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Neudorffer A, Deschamps P, Largeron M, Deguin B. An electrochemical access to 2-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxanes derived from hydroxytyrosol. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1057-1063. [PMID: 38205728 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01858j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The anodic oxidation of a natural antioxidative catechol, hydroxytyrosol, was developed in an acetonitrile/dimethylsulfoxide (or acetonitrile/water) solvent mixture to produce in a stable way the resulting non-activated o-quinone and generate structural analogues. 2-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxane derivatives were obtained as two regioisomers in good to high overall yields (65-90%) and 1 : 3 ratios, through an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction between the electrogenerated o-quinone and tertiary enamines. The insertion of an electron withdrawing (or electron donating) group on the catechol modified their relative proportions, so that the reaction became regiospecific. With some aliphatic enamines, a competitive 1,6-Michael addition took place, affording 2-hydroxy-1,2,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[d]oxepine compounds.
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Frisina M, Bonacci S, Oliverio M, Nardi M, Vatrano TP, Procopio A. Storage Effects on Bioactive Phenols in Calabrian Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils Based on the EFSA Health Claim. Foods 2023; 12:3799. [PMID: 37893692 PMCID: PMC10606493 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial properties of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on lipids blood levels were recognized by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) with a health claim, specifically referring to EVOOs containing at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its secoiridoids derivatives per 20 g of oil. The main purpose of the work was to characterize the phenolic profile of two commercially available Calabrian monovarietal EVOOs (Nocellara del Belice, VN; Dolce di Rossano, VDR), and to study the effect of one-year storage on secoiridoids composition, by monthly controls. A new UHPLC-ESI-HRMS method was developed and validated, thus facilitating the EFSA claim application and allowing producers to valorize their products. Seven biologically active compounds were chosen: tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal, oleacein, oleuropein aglycone, verbascoside, and oleuropein. LODs and LOQs were 0.001-0.02 mg g-1 and 0.002-0.08 mg g-1, respectively. The variation coefficients were ≤20% and the percentage of recovery was between 89-109%. During the 12-month storage period, the concentration of selected compounds ranged between 1258.78-1478.91 mg Kg-1 for VN, and 1408.22-2071.45 mg Kg-1 for VDR, with a decrease of 15% and 32% respectively. The method allows an accurate quantification of EVOO phenols thus being useful to certify the nutraceutical properties of olive oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.F.); (M.O.); (M.N.); (T.P.V.); (A.P.)
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Shimamoto Y, Fujitani T, Uchiage E, Isoda H, Tominaga KI. Solid acid-catalyzed one-step synthesis of oleacein from oleuropein. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8275. [PMID: 37217598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed a new synthetic strategy to convert secoiridoid glucosides into unique dialdehydic compounds using solid acid catalysts. Specifically, we succeeded in the direct synthesis of oleacein, a rare component of extra-virgin olive oil, from oleuropein, which is abundant in olive leaves. Whereas the conventional total synthesis of oleacein from lyxose requires more than 10 steps, these solid acid catalysts enabled the one-step synthesis of oleacein from oleuropein. A key step in this synthesis was the selective hydrolysis of methyl ester. Density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/631+G (d) level of theory revealed the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate bonded to one H2O molecule. These solid acid catalysts were easily recovered and reused at least five times by simple cleaning. Importantly, this synthetic procedure was not only applicable to other secoiridoid glucosides, but could also be employed for the corresponding scale-up reaction using oleuropein extracted from olive leaves as the starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Shimamoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Interdisciplinary Research Center of Catalytic Chemistry, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Fujitani
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Interdisciplinary Research Center of Catalytic Chemistry, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Eriko Uchiage
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
- School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tominaga
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Interdisciplinary Research Center of Catalytic Chemistry, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan.
