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Zhang Z, Gevorgyan V. Visible Light-Induced Reactions of Diazo Compounds and Their Precursors. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7214-7261. [PMID: 38754038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, visible light-induced reactions of diazo compounds have attracted increasing attention in organic synthesis, leading to improvement of existing reactions, as well as to the discovery of unprecedented transformations. Thus, photochemical or photocatalytic generation of both carbenes and radicals provide milder tools toward these key intermediates for many valuable transformations. However, the vast majority of the transformations represent new reactivity modes of diazo compounds, which are achieved by the photochemical decomposition of diazo compounds and photoredox catalysis. In particular, the use of a redox-active photocatalysts opens the avenue to a plethora of radical reactions. The application of these methods to diazo compounds led to discovery of transformations inaccessible by the classical reactivity associated with carbenes and metal carbenes. In most cases, diazo compounds act as radical sources but can also serve as radical acceptors. Importantly, the described processes operate under mild, practical conditions. This Review describes this subfield of diazo compound chemistry, particularly focusing on recent advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
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2
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Du Y, Mei H, Makarem A, Javahershenas R, Soloshonok VA, Han J. Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reaction of β-trifluoromethyl β-diazo esters enabling the synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl N, N-diacyl-β-amino esters. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:212-219. [PMID: 38318462 PMCID: PMC10840549 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
An efficient multicomponent reaction of newly designed β-trifluoromethyl β-diazo esters, acetonitrile, and carboxylic acids via an interrupted esterification process under copper-catalyzed conditions has been developed, which affords various unsymmetrical β-trifluoromethyl N,N-diacyl-β-amino esters in good to excellent yields. The reaction features mild conditions, a wide scope of β-amino esters and carboxylic acids, and also applicability to large-scale synthesis, thus providing an efficient way for the synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl β-diacylamino esters. Furthermore, this reaction represents the first example of a Mumm rearrangement of β-trifluoromethyl β-diazo esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Du
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ata Makarem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramin Javahershenas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo 36-5, Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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3
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Hajdin I, Pajkert R, Keßler M, Han J, Mei H, Röschenthaler GV. Access to cyclopropanes with geminal trifluoromethyl and difluoromethylphosphonate groups. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:541-549. [PMID: 37153646 PMCID: PMC10155617 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A synthetic route to the bench-stable fluorinated masked carbene reagent diethyl 2-diazo-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylphosphonate, bearing a trifluoromethyl and a difluoromethyl group is reported for the first time. Its application in CuI-catalyzed cyclopropanation reactions with aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkenes under mild reaction conditions is demonstrated. In total, sixteen new cyclopropanes were synthesized in good to very good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ita Hajdin
- School of Science, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, Bremen 28759, Germany
| | - Romana Pajkert
- School of Science, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, Bremen 28759, Germany
| | - Mira Keßler
- Center for Molecular Materials, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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4
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Li Z, Yao X, Zhang X, Mei H, Han J. Carboxylic Acid O-H Insertion Reaction of β-Ester Diazos Enabling Synthesis of β-Acyloxy Esters. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15483-15491. [PMID: 36354090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Generation of non-stabilized β-ester diazos and their applications in carboxylic acid O-H insertion reactions have been reported, which afford β-acyloxy esters in excellent yield. Varieties of aryl- and alkyl-substituted diazos are well tolerated in this insertion reaction under mild and convenient conditions. Moreover, structural modification of the natural product and molecular drug can also be achieved in this reaction. This protocol not only realizes the reaction involving unstable β-ester diazos but also provides an efficient strategy for the synthesis of β-acyloxy esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyu Yao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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5
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Wang Q, Liu J, Mei H, Pajkert R, Kessler M, Röschenthaler GV, Han J. Ru-Catalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer/C–F Bond Cleavage of Difluoroalkyl Diazos with Hantzsch Ester via a Photocatalytic Radical Process. Org Lett 2022; 24:8036-8040. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Romana Pajkert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mira Kessler
