1
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Li S, Chen H. Solvent effect in H-BEA catalyzed cyclohexanol dehydration reaction. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:231101. [PMID: 38884394 DOI: 10.1063/5.0211554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The solvent effect on H-BEA catalyzed cyclohexanol dehydration was investigated in water, dioxane, and cyclohexanol. The dynamic evolution of the Brønsted acid site of zeolite and its interaction with reactant molecules in different solvents were explored with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, providing reliable configuration sampling to obtain configurations at equilibrium. Solvent profoundly changes the adsorption as well as the dehydration reaction of cyclohexanol in H-BEA, where the reaction is determined to follow the E2 mechanism in water and dioxane but the E1 mechanism in cyclohexanol untill saturation uptake. Near saturation uptake, all three solvents significantly reduce the cyclohexanol dehydration rates in H-BEA. Cyclohexanol loading also dramatically affects the kinetics of the dehydration reaction, displaying an overall decreasing trend with a local minimum present at intermediate loading of 6 molecules per unit cell, which is a result of the entropic effect associated with greater freedom of motion of the transition state. Rigorous quantification of enthalpy and entropy contributions to cyclohexanol adsorption and activation shed light on the solvent effect of zeolite-catalyzed alcohol dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515021, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515021, China
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2
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Erlebach A, Šípka M, Saha I, Nachtigall P, Heard CJ, Grajciar L. A reactive neural network framework for water-loaded acidic zeolites. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4215. [PMID: 38760371 PMCID: PMC11101627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Under operating conditions, the dynamics of water and ions confined within protonic aluminosilicate zeolite micropores are responsible for many of their properties, including hydrothermal stability, acidity and catalytic activity. However, due to high computational cost, operando studies of acidic zeolites are currently rare and limited to specific cases and simplified models. In this work, we have developed a reactive neural network potential (NNP) attempting to cover the entire class of acidic zeolites, including the full range of experimentally relevant water concentrations and Si/Al ratios. This NNP has the potential to dramatically improve sampling, retaining the (meta)GGA DFT level accuracy, with the capacity for discovery of new chemistry, such as collective defect formation mechanisms at the zeolite surface. Furthermore, we exemplify how the NNP can be used as a basis for further extensions/improvements which include data-efficient adoption of higher-level (hybrid) references via Δ-learning and the acceleration of rare event sampling via automatic construction of collective variables. These developments represent a significant step towards accurate simulations of realistic catalysts under operando conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Erlebach
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Šípka
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Mathematical Institute, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Sokolovská 83, 186 75, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Indranil Saha
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigall
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Christopher J Heard
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Grajciar
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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3
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Liu Q, van Bokhoven JA. Water structures on acidic zeolites and their roles in catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3065-3095. [PMID: 38369933 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00404j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The local reaction environment of catalytic active sites can be manipulated to modify the kinetics and thermodynamic properties of heterogeneous catalysis. Because of the unique physical-chemical nature of water, heterogeneously catalyzed reactions involving specific interactions between water molecules and active sites on catalysts exhibit distinct outcomes that are different from those performed in the absence of water. Zeolitic materials are being applied with the presence of water for heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the chemical industry and our transition to sustainable energy. Mechanistic investigation and in-depth understanding about the behaviors and the roles of water are essentially required for zeolite chemistry and catalysis. In this review, we focus on the discussions of the nature and structures of water adsorbed/stabilized on Brønsted and Lewis acidic zeolites based on experimental observations as well as theoretical calculation results. The unveiled functions of water structures in determining the catalytic efficacy of zeolite-catalyzed reactions have been overviewed and the strategies frequently developed for enhancing the stabilization of zeolite catalysts are highlighted. Recent advancement will contribute to the development of innovative catalytic reactions and the rationalization of catalytic performances in terms of activity, selectivity and stability with the presence of water vapor or in condensed aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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4
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Firuznia R, Jahanbakhsh A, Nazifi S, Ghasemi H. Hydrogen Solubility in Confined Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4702-4708. [PMID: 38377595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Confined water has demonstrated distinct structural and dynamic properties compared to bulk water. Although many studies have explored the water structure within simple geometries using materials such as carbon and silica, studies on gas solubility in confined water and the underlying physics of water structure-solubility remain limited. Recent research has illuminated the concept of "oversolubility", wherein gases display increased solubility within liquids confined in small pores compared to their bulk form. This study focuses on zeolites, naturally abundant materials with versatile applications, to study the hydrogen solubility within confined water through careful experimentation. Our findings underscore the relationship between the pore dimension and gas solubility enhancement within confined water. Hydrogen solubility is closely associated with the rearrangement of water molecules within the porous framework of the zeolite. Our research shows that a 2 nm pore size results in the greatest increase in hydrogen solubility in the water trapped inside the zeolite framework. The double donor-double acceptor (DDAA) bonds play a critical role in hydrogen solubility. Our research provides fundamental insight into the role of the molecular bonding type on hydrogen solubility in water, paving the way for potential applications in hydrogen storage and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojan Firuznia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Amirmohammad Jahanbakhsh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Sina Nazifi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Hadi Ghasemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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5
