatonin application improves papaya fruit quality by boosting antioxidant and defense-related mechanisms.
Collapse
|
8
|
Melatonin Treatment Improves Postharvest Preservation and Resistance of Guava Fruit (Psidium guajava L.). Foods 2022; 11:foods11030262. [PMID: 35159414 PMCID: PMC8834009 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Guava fruit has a short postharvest shelf life at room temperature. Melatonin is widely used for preservation of various postharvest fruit and vegetables. In this study, an optimal melatonin treatment (600 μmol·L−1, 2 h) was identified, which effectively delayed fruit softening and reduced the incidence of anthracnose on guava fruit. Melatonin effectively enhanced the antioxidant capacity and reduced the oxidative damage to the fruit by reducing the contents of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde; improving the overall antioxidant capacity and enhancing the enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Melatonin significantly enhanced the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The contents of total flavonoids and ascorbic acid were maintained by melatonin. This treatment also enhanced the defense-related enzymatic activities of chitinase and phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase and 4-coumaric acid-CoA-ligase. The activities of lipase, lipoxygenase and phospholipase D related to lipid metabolism were repressed by melatonin. These results showed that exogenous melatonin can maintain the quality of guava fruit and enhance its resistance to disease by improving the antioxidant and defense systems of the fruit.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wei Y, Bai Y, Cheng X, Reiter RJ, Yin X, Shi H. Lighting the way: advances in transcriptional regulation and integrative crosstalk of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes in cassava. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:161-166. [PMID: 33075132 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The role of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes has been well studied. However, the transcriptional regulation of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes and their integrative crosstalk with other signaling pathways remain elusive. Here, we summarize recent progress in the functional analysis of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes and the major sites of melatonin synthesis in plants. We focus on the dual roles of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes in melatonin biosynthesis and in the crosstalk between melatonin and autophagy, antioxidant signaling, and stress responses in cassava. We highlight the transcriptional regulation and integrative protein complex of melatonin biosynthetic enzymes, and then raise the challenge of uncovering their precise regulation and crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yujing Bai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|