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Xie Z, Chen Z, Li A, Huang B, Guo C, Zhai Y. Specific Small-Molecule Detection Using Designed Nucleic Acid Nanostructure Carriers and Nanopores. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8528-8533. [PMID: 38728651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of nanopore sensor technology, an enduring challenge lies in achieving the discerning detection of small biomolecules with a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio. This study introduces a method for reliably quantifying the concentration of target small molecules, utilizing tetrahedral DNA nanostructures as surrogates for the captured molecules through a magnetic-bead-based competition substitution mechanism. Magnetic Fe3O4-DNA tetrahedron nanoparticles (MNPs) are incorporated into a nanopore electrochemical system for small-molecule sensing. In the presence of the target, the DNA tetrahedron, featuring an aptamer tail acting as a molecular carrier, detaches from the MNPs due to aptamer deformation. Following removal of the MNPs, the DNA tetrahedron bound to the target traversed the nanopore by applying a positive potential. This approach exhibits various advantages, including heightened sensitivity, selectivity, an improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and robust anti-interference capabilities. Our findings demonstrate that this innovative methodology has the potential to significantly enhance the sensing of various small-molecule targets by nanopores, thereby advancing the sensitivity and dynamic range. This progress holds promise for the development of precise clinical diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Xie
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Aijia Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Cunlan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Zhai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
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2
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Sun S, Yang H, Wu Z, Zhang S, Xu J, Shi P. CRISPR/Cas systems combined with DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3098-3117. [PMID: 38406926 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00290c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures are easy to design and construct, have good biocompatibility, and show great potential in biosensing and drug delivery. Numerous distinctive and versatile DNA nanostructures have been developed and explored for biomedical applications. In addition to DNA nanostructures that are completely assembled from DNA, composite DNA nanostructures obtained by combining DNA with other organic or inorganic materials are also widely used in related research. The CRISPR/Cas system has attracted great attention as a powerful gene editing technology and is also widely used in biomedical diagnosis. Many researchers are committed to exploring new possibilities by combining DNA nanostructures with CRISPR/Cas systems. These explorations provide support for the development of new detection methods and cargo delivery pathways, provide inspiration for improving relevant gene editing platforms, and further expand the application scope of DNA nanostructures and CRISPR/Cas systems. This paper mainly reviews the design principles and biomedical applications of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures based on the types of DNA nanostructures. Finally, the application status, challenges and development prospects of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures in detection and delivery are summarized. It is expected that this review will enable researchers to better understand the current state of the field and provide insights into the application of CRISPR/Cas systems and the development of DNA nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Haoqi Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyong Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Jingjuan Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
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Li T, Cheng N. Sensitive and Portable Signal Readout Strategies Boost Point-of-Care CRISPR/Cas12a Biosensors. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3988-4007. [PMID: 37870387 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) detection is getting more and more attention in many fields due to its accuracy and on-site test property. The CRISPR/Cas12a system is endowed with excellent sensitivity, target identification specificity, and signal amplification ability in biosensing because of its unique trans-cleavage ability. As a result, a lot of research has been made to develop CRISPR/Cas12a-based biosensors. In this review, we focused on signal readout strategies and summarized recent sensitivity-improving strategies in fluorescence, colorimetric, and electrochemical signaling. Then we introduced novel portability-improving strategies based on lateral flow assays (LFAs), microfluidic chips, simplified instruments, and one-pot design. In the end, we also provide our outlook for the future development of CRISPR/Cas12a biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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4
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Wang FP, Guan Y, Liu JW, Cheng H, Hu R. A functional nucleic acid-based fluorescence sensing platform based on DNA supersandwich nanowires and cation exchange reaction. Analyst 2023; 148:5033-5040. [PMID: 37667620 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01122d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and sensitive analysis of p53 DNA is important for early diagnosis of cancer. In this work, a fluorescence sensing system based on DNA supersandwich nanowires and cation exchange (CX)-triggered multiplex signal amplification was constructed for the detection of p53 DNA. In the presence of p53 DNA, the DNA self-assembles to form a DNA supersandwich nanowire that generates long double-stranded DNA. Subsequently, the cation exchange (CX) reaction between ZnS and Ag+ was utilized to release free Zn2+. With the participation of Zn2+, DNAzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of numerous catalytic molecular beacons, resulting in a greatly enhanced fluorescence signal due to the cycling of DNAzyme. The fluorescence values increased in proportion to the concentrations of p53 DNA in the range of 10 pM to 200 nM, and a detection limit (LOD) of 2.34 pM (S/N = 3) was obtained. This method provides an effective strategy for the quantitative detection of p53 DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Peng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Wen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
| | - Rong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China.
