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Beck PS, Leitão AG, Santana YB, Correa JR, Rodrigues CVS, Machado DFS, Matos GDR, Ramos LM, Gatto CC, Oliveira SCC, Andrade CKZ, Neto BAD. Revisiting Biginelli-like reactions: solvent effects, mechanisms, biological applications and correction of several literature reports. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3630-3651. [PMID: 38652003 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00272e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study critically reevaluates reported Biginelli-like reactions using a Kamlet-Abboud-Taft-based solvent effect model. Surprisingly, structural misassignments were discovered in certain multicomponent reactions, leading to the identification of pseudo three-component derivatives instead of the expected MCR adducts. Attempts to replicate literature conditions failed, prompting reconsideration of the described MCRs and proposed mechanisms. Electrospray ionization (tandem) mass spectrometry, NMR, melting points, elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray analysis exposed inaccuracies in reported MCRs and allowed for the proposition of a complete catalytic cycle. Biological investigations using both pure and "contaminated" derivatives revealed distinctive features in assessed bioassays. A new cellular action mechanism was unveiled for a one obtained pseudo three-component adduct, suggesting similarity with the known dihydropyrimidinone Monastrol as Eg5 inhibitors, disrupting mitosis by forming monoastral mitotic spindles. Docking studies and RMSD analyses supported this hypothesis. The findings described herein underscore the necessity for a critical reexamination and potential corrections of structural assignments in several reports. This work emphasizes the significance of rigorous characterization and critical evaluation in synthetic chemistry, urging a careful reassessment of reported synthesis and biological activities associated with these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro S Beck
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Arthur G Leitão
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Yasmin B Santana
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - José R Correa
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Carime V S Rodrigues
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Daniel F S Machado
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme D R Matos
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Luciana M Ramos
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Anápolis, Goiás, 75001-970, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Gatto
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Sarah C C Oliveira
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Allelopathy, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos K Z Andrade
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- University of Brasilia, Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
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Neto BAD, Sorto JEP, Lapis AAM, Machado F. Functional chromophores synthesized via multicomponent Reactions: A review on their use as cell-imaging probes. Methods 2023; 220:142-157. [PMID: 37939912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and applications of fluorescence imaging probes synthesized via MCRs (multicomponent reactions). These probes, also known as functional chromophores, belong to a currently investigated class of fluorophores that are presently being successfully applied in bioimaging experiments, especially in various living cell lineages. We describe some of the MCRs that have been employed in the synthesis of these probes and explore their applications in biological imaging, with an emphasis on cellular imaging. The review also discusses the challenges and future perspectives in the field, particularly considering the potential impact of MCR-based fluorescence imaging probes on advancing this field of research in the coming years. Considering that this area of research is relatively new and nearly a decade has passed since the first publication, this review also provides a historical perspective on this class of fluorophores, highlighting the pioneering works published between 2011 and 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Jenny E P Sorto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Fabricio Machado
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
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Brandner L, Müller TJJ. Multicomponent synthesis of chromophores – The one-pot approach to functional π-systems. Front Chem 2023; 11:1124209. [PMID: 37007054 PMCID: PMC10065161 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1124209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions, conducted in a domino, sequential or consecutive fashion, have not only considerably enhanced synthetic efficiency as one-pot methodology, but they have also become an enabling tool for interdisciplinary research. The highly diversity-oriented nature of the synthetic concept allows accessing huge structural and functional space. Already some decades ago this has been recognized for life sciences, in particular, lead finding and exploration in pharma and agricultural chemistry. The quest for novel functional materials has also opened the field for diversity-oriented syntheses of functional π-systems, i.e. dyes for photonic and electronic applications based on their electronic properties. This review summarizes recent developments in MCR syntheses of functional chromophores highlighting syntheses following either the framework forming scaffold approach by establishing connectivity between chromophores or the chromogenic chromophore approach by de novo formation of chromophore of interest. Both approaches warrant rapid access to molecular functional π-systems, i.e. chromophores, fluorophores, and electrophores for various applications.
