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Chen J, Luo Y. Disodium Cromoglycate Templates Anisotropic Short-Chain PEG Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:33223-33234. [PMID: 38885610 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Anisotropic hydrogels have found widespread applications in biomedical engineering, particularly as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, it remains a challenge to produce them using conventional fabrication methods, without specialized synthesis or equipment, such as 3D printing and unidirectional stretching. In this study, we explore the self-assembly behaviors of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), using disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal, as a removable template. The affinity between short-chain PEGDA (Mn = 250) and DSCG allows polymerization to take place at the DSCG surface, thereby forming anisotropic hydrogel networks with fibrin-like morphologies. This process requires considerable finesse as the phase behaviors of DSCG depend on a multitude of factors, including the weight percentage of PEGDA and DSCG, the chain length of PEGDA, and the concentration of ionic species. The key to modulating the microstructures of the all-PEG hydrogel networks is through precise control of the DSCG concentration, resulting in anisotropic mechanical properties. Using these anisotropic hydrogel networks, we demonstrate that human dermal fibroblasts are particularly sensitive to the alignment order. We find that cells exhibit a density-dependent activation pattern of a Yes-associated protein, a mechanotransducer, corroborating its role in enabling cells to translate external mechanical and morphological patterns to specific behaviors. The flexibility of modulating microstructure, along with PEG hydrogels' biocompatibility and biodegradability, underscores their potential use for tissue engineering to create functional structures with physiological morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Yimin Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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2
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Kosik-Kozioł A, Nakielski P, Rybak D, Frączek W, Rinoldi C, Lanzi M, Grodzik M, Pierini F. Adhesive Antibacterial Moisturizing Nanostructured Skin Patch for Sustainable Development of Atopic Dermatitis Treatment in Humans. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32128-32146. [PMID: 38872576 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology that lacks effective treatment. The therapeutic goals include alleviating symptoms, such as moisturizing and applying antibacterial and anti-inflammatory medications. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop a patch that effectively alleviates most of the AD symptoms. In this study, we employed a "green" cross-linking approach of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) using glycerol, and we combined it with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to fabricate core-shell (CS) nanofibers through electrospinning. Our designed structure offers multiple benefits as the core ensures controlled drug release and increases the strength of the patch, while the shell provides skin moisturization and exudate absorption. The efficient PVA cross-linking method facilitates the inclusion of sensitive molecules such as fermented oils. In vitro studies demonstrate the patches' exceptional biocompatibility and efficacy in minimizing cell ingrowth into the CS structure containing argan oil, a property highly desirable for easy removal of the patch. Histological examinations conducted on an ex vivo model showed the nonirritant properties of developed patches. Furthermore, the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria confirms the potential use of CS nanofibers loaded with argan oil or norfloxacin, separately, as an antibacterial patch for infected AD wounds. In vivo patch application studies on patients, including one with AD, demonstrated ideal patches' moisturizing effect. This innovative approach shows significant promise in enhancing life quality for AD sufferers by improving skin hydration and avoiding infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kosik-Kozioł
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Paweł Nakielski
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Daniel Rybak
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Frączek
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw 02-777, Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw 02-777, Poland
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
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3
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Grumi M, Prieto C, Furtado RF, Cheng HN, Biswas A, Limbo S, Cabedo L, Lagaron JM. On the Unique Morphology and Elastic Properties of Multi-Jet Electrospun Cashew Gum-Based Fiber Mats. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1355. [PMID: 38794549 PMCID: PMC11125206 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the unique morphology and mechanical properties of multi-jet electrospun cashew gum (CG) when combined with high-molecular-weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) and glycerol. Cashew gum (CG) is a low-cost, non-toxic heteropolysaccharide derived from Anacardium occidentale trees. Initially, the electrospinnability of aqueous solutions of cashew gum alone or in combination with PEO was evaluated. It was found that cashew gum alone was not suitable for electrospinning; thus, adding a small quantity of PEO was needed to create the necessary molecular entanglements for fiber formation. By using a single emitter with a CG:PEO ratio of 85:15, straight and smooth fibers with some defects were obtained. However, additional purification of the cashew gum solution was needed to produce more stable and defect-free straight and smooth fibers. Additionally, the inclusion of glycerol as a plasticizer was required to overcome material fragility. Interestingly, when the optimized formulation was electrospun using multiple simultaneous emitters, thicker aligned fiber bundles were achieved. Furthermore, the resulting oriented fiber mats exhibited unexpectedly high elongation at break under ambient conditions. These findings underscore the potential of this bio-polysaccharide-based formulation for non-direct water contact applications that demand elastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Grumi
