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Bunin DA, Martynov AG, Gvozdev DA, Gorbunova YG. Phthalocyanine aggregates in the photodynamic therapy: dogmas, controversies, and future prospects. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:983-998. [PMID: 37975002 PMCID: PMC10643719 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a rapidly developing method for the treatment of cancer and bacterial diseases, is based on the photosensitization of oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destroy specific biological targets. Among the various photosensitizers, phthalocyanines (Pc) have attracted particular attention due to their excellent photophysical properties, most of which meet the therapeutic requirements. The statement that aggregation of Pc-based photosensitizers is undesirable because it suppresses ROS generation has become commonplace in PDT. In this review, we have collected and discussed a number of works whose results refute this well-established axiom and show that aggregated forms of phthalocyanines can still exhibit photodynamic activity, in some cases in synergy with the photothermal and optoacoustic effects. In addition, ROS generation can be induced by aggregates under the conditions of sonodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Bunin
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Martynov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil A. Gvozdev
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Muzzio N, Eduardo Martinez-Cartagena M, Romero G. Soft nano and microstructures for the photomodulation of cellular signaling and behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114554. [PMID: 36181993 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive soft materials are everywhere in the nature, from human's retina tissues to plants, and have been the inspiration for engineers in the development of modern biomedical materials. Light as an external stimulus is particularly attractive because it is relatively cheap, noninvasive to superficial biological tissues, can be delivered contactless and offers high spatiotemporal control. In the biomedical field, soft materials that respond to long wavelength or that incorporate a photon upconversion mechanism are desired to overcome the limited UV-visible light penetration into biological tissues. Upon light exposure, photosensitive soft materials respond through mechanisms of isomerization, crosslinking or cleavage, hyperthermia, photoreactions, electrical current generation, among others. In this review, we discuss the most recent applications of photosensitive soft materials in the modulation of cellular behavior, for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, in drug delivery and for phototherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Muzzio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | | | - Gabriela Romero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
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Zhao D, Ouyang A, Wang X, Zhang W, Cheng G, Lv B, Liu W. Synthesis, crystal structure and biological evaluation of thyroid cancer targeting photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ouyang A, Zhao D, Wang X, Zhang W, Jiang T, Li A, Liu W. Covalent RGD-graphene-phthalocyanine nanocomposite for fluorescence imaging-guided dual active/passive tumor-targeted combinatorial phototherapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:306-320. [PMID: 34935023 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02254g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Poor tumor selectivity, low stability and quenched fluorescence are the main challenges to be overcome for nanomedicine, and are mainly caused by the dissociation of the nanostructure and aggregation of chromophores in the biological environment. Herein, covalently connected nanoparticles RGD-graphene-phthalocyanine (RGD-GO-SiPc) were constructed based on RGD peptide, silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) and graphene oxide (GO) via a conjugation reaction for fluorescence imaging-guided cancer-targeted combinatorial phototherapy. The prepared RGD-GO-SiPc exhibited supreme biological stability, high-contrast fluorescence imaging, significantly enhanced NIR absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency (25.6%), greatly improved cancer-targeting capability, and synergistic photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) efficacy along with low toxicity. Both in vitro and in vivo biological studies showed that RGD-GO-SiPc is a kind of promising multifunctional nanomedicine for fluorescence imaging-guided combined photothermal and photodynamic therapy with dual active/passive tumor-targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancheng Ouyang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Dongmu Zhao
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xianglei Wang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Tianyu Jiang
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao - 266237, P. R. China
| | - Aiying Li
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao - 266237, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Pham TC, Nguyen VN, Choi Y, Lee S, Yoon J. Recent Strategies to Develop Innovative Photosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13454-13619. [PMID: 34582186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 567] [Impact Index Per Article: 189.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a robust strategy to design photosensitizers (PSs) for various species. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemical-based treatment approach that involves the use of light combined with a light-activated chemical, referred to as a PS. Attractively, PDT is one of the alternatives to conventional cancer treatment due to its noninvasive nature, high cure rates, and low side effects. PSs play an important factor in photoinduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Although the concept of photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy has been widely adopted for clinical trials and bioimaging, until now, to our surprise, there has been no relevant review article on rational designs of organic PSs for PDT. Furthermore, most of published review articles in PDT focused on nanomaterials and nanotechnology based on traditional PSs. Therefore, this review aimed at reporting recent strategies to develop innovative organic photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy, with each example described in detail instead of providing only a general overview, as is typically done in previous reviews of PDT, to provide intuitive, vivid, and specific insights to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Chung Pham
