1
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Hou L, Yang L, Yang G, Luo Z, Xiao W, Yang L, Wang F, Gong LZ, Liu X, Cao W, Feng X. Catalytic Asymmetric Dearomative [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition/Ring-Expansion Sequence of Indoles with Diversified Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:23457-23466. [PMID: 38993029 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Developing novel strategies for catalytic asymmetric dearomatization (CADA) reactions is highly valuable. Visible light-mediated photocatalysis is demonstrated to be a powerful tool to activate aromatic compounds for further synthetic transformations. Herein, a catalytic asymmetric dearomative [2 + 2] photocycloaddition/ring-expansion sequence of indoles with simple alkenes was reported, providing a facile access to enantioenriched cyclopenta[b]indoles with good to high yields and enantioselectivities by means of chiral lanthanide photocatalysis. This protocol exhibited a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, as well as potential applications in the synthesis of bioactive molecules. Mechanistic studies, including control experiments, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy, and DFT calculations, were carried out, shedding insights into the reaction mechanism and the origin of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Longqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Gaofei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhe Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wanlong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Linhan Yang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610061, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610061, China
| | - Liu-Zhu Gong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Weidi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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2
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Shimose A, Ishigaki S, Sato Y, Nogami J, Toriumi N, Uchiyama M, Tanaka K, Nagashima Y. Dearomative Construction of 2D/3D Frameworks from Quinolines via Nucleophilic Addition/Borate-Mediated Photocycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202403461. [PMID: 38803130 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dearomative construction of multiply-fused 2D/3D frameworks, composed of aromatic two-dimensional (2D) rings and saturated three-dimensional (3D) rings, from readily available quinolines has greatly contributed to drug discovery. However, dearomative cycloadditions of quinolines in the presence of photocatalysts usually afford 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ)-based polycycles, and dearomative access to 1,2,3,4-THQ-based structures remains limited. Herein, we present a chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective dearomative transformation of quinolines into 1,2,3,4-THQ-based 6-6-4-membered rings without any catalyst, through a combination of nucleophilic addition and borate-mediated [2+2] photocycloaddition. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that the photoexcited borate complex, generated from quinoline, organolithium, and HB(pin), accelerates the cycloaddition and suppresses the rearomatization that usually occurs in conventional photocycloaddition. Based on our mechanistic analysis, we also developed further photoinduced cycloadditions affording other types of 2D/3D frameworks from isoquinoline and phenanthrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuha Shimose
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shiho Ishigaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Juntaro Nogami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Toriumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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3
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Rubel CZ, Ravn AK, Ho HC, Yang S, Li ZQ, Engle KM, Vantourout JC. Stereodivergent, Kinetically Controlled Isomerization of Terminal Alkenes via Nickel Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320081. [PMID: 38494945 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Because internal alkenes are more challenging synthetic targets than terminal alkenes, metal-catalyzed olefin mono-transposition (i.e., positional isomerization) approaches have emerged to afford valuable E- or Z- internal alkenes from their complementary terminal alkene feedstocks. However, the applicability of these methods has been hampered by lack of generality, commercial availability of precatalysts, and scalability. Here, we report a nickel-catalyzed platform for the stereodivergent E/Z-selective synthesis of internal alkenes at room temperature. Commercial reagents enable this one-carbon transposition of terminal alkenes to valuable E- or Z-internal alkenes via a Ni-H-mediated insertion/elimination mechanism. Though the mechanistic regime is the same in both systems, the underlying pathways that lead to each of the active catalysts are distinct, with the Z-selective catalyst forming from comproportionation of an oxidative addition complex followed by oxidative addition with substrate and the E-selective catalyst forming from protonation of the metal by the trialkylphosphonium salt additive. In each case, ligand sterics and denticity control stereochemistry and prevent over-isomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Z Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICMBS, UMR 5246 du CNRS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne K Ravn
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hang Chi Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shenghua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zi-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julien C Vantourout
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICMBS, UMR 5246 du CNRS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
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4