- Center for Molecular Materials, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Gerd-Volker Röschenthaler
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Copper-catalyzed reaction of alkyl trifluoromethyl diazoalkane for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl allenes. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Wang Q, Liu J, Wang N, Pajkert R, Mei H, Röschenthaler G, Han J. One‐Pot Reaction of (β‐Amino‐α,α‐difluoroethyl)phosphonates with Trifluoromethylated Ketones via Aza‐Wittig Reagents. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Romana Pajkert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Gerd‐Volker Röschenthaler
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
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8
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Liu J, Pajkert R, Wang L, Mei H, Röschenthaler GV, Han J. Facile synthesis of (β-chlorodifluoroethyl)phosphonates via chlorination reaction of difluoroalkyl diazo derivatives with HCl. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Mei H, Wang N, Li Z, Han J. Intramolecular Appel Reaction of Trifluoromethylated β-Keto Diazos Enabling Assembly of Trifluoromethylpyrazoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:2258-2263. [PMID: 35297254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method for the generation of trifluoromethylated β-keto diazos and their applications in intramolecular Appel type reactions are reported. The key success of this reaction is a diazo species as an N-nucleophile in Appel reactions. This reaction is conducted under mild conditions and has a broad substrate scope, affording trifluoromethylpyrazoles in ≤94% yields. This protocol represents a new type of Appel reaction and also a new reaction mode of fluoro diazoalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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10
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Devi L, Pokhriyal A, Shekhar S, Kant R, Mukherjee S, Rastogi N. Organo‐photocatalytic Synthesis of 6‐
β
‐Disubstituted Phenanthridines from
α
‐Diazo‐
β‐
Keto Compounds and Vinyl Azides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Devi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Ayushi Pokhriyal
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Shashi Shekhar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal 462066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Biochemistry & Structural Biology Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal 462066 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Namrata Rastogi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173 Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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11
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Wang Q, Wang L, Pajkert R, Hajdin I, Mei H, Röschenthaler GV, Han J. [3+2] Cycloaddition reactions of β-diazo-α,α-difluoromethylphosphonates with α,β-unsaturated esters. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Li J, Li B, Chen J, Jia X, Wang M, Hao C, Zheng X, Dai H, Hu W. Catalyst-free gem-chlorosulfurization of difluoromethyl-substituted diazo compounds with disulfide and PhICl 2. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8030-8034. [PMID: 34486639 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01422f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of gem-chlorosulfurization products bearing difluoromethyl substituents were synthesized in high to excellent yields directly from p-toluenesulfonyl difluorodiazoethane (TsCF2CHN2), disulfides and PhICl2 without any catalysts or additives. The mild reaction conditions and high functional group compatibility indicated the utility and sustainability of the method. In addition, the gem-chlorosulfurization products could be efficiently converted to sulfur-containing and aryl substituted difluoromethyl derivatives by a feasible multi-component operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Xinyu Jia
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Chengjun Hao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Hongmei Dai
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medical Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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13
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Mei H, Wang L, Pajkert R, Wang Q, Xu J, Liu J, Röschenthaler GV, Han J. In Situ Generation of Unstable Difluoromethylphosphonate-Containing Diazoalkanes and Their Use in [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions with Vinyl Sulfones. Org Lett 2021; 23:1130-1134. [PMID: 33480704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of unstable difluoromethylphosphonate-containing diazoalkanes with vinyl sulfones under simple reaction conditions is developed, which provides an efficient route toward functionalized fluorinated pyrazolines derivatives in good chemical yields. The difluoro diazoalkanes are generated in situ using t-BuONO for the diazotization of (β-amino-α,α-difluoroethyl)phosphonates, and their stabilities and reactivities were carefully investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Romana Pajkert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingcheng Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Gerd-Volker Röschenthaler
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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14
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Liu J, Xu J, Pajkert R, Mei H, Röschenthaler GV, Han J. Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with (β-Diazo-α,α-difluoroethyl)phosphonates under Photochemical Conditions. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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