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Continuous Flow Photochemical Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene Isoxazole-5(4H)-ones through Organic Photoredox Catalysis and Investigation of Their Larvicidal Activity. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoxazole-5(4H)-ones are heteropentacycle compounds found in several bioactive molecules with pharmaceutical and agrochemical properties. A well-known multicomponent reaction between β-ketoester, hydroxylamine, and aromatic aldehydes leads to 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene isoxazole-5(4H)-ones, in mild conditions. The initial purpose of this work was to investigate whether the reaction might be induced by light, as described in previous works. Remarkable results were obtained using a high-power lamp, reducing reaction times compared to methodologies that used heating or catalysis. Since there are many examples of successful continuous flow heterocycle synthesis, including photochemical reactions, the study evolved to run the reaction in flow conditions and scale up the synthesis of isoxazolones using a photochemical reactor set-up. Eight different compounds were obtained, and among them, three showed larvicidal activity on immature forms of Aedes aegypti in tests that investigated its growth inhibitory character. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the reactions occur through organic photoredox catalysis.
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Kapale SS, Gadkari YU, Chaudhari HK. Lipase Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-(Hetero) Arylmethyleneisoxazole-5(4 H)-Ones under Aqueous Conditions. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2096649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj S. Kapale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Yatin U. Gadkari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Hemchandra K. Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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Neto BAD, Eberlin MN, Sherwood J. Solvent Screening Is Not Solvent Effect: A Review on the Most Neglected Aspect of Multicomponent Reactions. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A D. Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry University of Brasília Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília Distrito Federal 70904-900 Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- School of Material Engineering and Nanotechnology MackMass Laboratory Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo SP 01302-907 Brazil
| | - James Sherwood
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence Department of Chemistry University of York Heslington North Yorkshire YO10 5DD UK
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Kiyani H, Daroughezadeh Z. Efficient and Aqoues Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted Isoxazol-5(4H)-one Derivatives Using Piperazine under Green Conditions. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Neto BAD, Rocha RO, Rodrigues MO. Catalytic Approaches to Multicomponent Reactions: A Critical Review and Perspectives on the Roles of Catalysis. Molecules 2021; 27:132. [PMID: 35011363 PMCID: PMC8746711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we comprehensively describe catalyzed multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and the multiple roles of catalysis combined with key parameters to perform these transformations. Besides improving yields and shortening reaction times, catalysis is vital to achieving greener protocols and to furthering the MCR field of research. Considering that MCRs typically have two or more possible reaction pathways to explain the transformation, catalysis is essential for selecting a reaction route and avoiding byproduct formation. Key parameters, such as temperature, catalyst amounts and reagent quantities, were analyzed. Solvent effects, which are likely the most neglected topic in MCRs, as well as their combined roles with catalysis, are critically discussed. Stereocontrolled MCRs, rarely observed without the presence of a catalytic system, are also presented and discussed in this review. Perspectives on the use of catalytic systems for improved and greener MCRs are finally presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A. D. Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
| | - Rafael O. Rocha
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
| | - Marcelo O. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG72RD, UK
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Romanholo PVV, Razzino CA, Raymundo-Pereira PA, Prado TM, Machado SAS, Sgobbi LF. Biomimetic electrochemical sensors: New horizons and challenges in biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 185:113242. [PMID: 33915434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The urge to meet the ever-growing needs of sensing technology has spurred research to look for new alternatives to traditional analytical methods. In this scenario, the glucometer is the flagship of commercial electrochemical sensing platforms, combining selectivity, reliability and portability. However, other types of enzyme-based biosensors seldom achieve the market, in spite of the large and increasing number of publications. The reasons behind their commercial limitations concern enzyme denaturation, and the high costs associated with procedures for their extraction and purification. In this sense, biomimetic materials that seek to imitate the desired properties of natural enzymes and biological systems have come out as an appealing path for robust and sensitive electrochemical biosensors. We herein portray the historical background of these biomimicking materials, covering from their beginnings until the most impactful applications in the field of electrochemical sensing platforms. Throughout the discussion, we present and critically appraise the major benefits and the most significant drawbacks offered by the bioinspired systems categorized as Nanozymes, Synzymes, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs), Nanochannels, and Metal Complexes. Innovative strategies of fabrication and challenging applications are further reviewed and evaluated. In the end, we ponder over the prospects of this emerging field, assessing the most critical issues that shall be faced in the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V V Romanholo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Claudia A Razzino
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, São José Dos Campos, SP, 12244-000, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago M Prado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Sergio A S Machado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Livia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
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Kiyani H, Faramarzi Z. Organocatalyzed Three-Component Synthesis of Isoxazol-5(4H)-ones under Aqueous Conditions. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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