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Zhang Q, Wang Y, Braunstein P, Lang JP. Construction of olefinic coordination polymer single crystal platforms: precise organic synthesis, in situ exploration of reaction mechanisms and beyond. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5227-5263. [PMID: 38597808 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01050c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Olefin [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions based on coordination-bond templates provide numerous advantages for the selective synthesis of cyclobutane compounds. This review outlines the recent advances in the design and construction of single crystal platforms of olefinic coordination polymers for precise organic synthesis, in situ exploration of reaction mechanisms, and possible developments as comprehensively as possible. Numerous examples are presented to illustrate how the arrangements of the olefin pairs influence the solid-state photoreactivity and examine the types of cyclobutane products. Furthermore, the photocycloaddition reaction mechanisms are investigated by combining advanced techniques such as single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and theoretical calculations. Finally, potential applications resulting from promising physicochemical properties before and after photoreactions are discussed, and existing challenges and possible solutions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal - CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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5
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Yan P, Stegbauer S, Wu Q, Kolodzeiski E, Stein CJ, Lu P, Bach T. Enantioselective Intramolecular ortho Photocycloaddition Reactions of 2-Acetonaphthones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318126. [PMID: 38275271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
2-Acetonaphthones, which bear an alkenyl group tethered to its C1 carbon atom via an oxygen atom, were found to undergo an enantioselective intramolecular ortho photocycloaddition reaction. A chiral oxazaborolidine Lewis acid leads to a bathochromic absorption shift of the substrate and enables an efficient enantioface differentiation. Visible light irradiation (λ=450 nm) triggers the reaction which is tolerant of various groups at almost any position except carbon atom C8 (16 examples, 53-99 % yield, 80-97 % ee). Consecutive reactions were explored including a sensitized rearrangement to tetrahydrobiphenylenes, which occurred with full retention of configuration. Evidence was collected that the catalytic photocycloaddition occurs via triplet intermediates, and the binding mode of the acetonaphthone to the chiral Lewis acid was elucidated by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Simone Stegbauer
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Qinqin Wu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Christopher J Stein
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747, Garching, Germany
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6
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Komogortsev AN, Melekhina VG, Lichitskii BV. Anionic photochemical rearrangement of 3-hydroxypyran-4-ones bearing oxazol-2-one fragment. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1686-1692. [PMID: 38304927 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01957h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The photochemical behavior of in situ generated anions of 3-hydroxypyran-4-ones containing an oxazol-2-one moiety was studied. For the first time, it was demonstrated that blue LED light irradiation (450 nm) of substituted 3-hydroxypyran-4-ones in the presence of a base leads regiospecifically to the formation of isomeric 3-hydroxypyran-2-ones. Transformation of the starting 3-hydroxypyran-4-ones into the corresponding anions is necessary for the presented photoprocess. Based on the considered visible light induced rearrangement, a general method for the synthesis of 3-hydroxypyran-2-ones with an oxazol-2-one moiety was elaborated. The structure of one of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Boris V Lichitskii
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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7
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Vinaykumar A, Surender B, Rao BV. Chemoselective Nozaki-Hiyama-Takai-Kishi and Grignard reaction: short synthesis of some carbahexopyranoses. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22824-22830. [PMID: 37520087 PMCID: PMC10375257 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03704e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A common, divergent, efficient, stereoselective and short approach for the total syntheses of some carbahexopyranoses namely, MK7607, (-)-gabosine A, (-)-conduritol E, (-)-conduritol F, 6a-carba-β-d-fructopyranose and other carbasugars using chemoselective Grignard or Nozaki-Hiyama-Takai-Kishi (NHTK) reactions and RCM. Herein, the Grignard and NHTK reactions are able to differentiate the reactivity difference between lactol or lactolacetate and aldehyde of 2 & 6 under given conditions to give the desired skeleton chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allam Vinaykumar
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
| | - Banothu Surender
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
| | - Batchu Venkateswara Rao
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
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8
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Milyutin CV, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Minyaev ME, Melekhina VG. Synthesis of substituted 8 H-benzo[ h]pyrano[2,3- f]quinazolin-8-ones via photochemical 6π-electrocyclization of pyrimidines containing an allomaltol fragment. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:778-788. [PMID: 37346494 PMCID: PMC10280060 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, we elaborated a method for the synthesis of pyrimidines containing an allomaltol unit. The suggested approach is based on the reaction of 2-(1-(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-3-arylprop-1-en-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ones with cyanamide. The photochemical behavior of the obtained pyrimidines was investigated. It was shown that for the hydroxy derivatives the main pathway of phototransformation is a 6π-electrocyclization of the 1,3,5-hexatriene system and subsequent [1,9]-H sigmatropic shift leading to dihydrobenzo[h]pyrano[2,3-f]quinazolines. At the same time, for methylated analogues the photoreaction proceeds in two directions resulting in the formation of a mixture of the corresponding dihydrobenzo[h]pyrano[2,3-f]quinazolines and polyaromatic products. The obtained dihydro derivatives are stable compounds and do not undergo aromatization upon further UV irradiation. The structures of two of the dihydrobenzo[h]pyrano[2,3-f]quinazolines were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the performed studies, a two-stage telescopic method for the synthesis of polyaromatic benzo[h]pyrano[2,3-f]quinazolines including the initial photocyclization of the starting pyrimidines and the final dehydration was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine V Milyutin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Nikolaevich Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail E Minyaev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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9