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Scicchitano S, Vecchio E, Battaglia AM, Oliverio M, Nardi M, Procopio A, Costanzo F, Biamonte F, Faniello MC. The Double-Edged Sword of Oleuropein in Ovarian Cancer Cells: From Antioxidant Functions to Cytotoxic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010842. [PMID: 36614279 PMCID: PMC9821453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein plays a key role as a pro-oxidant as well as an antioxidant in cancer. In this study, the activity of oleuropein, in an in vitro model of ovarian (OCCs) and breast cancer cells (BCCs) was investigated. Cell viability and cell death were analyzed. Oxidative stress was measured by CM-H2DCFDA flow cytometry assay. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated based on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GPX4 protein levels. Further, the effects on iron metabolism were analyzed by measuring the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). We confirmed that high doses of oleuropein show anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity on HEY and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, our results indicate that low doses of oleuropein impair cell viability without affecting the mortality of cells, and also decrease the LIP and ROS levels, keeping them unchanged in MCF-7 cells. For the first time, our data show that low doses of oleuropein reduce erastin-mediated cell death. Interestingly, oleuropein decreases the levels of intracellular ROS and LIP in OCCs treated with erastin. Noteworthily, we observed an increased amount of ROS scavenging enzyme GPX4 together with a consistent reduction in mitochondrial ROS, confirming a reduction in oxidative stress in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Scicchitano
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vecchio
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Monica Nardi
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Liu H, Wu X, Ma H, Li J, Liu Z, Guo X, Dong J, Zou S, Luo Y. High-Level Production of Hydroxytyrosol in Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3706-3713. [PMID: 36345886 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a valuable aromatic compound with numerous applications. Herein, we enabled the efficient and scalable de novo HT production in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) from glucose. Starting from a tyrosol-overproducing strain, six HpaB/HpaC combinations were investigated, and the best catalytic performance was acquired with HpaB from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaHpaB) and HpaC from Escherichia coli (EcHpaC), resulting in 425.7 mg/L HT in shake flasks. Next, weakening the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway through downregulating the expression of TRP2 (encoding anthranilate synthase) further improved the HT titer by 27.2% compared to the base strain. Moreover, the cytosolic NADH supply was improved through introducing the feedback-resistant mutant of the TyrA (the NAD+-dependent chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase, TyrA*) from E. coli, which further increased the HT titer by 36.9% compared to the base strain. The best performing strain was obtained by optimizing the biosynthesis of HT in S. cerevisiae through a screening for an effective HpaB/HpaC combination, biosynthetic flux rewiring, and cofactor engineering, which enabled the titer of HT reaching 1120.0 mg/L in the shake flask. Finally, the engineered strain produced 6.97 g/L of HT by fed-batch fermentation, which represents the highest titer for de novo HT biosynthesis in microorganisms reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayi Liu
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - He Ma
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jian Li
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xufan Guo
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jia Dong
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shaolan Zou
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunzi Luo
- Frontiers Science Center of Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Martins BT, Bronze MR, Ventura MR. Phenolic Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil: Approaches for Their Synthesis and Analogues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14109-14128. [PMID: 36301258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is the main fat consumed by populations in the Mediterranean basin, and phenolic compounds, minor components of this fat, are known to be responsible for diverse health benefits when consumed in a regular diet. According to numerous investigations, these benefits are mostly related to phenols such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol and secoiridoid derivatives such as ligstroside, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein. These compounds are present in low concentrations, and for some of them, standards are not commercially available, hampering studies on the mechanisms underlying their biological activity. In order to contribute to a better knowledge of the bioactivity of these compounds and their metabolites, they must be available with high purity and in sufficient amounts for the assays. Chemical synthesis has been considered a convenient way to obtain these compounds. This Review will focus on the synthesis of representative VOO compounds, namely, ligstroside, oleuropein, oleocanthal, oleacein and analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz T Martins
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Bronze
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- FFULisboa-Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Rita Ventura
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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7
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Ulusoy NG, Emirdağ S, Sözer E, Radwan MO, Çiftçi H, Aksel M, Bölükbaşı SŞ, Özmen A, Yaylı N, Karayıldırım T, Alankuş Ö, Tateishi H, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Sever B. Design, semi-synthesis and examination of new gypsogenin derivatives against leukemia via Abl tyrosine kinase inhibition and apoptosis induction. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1487-1499. [PMID: 36195231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by Philadelphia translocation arising from Bcr-Abl fusion gene, which encodes abnormal oncoprotein showing tyrosine kinase (TK) function. Certain mutations in kinase domain, off-target effects and resistance problems of current TK inhibitors require the discovery of novel Abl TK inhibitors. For this purpose, herein, we synthesized new gypsogenin derivatives (6a-l) and evaluated their anticancer effects towards CML cells along with healthy cell line and different leukemic cells. Among these compounds, compound 6l was found as the most active anti-leukemic agent against K562 CML cells compared to imatinib exerting less cytotoxicity towards PBMCs (healthy). This compound also revealed significant anti-leukemic effects against Jurkat cell line. Besides, compound 6l enhanced apoptosis in CML cells with 52.4 % when compared with imatinib (61.8 %) and inhibited Abl TK significantly with an IC50 value of 13.04 ± 2.48 μM in a large panel of kinases accentuating Abl TK-mediated apoptosis of compound 6l in CML cells. Molecular docking outcomes showed that compound 6l formed mainly crucial interactions in the ATP-binding cleft of Abl TK similar to that of imatinib. Ultimately, in silico pharmacokinetic evaluation of compound 6l indicated that this compound was endowed with anti-leukemic drug candidate features.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Piperazines
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafia Gökçe Ulusoy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Safiye Emirdağ
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey.
| | - Ece Sözer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Mohamed O Radwan
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Halilibrahim Çiftçi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., 1-7-30-805 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mehran Aksel
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Serap Şahin Bölükbaşı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyon, Turkey
| | - Ali Özmen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Yaylı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkey
| | - Tamer Karayıldırım
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Özgen Alankuş
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., 1-7-30-805 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Belgin Sever
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey.