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Milovanović MR, Zarić SD. New Aspects of Alcohol-Alcohol and Alcohol-Water Interactions: Crystallographic and Quantum Chemical Studies of Antiparallel O-H/O-H Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1294-1304. [PMID: 38284997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
New modes of interaction, antiparallel O-H/O-H interactions of alcohol-alcohol dimers and alcohol-water dimers, were studied by analyzing data in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and by calculating potential energy surfaces at a very accurate quantum chemical CCSD(T)/CBS level. The data reveal the existence of antiparallel interactions in crystal structures and significant interaction energies. Data from the CSD for alcohol-alcohol dimers show 49.2% of contacts with classical hydrogen bonds and 10.1% of contacts with antiparallel interactions, while for alcohol-water dimers, 59.4% of contacts are classical hydrogen bonds and only 0.6% of contacts are antiparallel interactions. The calculations were performed on methanol, ethanol, and n-propanol dimers. Classical hydrogen-bonded alcohol-alcohol and alcohol-water dimers have interaction energies of up to -6.2 kcal/mol and up to -5.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Antiparallel interactions in alcohol-alcohol and alcohol-water dimers have interaction energies of up to -4.7 kcal/mol and up to -4.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory analysis for antiparallel interactions shows their electrostatic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan R Milovanović
- Innovative Centre of the Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Snežana D Zarić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
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6
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Van Speybroeck V, Bocus M, Cnudde P, Vanduyfhuys L. Operando Modeling of Zeolite-Catalyzed Reactions Using First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS Catal 2023; 13:11455-11493. [PMID: 37671178 PMCID: PMC10476167 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Within this Perspective, we critically reflect on the role of first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in unraveling the catalytic function within zeolites under operating conditions. First-principles MD simulations refer to methods where the dynamics of the nuclei is followed in time by integrating the Newtonian equations of motion on a potential energy surface that is determined by solving the quantum-mechanical many-body problem for the electrons. Catalytic solids used in industrial applications show an intriguing high degree of complexity, with phenomena taking place at a broad range of length and time scales. Additionally, the state and function of a catalyst critically depend on the operating conditions, such as temperature, moisture, presence of water, etc. Herein we show by means of a series of exemplary cases how first-principles MD simulations are instrumental to unravel the catalyst complexity at the molecular scale. Examples show how the nature of reactive species at higher catalytic temperatures may drastically change compared to species at lower temperatures and how the nature of active sites may dynamically change upon exposure to water. To simulate rare events, first-principles MD simulations need to be used in combination with enhanced sampling techniques to efficiently sample low-probability regions of phase space. Using these techniques, it is shown how competitive pathways at operating conditions can be discovered and how broad transition state regions can be explored. Interestingly, such simulations can also be used to study hindered diffusion under operating conditions. The cases shown clearly illustrate how first-principles MD simulations reveal insights into the catalytic function at operating conditions, which could not be discovered using static or local approaches where only a few points are considered on the potential energy surface (PES). Despite these advantages, some major hurdles still exist to fully integrate first-principles MD methods in a standard computational catalytic workflow or to use the output of MD simulations as input for multiple length/time scale methods that aim to bridge to the reactor scale. First of all, methods are needed that allow us to evaluate the interatomic forces with quantum-mechanical accuracy, albeit at a much lower computational cost compared to currently used density functional theory (DFT) methods. The use of DFT limits the currently attainable length/time scales to hundreds of picoseconds and a few nanometers, which are much smaller than realistic catalyst particle dimensions and time scales encountered in the catalysis process. One solution could be to construct machine learning potentials (MLPs), where a numerical potential is derived from underlying quantum-mechanical data, which could be used in subsequent MD simulations. As such, much longer length and time scales could be reached; however, quite some research is still necessary to construct MLPs for the complex systems encountered in industrially used catalysts. Second, most currently used enhanced sampling techniques in catalysis make use of collective variables (CVs), which are mostly determined based on chemical intuition. To explore complex reactive networks with MD simulations, methods are needed that allow the automatic discovery of CVs or methods that do not rely on a priori definition of CVs. Recently, various data-driven methods have been proposed, which could be explored for complex catalytic systems. Lastly, first-principles MD methods are currently mostly used to investigate local reactive events. We hope that with the rise of data-driven methods and more efficient methods to describe the PES, first-principles MD methods will in the future also be able to describe longer length/time scale processes in catalysis. This might lead to a consistent dynamic description of all steps-diffusion, adsorption, and reaction-as they take place at the catalyst particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Bocus
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Louis Vanduyfhuys
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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7
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Nandy L, Fenton JL, Freedman MA. Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation in Model Crystalline Porous Organic Polymers: Influence of Pore Size on Immersion Freezing. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37470779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous ice nucleation activity is affected by aerosol particle composition, crystallinity, pore size, and surface area. However, these surface properties are not well understood, regarding how they act to promote ice nucleation and growth to form ice clouds. Therefore, synthesized materials for which surface properties can be tuned were examined in immersion freezing mode in this study. To establish the relationship between particle surface properties and efficiency of ice nucleation, materials, here, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), with different pore diameters and degrees of crystallinity (ordering), were characterized. Results showed that out of all the highly crystalline COFs, the sample with a pore diameter between 2 and 3 nm exhibited the most efficient ice nucleation activity. We posit that the highly crystalline structures with ordered pores have an optimal pore diameter where the ice nucleation activity is maximized and that the not highly crystalline structures with nonordered pores have more sites for ice nucleation. The results were compared and discussed in the context of other synthesized porous particle systems. Such studies give insight into how material features impact ice nucleation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Julie L Fenton
