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Chen CM, Lin SK, Hsieh CT, Reddy JS, Teoh YN, Cheng MJ, Hsieh HP. Influence of Ring Strain on the Formation of Rearrangement vs Cyclization Isotwistane Products in the Acyl Radical Reaction of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanone. Org Lett 2023; 25:7757-7762. [PMID: 37738398 PMCID: PMC10630961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
An acyl radical reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octenone to yield either rearranged or cyclized isotwistane products is described. The influence of ring strain on the reaction was demonstrated by alternating the sizes of the fused ring in the starting material. DFT calculations showed that the reaction is under thermodynamic control and proceeds via a 5-exo-trig cyclization intermediate, which undergoes either hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) to give a cyclized product or rearrangement via a twistane intermediate to give a rearranged product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ming Chen
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Kuo Lin
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Tien Hsieh
- Department
of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Julakanti Satyanarayana Reddy
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi Ning Teoh
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Pang Hsieh
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- Biomedical
Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115, Taiwan, ROC
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Munawar S, Zahoor AF, Ali S, Javed S, Irfan M, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Mitsunobu Reaction: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis of Natural Products: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:6953. [PMID: 36296545 PMCID: PMC9609662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mitsunobu reaction plays a vital part in organic chemistry due to its wide synthetic applications. It is considered as a significant reaction for the interconversion of one functional group (alcohol) to another (ester) in the presence of oxidizing agents (azodicarboxylates) and reducing agents (phosphines). It is a renowned stereoselective reaction which inverts the stereochemical configuration of end products. One of the most important applications of the Mitsunobu reaction is its role in the synthesis of natural products. This review article will focus on the contribution of the Mitsunobu reaction towards the total synthesis of natural products, highlighting their biological potential during recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Munawar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Laboratory of Experimental Cytology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Gaugele
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Institut für Organische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Martin E. Maier
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Institut für Organische Chemie Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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Strategies and Efforts towards the Total Synthesis of Palhinine Alkaloids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184211. [PMID: 32937904 PMCID: PMC7570941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The palhinine family of Lycopodium alkaloids were first reported in 2010, which feature an intriguing isotwistane carbon cage and a nine-membered azonane ring. It is noteworthy that the tetracyclic 5/6/6/9 skeleton was unprecedented in Lycopodium alkaloids before their seminal discovery. Over the past decade, extensive synthetic efforts stemming from seven research groups have resulted in two racemic total syntheses to date. This review article takes the opportunity to survey these efforts and achievements so as to promote further research towards the asymmetric total synthesis of palhinine alkaloids.
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