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Paul S, Daga P, Dey N. Exploring Various Photochemical Processes in Optical Sensing of Pesticides by Luminescent Nanomaterials: A Concise Discussion on Challenges and Recent Advancements. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44395-44423. [PMID: 38046331 PMCID: PMC10688216 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is a burning global issue in this present era. The prevalence of harmful food additives and contaminants in everyday food is a significant cause for concern as they can adversely affect human health. More particularly, among the different food contaminants, the use of excessive pesticides in agricultural products is severely hazardous. So, the optical detection of residual pesticides is an effective strategy to counter the hazardous effect and ensure food safety. In this perspective, nanomaterials have played a leading role in defending the open threat against food safety instigated by the reckless use of pesticides. Now, nanomaterial-based optical detection of pesticides has reached full pace and needs an inclusive discussion. This Review covers the advancement of photoprocess-based optical detection of pesticides categorically using nanomaterials. Here, we have thoroughly dissected the photoprocesses (aggregation and aggregation-induced emission (AIE), charge transfer and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), electron transfer and photoinduced electron transfer (PET), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), hydrogen bonding, and inner filter effect) and categorically demarcated their significant role in the optical detection of pesticides by luminescent nanomaterials over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvendu Paul
- Department
of Chemistry, BITS-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Pooja Daga
- Department
of Chemistry, Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati
University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Nilanjan Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, BITS-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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2
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Karmaker PG, Tang Y, Zhang L, Huo F, Wang Y, Yang X. Dual-Color 2D Lead-Organic Framework with Two-Fold Interlocking Structures for the Detection of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51531-51544. [PMID: 36342338 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The misuse of organic pollutants such as nitrofuran antibiotics (NFAs) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline (DCN) has become a hot topic of global concern, and developing rapid, efficient, and accurate techniques for detecting NFAs and pesticides in water is a major challenge. Here, we designed a novel lead-based anion 2D metal-organic framework (MOF){[(CH3)2NH2]2[Pb(TCBPE)(H2O)2]}n (F3) with interlocking structures, in which TCBPE stands for 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylbiphenyl)ethylene. Powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that F3 has excellent chemical and solvent stability. It is worth noting that F3 has a grinding discoloration effect. The solvent-protected grinding approach achieved F3B with a high quantum yield (QY = 73.77%) and blue fluorescence, while the direct grinding method produced F3Y with a high quantum yield (QY = 37.27%) and yellow-green fluorescence. Importantly, F3B can detect NFAs in water rapidly and sensitively while remaining unaffected by other antibiotics. F3Y can identify DCN in water quickly and selectively while remaining unchanged by other pesticides. F3B demonstrated high selectivity and rapid response to NFAs at a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.26 μM, while F3Y indicated high selectivity and responded quickly to DCN in water at an LOD as low as 0.14 μM. The method was successfully applied to detect NFAs in actual water samples of the fish tanks and ponds as well as the pesticide DCN in soil samples. The recovery rates were 97.0-105.15% and 102.2-106.48%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.63-1.45% and 0.29-1.69%, respectively. In addition, F3B and F3Y can be made into fluorescent test papers for the visual detection of NFAs and DCN, respectively. Combined with experiments and density functional theory calculations, the mechanism of fluorescence quenching of MOFs by target analytes was also revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro/Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Pran Gopal Karmaker
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro/Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, P. R. China
| | - Lilei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Feng Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro/Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, P. R. China
| | - Ya Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, P. R. China
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3