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Miriam Arak Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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8
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Chizallet C, Bouchy C, Larmier K, Pirngruber G. Molecular Views on Mechanisms of Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Reactions in Zeolites. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6107-6196. [PMID: 36996355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The Brønsted acidity of proton-exchanged zeolites has historically led to the most impactful applications of these materials in heterogeneous catalysis, mainly in the fields of transformations of hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Unravelling the mechanisms at the atomic scale of these transformations has been the object of tremendous efforts in the last decades. Such investigations have extended our fundamental knowledge about the respective roles of acidity and confinement in the catalytic properties of proton exchanged zeolites. The emerging concepts are of general relevance at the crossroad of heterogeneous catalysis and molecular chemistry. In the present review, emphasis is given to molecular views on the mechanism of generic transformations catalyzed by Brønsted acid sites of zeolites, combining the information gained from advanced kinetic analysis, in situ, and operando spectroscopies, and quantum chemistry calculations. After reviewing the current knowledge on the nature of the Brønsted acid sites themselves, and the key parameters in catalysis by zeolites, a focus is made on reactions undergone by alkenes, alkanes, aromatic molecules, alcohols, and polyhydroxy molecules. Elementary events of C-C, C-H, and C-O bond breaking and formation are at the core of these reactions. Outlooks are given to take up the future challenges in the field, aiming at getting ever more accurate views on these mechanisms, and as the ultimate goal, to provide rational tools for the design of improved zeolite-based Brønsted acid catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Christophe Bouchy
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Kim Larmier
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Gerhard Pirngruber
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
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9
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Razdan NK, Lin TC, Bhan A. Concepts Relevant for the Kinetic Analysis of Reversible Reaction Systems. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2950-3006. [PMID: 36802557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The net rate of a reversible chemical reaction is the difference between unidirectional rates of traversal along forward and reverse reaction paths. In a multistep reaction sequence, the forward and reverse trajectories, in general, are not the microscopic reverse of one another; rather, each unidirectional route is comprised of distinct rate-controlling steps, intermediates, and transition states. Consequently, traditional descriptors of rate (e.g., reaction orders) do not reflect intrinsic kinetic information but instead conflate unidirectional contributions determined by (i) the microscopic occurrence of forward/reverse reactions (i.e., unidirectional kinetics) and (ii) the reversibility of reaction (i.e., nonequilibrium thermodynamics). This review aims to provide a comprehensive resource of analytical and conceptual tools which deconvolute the contributions of reaction kinetics and thermodynamics to disambiguate unidirectional reaction trajectories and precisely identify rate- and reversibility-controlling molecular species and steps in reversible reaction systems. The extrication of mechanistic and kinetic information from bidirectional reactions is accomplished through equation-based formalisms (e.g., De Donder relations) grounded in principles of thermodynamics and interpreted in the context of theories of chemical kinetics developed in the past 25 years. The aggregate of mathematical formalisms detailed herein is general to thermochemical and electrochemical reactions and encapsulates a diverse body of scientific literature encompassing chemical physics, thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, catalysis, and kinetic modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil K Razdan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ting C Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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10
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Iliescu A, Oppenheim JJ, Sun C, Dincǎ M. Conceptual and Practical Aspects of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Solid-Gas Reactions. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6197-6232. [PMID: 36802581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The presence of site-isolated and well-defined metal sites has enabled the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts that can be rationally modulated. Because MOFs can be addressed and manipulated through molecular synthetic pathways, they are chemically similar to molecular catalysts. They are, nevertheless, solid-state materials and therefore can be thought of as privileged solid molecular catalysts that excel in applications involving gas-phase reactions. This contrasts with homogeneous catalysts, which are overwhelmingly used in the solution phase. Herein, we review theories dictating gas phase reactivity within porous solids and discuss key catalytic gas-solid reactions. We further treat theoretical aspects of diffusion within confined pores, the enrichment of adsorbates, the types of solvation spheres that a MOF might impart on adsorbates, definitions of acidity/basicity in the absence of solvent, the stabilization of reactive intermediates, and the generation and characterization of defect sites. The key catalytic reactions we discuss broadly include reductive reactions (olefin hydrogenation, semihydrogenation, and selective catalytic reduction), oxidative reactions (oxygenation of hydrocarbons, oxidative dehydrogenation, and carbon monoxide oxidation), and C-C bond forming reactions (olefin dimerization/polymerization, isomerization, and carbonylation reactions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Iliescu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julius J Oppenheim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chenyue Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mircea Dincǎ
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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11
