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Bilyachenko AN, Gutsul EI, Khrustalev VN, Astakhov GS, Zueva AY, Zubavichus YV, Kirillova MV, Shul'pina LS, Ikonnikov NS, Dorovatovskii PV, Shubina ES, Kirillov AM, Shul'pin GB. Acetone Factor in the Design of Cu 4-, Cu 6-, and Cu 9-Based Cage Coppersilsesquioxanes: Synthesis, Structural Features, and Catalytic Functionalization of Alkanes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14800-14814. [PMID: 36059209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes a new feature in the self-assembly of cagelike copperphenylsilsesquioxanes: the strong influence of acetone solvates on cage structure formation. By this simple approach, a series of novel tetra-, hexa-, or nonacoppersilsesquioxanes were isolated and characterized. In addition, several new complexes of Cu4 or Cu6 nuclearity bearing additional nitrogen-based ligands (ethylenediamine, 2,2'-bipyridine, phenanthroline, bathophenanthroline, or neocuproine) were produced. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies established molecular architectures of all of the synthesized products. Several coppersilsesquioxanes represent a novel feature of cagelike metallasilsesquioxane (CLMS) in terms of molecular topology. A Cu4-silsesquioxane complex with ethylenediamine (En) ligands was isolated via the unprecedented self-assembly of a partly condensed framework of silsesquioxane ligands, followed by the formation of a sandwich-like cage. Two prismatic Cu6 complexes represent the different conformers─regular and elliptical hexagonal prisms, "cylinders", determined by the different orientations of the coordinated acetone ligands ("shape-switch effect"). A heterometallic Cu4Na4-sandwich-like derivative represents the first example of a metallasilsesquioxane complex with diacetone alcohol ligands formed in situ due to acetone condensation reaction. As a selected example, the compound [(Ph6Si6O11)2Cu4En2]·(acetone)2 was explored in homogeneous oxidation catalysis. It catalyzes the oxidation of alkanes to alkyl hydroperoxides with hydrogen peroxide and the oxidation of alcohols to ketones with tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Radical species take part in the oxidation of alkanes. Besides, [(Ph6Si6O11)2Cu4En2]·(acetone)2 catalyzes the mild oxidative functionalization of gaseous alkanes (ethane, propane, n-butane, and i-butane). Two different model reactions were investigated: (1) the oxidation of gaseous alkanes with hydrogen peroxide to give a mixture of oxygenates (alcohols, ketones, or aldehydes) and (2) the carboxylation of Cn gaseous alkanes with carbon monoxide, water, and potassium peroxodisulfate to give Cn+1 carboxylic acids (main products), along with the corresponding Cn oxygenates. For these reactions, the effects of acid promoter, reaction time, and substrate scope were explored. As expected for free-radical-type reactions, the alkane reactivity follows the trend C2H6 < C3H8 < n-C4H10 < i-C4H10. The highest total product yields were observed in the carboxylation of i-butane (up to 61% based on i-C4H10). The product yields and catalyst turnover numbers (TONs) are remarkable, given an inertness of gaseous alkanes and very mild reaction conditions applied (low pressures, 50-60 °C temperatures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia.,Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Grigorii S Astakhov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Y Zueva
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yan V Zubavichus
- Synchrotron Radiation Facility SKIF, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Nikolskii prosp., 1, Koltsovo 630559, Russia
| | - Marina V Kirillova
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M Kirillov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Georgiy B Shul'pin
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina, dom 4, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Chair of Chemistry and Physics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyi pereulok 36, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Rzonsowska M, Kozakiewicz K, Mituła K, Duszczak J, Kubicki M, Dudziec B. Synthesis of Silsesquioxanes with Substituted Triazole Ring Functionalities and Their Coordination Ability. Molecules 2021; 26:439. [PMID: 33467746 PMCID: PMC7830482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthesis of a series of mono-T8 and difunctionalized double-decker silsesquioxanes bearing substituted triazole ring(s) has been reported within this work. The catalytic protocol for their formation is based on the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) process. Diverse alkynes were in the scope of our interest-i.e., aryl, hetaryl, alkyl, silyl, or germyl-and the latter was shown to be the first example of terminal germane alkyne which is reactive in the applied process' conditions. From the pallet of 15 compounds, three of them with pyridine-triazole and thiophenyl-triazole moiety attached to T8 or DDSQ core were verified in terms of their coordinating properties towards selected transition metals, i.e., Pd(II), Pt(II), and Rh(I). The studies resulted in the formation of four SQs based coordination compounds that were obtained in high yields up to 93% and their thorough spectroscopic characterization is presented. To our knowledge, this is the first example of the DDSQ-based molecular complex possessing bidentate pyridine-triazole ligand binding two Pd(II) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rzonsowska
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kozakiewicz
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Mituła
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Duszczak
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Beata Dudziec
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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