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Badparvar F, Marjani AP, Salehi R, Ramezani F. pH/redox responsive size-switchable intelligent nanovehicle for tumor microenvironment targeted DOX release. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22475. [PMID: 38110480 PMCID: PMC10728153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) targeted strategy could control the drug release in tumor cells more accurately and creates a new opportunity for enhanced site-specific targeted delivery. In this study, (PAA-b-PCL-S-S-PCL-b-PAA) copolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with size-switchable ability and dual pH/redox-triggered drug release behavior were designed to significantly promote cancer uptake (cell internalization of around 100% at 30 min) and site-specific targeted doxorubicin (DOX) delivery in MDA-MB-231 tumor cells. NPs surface charge was shifted from - 17.8 to - 2.4 and their size shrunk from 170.3 to 93 nm in TME. The cell cycle results showed that DOX-loaded NPs showed G2/M (68%) arrest, while free DOX showed sub-G1 arrest (22%). Apoptosis tests confirmed that the cells treated with DOX-loaded NPs showed a higher amount of apoptosis (71.6%) than the free DOX (49.8%). Western blot and RT-PCR assays revealed that the apoptotic genes and protein levels were significantly upregulated using the DOX-loaded NPs vs. the free DOX (Pvalue < 0.001). In conclusion, dual pH/redox-responsive and size-switchable DOX-loaded NPs developed here showed outstanding anti-tumoral features compared with free DOX that might present a prospective platform for tumor site-specific accumulation and drug release that suggest further in vivo research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Badparvar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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2
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Liu G, Jiao H, Wang K, Chang P, Jiao Y. Synthesis and evaluation of folate-mediated targeting and poly (β-amino ester)-mediated pH-responsive delivery system of riccardin D based on the O-carboxymethylated chitosan micelles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125742. [PMID: 37437681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to combine the active targeting function of folate (FA) receptor-mediated endocytosis with the pH-responsive drug delivery of poly (ethylene glycol)-grafted-poly (-amino ester) copolymers (PEG-PAE) in cancer targeting therapy. Herein, O-carboxymethylated chitosan (OCMC) was grafted with hydrophobic deoxycholic acid (DOCA). Further, PEG-PAE and FA-conjugated DOCA modified OCMC were synthesized to develop the potential cancer-targeted carrier (PEG-PAE-DOMC-FA), for which the structure was investigated by 1H NMR and FTIR. Then riccardin D (RD) was successfully loaded for tumor-targeted drug delivery. The particle size, zeta potential, encapsulating efficiencies, and loading content profiles of PEG-PAE-DOMC-FA/RD showed a strong dependence on the environmental pH values. The cumulative release of PEG-PAE-DOMC-FA/RD at pH 5.0 (90.63 %) was higher than pH 7.4 (51.12 %), which also indicated the pH sensitivity. Moreover, a lower IC50 and higher coumarin-6 uptake were found because of the folate-receptor-mediated endocytosis. In pharmacokinetic study, PEG-PAE-DOMC-FA/RD significantly improved the mean retention time (MRT) and AUC(0-∞) from 7.89 h and 36.1 mg/L·h of control group to 10.03 h and 123.8 mg/L·h. In the xenograft mice model, stronger antitumor efficacy and lower toxicity were confirmed. In conclusion, the multi-functional micelles could be considered as a promising vehicle for delivering hydrophobic drugs to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Hui Jiao
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kaiming Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ping Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Yang Jiao
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250012, China.
