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Kracíková L, Androvič L, Červený D, Jirát-Ziółkowska N, Babič M, Švábová M, Jirák D, Laga R. Iron-based compounds coordinated with phospho-polymers as biocompatible probes for dual 31P/ 1H magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3847. [PMID: 38360883 PMCID: PMC10869799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present the synthesis and evaluation of magnetic resonance (MR) properties of novel phosphorus/iron-containing probes for dual 31P and 1H MR imaging and spectroscopy (MRI and MRS). The presented probes are composed of biocompatible semitelechelic and multivalent phospho-polymers based on poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (pMPC) coordinated with small paramagnetic Fe3+ ions or superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles via deferoxamine group linked to the end or along the polymer chains. All probes provided very short 1H T1 and T2 relaxation times even at low iron concentrations. The presence of iron had a significant impact on the shortening of 31P relaxation, with the effect being more pronounced for probes based on γ-Fe2O3 and multivalent polymer. While the water-soluble probe having one Fe3+ ion per polymer chain was satisfactorily visualized by both 31P-MRS and 31P-MRI, the probe with multiple Fe3+ ions could only be detected by 31P-MRS, and the probes consisting of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles could not be imaged by either technique due to their ultra-short 31P relaxations. In this proof-of-principle study performed on phantoms at a clinically relevant magnetic fields, we demonstrated how the different forms and concentrations of iron affect both the 1H MR signal of the surrounding water molecules and the 31P MR signal of the phospho-polymer probe. Thus, this double contrast can be exploited to simultaneously visualize body anatomy and monitor probe biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kracíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Androvič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - David Červený
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Jirát-Ziółkowska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Babič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Švábová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Richard Laga
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Wang HL, Liu D, Jia JH, Liu JL, Ruan ZY, Deng W, Yang S, Wu SG, Tong ML. High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad036. [PMID: 37200676 PMCID: PMC10187785 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-nuclear lanthanide clusters have shown great potential for the administration of high-dose mononuclear gadolinium chelates in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The development of high-nuclear lanthanide clusters with excellent solubility and high stability in water or solution has been challenging and is very important for expanding the performance of MRI. We used N-methylbenzimidazole-2-methanol (HL) and LnCl3·6H2O to synthesize two spherical lanthanide clusters, Ln32 (Ln = Ho, Ho32; and Ln = Gd, Gd32), which are highly stable in solution. The 24 ligands L- are all distributed on the periphery of Ln32 and tightly wrap the cluster core, ensuring that the cluster is stable. Notably, Ho32 can remain highly stable when bombarded with different ion source energies in HRESI-MS or immersed in an aqueous solution of different pH values for 24 h. The possible formation mechanism of Ho32 was proposed to be Ho(III), (L)- and H2O → Ho3(L)3/Ho3(L)4 → Ho4(L)4/Ho4(L)5 → Ho6(L)6/Ho6(L)7 → Ho16(L)19 → Ho28(L)15 → Ho32(L)24/Ho32(L)21/Ho32(L)23. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the assembly mechanism of spherical high-nuclear lanthanide clusters. Spherical cluster Gd32, a form of highly aggregated Gd(III), exhibits a high longitudinal relaxation rate (1 T, r1 = 265.87 mM-1·s-1). More notably, compared with the clinically used commercial material Gd-DTPA, Gd32 has a clearer and higher-contrast T1-weighted MRI effect in mice bearing 4T1 tumors. This is the first time that high-nuclear lanthanide clusters with high water stability have been utilized for MRI. High-nuclear Gd clusters containing highly aggregated Gd(III) at the molecular level have higher imaging contrast than traditional Gd chelates; thus, using large doses of traditional gadolinium contrast agents can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Donglin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jian-Hua Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ze-Yu Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Si-Guo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming-Liang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Xu Y, Li C, Wu X, Li MX, Ma Y, Yang H, Zeng Q, Sessler JL, Wang ZX. Sheet-like 2D Manganese(IV) Complex with High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18834-18843. [PMID: 36201849 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a stable, water-soluble, mononuclear manganese(IV) complex [MnIV(H2L)]·5H2O (Mn-HDCL) that acts as an efficient photothermal material. This