1
|
Wang M, Xu Z, Ren Y, Bai X, Zhang X. An Organic Microcavity Laser Amplifier Integrated on the End Facet of an Optical Fiber. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1314. [PMID: 39120419 PMCID: PMC11313935 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We report a thin-film optical amplifier integrated on a fiber facet based on polymer-coated distributed feedback (DFB) microcavities, which are fabricated on a planar substrate and then transferred onto fiber tips by means of a flexible transfer technique. The amplified light directly couples into the fiber and is detected when coupled out at the other end after propagating along the fiber for about 20 cm. A prominently amplification factor of about 4.33 at 578.57 nm is achieved by sending supercontinuum pulses into the hundreds of micrometers' DFB microcavities along the normal direction, which is also the axis direction of the fiber. The random distortions of grating lines generated during the transfer process result in a larger amplification spectral range and a less strict polarization dependence for injected light. Benefitting from the device size of hundreds of micrometers and the ease of integration, polymer amplifiers based on DFB microcavities demonstrate significant application potentials in optical communication systems and miniaturized optical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; (M.W.); (Z.X.); (Y.R.); (X.B.)
| | - Zhuangzhuang Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; (M.W.); (Z.X.); (Y.R.); (X.B.)
| | - Yaqi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; (M.W.); (Z.X.); (Y.R.); (X.B.)
| | - Xiaolei Bai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; (M.W.); (Z.X.); (Y.R.); (X.B.)
| | - Xinping Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reizabal A, Tandon B, Lanceros-Méndez S, Dalton PD. Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205255. [PMID: 36482162 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the various electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing techniques, electrowriting (EW) produces the most complex 3D structures. Aqueous solution EW similarly retains the potential for additive manufacturing well-resolved 3D structures, while providing new opportunities for processing biologically derived polymers and eschewing organic solvents. However, research on aqueous-based EHD processing is still limited. To summarize the field and advocate for increased use of aqueous bio-based materials, this review summarizes the most significant contributions of aqueous solution processing. Special emphasis has been placed on understanding the effects of different printing parameters, the prospects for 3D processing new materials, and future challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ander Reizabal
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Biranche Tandon
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kachwal V, Tan J. Stimuli-Responsive Electrospun Fluorescent Fibers Augmented with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) for Smart Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2204848. [PMID: 36373688 PMCID: PMC9811457 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the latest advancements in the integration of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials with polymer electrospinning, to accomplish fine-scale electrospun fibers with tunable photophysical and photochemical properties. Micro- and nanoscale fibers augmented with AIE dyes (termed AIEgens) are bespoke composite systems that can overcome the limitation posed by aggregation-caused quenching, a critical deficiency of conventional luminescent materials. This review comprises three parts. First, the reader is exposed to the basic concepts of AIE and the fundamental mechanisms underpinning the restriction of intermolecular motions. This is followed by an introduction to electrospinning techniques pertinent to AIE-based fibers, and the core parameters for controlling fiber architecture and resultant properties. Second, exemplars are drawn from latest research to demonstrate how electrospun nanofibers and porous films incorporating modified AIEgens (especially tetraphenylethylene and triphenylamine derivatives) can yield enhanced photostability, photothermal properties, photoefficiency (quantum yield), and improved device sensitivity. Advanced applications are drawn from several promising sectors, encompassing optoelectronics, drug delivery and biology, chemosensors and mechanochromic sensors, and innovative photothermal devices, among others. Finally, the outstanding challenges together with potential opportunities in the nascent field of electrospun AIE-active fibers are presented, for stimulating frontier research and explorations in this exciting field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kachwal
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1 3PJUK
| | - Jin‐Chong Tan
- Multifunctional Materials & Composites (MMC) LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1 3PJUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang S, Shi X, Yan S, Zhang X, Ge K, Han CB, Zhai T. Single-Mode Lasing in Plasmonic-Enhanced Woven Microfibers for Multifunctional Sensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3416-3423. [PMID: 34432432 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Single-mode plasmonic lasing has great potential for use in photonic and sensing applications. In this work, single-mode lasing is realized using a plasmonic-enhanced woven microfiber that shows ultrahigh sensitivity to the ambient environment. This plasmonic-enhanced microfiber is fabricated by spraying Ag nanospheres onto rhodamine 6G-doped polymer microfibers. Single-mode laser emission with an ultranarrow linewidth (0.1 nm) and a low threshold (18.8 kW/mm2) is achieved in the microfiber using the effects of mode selection and plasmonic enhancement provided by the Ag nanospheres. A large wavelength shift in the single-mode lasing is observed when the proposed laser is used as a sensor and exposed to a humid or acidic environment. The wavelength shift is attributed to refractive index variations in the microfiber caused by either moisture absorption or chemical reactions. In humidity sensing, the laser's sensitivity is as high as 826.6 pm/% relative humidity (RH) and the detection limit is 0.051% RH. An innovative strategy for acetic acid gas sensing is proposed that uses the chemical reaction with rhodamine 6G, and its minimum response time is 5 min. Because of the microfiber's excellent fabric compatibility, a wearable sensor is fabricated by weaving the plasmonic-enhanced microfiber into clothes, and this sensor demonstrates extreme bending stability. The results reported here provide a novel approach to the design and fabrication of ultrasensitive wearable sensors for multifunctional sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shaoxin Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kun Ge
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chang Bao Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tianrui Zhai
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ge K, Shi X, Xu Z, Libin C, Guo D, Li S, Zhai T. Full-color WGM lasing in nested microcavities. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10792-10797. [PMID: 34105569 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01052b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A full-color whispering-gallery mode (WGM) laser has been fabricated by partitioning different light-emitting polymers in a nested microcavity. Red-green-blue WGM lasing with a high quality factor above 104 and a narrow linewidth of 0.025 nm emits from nested capillaries when excited with a nanosecond laser. The full-color WGM lasing shows a low excitation threshold for the nested microcavities, which can avoid fluorescence resonant energy transfer. We also achieve wavelength tunable lasing upon altering the different polymers in the nested microcavities. The work demonstrates a simple method to fabricate a full-color WGM laser and its potential applications in compact lighting devices and white laser sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ge
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Zhiyang Xu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Cui Libin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Dan Guo
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Songtao Li
- Department of Mathematics & Physics, North China Electric Power University, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Tianrui Zhai
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| |
Collapse
|