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Rafatpanah H, Golizadeh M, Mahdifar M, Mahdavi S, Iranshahi M, Rassouli FB. Conferone, a coumarin from Ferula flabelliloba, induced toxic effects on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231197592. [PMID: 37688389 PMCID: PMC10493046 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231197592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a lymphoid malignancy caused by HTLV-1 infection, with distinct geographical distribution. Despite advances in cancer treatment, the average survival rate of ATL is low. Conferone is a natural coumarin extracted from Ferula species with a wide range of pharmaceutical effects. In search for a novel chemotherapeutic agent, we investigated the cytotoxicity of conferone on ATL cells. METHODS To obtain conferone, the methanolic extract of the roots of F. flabelliloba was subjected to silica gel column chromatography, followed by 1H- and 13C-NMR to confirm its structure. For cytotoxicity assay, MT-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of conferone (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 µM) for 24, 48, and 72 h, and viability was evaluated by a colorimetric assay using alamarBlue. Cell cycle was analyzed by PI staining and flow cytometry, and qPCR was used to study the expression of candidate genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Obtained findings indicated that conferone induced considerable cytotoxic effects on MT-2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle was detected upon conferone administration. Moreover, conferone reduced the expression of CDK6, c-MYC, CFLIPL, and NF-κB (Rel-A) in MT-2 cells. Accordingly, conferone could be considered as a potent agent against ATL, although complementary investigations are required to define more precisely its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Golizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahdifar
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shakiba Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh B Rassouli
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Junnuthula V, Kolimi P, Nyavanandi D, Sampathi S, Vora LK, Dyawanapelly S. Polymeric Micelles for Breast Cancer Therapy: Recent Updates, Clinical Translation and Regulatory Considerations. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1860. [PMID: 36145608 PMCID: PMC9501124 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing burden of cancer, parallel advancements in anticancer nanotechnological solutions have been witnessed. Among the different types of cancers, breast cancer accounts for approximately 25% and leads to 15% of deaths. Nanomedicine and its allied fields of material science have revolutionized the science of medicine in the 21st century. Novel treatments have paved the way for improved drug delivery systems that have better efficacy and reduced adverse effects. A variety of nanoformulations using lipids, polymers, inorganic, and peptide-based nanomedicines with various functionalities are being synthesized. Thus, elaborate knowledge of these intelligent nanomedicines for highly promising drug delivery systems is of prime importance. Polymeric micelles (PMs) are generally easy to prepare with good solubilization properties; hence, they appear to be an attractive alternative over the other nanosystems. Although an overall perspective of PM systems has been presented in recent reviews, a brief discussion has been provided on PMs for breast cancer. This review provides a discussion of the state-of-the-art PMs together with the most recent advances in this field. Furthermore, special emphasis is placed on regulatory guidelines, clinical translation potential, and future aspects of the use of PMs in breast cancer treatment. The recent developments in micelle formulations look promising, with regulatory guidelines that are now more clearly defined; hence, we anticipate early clinical translation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen Kolimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Pharmaceutical Development Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Sunitha Sampathi
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 502329, India
| | | | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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Das M, Joshi A, Devkar R, Seshadri S, Thakore S. Vitamin-H Channeled Self-Therapeutic P-gp Inhibitor Curcumin-Derived Nanomicelles for Targeting the Tumor Milieu by pH- and Enzyme-Triggered Hierarchical Disassembly. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:369-385. [PMID: 35015523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An effective nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery to cancer cells primarily faces limitations like the presence of successive drug delivery barriers, insufficient circulation time, drug leakage, and decreased tumor penetration capacity. With the aim of addressing this paradox, a self-therapeutic, curcumin-derived copolymer was synthesized by conjugation with PEGylated biotin via enzyme- and acid-labile ester and acetal linkages. This copolymer is a prodrug of curcumin and self-assembles into ∼150-200 nm-sized nanomicelles; it is capable of encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) and hence can be designated as self-therapeutic. pH- and enzyme-responsive linkages in the polymer skeleton assist in its hierarchical disassembly only in the tumor microenvironment. Further, the conjugation of biotin and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) imparts features of tumor specificity and improved circulation times to the nanocarrier. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis supports this claim and demonstrates rapid swelling and disruption of micelles under acidic pH. UV-vis spectroscopy provided evidence of an accelerated acetal degradation at pH 4.0 and 5.0. The in vitro release studies revealed a controlled release of DOX under acidic conditions and curcumin release in response to the enzyme. The value of the combination index calculated on HepG2 cells was found to be <1, and hence, the drug pair curcumin and DOX acts synergistically for tumor regression. To prove the efficiency of acid-labile linkages and the prodrug strategy for effective cancer therapy, curcumin-derived polymers devoid of sensitive linkages were also prepared. The prodrug stimuli-responsive nanomicelles showed enhanced cell cytotoxicity and tumor penetration capability on HepG2 cells as well as drug-resistant MCF-7 cell lines and no effect on normal NIH/3T3 fibroblasts as compared to the nonresponsive micelles. The results were also supported by in vivo evidence on a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-induced nude mice model. An evident decrease in MMP-2, MMP-9, and α-fetoprotein (AFP), the biomarkers specific to tumor progression, was observed along with metastasis upon treatment with the drug-loaded dual-responsive nanomicelles. These observations corroborated with the SGOT and SGPT data as well as the histoarchitecture of the liver tissue in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manita Das