system is based on a hexahydrazide clathrochelate ligand (L/HDCL) and is obtained via an efficient one-pot templated synthesis that avoids the need for harsh reaction conditions. Scanning tunneling microscopy images reveal that Mn-HDCL exists as a 2D sheet-like structure. In Mn-HDCL, the manganese(IV) ion is trapped within the cavity of the cage-like ligand. This effectively shields the Mn(IV) ion from the external environment while providing adequate water solubility. As a result of orbital transitions involving the coordinated manganese(IV) ion, as well as metal-to-ligand charge transfer effects, Mn-HDCL possesses a large extinction coefficient and displays a photothermal performance comparable to single-wall carbon nanotubes in the solid state. A high photothermal conversion efficiency (ca. 71%) was achieved in aqueous solution when subjected to near-infrared 730 nm laser photo-irradiation. Mn-HDCL is paramagnetic and provides a modest increase in the T1-weighted contrast of magnetic resonance images both in vitro and in vivo. Mn-HDCL was found to target tumors passively and allow tumor margins to be distinguished in vivo in a mouse model. In addition, it also exhibited an efficient laser-triggered photothermal therapy effect in vitro and in vivo. We thus propose that Mn-HDCL could have a role to play as a tumor-targeting photothermal sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ming-Xing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yunsheng Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, Unites States
| | - Zhao-Xi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Li H, Wang R, Hong R, Li Y. Preparation, biocompatibility and imaging performance of ultrasmall iron oxide magnetic fluids for T1/T2-weighted MRI. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen S, An L, Yang S. Low-Molecular-Weight Fe(III) Complexes for MRI Contrast Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144573. [PMID: 35889445 PMCID: PMC9324404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fe(III) complexes have again attracted much attention for application as MRI contrast agents in recent years due to their high thermodynamic stability, low long-term toxicity, and large relaxivity at a higher magnetic field. This mini-review covers the recent progress on low-molecular-weight Fe(III) complexes, which have been considered as one of the promising alternatives to clinically used Gd(III)-based contrast agents. Two kinds of complexes including mononuclear Fe(III) complexes and multinuclear Fe(III) complexes are summarized in sequence, with a specific highlight of the structural relationships between the complexes and their relaxivity and thermodynamic stability. In additional, the future perspectives for the design of low-molecular-weight Fe(III) complexes for MRI contrast agents are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
| | - Lu An
- Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
| | - Shiping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
- Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
- Correspondence:
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Kras EA, Snyder EM, Sokolow GE, Morrow JR. Distinct Coordination Chemistry of Fe(III)-Based MRI Probes. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1435-1444. [PMID: 35482819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusContrast agents are used in approximately 40% of all magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures to improve the quality of the images based on the distribution and dynamic clearance of the agent. To date, all clinically approved contrast agents are Gd(III) coordination complexes that serve to shorten the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) proton relaxation times of water. Recent interest in replacing Gd with biologically relevant metal ions such as Mn or Fe has led to increased interest in the aqueous coordination chemistry of their complexes. In this Account, we focus on high-spin Fe(III) complexes that have been recently reported as MRI contrast agents or probes in our laboratory.The highly Lewis acidic Fe(III) center has distinct coordination chemistry in aqueous solutions, facilitating alternative strategies in the design of MRI probes. To illustrate this, we describe different classes of Fe(III) MRI probes with a focus on macrocyclic complexes and multinuclear complexes such as self-assembled metal organic polyhedra (MOP). Our initial efforts focused on macrocyclic complexes of Fe(III) in order to tune spin and oxidation states with the goal of stabilizing high-spin Fe(III) in reducing biological environments. Our probes feature six-coordinate Fe(III) complexes of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane with hydroxypropyl, phosphonate, or carboxylate pendant groups to produce Fe(III) complexes that shorten proton T1 times predominantly from second-sphere or outer-sphere interactions at neutral pH. Analogues with pentadentate macrocyclic ligands have an inner-sphere water that does not exchange rapidly on the NMR time scale, yet these complexes are effective relaxation agents. Fe(III) macrocyclic complexes in this class can be