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Zou H, Shi H, Hao S, Hao Y, Yang J, Tian X, Yang H. Boosting Catalytic Selectivity through a Precise Spatial Control of Catalysts at Pickering Droplet Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2511-2522. [PMID: 36652392 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of new methodologies to tune catalytic selectivity is a long-sought goal in catalytic community. In this work, oil-water interfaces of Pickering emulsions are developed to effectively regulate catalytic selectivity of hydrogenation reactions, which was achieved via a precise control of the spatial distribution of metal nanoparticles at the droplet interfaces. It was found that Pd nanoparticles located in the inner interfacial layer of Pickering droplets exhibited a significantly enhanced selectivity for p-chloroaniline (up to 99.6%) in the hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene in comparison to those in the outer interfacial layer (63.6%) in pure water (68.5%) or in pure organic solvents (46.8%). Experimental and theoretical investigations indicated that such a remarkable interfacial microregion-dependent catalytic selectivity was attributed to the microenvironments of the coexistence of water and organic solvent at the droplet interfaces, which could provide unique interfacial hydrogen-bonding interactions and solvation effects so as to alter the adsorption patterns of p-chloronitrobenzene and p-chloroaniline on the Pd nanoparticles, thereby avoiding the unwanted contact of C-Cl bonds with the metal surfaces. Our strategy of precise spatial control of catalysts at liquid-liquid interfaces and the unprecedented interfacial effect reported here not only provide new insights into the liquid-liquid interfacial reactions but also open an avenue to boost catalytic selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houbing Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hu Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shijiao Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yajuan Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hengquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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12
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Liu Q, Pfriem N, Cheng G, Baráth E, Liu Y, Lercher JA. Maximum Impact of Ionic Strength on Acid-Catalyzed Reaction Rates Induced by a Zeolite Microporous Environment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202208693. [PMID: 36317985 PMCID: PMC10107796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The intracrystalline ionic environment in microporous zeolite can remarkably modify the excess chemical potential of adsorbed reactants and transition states, thereby influencing the catalytic turnover rates. However, a limit of the rate enhancement for aqueous-phase dehydration of alcohols appears to exist for zeolites with high ionic strength. The origin of such limitation has been hypothesized to be caused by the spatial constraints in the pores via, e.g., size exclusion effects. It is demonstrated here that the increase in turnover rate as well as the formation of a maximum and the rate drop are intrinsic consequences of the increasingly dense ionic environment in zeolite. The molecularly sized confines of zeolite create a unique ionic environment that monotonically favors the formation of alcohol-hydronium ion complexes in the micropores. The zeolite microporous environment determines the kinetics of catalytic steps and tailors the impact of ionic strength on catalytic rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Niklas Pfriem
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Guanhua Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Eszter Baráth
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University200062ShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Johannes A. Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
- Institute for Integrated CatalysisPacific Northwest National LaboratoryP.O. Box 999RichlandWA 99352USA
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13
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Chau HK, Nguyen QP, Jerdy AC, Bui DP, Lobban LL, Wang B, Crossley SP. Role of Water on Zeolite-Catalyzed Dehydration of Polyalcohols and EVOH Polymer. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han K. Chau
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Quy P. Nguyen
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Ana Carolina Jerdy
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Dai-Phat Bui
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Lance L. Lobban
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
| | - Steven P. Crossley
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma73019, United States
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14
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Potts DS, Jeyaraj VS, Kwon O, Ghosh R, Mironenko AV, Flaherty DW. Effect of Interactions between Alkyl Chains and Solvent Structures on Lewis Acid Catalyzed Epoxidations. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David S. Potts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Vijaya Sundar Jeyaraj
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ohsung Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Richa Ghosh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexander V. Mironenko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David W. Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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15
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Huang P, Yan Y, Banerjee A, Lefferts L, Wang B, Faria Albanese JA. Proton shuttling flattens the energy landscape of nitrite catalytic reduction. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Afrin S, Bollini P. Beyond upper bound estimates of active site densities in heterogeneous catalysis: A note on the critical role of titrant pressure. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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A critical assessment of the roles of water molecules and solvated ions in acid-base-catalyzed reactions at solid-water interfaces. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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On the integration of molecular dynamics, data science, and experiments for studying solvent effects on catalysis. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2022.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Zhang Z, Berdugo-Díaz CE, Bregante DT, Zhang H, Flaherty DW. Aldol Condensation and Esterification over Ti-Substituted *BEA Zeolite: Mechanisms and Effects of Pore Hydrophobicity. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyao Zhang
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Claudia E. Berdugo-Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Daniel T. Bregante
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David W. Flaherty
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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20
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Influence of Substrate Concentration on Kinetic Parameters of Ethanol Dehydration in MFI and CHA Zeolites and Relation of These Kinetic Parameters to Acid–Base Properties. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic activity of zeolites is often related to their acid–base properties. In this work, the relationship between the value of apparent activation energy of ethanol dehydration, measured in a fixed bed reactor and by means of a temperature-programmed surface reaction (TPSR) depending on the amount of ethanol in the zeolite lattice and the value of activation energy of H/D exchange as a measure of acid–base properties of MFI and CHA zeolites, was studied. Tests in a fixed bed reactor were unable to provide reliable reaction kinetics data due to internal diffusion limitations and rapid catalyst deactivation. Only the TPSR method was able to provide activation energy values comparable to the activation energy values obtained from the H/D exchange rate measurements. In addition, for CHA zeolite, it has been shown that the values of ethanol dehydration activation energies depend on the amount of ethanol in the CHA framework, and this effect can be attributed to the substrate clustering effects supporting the deprotonation of zeolite Brønsted centers.