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
| | - Roselayne F. Furtado
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, Fortaleza 60511-110, Brazil;
| | - Huai N. Cheng
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;
| | - Atanu Biswas
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA;
| | - Sara Limbo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), 12006 Castellon, Spain;
| | - Jose M. Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
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4
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Naeem A, Yu C, Zhu W, Chen X, Wu X, Chen L, Zang Z, Guan Y. Gallic Acid-Loaded Sodium Alginate-Based (Polyvinyl Alcohol-Co-Acrylic Acid) Hydrogel Membranes for Cutaneous Wound Healing: Synthesis and Characterization. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238397. [PMID: 36500491 PMCID: PMC9736476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional wound dressings often cannot treat wounds caused by bacterial infections or other wound types that are insensitive to these wound treatments. Therefore, a biodegradable, bioactive hydrogel wound dressing could be an effective alternative option. The purpose of this study was to develop a hydrogel membrane comprised of sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic acid, and gallic acid for treating skin wounds. The newly developed membranes were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), sol-gel fraction, porosity, mechanical strength, swelling, drug release and data modelling, polymeric network parameters, biodegradation, and antioxidation (DPPH and ABTS) and antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The results revealed that hydrogel membranes were crosslinked successfully and had excellent thermal stability, high drug loading, greater mechanical strength, and exhibited excellent biodegradation. Additionally, the swelling ability and the porosity of the surface facilitated a controlled release of the encapsulated drug (gallic acid), with 70.34% release observed at pH 1.2, 70.10% at pH 5.5 (normal skin pH), and 86.24% at pH 7.4 (wounds pH) in 48 h. The gallic acid-loaded hydrogel membranes showed a greater area of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli bacteria as well as demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties. Based on Franz cell analyses, the permeation flux of the drug from optimized formulations through mice skin was 92 (pH 5.5) and 110 (pH 7.4) μg/cm2·h-1. Moreover, hydrogel membranes retained significant amounts of drug in the skin for 24 h, such as 2371 (pH 5.5) and 3300 µg/cm2 (pH 7.4). Acute dermal irritation tests in rats showed that hydrogel membranes were nonirritating. Hydrogel membranes containing gallic acid could be an effective option for improving wound healing and could result in faster wound healing.
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Asano N, Sugihara S, Suye SI, Fujita S. Electrospun Porous Nanofibers with Imprinted Patterns Induced by Phase Separation of Immiscible Polymer Blends. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19997-20005. [PMID: 35721947 PMCID: PMC9202247 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibrous nonwoven fabrics have attracted attention as porous adsorbents with high specific surface areas for the safe and efficient treatment of spilled organic dyes and petroleum. For this purpose, a method of fabricating porous nanofibers with high specific surface areas would be highly beneficial. In this study, the phase separation in nanofibers electrospun from blended solutions of immiscible polymers [poly(styrene) (PS) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)] was investigated. The removal of PVP as a sacrificial polymer afforded the imprinting of mesopores (40-70 nm) in the PS nanofibers. The effects of solution composition (PS/PVP in N,N-dimethylformamide) on the structure formation in the fibers were investigated. The nanofibers thus obtained could selectively adsorb low-molecular-weight hydrophobic dyes, such as Nile Red and Oil Red O. Thus, it is expected that the combined approach of electrospinning of immiscible polymer blends and phase separation-induced patterning can be applied to the fabrication of functional nanofibers for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narumi Asano
- Department
of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shinji Sugihara
- Life
Science Innovation Center, University of
Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Suye
- Department
of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
- Life
Science Innovation Center, University of
Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department
of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
- Life
Science Innovation Center, University of
Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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6
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Nagakawa Y, Fujita S, Yunoki S, Tsuchiya T, Suye SI, Kinoshita K, Sasaki M, Itoi T. Characterization and preliminary in vivo evaluation of a self-expandable hydrogel stent with anisotropic swelling behavior and endoscopic deliverability for use in biliary drainage. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4375-4385. [PMID: 35274668 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of a novel self-expandable biliary stent comprised of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel with anisotropic swelling behavior and endoscopic deliverability in vivo, using a porcine stent model. The mechanism underlying the anisotropic swelling behavior and endoscopic deliverability (i.e., flexibility) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), evaluation of the water content and swelling ratio, and three-point bending tests. The in vivo experiment using a porcine stent model indicated that the tube-shaped PVA hydrogel could effectively expand the biliary tract, without disturbing bile flow. SEM and SAXS showed that PVA hydrogels prepared by drying under extension showed structural orientation along the extension axis, leading to anisotropic swelling. The water content of the PVA hydrogel was found to be crucial for maintaining flexibility as well as endoscopic deliverability. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the novel concept of using a hydrogel stent as a self-expandable biliary stent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Nagakawa
