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Li J, Huang J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhu Y, You H, Chen FE. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution of racemic/ meso substrates. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8280-8294. [PMID: 38846404 PMCID: PMC11151816 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02135e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds is a pivotal subject in the field of chemistry, with enantioselective catalysis currently standing as the primary approach for delivering specific enantiomers. Among these strategies, Cu-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution (AAS) is significant and irreplaceable, especially when it comes to the use of non-stabilized nucleophiles (pK a > 25). Although Cu-catalyzed AAS of prochiral substrates has also been widely developed, methodologies involving racemic/meso substrates are highly desirable, as the substrates undergo dynamic processes to give single enantiomer products. Inspired by the pioneering work of the Alexakis, Feringa and Gennari groups, Cu-catalyzed AAS has been continuously employed in deracemization and desymmetrization processes for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched products. In this review, we mainly focus on the developments of Cu-catalyzed AAS with racemic/meso substrates over the past two decades, providing an explicit outline of the ligands employed, the scope of nucleophiles, the underlying dynamic processes and their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Junrong Huang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuexin Liu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Hengzhi You
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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2
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Griffiths CM, Franckevičius V. The Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Acyclic Enolates for the Construction of Quaternary and Tetrasubstituted Stereogenic Centres. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304289. [PMID: 38284328 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
To facilitate the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals, the demand for novel stereofunctionalised building blocks has never been greater. Whilst molecules bearing quaternary and tetrasubstituted stereogenic centres are ideally suited to explore untapped areas of chemical space, the asymmetric construction ofsterically congested carbon centres remains a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. The enantioselective assembly of acyclic stereogenic centres is even more demanding due to the need to restrict a much wider range of geometries and conformations of the intermediates involved. In this context, the catalytic asymmetric allylicalkylation (AAA) of acyclic prochiral nucleophiles, namely enolates, has become an indispensable tool to access a range of linearα-quaternary andα-tetrasubstituted carbonyl compounds. However, unlike the AAA of cyclic enolates with a fixed enolate geometry, to achieve high levels of stereocontrol in the AAA of acyclic enolates, the stereoselectivity of enolisation must be considered. The aim of this review is to offer acomprehensivediscussion of catalytic AAA reactions of acyclic prochiral enolates and their analogues to generate congested quaternary and tetrasubstituted chiral centres using metal, non-metal and dual catalysis, with particular focus given to the control of enolate geometry and its impact on the stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
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3
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Moser D, Schmidt TA, Sparr C. Diastereodivergent Catalysis. JACS AU 2023; 3:2612-2630. [PMID: 37885579 PMCID: PMC10598570 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Alongside enantioselective catalysis, synthetic chemists are often confronted by the challenge of achieving catalyst control over the relative configuration to stereodivergently access desired diastereomers. Typically, these approaches iteratively or simultaneously control multiple stereogenic units for which dual catalytic methods comprising sequential, relay, and synergistic catalysis emerged as particularly efficient strategies. In this Perspective, the benefits and challenges of catalyst-controlled diastereodivergence in the construction of carbon stereocenters are discussed on the basis of illustrative examples. The concepts are then transferred to diastereodivergent catalysis for atropisomeric systems with twofold and higher-order stereogenicity as well as diastereodivergent catalyst control over E- and Z-configured alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Enantioselective Three‐Component Photochemical 1,4‐Bisalkylation of 1,3‐Butadiene with Pd/Cu Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208411. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300071 China
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5
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Huo X, Li G, Wang X, Zhang W. Bimetallic Catalysis in Stereodivergent Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210086. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Guanlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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6
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Huo X, Li G, Wang X, Zhang W. Bimetallic Catalysis in Stereodivergent Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Huo
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University - Minhang Campus: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China 200240 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Guanlin Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University - Minhang Campus: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xi Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University - Minhang Campus: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 800 Dongchuan Road 200240 Shanghai CHINA
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7
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Wang K, Lin X, Li Q, Liu Y, Li C. The synthesis of tetracyclic coumarins via decarboxylative asymmetric [4+2] cycloadditions enabled by Pd(0)/Cu(I) synergistic catalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Enantioselective Three‐Component Photochemical 1,4‐Bisalkylation of 1,3‐Butadiene with Pd/Cu Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Chemistry Department of Nankai University 94 Weijin Rd. 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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9
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Ke M, Yu Y, Zhang K, Zuo S, Liu Z, Xiao X, Chen F. Synergistic Pd/Cu Catalyzed Allylation of Cyclic Ketimine Esters with Vinylethylene Carbonates: Enantioselective Construction of Trisubstituted Allylic 2
H
‐Pyrrole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaolin Ke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Yu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of Chemistry Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zuo
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of Chemistry Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of Chemistry Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
| | - Fener Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of Chemistry Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
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10
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Stereodivergent Desymmetrization of Simple Dicarboxylates via Branch‐Selective Pd/Cu Catalyzed Allylic Substitution. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200273. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Li B, Xu H, Dang Y, Houk KN. Dispersion and Steric Effects on Enantio-/Diastereoselectivities in Synergistic Dual Transition-Metal Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1971-1985. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hui Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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12
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Fu C, Xiong Q, Xiao L, He L, Bai T, Zhang Z, Dong X, Wang C. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Carbocyclic Quaternary
α‐Amino
Acid Derivatives Containing Two Contiguous Stereocenters. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 230021 China
| | - Ling He
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Tian Bai
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zongpeng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xiu‐Qin Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Jiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 230021 China
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13
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Wang T, Peng Y, Li G, Luo Y, Ye Y, Huo X, Zhang W. Synergistic Ir/Cu Catalysis for Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Oxindoles: Enantio- and Diastereoselective Construction of Quaternary and Tertiary Stereocenters. Chemistry 2021; 27:10255-10260. [PMID: 33982366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
3,3-Disubstituted oxindoles bearing quaternary and tertiary stereogenic centers are privileged structural motifs, which widely exist in pharmaceutical and natural products. Herein, a highly regio-, enantio-, and diastereoselective allylic alkylation of 3-alkyl oxindoles through synergistic iridium and copper catalysis is described, which provides a series of 3,3-disubstituted oxindole derivatives containing adjacent quaternary and tertiary stereogenic centers in excellent yields, enantiomeric excess, and diastereomeric ratio (for 30 examples, up to 97 % yield, >99 % ee, and >20 : 1 dr). This method provides exclusive branched selectivity, excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivities, and good functional compatibility. Control experiments suggested that the chiral copper catalyst is required for achieving high reactivities and diastereoselectivities under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Youbin Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guanlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yicong Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Ye
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaohong Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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14
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Yang SQ, Wang YF, Zhao WC, Lin GQ, He ZT. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Tertiary Fluoride-Tethered Allenes via Copper and Palladium Dual Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7285-7291. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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