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21
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Tan JZ, Bregante DT, Torres C, Flaherty DW. Transition state stabilization depends on solvent identity, pore size, and hydrophilicity for epoxidations in zeolites. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Piccini G, Lee MS, Yuk SF, Zhang D, Collinge G, Kollias L, Nguyen MT, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R. Ab initio molecular dynamics with enhanced sampling in heterogeneous catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01329g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced sampling ab initio simulations enable to study chemical phenomena in catalytic systems including thermal effects & anharmonicity, & collective dynamics describing enthalpic & entropic contributions, which can significantly impact on reaction free energy landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- GiovanniMaria Piccini
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
- Istituto Eulero, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Mal-Soon Lee
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Simuck F. Yuk
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA
| | - Difan Zhang
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Greg Collinge
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Loukas Kollias
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Basic & Applied Molecular Foundations, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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23
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Shi X, Lin X, Luo R, Wu S, Li L, Zhao ZJ, Gong J. Dynamics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes at Operando Conditions. JACS AU 2021; 1:2100-2120. [PMID: 34977883 PMCID: PMC8715484 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of high-performance catalysts is hindered by the lack of knowledge of the structures of active sites and the reaction pathways under reaction conditions, which can be ideally addressed by an in situ/operando characterization. Besides the experimental insights, a theoretical investigation that simulates reaction conditions-so-called operando modeling-is necessary for a plausible understanding of a working catalyst system at the atomic scale. However, there is still a huge gap between the current widely used computational model and the concept of operando modeling, which should be achieved through multiscale computational modeling. This Perspective describes various modeling approaches and machine learning techniques that step toward operando modeling, followed by selected experimental examples that present an operando understanding in the thermo- and electrocatalytic processes. At last, the remaining challenges in this area are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Shi
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lin
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shican Wu
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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24
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Marsden G, Kostetskyy P, Sekiya RS, Hoffman A, Lee S, Gounder R, Hibbitts D, Broadbelt LJ. Quantifying Effects of Active Site Proximity on Rates of Methanol Dehydration to Dimethyl Ether over Chabazite Zeolites through Microkinetic Modeling. ACS MATERIALS AU 2021; 2:163-175. [PMID: 36855771 PMCID: PMC9888634 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Control of the spatial proximity of Brønsted acid sites within the zeolite framework can result in materials with properties that are distinct from materials synthesized through conventional crystallization methods or available from commercial sources. Recent experimental evidence has shown that turnover rates of different acid-catalyzed reactions increase with the fraction of proximal sites in chabazite (CHA) zeolites. The catalytic conversion of oxygenates is an important research area, and the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) is a well-studied reaction as part of methanol-to-olefin chemistry catalyzed by solid acids. Published experimental data have shown that DME formation rates (per acid site) increase systematically with the fraction of proximal acid sites in the six-membered ring of CHA. Here, we probe the effect of acid site proximity in CHA on methanol dehydration rates using electronic structure calculations and microkinetic modeling to identify the primary causes of this chemistry and their relationship to the local structure of the catalyst at the nanoscale. We report a density functional theory-parametrized microkinetic model of methanol dehydration to DME, catalyzed by acidic CHA zeolite with direct comparison to experimental data. Effects of proximal acid sites on reaction rates were captured quantitatively for a range of operating conditions and catalyst compositions, with a focus on total paired acid site concentration and reactant clustering to form higher nuclearity complexes. Next-nearest neighbor paired acid sites were identified as promoting the formation of methanol trimer clusters rather than the inhibiting tetramer or pentamer clusters, resulting in large increases in the rate for DME production due to the lower energy barriers present in the concerted methanol trimer reaction pathway. The model framework developed in this study can be extended to other zeolite materials and reaction chemistries toward the goal of rational design and development of next-generation catalytic materials and chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Marsden
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United
States
| | - Pavlo Kostetskyy
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United
States
| | - Ryoh-Suke Sekiya
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center, Drive
P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Alexander Hoffman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center, Drive
P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Songhyun Lee
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David Hibbitts
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center, Drive
P.O. Box 116005, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Linda J. Broadbelt
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United
States,
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25
