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Li H, Goldfuss B, Dickschat JS. Mechanistic characterisation of the diterpene synthase for clitopilene and identification of isopentalenene synthase from the fungus Clitopilus passeckerianus. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7041-7044. [PMID: 38904208 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02286f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Two terpene synthases from the pleuromutilin producing fungus Clitopilus passeckerianus were functionally characterised. The first enzyme CpTS1 produces the new diterpene clitopilene with a novel 6-6-5-5 tetracyclic skeleton, while the second enzyme CpTS2 makes the new sesquiterpene isopentalenene. The CpTS1 reaction mechanism was studied in depth using experimental and theoretical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department for Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Gu B, Goldfuss B, Dickschat JS. Two Sesterterpene Synthases from Lentzea atacamensis Demonstrate the Role of Conformational Variability in Terpene Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401539. [PMID: 38372063 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Mining of two multiproduct sesterterpene synthases from Lentzea atacamensis resulted in the identification of the synthases for lentzeadiene (LaLDS) and atacamatriene (LaATS). The main product of LaLDS (lentzeadiene) is a new compound, while one of the side products (lentzeatetraene) is the enantiomer of brassitetraene B and the other side product (sestermobaraene F) is known from a surprisingly distantly related sesterterpene synthase. LaATS produces six new compounds, one of which is the enantiomer of the known sesterterpene Bm1. Notably, for both enzymes the products cannot all be explained from one and the same starting conformation of geranylfarnesyl diphosphate, demonstrating the requirement of conformational flexibility of the substrate in the enzymes' active sites. For lentzeadiene an intriguing thermal [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement was discovered, reminiscent of the biosynthesis of vitamin D3. All enzyme reactions and the [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement were investigated through isotopic labeling experiments and DFT calculations. The results also emphasize the importance of conformational changes during terpene cyclizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gu
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department for Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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Gu B, Goldfuss B, Schnakenburg G, Dickschat JS. Subrutilane-A Hexacyclic Sesterterpene from Streptomyces subrutilus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313789. [PMID: 37846897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Mining of a terpene synthase from Streptomyces subrutilus resulted in the identification of the hexacyclic sesterterpene subrutilane, besides eight pentacyclic side products. Subrutilane represents the first case of a saturated sesterterpene hydrocarbon. Its structure, including the absolute configuration, was unambiguously determined through X-ray crystallographic analysis and stereoselective deuteration. The cyclisation mechanism to subrutilane and its side products was investigated in all detail by isotopic labelling experiments and DFT calculations. The subrutilane synthase (SrS) also converted (2Z)-GFPP into one major product. Additional compounds were obtained from the substrate analogues (7R)-6,7-dihydro-GFPP and (2Z,7R)-6,7-dihydro-GFPP with blocked reactivity at the C6-C7 bond. Interestingly, the early steps of the cyclisation cascade with (2Z)-GFPP and the saturated substrate analogues were analogous to those of GFPP, but then deviations from the natural cyclisation mode occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gu
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department for Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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Taizoumbe KA, Steiner ST, Dickschat JS. Mechanistic Characterisation of Collinodiene Synthase, a Diterpene Synthase from Streptomyces collinus. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302469. [PMID: 37579200 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Two homologs of the diterpene synthase CotB2 from Streptomyces collinus (ScCotB2) and Streptomyces iakyrus (SiCotB2) were investigated for their products by in vitro incubations of the recombinant enzymes with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, followed by compound isolation and structure elucidation by NMR. ScCotB2 produced the new compound collinodiene, besides the canonical CotB2 product cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol, dolabella-3,7,18-triene and dolabella-3,7,12-triene, while SiCotB2 gave mainly cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol and only traces of dolabella-3,7,18-triene. The cyclisation mechanism towards the ScCotB2 products and their absolute configurations were investigated through isotopic labelling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizerbo A Taizoumbe
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simon T Steiner
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
Covering: 2015 to 2022Fungal terpenoids are of large structural diversity and often exhibit interesting biological activities. Recent work has focused on two main aspects: (1) the discovery and understanding of unknown biosynthetic genes and pathways, and (2) the usage of already known biosynthetic genes in the construction of high yielding production strains. Both aspects will be covered in this review article that aims to summarise the most important work of the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yin
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Quan Z, Hou A, Goldfuss B, Dickschat JS. Mechanism of the Bifunctional Multiple Product Sesterterpene Synthase AcAS from Aspergillus calidoustus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117273. [PMID: 35072966 PMCID: PMC9303889 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The multiproduct chimeric sesterterpene synthase AcAS from Aspergillus calidoustus yielded spirocyclic calidoustene, which exhibits a novel skeleton, besides five known sesterterpenes. The complex cyclisation mechanism to all six compounds was investigated by isotopic labelling experiments in combination with DFT calculations. Chemically synthesised 8-hydroxyfarnesyl diphosphate was converted with isopentenyl diphosphate and AcAS into four oxygenated sesterterpenoids that structurally resemble cytochrome P450 oxidation products of the sesterterpene hydrocarbons. Protein engineering of AcAS broadened the substrate scope and gave significantly improved enzyme yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Quan
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstraße 450939CologneGermany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
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Abstract
Five analogs of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) with additional or shifted Me groups were converted with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and the fungal variediene synthase from Aspergillus brasiliensis (AbVS). These enzymatic reactions resulted in the formation of several new terpene analogs that were isolated and structurally characterised by NMR spectroscopy. Several DMAPP analogs showed a changed reactivity giving access to compounds with unusual skeletons. Their formation is mechanistically rationalised and the absolute configurations of all obtained compounds were determined through a stereoselective deuteration strategy, revealing absolute configurations that are analogous to that of the natural enzyme product variediene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐Fu Liang
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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Quan Z, Hou A, Goldfuss B, Dickschat JS. Mechanism of the Bifunctional Multiple Product Sesterterpene Synthase AcldAS from Aspergillus calidoustus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Quan
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Anwei Hou
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn GERMANY
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Li H, Dickschat JS. Isotopic labelling experiments and enzymatic preparation of iso-casbenes with casbene synthase from Ricinus communis. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Casbene synthase was used to convert GGPP isomers into iso-casbenes. The enzyme mechanism and absolute configurations were investigated through stereoselective deuteration. 13C-labellings gave insights into the mass spectrometric fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Hou A, Dickschat JS. The EI‐MS Fragmentation Mechanisms of the Bacterial Diterpenes Polytrichastrene A and Wanju‐2,5‐diene. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
- Institute of Microbiology Jiangxi Academy of Sciences Changdong Road No. 7777 330096 Nanchang China
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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Hou A, Dickschat JS. On the mass spectrometric fragmentations of the bacterial sesterterpenes sestermobaraenes A-C. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2807-2819. [PMID: 33281984 PMCID: PMC7684692 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 13C-labelling was introduced into each individual carbon of the recently discovered sestermobaraenes by the enzymatic conversion of the correspondingly 13C-labelled isoprenyl diphosphate precursors with the sestermobaraene synthase from Streptomyces mobaraensis. The main compounds sestermobaraenes A, B, and C were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), allowing for a deep mechanistic investigation of the electron impact mass spectrometry (EIMS) fragmentation reactions of these sesterterpene hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Quan Z, Dickschat JS. Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Asperterpenols A and B and the Cyclization Mechanism of Asperterpenol A Synthase. Org Lett 2020; 22:7552-7555. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Quan
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as patulignan A from Melicope patulinervia.
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