modified to modulate their biodistribution and pharmacokinetic clearance in mice. The goal of these studies is for the Fe(III) agents to clear as extracellular fluid agents and produce profiles similar to those of Gd agents. Finally, studies of multimeric Fe(III) complexes are of interest to produce probes that give large proton relaxivity. In this approach the two Fe(III) centers are connected through aryl linkers as demonstrated for several macrocyclic complexes. Even more tightly connected Fe(III) centers are produced in a Fe(III) self-assembled cage with relaxivity of 21 mM-1 s-1 at 4.7 T, 37 °C in the presence of serum albumin to which it is tightly bound. This cage enhances contrast of the vasculature as a blood pool agent and accumulates in tumors. Finally, we present our perspectives on the further development of Fe(III) complexes for various applications in MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Kras
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Amherst, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eric M. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Amherst, New York 14260, United States
| | - Gregory E. Sokolow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Amherst, New York 14260, United States
| | - Janet R. Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Amherst, New York 14260, United States
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Yoo YJ, Chung IY, Jalde SS, Choi HK, Cho YH. An iron-chelating sulfonamide identified from Drosophila-based screening for antipathogenic discovery. Virulence 2022; 13:833-843. [PMID: 35521696 PMCID: PMC9090290 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2069325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We exploited bacterial infection assays using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to identify anti-infective compounds that abrogate the pathological consequences in the infected hosts. Here, we demonstrated that a pyridine-3-N-sulfonylpiperidine derivative (4a) protects Drosophila from the acute infections caused by bacterial pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 4a did not inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa in vitro, but inhibited the production of secreted toxins such as pyocyanin and hydrogen cyanide, while enhancing the production of pyoverdine and pyochelin, indicative of iron deprivation. Based on its catechol moiety, 4a displayed iron-chelating activity in vitro toward both iron (II) and iron (III), more efficiently than the approved iron-chelating drugs such as deferoxamine and deferiprone, concomitant with more potent antibacterial efficacy in Drosophila infections and unique transcriptome profile. Taken together, these results delineate a Drosophila-based strategy to screen for antipathogenic compounds, which interfere with iron uptake crucial for bacterial virulence and survival in host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ji Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - In-Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | - You-Hee Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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Sokolow GE, Crawley MR, Morphet DR, Asik D, Spernyak JA, McGray AJR, Cook TR, Morrow JR. Metal-Organic Polyhedron with Four Fe(III) Centers Producing Enhanced T 1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast in Tumors. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2603-2611. [PMID: 35073060 PMCID: PMC9038074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A metal-organic polyhedron (MOP) with four paramagnetic Fe(III) centers was studied as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe. The MOP was characterized in solution by using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopies, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry, and in the solid state with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Water proton T1 relaxation properties were examined in solution and showed significant enhancement in the presence of human serum albumin (HSA). The r1 relaxivities in the absence and presence of HSA were 8.7 mM-1 s-1 and 21 mM-1 s-1, respectively, per molecule (2.2 mM-1 s-1 and 5.3 mM-1 s-1 per Fe) at 4.7 T, 37 °C. In vivo studies of the iron MOP show strong contrast enhancement of the blood pool even at a low dose of 0.025 mmol/kg with prolonged residence in vasculature and clearance through the intestinal tract of mice. The MOP binds strongly to serum albumin and shows comparable accumulation in a murine tumor model as compared to a covalently linked Gd-HSA contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory E. Sokolow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Matthew R. Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Daniel R. Morphet
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Didar Asik
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Joseph A. Spernyak
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - A. J. Robert McGray
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Janet R. Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
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