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Pfriem N, Liu Y, Zahn F, Shi H, Haller GL, Lercher JA. Impact of the Local Concentration of Hydronium Ions at Tungstate Surfaces for Acid-Catalyzed Alcohol Dehydration. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20133-20143. [PMID: 34813324 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tungstate domains supported on ZrO2, Al2O3, TiO2, and activated carbon drastically influence the hydronium-ion-catalyzed aqueous-phase dehydration of alcohols. For all catalysts, the rate of cyclohexanol dehydration normalized to the concentration of Brønsted acid sites (turnover frequencies, TOFs) was lower for monotungstates than for polytungstates and larger crystallites of WO3. TOFs were constant when reaching or exceeding the monolayer coverage of tungstate, irrespective of the specific nature of surface structures that continuously evolve with the surface W loading. However, the TOFs with polytungstates and large WO3 crystallites depend strongly on the underlying support (e.g., WOx/C catalysts are 10-50-fold more active than WOx/Al2O3 catalysts). The electrical double layer (EDL) surrounding the negatively charged WOx domains contains hydrated hydronium ions, whose local concentrations change with the support. This varying concentration of interfacial hydronium ions ("local ionic strength") impacts the excess chemical potential of the reacting alcohols and induces the marked differences in the TOFs. Primary H/D kinetic isotope effects (∼3), together with the substantially positive entropy of activation (111-195 J mol-1 K-1), indicate that C-H(D) bond cleavage is involved in the kinetically relevant step of an E1-type mechanistic sequence, regardless of the support identity. The remarkable support dependence of the catalytic activity observed here for the aqueous-phase dehydration of cycloalkanols likely applies to a broad set of hydronium-ion-catalyzed organic reactions sensitive to ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Pfriem
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Florian Zahn
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Hui Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Gary L Haller
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Garching 85747, Germany.,Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8682, United States
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Garching 85747, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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26
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Johnson BA, Di Iorio JR, Román-Leshkov Y. Identification and quantification of distinct active sites in Hf-Beta zeolites for transfer hydrogenation catalysis. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Potts DS, Bregante DT, Adams JS, Torres C, Flaherty DW. Influence of solvent structure and hydrogen bonding on catalysis at solid-liquid interfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12308-12337. [PMID: 34569580 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00539a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Solvent molecules interact with reactive species and alter the rates and selectivities of catalytic reactions by orders of magnitude. Specifically, solvent molecules can modify the free energies of liquid phase and surface species via solvation, participating directly as a reactant or co-catalyst, or competitively binding to active sites. These effects carry consequences for reactions relevant for the conversion of renewable or recyclable feedstocks, the development of distributed chemical manufacturing, and the utilization of renewable energy to drive chemical reactions. First, we describe the quantitative impact of these effects on steady-state catalytic turnover rates through a rate expression derived for a generic catalytic reaction (A → B), which illustrates the functional dependence of rates on each category of solvent interaction. Second, we connect these concepts to recent investigations of the effects of solvents on catalysis to show how interactions between solvent and reactant molecules at solid-liquid interfaces influence catalytic reactions. This discussion demonstrates that the design of effective liquid phase catalytic processes benefits from a clear understanding of these intermolecular interactions and their implications for rates and selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Potts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Daniel T Bregante
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Jason S Adams
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Chris Torres
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - David W Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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28
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29
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Resasco DE, Crossley SP, Wang B, White JL. Interaction of water with zeolites: a review. CATALYSIS REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2021.1948301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Resasco
- University of Oklahoma, School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Steven P. Crossley
- University of Oklahoma, School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- University of Oklahoma, School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Oklahoma State University, School of Chemical Engineering, Stillwater, OK, USA
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30
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Huang R, Lim C, Jang MG, Hwang JY, Han JW. Exsolved metal-boosted active perovskite oxide catalyst for stable water gas shift reaction. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Stanciakova K, Weckhuysen B. Water–active site interactions in zeolites and their relevance in catalysis. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Pfriem N, Hintermeier PH, Eckstein S, Kim S, Liu Q, Shi H, Milakovic L, Liu Y, Haller GL, Baráth E, Liu Y, Lercher JA. Role of the ionic environment in enhancing the activity of reacting molecules in zeolite pores. Science 2021; 372:952-957. [PMID: 33958482 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Tailoring the molecular environment around catalytically active sites allows for the enhancement of catalytic reactivity through a hitherto unexplored pathway. In zeolites, the presence of water creates an ionic environment via the formation of hydrated hydronium ions and the negatively charged framework aluminum tetrahedra. The high density of cation-anion pairs determined by the aluminum concentration of a zeolite induces a high local ionic strength that increases the excess chemical potential of sorbed and uncharged organic reactants. Charged transition states (carbocations for example) are stabilized, which reduces the energy barrier and leads to higher reaction rates. Using the intramolecular dehydration of cyclohexanol on H-MFI zeolites in water, we quantitatively show an enhancement of the reaction rate by the presence of high ionic strength as well as show potential limitations of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Pfriem
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter H Hintermeier
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eckstein