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Wang J, Gui C, Zhu J, Zhu B, Zhu Z, Jiang X, Chen D. A novel design of DNA duplex containing programmable sensing sites for nanopore-based length-resolution reading and applications for Pb 2+ and cfDNA analysis. Analyst 2023; 148:4346-4355. [PMID: 37581252 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01126g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Glass nanopore is an ideal candidate for biosensors due to its unique advantages such as label-free analysis, single-molecule sensitivity, and easy operation. Previous studies have shown that glass nanopores can distinguish different lengths of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) at the same time with the length-resolution ability. Based on this, we proposed a novel design of a dsDNA block containing a programmable sensing site inside, which can be programmed to respond to different target molecules and cleaved into two smaller DNA blocks. When programming the sensing site with different sequences, for example, programming it as the substrate of GR-5 DNAzyme and CRISPR-Cas12a system, the DNA block could realize Pb2+ and cfDNA detection with the length-resolution ability of the glass nanopore. This strategy achieved a Pb2+ detection range from 0.5 nM to 100 nM, with a detection limit of 0.4 nM, and a BRCA-1 detection range from 1 pM to 10 pM, with a detection limit of 1 pM. The programable sensing site is easy to design and has strong expandability, which gives full play to the advantages of glass nanopore in length-resolution ability for dsDNA, and is expected to become an optional design for biosensing strategy for the glass nanopore as a biosensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Cenlin Gui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Jianji Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Baian Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Zhuobin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Xiwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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Burkin KM, Ivanov AV, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB, Safenkova IV. A Critical Study on DNA Probes Attached to Microplate for CRISPR/Cas12 Trans-Cleavage Activity. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:824. [PMID: 37622910 PMCID: PMC10452489 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas12-based biosensors are emerging tools for diagnostics. However, their application of heterogeneous formats needs the efficient detection of Cas12 activity. We investigated DNA probes attached to the microplate surface and cleaved by Cas12a. Single-stranded (ss) DNA probes (19 variants) and combined probes with double-stranded (ds) and ssDNA parts (eight variants) were compared. The cleavage efficiency of dsDNA-probes demonstrated a bell-shaped dependence on their length, with a cleavage maximum of 50%. On the other hand, the cleavage efficiency of ssDNA probes increased monotonously, reaching 70%. The most effective ssDNA probes were integrated with fluorescein, antibodies, and peroxidase conjugates as reporters for fluorescent, lateral flow, and chemiluminescent detection. Long ssDNA probes (120-145 nt) proved the best for detecting Cas12a trans-activity for all of the tested variants. We proposed a test system for the detection of the nucleocapsid (N) gene of SARS-CoV-2 based on Cas12 and the ssDNA-probe attached to the microplate surface; its fluorescent limit of detection was 0.86 nM. Being united with pre-amplification using recombinase polymerase, the system reached a detection limit of 0.01 fM, thus confirming the effectiveness of the chosen ssDNA probe for Cas12-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Irina V. Safenkova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.M.B.); (A.V.I.); (A.V.Z.); (B.B.D.)
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7
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Li H, Li Y, Gui C, Chen D, Chen L, Luo L, Huang G, Yuan Y, He R, Xia F, Wang J. Bare glassy nanopore for length-resolution reading of PCR amplicons from various pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Talanta 2023; 256:124275. [PMID: 36701856 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it is confirmed that without addition of organic solvent and embedding polymer hydrogel into glass nanopore, bare glass nanopore can faithfully measure various lengths of DNA duplexes from 200 to 3000 base pairs with 200 base pairs resolution, showing well-separated peak amplitudes of blockage currents. Furthermore, motivated by this readout capability of duplex DNA, amplicons from Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification are straightforwardly discriminated by bare glassy nanopore without fluorescent labeling. Except simultaneous discrimination of up to 7 different segments of the same lambda genome, various pathogenic bacteria and viruses including SARS-CoV-2 and its mutants in clinical samples can be discriminated at high resolution. Moreover, quantitative measurement of PCR amplicons is obtained with detection range spanning from 0.75 aM to 7.5 pM and detection limit of 7.5 aM, which reveals that bare glass nanopore can faithfully disclose PCR results without any extra labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Cenlin Gui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Daqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Lanfang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Le Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Guobao Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, 537000, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Rong He
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510440, China.