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India
| | - Apeksha Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India
| | - Ranjitsinh Devkar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India
| | - Sriram Seshadri
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
| | - Sonal Thakore
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India
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Rahmani A, Rahimi F, Iranshahi M, Kahroba H, Zarebkohan A, Talebi M, Salehi R, Mousavi HZ. Co-delivery of doxorubicin and conferone by novel pH-responsive β-cyclodextrin grafted micelles triggers apoptosis of metastatic human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21425. [PMID: 34728703 PMCID: PMC8563731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant-aided combination chemotherapy is one of the most effective ways of cancer treatment by overcoming the multidrug resistance (MDR) and reducing the side-effects of anticancer drugs. In this study, Conferone (Conf) was used as an adjuvant in combination with Doxorubicin (Dox) for inducing apoptosis to MDA-MB-231 cells. Herein, the novel biodegradable amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin grafted poly maleate-co-PLGA was synthesized by thiol-ene addition and ring-opening process. Micelles obtained from the novel copolymer showed exceptional properties such as small size of around 34.5 nm, CMC of 0.1 μg/mL, and cell internalization of around 100% at 30 min. These novel engineered micelles were used for combination delivery of doxorubicin-conferone with high encapsulation efficiency of near 100% for both drugs. Our results show that combination delivery of Dox and Conf to MDA-MB-231 cells had synergistic effects (CI < 1). According to cell cycle and Annexin-V apoptosis analysis, Dox-Conf loaded micelle significantly induce tumor cell apoptosis (more than 98% of cells population showed apoptosis at IC50 = 0.259 μg/mL). RT-PCR and western-blot tests show that Dox-Conf loaded βCD-g-PMA-co-PLGA micelle induced apoptosis via intrinsic pathway. Therefore, the unique design of multi-functional pH-sensitive micelles open a new perspective for the development of nanomedicine for combination chemo-adjuvant therapy against malignant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Rahmani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Rahimi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Department of Applied Cell Science, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hassan Zavvar Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 41335-1914, Rasht, Iran.
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Khalili L, Dehghan G, Hosseinpour Feizi MA, Sheibani N, Hamishekar H. Development of an albumin decorated lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle for simultaneous delivery of methotrexate and conferone to cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120421. [PMID: 33676992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to simultaneous target of methotrexate (MTX), as folate antagonist, and conferone (CON) in various cancer cells, the newly lipid/polymer hybrid nanoparticle containing an albumin targeted succinylchitosan shell and lipoid bilayer core composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol was synthesized. The covalently conjugating albumin to the external surface of chitosan was accomplished using N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and N- hydroxyl succinimide as an activating carboxylic group, and nanoliposomes were fabricated via thin film hydration-sonication method. The molecular structure of MTX@CON-targeted lipid/polymer hybrid nanoparticle (MTX@CON-TLPN) were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The newly nanoparticle with high encapsulation efficiency (85.12%, and 78.4%), acceptable loading capacity (9.8% and 4.6% for MTX and CON) and the stimuli responsiveness drug release behavior in simulated physiologic tumor tissue condition (pH 5.4, 40 °C) was successfully synthetized in the spherical shape with mean average size of approximately 290 nm and ζ-potential of +21 mv. The enhanced efficiency of the targeted nanoparticle was further confirmed using MTT endpoints, cell cycle modulation, apoptosis assessment, and cellular internalization assessments. Collectively, these findings establish the utility of our newly prepared nanoparticle for simultaneous delivery of multiple anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khalili
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Dehghan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Nader Sheibani
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hamed Hamishekar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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Astani S, Salehi R, Massoumi B, Massoudi A. Co-delivery of cisplatin and doxorubicin by carboxylic acid functionalized poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/reduced graphene nanocomposite for combination chemotherapy of breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 32:657-677. [PMID: 33347395 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1855393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study a novel pH-responsive magnetic nanocomposite based on reduced graphene oxide was developed for combination of doxorubicin (Dox)-cisplatin (Cis) delivery to destroy the MCF-7 cell line. For this purpose, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) was bonded to the reduced graphene oxide through ATRP polymerization using grafting from method. Then the PHEMA hydroxy groups were converted to succinyloxy groups by polyesterification with succinic anhydride. The physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite were investigated via FTIR, SEM, XRD, DLS and TGA analysis. Unique structure of nanocomposite led to simultaneous encapsulation of Dox (75%) and Cis (82%) through ionic interaction, π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding. The obtained nanocomposite was uptake by MCF-7 cells at early first hour because of nanocomposite small size (below 70 nm). Cell viability assay results revealed that the Dox&Cis-loaded nanocomposite showed the highest rate of MCF-7 cells at lowest concentration (IC50 = 0.798 µg/mL) compared to treatment groups received single drug-loaded nanocomposite and free drugs. Dox&Cis-loaded nanocomposite exhibited a synergistic influence with the combination index (CI) value <1. The cell cycle analysis results revealed that the highest amount of apoptosis (cells population in sub G1 was 75%) was observed in the Dox&Cis-loaded nanocomposite treatment group compared with the single drug-loaded nanocomposite and free drugs. Our findings confirmed that combinational therapy by Dox and Cis graphene oxide-based nanocomposite has increased the cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells by stimulating the apoptotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Astani
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Centre and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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