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.,Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Siwangting Road 180, 225009 Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lara Milakovic
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yuanshuai Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Songling Road 189, Laoshan District, Qingdao, China
| | - Gary L Haller
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Eszter Baráth
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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33
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Chen H, Abdelrahman OA. Cooperative Adsorption: Solvating the Hofmann Elimination of Alkylamines. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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34
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Liu P, Yan Z, Mei D. Insights into protonation for cyclohexanol/water mixtures at the zeolitic Brønsted acid site. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10395-10401. [PMID: 33889887 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06523d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proton transfer from Brønsted acid sites (BASs) to alcohol molecules ignites the acid-catalyzed alcohol dehydration reactions. For aqueous phase dehydration reactions in zeolites, the coexisting water molecules around BASs in the zeolite pores significantly affect the alcohol dehydration activity. In the present work, proton transfer processes among the BASs of H-BEA zeolites, the adsorbed cyclohexanol and surrounding water clusters with different sizes up to 8 water molecules were investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with the multiple-walker well-tempered metadynamics algorithm. The plausible proton locations and proton transfer processes were characterized using two/three-dimensional free energy landscapes. The strong proton affinity makes the protonated cyclohexanol stable species until a water trimer is formed. The proton either is shared between protonated cyclohexanol and the water trimer or remains with the water trimer (H7O3+). With a further increase in water concentrations, the proton prefers to remain with the water clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenxin Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Donghai Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China. and School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
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35
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Mahdavi-Shakib A, Kumar KBS, Whittaker TN, Xie T, Grabow LC, Rioux RM, Chandler BD. Kinetics of H 2 Adsorption at the Metal-Support Interface of Au/TiO 2 Catalysts Probed by Broad Background IR Absorbance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7735-7743. [PMID: 33403732 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
H2 adsorption on Au catalysts is weak and reversible, making it difficult to quantitatively study. We demonstrate H2 adsorption on Au/TiO2 catalysts results in electron transfer to the support, inducing shifts in the FTIR background. This broad background absorbance (BBA) signal is used to quantify H2 adsorption; adsorption equilibrium constants are comparable to volumetric adsorption measurements. H2 adsorption kinetics measured with the BBA show a lower Eapp value (23 kJ mol-1 ) for H2 adsorption than previously reported from proxy H/D exchange (33 kJ mol-1 ). We also identify a previously unreported H-O-H bending vibration associated with proton adsorption on electronically distinct Ti-OH metal-support interface sites, providing new insight into the nature and dynamics of H2 adsorption at the Au/TiO2 interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K B Sravan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, 78212-7200, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4004, USA
| | - Todd N Whittaker
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, 78212-7200, USA
| | - Tianze Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Lars C Grabow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4004, USA.,Texas Center for Superconductivity at the, University of Houston (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Robert M Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bert D Chandler
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, 78212-7200, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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36
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Kester PM, Crum JT, Li S, Schneider WF, Gounder R. Effects of Brønsted acid site proximity in chabazite zeolites on OH infrared spectra and protolytic propane cracking kinetics. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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37
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Mahdavi‐Shakib A, Kumar KBS, Whittaker TN, Xie T, Grabow LC, Rioux RM, Chandler BD. Kinetics of H
2
Adsorption at the Metal–Support Interface of Au/TiO
2
Catalysts Probed by Broad Background IR Absorbance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. B. Sravan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Trinity University San Antonio TX 78212-7200 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204-4004 USA
| | - Todd N. Whittaker
- Department of Chemistry Trinity University San Antonio TX 78212-7200 USA
| | - Tianze Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Lars C. Grabow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204-4004 USA
- Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH) University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Robert M. Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
- Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Bert D. Chandler
- Department of Chemistry Trinity University San Antonio TX 78212-7200 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
- Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
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38
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Bates JS, Gounder R. Kinetic effects of molecular clustering and solvation by extended networks in zeolite acid catalysis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4699-4708. [PMID: 34168752 PMCID: PMC8179612 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00151e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactions catalyzed within porous inorganic and organic materials and at electrochemical interfaces commonly occur at high coverage and in condensed media, causing turnover rates to depend strongly on interfacial structure and composition, collectively referred to as "solvent effects". Transition state theory treatments define how solvation phenomena enter kinetic rate expressions, and identify two distinct types of solvent effects that originate from molecular clustering and from the solvation of such clusters by extended solvent networks. We review examples from the recent literature that investigate reactions within microporous zeolite catalysts to illustrate these concepts, and provide a critical appraisal of open questions in the field where future research can aid in developing new chemistry and catalyst design principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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39