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Van-Nghia Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yeonghwan Choi
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.,Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Paramio I, Torres T, de la Torre G. Self-Assembled Porphyrinoids: One-Component Nanostructured Photomedicines. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2441-2451. [PMID: 33900022 PMCID: PMC8453889 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is becoming a promising way to treat various kinds of cancers, with few side effects. Porphyrinoids are the most relevant photosensitizers (PS) in PDT, because they present high extinction coefficients, biocompatibility, and excellent photochemical behavior. To maximize therapeutic effects, polymer-PS conjugates, and PS-loaded nanoparticles have been developed, with insights in improving tumor delivery. However, some drawbacks such as non-biodegradability, multistep fabrication, and low reagent loadings limit their clinical application. A novel strategy, noted by some authors as the "one-for-all" approach, is emerging to circumvent the use of additional delivery agents. This approach relies on the self-assembly of amphiphilic PS to fabricate nanostructures with improved transport properties. In this review we focus on different rational designs of porphyrinoid PS to achieve some of the following attributes in nanoassembly: i) selective uptake, through the incorporation of recognizable biological vectors; ii) responsiveness to stimuli; iii) combination of imaging and therapeutic functions; and iv) multimodal therapy, including photothermal or chemotherapy abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paramio
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de MadridC/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 728049MadridSpain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de MadridC/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 728049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de MadridC/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 728049MadridSpain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-NanocienciaC/Faraday 928049MadridSpain
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de MadridC/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 728049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de MadridC/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 728049MadridSpain
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Qu B, Han Y, Li J, Wang Q, Zhao B, Peng X, Zhang R. Design of ZIF-based hybrid nanoparticles with hyaluronic acid-augmented ROS behavior for dual-modality PA/NIR-II FL imaging. RSC Adv 2021; 11:5044-5054. [PMID: 35424429 PMCID: PMC8694529 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has emerged as a promising bio-imaging technique due to its non-invasive visualization of lesions at great penetration depths. Fluorescence (FL) imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) achieves a higher imaging resolution and lower background signals compared to NIR-I. However, the single imaging method possesses its own disadvantages. Thus, we have demonstrated ZIF-8-IR820-MnPc-HA nanoparticles (ZIMH NPs) that can achieve visualization and localization of tumors in mice models with the help of a dual-modality PA/NIR-II FL imaging performance. Meanwhile, these excellent nanoparticles also induce the efficient generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) upon 808 nm laser illumination, and display excellent photodynamic therapy efficacy in cells, further indicating their potential application for in vivo PDT. In ZIMH NPs, hyaluronic acid (HA) impressively acts as a "sponge", enhancing the generation of 1O2 and facilitating the cellular therapeutic effects. We believe that ZIF-8-IR820-MnPc-HA NPs present a brand-new strategy for the exploration of efficient PDT photosensitizers with dual-modality imaging performance for use in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Qu
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Yahong Han
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
- Department of Radiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Affiliated Bethune Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Bingyu Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Peng
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Affiliated Bethune Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Liu P, Pan H, Dai H, Ren XK, Chen Z. Alignment of supramolecular J-aggregates based on uracil-functionalized BODIPY dye for polarized photoluminescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12069-12072. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04929h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The H-bonding directed supramolecular J-aggregates of a uracil-functionalized BODIPY dye are uniaxially aligned through the rubbing method to generate highly polarized photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Hongfei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiang-Kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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