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Milyutin CV, Galimova RG, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Migulin VA, Melekhina VG. Photochemical Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐6
H
‐cyclopenta[
b
]furan‐6‐ones from Substituted Allomaltols. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantine V. Milyutin
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Renata G. Galimova
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
- Faculty of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N. Komogortsev
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Boris V. Lichitsky
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Vasily A. Migulin
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G. Melekhina
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
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10
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4a,7a-Dihydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methyl-2′,3′,4a,5′,6′,7a-hexahydrospiro[cyclopenta[b]pyridine-4,4′-pyran]-2,7(1H,3H)-dione. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An environment-friendly photochemical approach to the synthesis of 4a,7a-dihydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methyl-2′,3′,4a,5′,6′,7a-hexahydrospiro[cyclopenta[b]pyridine-4,4′-pyran]-2,7(1H,3H)-dione from 2-(4-(3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide was elaborated. The suggested method is based on the ESIPT-promoted contraction of 3-hydroxypyran-4-one fragment followed by intramolecular cyclization of generated in situ α-hydroxy-1,2-diketone intermediate. The distinctive feature of the presented protocol is the employment of water as a solvent for the considered photoreaction. The structure of the obtained photoproduct was confirmed by 1H, 13C-NMR, IR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
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11
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Proessdorf J, Jandl C, Pickl T, Bach T. Arene Activation through Iminium Ions: Product Diversity from Intramolecular Photocycloaddition Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208329. [PMID: 35920713 PMCID: PMC9826208 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
While 2-alk-ω-enyloxy-sustituted benzaldehydes do not display any photochemical reactivity at the arene core, the respective iminium perchlorates were found to undergo efficient reactions either upon direct irradiation (λ=366 nm) or under sensitizing conditions (λ=420 nm, 2.5 mol% thioxanthen-9-one). Three pathways were found: (a) Most commonly, the reaction led to benzoxacyclic products in which the olefin in the tether underwent a formal, yet unprecedented carboformylation (13 examples, 44-99 % yield). The cascade process occurred with high diastereoselectivity and was found to be stereoconvergent. (b) If a substituent resides in the 3-position of the benzene ring, a meta photocycloaddition was observed which produced tetracyclic skeletons with five stereogenic centers in excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity (2 examples, 58-79 % yield). (c) If the tether was internally substituted at the alkene, an arene photocycloaddition was avoided and an azetidine was formed in an aza Paternò-Büchi reaction (2 examples, 95-98 % yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Proessdorf
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)School of Natural SciencesTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)School of Natural SciencesTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Thomas Pickl
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)School of Natural SciencesTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC)School of Natural SciencesTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
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12
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Karibov TT, Lichitsky BV, Komogortsev AN, Melekhina VG. Photoinduced 6π‐electrocyclization of 2,5‐dichlorothiophene containing benzofuranylacrylonitriles as efficient method for the generation of hydrogen chloride. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Turan T. Karibov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia
| | - Boris V. Lichitsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia
| | - Andrey N. Komogortsev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia
| | - Valeriya G. Melekhina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia
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13
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Milyutin CV, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Melekhina VG. Investigation of photochemical behavior of furan derivatives containing an allomaltol fragment. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Proessdorf J, Jandl C, Pickl T, Bach T. Arene Activation through Iminium Ions: Product Diversity from Intramolecular Photocycloaddition Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Proessdorf
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department Chemie GERMANY
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department Chemie GERMANY
| | - Thomas Pickl
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department Chemie GERMANY
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching GERMANY
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15