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Wang K, Li L, Yang L, Guo J, Wang Z, Tang H, Ma Y. A water-stable zwitterionic Zn(II) coordination polymer as a luminescent sensor for the nitrofurazone antibiotic in milk. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Tao X, Yang R, Xiao Y, Liao L, Xiao X, Nie C. Complexation and enantioselectivity of novel bridge-like uranyl- 2-((1Z,9Z)-9-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,5,6,8-tetrahydrobenzo[ h][1,4,7,10] dioxadiazacyclododecin-2-yl)-5-methoxyphenol with chiral organophosphorus pesticide enantiomers of R/S-malathions. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3378-3389. [PMID: 33886435 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1921055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Designing new uranyl complexes with enantioselectivity is of great significance for the identification and separation of enantiomers of chiral pesticides. In this paper, a new asymmetric rigid uranyl-2-((1Z,9Z)-9-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,5,6,8-tetrahydrobenzo[h][1,4,7,10] dioxadiaza-cyclododecin-2-yl)-5-methoxyphenol(Uranyl-HTDM) was designed, we used Uranyl-HTDM as a receptor to selectively coordinate with the guests of the chiral organophosphorus pesticide R/S-malathions(R/S-MLTs) to explore the receptor's enatioselectivity recognition of the chiral guests of R/S-MLTs. Density functional theory (DFT) method was used to comprehensively study the complexation mode of the receptor with enantiomers. The results showed that the U of Uranyl-HTDM could coordinate with both the thiophosphoryl sulfur and carbonyl oxygens of R/S-MLTs in different environments, respectively. The thermodynamics calculations further indicated that the receptor could selectively recognize the thiophosphoryl sulfur and carbonyl oxygen atoms of R/S-malathions, and the complexation abilities of Uranyl-HTDM to the R/S-malathions under different solvents were not the same. The smaller the polarity of solvents, the stronger the complexation ability of Uranyl-HTDM with R-malathion, toluene was an ideal solvent with large △G change and enatioselectivity coefficient of 99.55%. The study provides useful references for the design of new uranyl-salophens and for the experimental study on the molecular recognition of chiral organophosphorus pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Design and Application of Natural Actinide Complexes, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Design and Application of Natural Actinide Complexes, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Design and Application of Natural Actinide Complexes, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifu Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilin Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changming Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Design and Application of Natural Actinide Complexes, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
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5
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Yan Z, Liu J, Miao C, Su P, Zheng G, Cui B, Geng T, Fan J, Yu Z, Bu N, Yuan Y, Xia L. Pyrene-Based Fluorescent Porous Organic Polymers for Recognition and Detection of Pesticides. Molecules 2021; 27:126. [PMID: 35011357 PMCID: PMC8746865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating vegetables with pesticide residues over a long period of time causes serious adverse effects on the human body, such as acute poisoning, chronic poisoning, and endocrine system interference. To achieve the goal of a healthy society, it is an urgent issue to find a simple and effective method to detect organic pesticides. In this work, two fluorescent porous organic polymers, LNU-45 and LNU-47 (abbreviation for Liaoning University), were prepared using π-conjugated dibromopyrene monomer and boronic acid compounds as building units through a Suzuki coupling reaction. Due to the large π-electron delocalization effect, the resulting polymers revealed enhanced fluorescence performance. Significantly, in sharp contrast with the planar π-conjugated polymer framework (LNU-47), the distorted conjugated structure (LNU-45) shows a higher specific surface area and provides a broad interface for analyte interaction, which is helpful to achieve rapid response and detection sensitivity. LNU-45 exhibits strong fluorescence emission at 469 nm after excitation at 365 nm in THF solution, providing strong evidence for its suitability as a luminescent chemosensor for organic pesticides. The fluorescence quenching coefficients of LNU-45 for trifluralin and dicloran were 5710 and 12,000 (LNU-47 sample by ca. 1.98 and 3.38 times), respectively. Therefore, LNU-45 serves as an effective "real-time" sensor for the detection of trifluralin and dicloran with high sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Yan
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jinni Liu
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Congke Miao
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (C.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Pinjie Su
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (C.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Guiyue Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Bo Cui
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Tongfei Geng
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jiating Fan
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhiyi Yu
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Naishun Bu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (C.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Ye Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; (Z.Y.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (B.C.); (T.G.); (J.F.); (Z.Y.)