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Di Iorio JR, Johnson BA, Román-Leshkov Y. Ordered Hydrogen-Bonded Alcohol Networks Confined in Lewis Acid Zeolites Accelerate Transfer Hydrogenation Turnover Rates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19379-19392. [PMID: 33108165 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The disruption of ordered water molecules confined within hydrophobic reaction pockets alters the energetics of adsorption and catalysis, but a mechanistic understanding of how nonaqueous solvents influence catalysis in microporous voids remains unclear. Here, we use kinetic analyses coupled with IR spectroscopy to study how alkanol hydrogen-bonding networks confined within hydrophobic and hydrophilic zeolite catalysts modify reaction free energy landscapes. Hydrophobic Beta zeolites containing framework Sn atoms catalyze the transfer hydrogenation reaction of cyclohexanone in a 2-butanol solvent 10× faster than their hydrophilic analogues. This rate enhancement stems from the ability of hydrophobic Sn-Beta to inhibit the formation of extended liquid-like 2-butanol oligomers and promote dimeric H-bonded 2-butanol networks. These different intraporous 2-butanol solvent structures manifest as differences in the activation and adsorption enthalpies and entropies that comprise the free energy landscape of transfer hydrogenation catalysis. The ordered H-bonding solvent network present in hydrophobic Sn-Beta stabilizes the transfer hydrogenation transition state to a greater extent than the liquid-like 2-butanol solvent present in hydrophilic Sn-Beta, giving rise to higher turnover rates on hydrophobic Sn-Beta. Additionally, reactant adsorption within hydrophobic Sn-Beta is driven by the breakup of intraporous solvent-solvent interactions, resulting in positive enthalpies of adsorption that are partially compensated by an increase in the solvent reorganization entropy. Collectively, these results emphasize the ability of the zeolite pore to regulate the structure of confined nonaqueous H-bonding solvent networks, which offers an additional dimension to modulate adsorption and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Di Iorio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Blake A Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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40
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Clustering of alkanols confined in chabazite zeolites: Kinetic implications for dehydration of methanol-ethanol mixtures. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Vega-Vila JC, Gounder R. Quantification of Intraporous Hydrophilic Binding Sites in Lewis Acid Zeolites and Consequences for Sugar Isomerization Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Vega-Vila
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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42
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Hoffman AJ, Bates JS, Di Iorio JR, Nystrom SV, Nimlos CT, Gounder R, Hibbitts D. Rigid Arrangements of Ionic Charge in Zeolite Frameworks Conferred by Specific Aluminum Distributions Preferentially Stabilize Alkanol Dehydration Transition States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Hoffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida 1030 Center Dr Gainesville FL 32608 USA
| | - Jason S. Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - John R. Di Iorio
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Steven V. Nystrom
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida 1030 Center Dr Gainesville FL 32608 USA
| | - Claire T. Nimlos
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University 480 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - David Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida 1030 Center Dr Gainesville FL 32608 USA
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43
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Hoffman AJ, Bates JS, Di Iorio JR, Nystrom SV, Nimlos CT, Gounder R, Hibbitts D. Rigid Arrangements of Ionic Charge in Zeolite Frameworks Conferred by Specific Aluminum Distributions Preferentially Stabilize Alkanol Dehydration Transition States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18686-18694. [PMID: 32659034 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zeolite reactivity depends on the solvating environments of their micropores and the proximity of their Brønsted acid sites. Turnover rates (per H+ ) for methanol and ethanol dehydration increase with the fraction of H+ sites sharing six-membered rings of chabazite (CHA) zeolites. Density functional theory (DFT) shows that activation barriers vary widely with the number and arrangement of Al (1-5 per 36 T-site unit cell), but cannot be described solely by Al-Al distance or density. Certain Al distributions yield rigid arrangements of anionic charge that stabilize cationic intermediates and transition states via H-bonding to decrease barriers. This is a key feature of acid catalysis in zeolite solvents, which lack the isotropy of liquid solvents. The sensitivity of polar transition states to specific arrangements of charge in their solvating environments and the ability to position such charges in zeolite lattices with increasing precision herald rich catalytic diversity among zeolites of varying Al arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Hoffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Jason S Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - John R Di Iorio
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Steven V Nystrom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Claire T Nimlos
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - David Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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44
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Harris JW, Bates JS, Bukowski BC, Greeley J, Gounder R. Opportunities in Catalysis over Metal-Zeotypes Enabled by Descriptions of Active Centers Beyond Their Binding Site. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James W. Harris
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Jason S. Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Brandon C. Bukowski
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey Greeley
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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