| | - Fan Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Jiahai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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8
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Wang J, Chen L, Gui C, Zhu J, Zhu B, Zhu Z, Li Y, Chen D. A nanopore counter for highly sensitive evaluation of DNA methylation and its application in in vitro diagnostics. Analyst 2023; 148:1492-1499. [PMID: 36880569 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation has been considered an essential epigenetic biomarker for diagnosing various diseases, such as cancer. A simple and sensitive way for DNA methylation level detection is necessary. Inspired by the label-free and ultra-high sensitivity of solid-state nanopores to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), we proposed a nanopore counter for evaluating DNA methylation by integrating a dual-restriction endonuclease digestion strategy coupled with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Simultaneous application of BstUI/HhaI endonucleases can ensure the full digestion of the unmethylated target DNA but shows no effect on the methylated ones. Therefore, only the methylated DNA remains intact and can trigger the subsequent PCR reaction, producing a large quantity of fixed-length PCR amplicons, which can be directly detected through glassy nanopores. By simply counting the event rate of the translocation signals, the concentration of methylated DNA can be determined to range from 1 aM to 0.1 nM, with the detection limit as low as 0.61 aM. Moreover, a 0.01% DNA methylation level was successfully distinguished. The strategy of using the nanopore counter for highly sensitive DNA methylation evaluation would be a low-cost but reliable alternative in the analysis of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lanfang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Cenlin Gui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jianji Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Baian Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhuobin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yunhui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Daqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Guan X, Li H, Chen L, Qi G, Jin Y. Glass Capillary-Based Nanopores for Single Molecule/Single Cell Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:427-442. [PMID: 36670058 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A glass capillary-based nanopore (G-nanopore), due to its tapered tip, easy tunability in orifice size, and especially its flexible surface modifications that can be tailored to effectively capture and enhance the ionic current signal of single entities (single molecules, single cells, and single particles), offers a powerful and nanoconfined sensing platform for diverse biological measurements of single cells and single molecules. Compared with other artificial two-dimensional solid-state nanopores, its conical tip and high spatial and temporal resolution characteristics facilitate noninvasive single molecule and selected area (subcellular) single cell detections (e.g., DNA mutations, highly expressed proteins, and small molecule markers that reflect the change characteristics of the tumor), as a small G-nanopore (≤100 nm) does negligible damage to cell functions and cell membrane integrity when inserted through the cell membrane. In this brief review, we summarize the preparation of G-nanopores and discuss the advantages of them as solid-state sensing platforms for single molecule and single cell detection applications as well as for cancer diagnosis and treatment applications. We also describe the current bottlenecks that limit the widespread use of G-nanopores in clinical applications and provide an outlook on future developments. The brief review will provide the reader with a quick survey of this field and facilitate the rapid development of a G-nanopore sensing platform for future tumor diagnosis and personalized medicine based on single-molecule/single-cell bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Limei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
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10
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Recent advances on CRISPR/Cas system-enabled portable detection devices for on-site agri-food safety assay. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Liu J, Wu D, Chen J, Jia S, Chen J, Wu Y, Li G. CRISPR-Cas systems mediated biosensing and applications in food safety detection. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2960-2985. [PMID: 36218189 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2128300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Food safety, closely related to economic development of food industry and public health, has become a global concern and gained increasing attention worldwide. Effective detection technology is of great importance to guarantee food safety. Although several classical detection methods have been developed, they have some limitations in portability, selectivity, and sensitivity. The emerging CRISPR-Cas systems, uniquely integrating target recognition specificity, signal transduction, and efficient signal amplification abilities, possess superior specificity and sensitivity, showing huge potential to address aforementioned challenges and develop next-generation techniques for food safety detection. In this review, we focus on recent progress of CRISPR-Cas mediated biosensing and their applications in food safety monitoring. The properties and principles of commonly used CRISPR-Cas systems are highlighted. Notably, the frequently coupled nucleic acid amplification strategies to enhance their selectivity and sensitivity, especially isothermal amplification methods, as well as various signal output modes are also systematically summarized. Meanwhile, the application of CRISPR-Cas systems-based biosensors in food safety detection including foodborne virus, foodborne bacteria, food fraud, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), toxins, heavy metal ions, antibiotic residues, and pesticide residues is comprehensively described. Furthermore, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are tentatively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jiahui Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Shijie Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
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