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8
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Costanzo P, Oliverio M, Maiuolo J, Bonacci S, De Luca G, Masullo M, Arcone R, Procopio A. Novel Hydroxytyrosol-Donepezil Hybrids as Potential Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Agents. Front Chem 2021; 9:741444. [PMID: 34738004 PMCID: PMC8560896 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.741444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-accepted that the endogenous antioxidant protection system progressively decays in elderly people, and that the oxidative stress contributes to different neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s Diseases (AD). The lower incidence of AD in countries which feature the Mediterranean Diet was associated to the high consumption of extra virgin olive oil and its polyphenolic fraction, in particular hydroxytyrosol. The protective role of these bio-phenols against oxidative stress, suggested that we combine their antioxidant/free radical scavenging activity with donepezil, an active ingredient which has just been approved for the treatment of AD. Different synthetic strategies were tested to conjugate the two different synthons in good yields. Additionally, a nitro-hydroxytyrosol derivative was synthesized to extend the application to other neurodegeneration inflammatory models. Then, their bioactivity was measured in different chemical and biological tests on a human neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY-5Y). Remarkable results on cell viability and the regulation of the redox state of cells were obtained. All hybrids showed negligible cell death under 1 μM and are stable and non toxic. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements showed that the nitro-hybrid was the more effective one at reducing the ROS amount to physiological values. Then, in light of the bio-metal hypothesis of diverse neurodegenerative disorders, we tested these new compounds on the chelation properties of redox-active metals. The nitro-hybrid was able to chelate all of the tested metal cations, suggesting that we propose it as potential lead compound for a new class of neuroprotective antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Costanzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Luca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosaria Arcone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Oleil Hydroxytyrosol (HTOL) Exerts Anti-Myeloma Activity by Antagonizing Key Survival Pathways in Malignant Plasma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111639. [PMID: 34769070 PMCID: PMC8584245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols from olive oil are endowed with several biological activities. Chemical modifications have been recently applied to these compounds to improve their therapeutic activity in different pathological settings, including cancer. Herein, we describe the in vitro effects on multiple myeloma (MM) cells of oleil hydroxytyrosol (HTOL), a synthetic fatty ester of natural hydroxytyrosol with oleic acid. HTOL reduced the viability of various human MM cell lines (HMCLs), even when co-cultured with bone marrow stromal cells, triggering ER stress, UPR and apoptosis, while it was not cytotoxic against healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells or B lymphocytes. Whole-transcriptome profiling of HTOL-treated MM cells, coupled with protein expression analyses, indicate that HTOL antagonizes key survival pathways for malignant plasma cells, including the undruggable IRF4–c-MYC oncogenic axis. Accordingly, c-MYC gain- and loss-of-function strategies demonstrate that HTOL anti-tumor activity was, at least in part, due to c-MYC targeting. Taken together, these findings underscore the anti-MM potential of HTOL, providing the molecular framework for further investigation of HTOL-based treatments as novel anti-cancer agents.
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10
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Wani MY, Ahmad A, Aqlan FM, Al-Bogami AS. Citral derivative activates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis signaling pathways in Candida albicans by generating oxidative stress. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105260. [PMID: 34399319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For combating life-threatening infections caused by Candida albicans there is an urgent requirement of new antifungal agents with a targeted activity and low host cytotoxicity. Manipulating the mechanistic basis of cell death decision in yeast may provide an alternative approach for future antifungal therapeutics. Herein, the effect of an active citral derivative (Cd1) over the physiology of cell death in C. albicans was assessed. The viability of C. albicans SC5314 cells was determined by broth microdilution assay. The crucial morphological changes and apoptotic markers in Cd1-exposed yeast cells were analyzed. Subsequently the results confirmed that Cd1 arrested growth and caused death in yeast cells. Furthermore, this molecule inhibited antioxidant enzymes that resulted in production of reactive oxygen species. DNA fragmentation and condensation, phosphatidylserine exposure at the outer leaflet of cell membrane, mitochondrial disintegration as well as accumulation of cells at G2/M phase of the cell cycle were recorded. Altogether, this derivative induced apoptotic-type cell death in C. albicans SC5314.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohmmad Younus Wani
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Faisal Mohammed Aqlan
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Al-Bogami
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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