- Biotechnology Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, 2-4-10, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan. .,Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan. .,Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shunji Yunoki
- Biotechnology Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, 2-4-10, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Suye
- Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan. .,Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Kenji Kinoshita
- Industrial Analysis and Inspection Technology Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, 2-4-10, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Motoki Sasaki
- Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Li P, Liu Y, Wang Z, Xiao X, Meng G, Wang X, Guo HL, Guo H. Dry-regulated hydrogels with anisotropic mechanical performance and ionic conductivity. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Wang R, Jovanska L, Tsai Y, Yeh Y, Yeh Y. Fabrication of water‐resistant, thermally stable, and antibacterial fibers through in situ multivalent crosslinking. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Lavernchy Jovanska
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Indonesia
| | - Yu‐Ting Tsai
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Yu Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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Waresindo WX, Luthfianti HR, Edikresnha D, Suciati T, Noor FA, Khairurrijal K. A freeze-thaw PVA hydrogel loaded with guava leaf extract: physical and antibacterial properties. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30156-30171. [PMID: 35480264 PMCID: PMC9040922 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel loaded with guava leaf extract (GLE) has potential applications as a wound dressing with good antibacterial activity. This study succeeded in fabricating a PVA hydrogel containing GLE using the freeze–thaw (FT) method. By varying the GLE concentration, we can adjust the physical properties of the hydrogel. The addition of GLE results in a decrease in cross-linking during gelation and an increase in the pore size of the hydrogels. The increase of the pore size made the swelling increase and the mechanical strength decrease. The weight loss of the hydrogel also increases because the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) dissolves the GLE. Increasing the GLE concentration caused the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) absorbance peaks to widen due to hydrogen bonds formed during the FT process. The crystalline phase was transformed into an amorphous phase in the PVA/GLE hydrogel based on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterization showed a significant decrease in the hydrogel weight over temperatures of 30–150 °C due to the evaporation of water from the hydrogel matrix. The zone of inhibition of the PVA/GLE hydrogel increased with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of 17.93% per gram and 15.79% per gram against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel loaded with guava leaf extract (GLE) has potential applications as a wound dressing with good antibacterial activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- William Xaveriano Waresindo
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia .,University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Halida Rahmi Luthfianti
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia .,University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Dhewa Edikresnha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia .,University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Tri Suciati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Fatimah Arofiati Noor
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia .,University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
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Cui L, Yao Y, Yim EKF. The effects of surface topography modification on hydrogel properties. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:031509. [PMID: 34368603 PMCID: PMC8318605 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel has been an attractive biomaterial for tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and contact lens materials, due to its outstanding properties, including high water content, transparency, biocompatibility, tissue mechanical matching, and low toxicity. As hydrogel commonly possesses high surface hydrophilicity, chemical modifications have been applied to achieve the optimal surface properties to improve the performance of hydrogels for specific applications. Ideally, the effects of surface modifications would be stable, and the modification would not affect the inherent hydrogel properties. In recent years, a new type of surface modification has been discovered to be able to alter hydrogel properties by physically patterning the hydrogel surfaces with topographies. Such physical patterning methods can also affect hydrogel surface chemical properties, such as protein adsorption, microbial adhesion, and cell response. This review will first summarize the works on developing hydrogel surface patterning methods. The influence of surface topography on interfacial energy and the subsequent effects on protein adsorption, microbial, and cell interactions with patterned hydrogel, with specific examples in biomedical applications, will be discussed. Finally, current problems and future challenges on topographical modification of hydrogels will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Effect of hydrogen–deuterium exchange in amide linkages on properties of electrospun polyamide nanofibers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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