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China
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6
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Liu W, Liu G, Zhu M, Wu S, Yao W, Gao E. Synthesis of copper-based metal-organic framework for sensing nitroaromatic compounds. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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7
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Li B, Xing Y, Gao J, Yu Y, Xu H, Ma D. A multiple fluorescence sensor with the sensitive recognition to human serum albumin. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bailing Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin China
| | - Yue Xing
- Agricultural College Heilongjiang University Harbin China
| | - Jin‐Sheng Gao
- Agricultural College Heilongjiang University Harbin China
| | - Ying‐Hui Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin China
| | - Hong‐Liang Xu
- Agricultural College Heilongjiang University Harbin China
| | - Dongsheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin China
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8
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Tay HM, Kyratzis N, Thoonen S, Boer SA, Turner DR, Hua C. Synthetic strategies towards chiral coordination polymers. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Rosales-Vázquez LD, Dorazco-González A, Sánchez-Mendieta V. Efficient chemosensors for toxic pollutants based on photoluminescent Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) metal-organic networks. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4470-4485. [PMID: 33877166 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04403b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optical sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity, as important analytical tools for chemical and environmental research, can be realized by straightforward synthesis of luminescent one-, two- and three-dimensional Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) crystalline coordination arrays (CPs and MOFs). In these materials with emission centers typically based on charge transfer and intraligand emissions, the quantitative detection of specific analytes, as pesticides or anions, is probed by monitoring real-time changes in their photoluminescence and color emission properties. Pesticides/herbicides have extensive uses in agriculture and household applications. Also, a large amount of metal salts of cyanide is widely used in several industrial processes such as mining and plastic manufacturing. Acute or chronic exposure to these compounds can produce high levels of toxicity in humans, animals and plants. Due to environmental concerns associated with the accumulation of these noxious species in food products and water supplies, there is an urgent and growing need to develop direct, fast, accurate and low-cost sensing methodologies. In this critical frontier, we discuss the effective strategies, chemical stability, luminescence properties, sensitivity and selectivity of recently developed hybrid Zn(ii)/Cd(ii)-organic materials with analytical applications in the direct sensing of pesticides, herbicides and cyanide ions in the aqueous phase and organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Rosales-Vázquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico, 04510, Mexico.
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Zhang S. Anion-directed two cadmium(II) metal–organic frameworks based on bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane with diverse supramolecular structures and luminescence properties. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Chi J, Mu Y, Li Y, Shao P, Liu G, Cai B, Xu N, Chen Y. Polytorsional-amide/carboxylates-directed Cd( ii) coordination polymers exhibiting multi-functional sensing behaviors. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31756-31765. [PMID: 35496860 PMCID: PMC9041708 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
By rational assembly of polytorsional-amide [N,N′-bis(4-methylenepyridin-4-yl)-1,4-naphthalene dicarboxamide (L)] and polytorsional-carboxylates [H2ADI = adipic acid, H2PIM = pimelic acid, H2SUB = suberic acid], three new Cd-based coordination polymers (CPs) C30H30CdN4O7 (1), C31H32CdN4O7 (2) and C31.03H30.55CdCl0.24N4O5.52 (3) were successfully synthesized. CPs 1–2 and 3 are 2D networks and a 3D framework, which all display 3,5-connected topologies with different structural details. The effects of carboxylates with different carbon chains on the structure of the complexes were studied. Fluorescence experiments show that CPs 1–3 have good multi-functional sensing ability for metal cations (Fe3+), anions (MnO4−, CrO42−, Cr2O72−) and organochlorine pesticides (2,6-dichloro-4-nitroamine) with good anti-interference and recyclable characteristics. The possible sensing mechanism is also investigated in detail. Three (3,5)-connected Cd(ii) coordination polymers induced by polytorsional-amide/carboxylates exhibiting controllable multifunctional fluorescent sensing activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Mu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guocheng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineerng, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, P. R. China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, 030619, P. R. China
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Kataeva O, Metlushka K, Ivshin K, Yamaleeva Z, Zinnatullin R, Nikitina K, Badeeva E, Khrizanforova V, Budnikova Y, Naumann M, Wellm C, Alfonsov A, Kataev V, Büchner B, Knupfer M. Supramolecular chirality in the crystals of mononuclear and polymeric cobalt( ii) complexes with enantiopure and racemic N-thiophosphorylated thioureas. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The control of stereochemistry in Co(ii) complexes was provided by additional pyridine and pyrazine ligands. 1D and 2D supramolecular homochiral arrangements in racemic crystals of mononuclear complexes are transferred to their polymeric counterparts.
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13
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Yuan R, He H. State of the art methods and challenges of luminescent metal–organic frameworks for antibiotic detection. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments in the design and synthesis of luminescence MOFs for monitoring antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin Jianzhu University
- Changchun 130118
- P. R. China
| | - Hongming He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- P. R. China
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