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Milyutin CV, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Melekhina VG. A study of the photochemical behavior of terarylenes containing allomaltol and pyrazole fragments. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:588-596. [PMID: 35673406 PMCID: PMC9152273 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The photochemical properties behavior of 3-hydroxy-4-pyranone containing terarylenes with a pyrazole bridge fragment were studied. It was shown that UV-induced 6π-electrocyclization of the 1,3,5-hexatriene system was not observed for the considered objects molecules. At the same time, the phototransformation of such systems proceeds exclusively in the direction of the contraction of the pyranone ring leading to unstable α-hydroxydiketones. For the first time the possibility of isolation of the resulting α-hydroxydiketones in pure form was demonstrated. Wherein, it was shown that relatively low stable α-hydroxydiketones can be trapped by reaction with 1,2-phenylenediamine. The general method for the preparation of the corresponding quinoxalines on the basis of the aforementioned condensation was implemented. It was demonstrated that the studied photoreaction does not depend on the type of pyrazole bridge. The structures of three of synthesized products were established by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine V Milyutin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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16
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Facile access to fused 2D/3D rings via intermolecular cascade dearomative [2 + 2] cycloaddition/rearrangement reactions of quinolines with alkenes. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHybrid fused two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) rings are important pharmacophores in drugs owing to their unique structural and physicochemical properties. Preparation of these strained ring systems often requires elaborate synthetic effort and exhibits low efficiency, thus representing a limiting factor in drug discovery. Here, we report two types of energy-transfer-mediated cascade dearomative [2 + 2] cycloaddition/rearrangement reactions of quinoline derivatives with alkenes, which provide a straightforward avenue to 2D/3D pyridine-fused 6−5−4−3- and 6−4−6-membered ring systems. Notably, this energy-transfer-mediated strategy features excellent diastereoselectivity that bypasses the general reactivity and selectivity issues of photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition of various other aromatics. Tuning the aza-arene substitutions enabled selective diversion of the iridium photocatalysed energy transfer manifold towards either cyclopropanation or cyclobutane-rearrangement products. Density functional theory calculations revealed a cascade energy transfer scenario to be operative.
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17
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Prakash G, Paul N, Oliver GA, Werz DB, Maiti D. C-H deuteration of organic compounds and potential drug candidates. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3123-3163. [PMID: 35320331 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01496f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
C-H deuteration has been intricately developed to satisfy the urgent need for site-selectively deuterated organic frameworks. Deuteration has been primarily used to study kinetic isotope effects of reactions but recently its significance in pharmaceutical chemistry has been discovered. Deuterium labelled compounds have stolen the limelight since the inception of the first FDA-approved deuterated drug, for the treatment of chorea-associated Huntington's disease, and their pharmacological importance was realised by chemists, although surprisingly very late. Various approaches were developed to carry out site-selective deuteration. However, the most common and efficient method is hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE). This review summarises deuteration methods of various organic motifs containing C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bonds utilizing C-H bond functionalisation as a key step along with a variety of catalysts, and exemplifies their biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Nilanjan Paul
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Gwyndaf A Oliver
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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18
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Buglioni L, Raymenants F, Slattery A, Zondag SDA, Noël T. Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2752-2906. [PMID: 34375082 PMCID: PMC8796205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced chemical transformations have received in recent years a tremendous amount of attention, providing a plethora of opportunities to synthetic organic chemists. However, performing a photochemical transformation can be quite a challenge because of various issues related to the delivery of photons. These challenges have barred the widespread adoption of photochemical steps in the chemical industry. However, in the past decade, several technological innovations have led to more reproducible, selective, and scalable photoinduced reactions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of these exciting technological advances, including flow chemistry, high-throughput experimentation, reactor design and scale-up, and the combination of photo- and electro-chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Buglioni
- Micro
Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Raymenants
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aidan Slattery
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D. A. Zondag
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Przydacz A, Topolska A, Skrzyńska A, Albrecht Ł. NHC‐catalyzed 1,4‐elimination in the dearomative activation of 3‐furaldehydes towards (4+2)‐cycloadditions. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Mao Z, Huang A, Ma L, Zhang M. Visible light enabled [4+2] annulation reactions for anthracenone-furans from 2,3-dibromonaphthoquinone and phenylbenzofurans. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38235-38238. [PMID: 35498062 PMCID: PMC9044024 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile visible light promoted approach to anthracenone-furans from readily available 2,3-dibromonaphthoquinones and phenylbenzofurans via a formal Diels Alder reaction is reported. This reaction involves wavelength-selective agitation of 4CzIPN, energy transfer to quinones, recombination of 1,6-biradicals and elimination to give anthracenone-furans in good to excellent yields in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi 530004 China
