A single fluorescent probe to examine the dynamics of mitochondria-lysosome interplay and extracellular vesicle role in ferroptosis

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion. Despite recent advances, challenges remain in understanding the bidirectional interactions or interplay between organelles during ferroptosis. In this study, we aimed to understand the interplay between mitochondria (Mito) and lysosomes (Lyso) in cell homeostasis and ferroptosis. For this purpose, we designed a single fluorescent probe that marks GSH in Mito and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in Lyso with two distinct emissions. Using this dual-targeted single fluorescent probe (9-morphorino pyronine), we detected Mito-Lyso interplay in ferroptosis. We disclosed differences in Mito-Lyso interplay depending on the induction of ferroptosis. Although erastin treatment decreased GSH, RSL3 triggered a HOCl burst, and FIN56- and FINO2-induced ferroptosis increased GSH and HOCl. Additionally, we showed that only extracellular vesicles generated during erastin-induced ferroptosis could spontaneously move and dock to neighboring cells, resulting in accelerated cell death.

A three-in-one versatile sensor for concise detecting biogenic amines and beef freshness

Biogenic amines (BAs), as important indicators for evaluating food spoilage caused by fermentation processes or microbial activities, present significant risks of food safety. Consequently, the development of a simple, sensitive, and selective detection method for amines is of great importance. In this study, we proposed a three-in-one sensor 3,6-bis(dimethylamino)-9-(ethylthio)xanthylium (PSE) for high sensitivity and selectivity detecting BAs with multimodal responses, including olfactory, colorimetric, and fluorescent signals, thus facilitating convenient real-time detection of BAs. Mechanism study indicated that the nucleophilic substitution of PSE with BAs induced such rapid multi-responses with a low detection limit (LOD = 0.03 μM). We further fabricated PSE loaded paper for portable detection of BAs vapors. And the accurate determination of BAs levels is achieved through analyzing the RGB color mode. Finally, we successfully applied these test strips for non-destructive assessing meat beef freshness with the assistance of a smartphone in on-site scenarios.

Diethylaminosulfur Trifluoride: A Novel, Low-Cost, Stable Double Thiolation Reagent for Imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines

We report a novel, inexpensive double thiolation reagent that sulfurizes a broad range of imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines under mild conditions. Importantly, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride, as a common nucleophilic fluorinating reagent, was utilized as a novel thiolation reagent.