| | - Aimin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi 530004 China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi 530004 China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi 530004 China
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21
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Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Melekhina VG, Nasyrova DI, Milyutin CV. Photoinduced 6π-Electrocyclization of a 1,3,5-Hexatriene System Containing an Allomaltol Fragment. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15345-15356. [PMID: 34637303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, the possibility of photocyclization of the 1,3,5-hexatriene system containing a fragment of allomaltol was demonstrated. A preparative method for the synthesis of previously unknown benzo[5,6]chromeno[8,7-d]oxazole-2,7(3H)-diones was developed based on the investigated photoreaction. A distinctive feature of this approach is the modification of the starting terarylenes aimed at blocking the competitive process leading to side reactions of the pyranone fragment. It was shown that the proposed photocyclization of substituted oxazol-2-ones can be used for the photogeneration of biologically active alcohols and various acids. The structure of one of the cyclization products was determined by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Darina I Nasyrova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Constantine V Milyutin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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22
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Rauscher N, Næsborg L, Jandl C, Bach T. Concise Total Synthesis of Agarozizanol B via a Strained Photocascade Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rauscher
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Line Næsborg
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
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23
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Rauscher N, Næsborg L, Jandl C, Bach T. Concise Total Synthesis of Agarozizanol B via a Strained Photocascade Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24039-24042. [PMID: 34519408 PMCID: PMC8596452 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The prezizane-type sesquiterpene agarozizanol B was synthesized employing a photochemical cascade reaction as the key step. Starting from a readily available 1-indanone with a tethered olefin, a strained tetracyclic skeleton was assembled which contained all carbon atoms of the sesquiterpene with the correct relative configuration. The conversion into the tricyclic prezizane skeleton was accomplished by a strategic cyclopropane bond cleavage. Prior to the cyclopropane ring opening an adaption of the oxidation state was required, which could be combined with a reductive resolution step. After removal of two functional groups, the natural product was obtained both in racemic form or, if resolved, as the (+)-enantiomer which was shown to be identical to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rauscher
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Line Næsborg
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
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24
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Milyutin CV, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Melekhina VG, Minyaev ME. Construction of Spiro-γ-butyrolactone Core via Cascade Photochemical Reaction of 3-Hydroxypyran-4-one Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:5266-5270. [PMID: 34152150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We elaborate a novel one-step photochemical method for the synthesis of spiro-γ-butyrolactone derivatives from 3-hydroxypyran-4-ones. The suggested approach is based on a cascade process including initial photoinduced contraction of 4-pyranone ring followed by intramolecular cyclization leading to the final spiro system. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is intramolecular trapping of unstable α-hydroxydiketone intermediate formed in situ as a result of a photochemical reaction. The structures of two synthesized 1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-8-ene-2,6,7-triones were determined by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine V Milyutin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N Komogortsev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V Lichitsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya G Melekhina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail E Minyaev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky Pr., 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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25
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Haarr MB, Sydnes MO. Synthesis of the Hexahydropyrrolo-[3,2-c]-quinoline Core Structure and Strategies for Further Elaboration to Martinelline, Martinellic Acid, Incargranine B, and Seneciobipyrrolidine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020341. [PMID: 33440776 PMCID: PMC7827258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are rich sources of interesting scaffolds possessing a plethora of biological activity. With the isolation of the martinella alkaloids in 1995, namely martinelline and martinellic acid, the pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinoline scaffold was discovered. Since then, this scaffold has been found in two additional natural products, viz. incargranine B and seneciobipyrrolidine. These natural products have attracted attention from synthetic chemists both due to the interesting scaffold they contain, but also due to the biological activity they possess. This review highlights the synthetic efforts made for the preparation of these alkaloids and formation of analogues with interesting biological activity.
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