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Lu Z, Chen M, Jin T, Nian B, Hu Y. Immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B on ILs modified CNTs with different chain lengths: Regulation of substrate tunnel "Leucine gating". Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125894. [PMID: 37479200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used as chemical modifiers to modify the carriers and thus improve the efficiency, activity and stability of the enzymes. However, as thousands of ILs have been found up to date, it's a huge work for screening and designing suitable ILs for immobilization of enzymes. Moreover, the mechanism of improving enzymes catalytic performance is still remain ambiguous. Thus, this study investigated the impact of ILs with different chain lengths on the enzymatic properties of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB). Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to examine the interaction between ILs modified CNTs and CALB, as well as their effects on CALB's structure. The results revealed that ILs with different chain lengths significantly influenced the absorption orientation of CALB. Tunnel analysis identified a key role for Leu278 in regulating the open or closed state of Tunnel 2 during CALB's catalytic cycle. The weak interaction analysis demonstrated that ILs with suitable chain lengths provided spatial freedom and formed strong interactions with CNTs and ILs (vdW and hbond). This led to a conformational flip of Leu278, stabilizing the open state of Tunnel 2 and improving the activity and stability of immobilized CALB. This study provides novel insights into the design of new green modifiers to modulate carrier performance and obtain immobilized enzymes with better performance, and establishes a theoretical basis for the design and selection of modifiers for ILs in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tongtong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Binbin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Meng X, Zong H, Zheng Z, Xing J, Liu Z, Song F, Liu S. Ligand-targeted fishing of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Tribulus terrestris L. based on chitosan-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with immobilized α-glucosidase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2677-2692. [PMID: 37058167 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors in natural products are one of the promising drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, due to the complexity of the matrix, it is challenging to comprehensibly clarify the specific pharmacodynamic substances. In this study, a novel high-throughput inhibitor screening strategy was established based on covalent binding of α-glucosidase on chitosan-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The synthesized MWCNTs@CS@GA@α-Glu was characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, Raman, and TG. Performance studies showed that the microreactor exhibited stronger thermostability and pH tolerance than that of the free one while maintaining its inherent catalytic activity. Feasibility study applying a model mixture of known α-glucosidase ligand and non-ligands indicated the selectivity and specificity of the system. By integrating ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) with ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS), 15 ligands were obtained and tentatively identified from Tribulus terrestris L., including 8 steroidal saponins, 4 flavonoids, and 3 alkaloids. These inhibitors were further validated by in vivo experiments and molecular docking simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hou Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Junpeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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Xu Z, Yang S, Xie Y, Yu H, Zhou J. Modulating the adsorption orientation of methionine-rich laccase by tailoring the surface chemistry of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112660. [PMID: 35777167 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Achieving fast electron transfer process between oxidoreductase and electrodes is pivotal for the biocathode of enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs). However, in-depth understanding of the interplay mechanism between enzymes and electrode materials remains challenging when designing and constructing EBFCs. Herein, atomic-scale insight into the direct electron transfer (DET) behavior of Thermus thermophilus laccase (TtLac) with a special methionine-rich β-hairpin motif adsorbed on the carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotube (COOH-CNT) and amino-functionalized carbon nanotube (NH2-CNT) surfaces were disclosed by multi-scale molecular simulations. Simulation results reveal that electrostatic modification is an effective way to tune the DET behavior for TtLac on the modified-CNTs electrode surface. Surprisingly, the positively charged TtLac can be attracted by both negatively charged COOH-CNT and positively charged NH2-CNT surfaces, yet only the latter is capable to trigger the DET process due to the 'lying-on' adsorption orientation. Specifically, the T1 copper site is near the methionine-rich β-hairpin motif, which is the key binding site for TtLac binding onto the NH2-CNT surface via electrostatic interaction, π-π stacking and cation-π interaction. Moreover, TtLac on the NH2-CNT surface undergoes less conformational changes than those on the COOH-CNT surface, which allows the laccase stability and catalytic efficiency to be well preserved. These findings provide a fundamental guidance for future design and fabrication of methionine-rich laccase-based EBFCs with high power output and long lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shengjiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yun Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou, PR China
| | - Hai Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Yu H, Yang S, Chen Z, Xu Z, Quan X, Zhou J. Orientation and Conformation of Hydrophobin at the Oil-Water Interface: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6191-6200. [PMID: 35508911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobins, a new class of potential protein emulsifiers, have been extensively employed in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. However, the knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism of protein adsorption at the oil-water interface remains elusive. In this study, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were performed to probe the adsorption orientation and conformation change of class II hydrophobin HFBI at the cyclohexane-water interface. It was proposed that a hydrophobic dipole of the protein could be used to quantitatively predict the orientation of the adsorbed HFBI. Simulation results revealed that HFBI adsorbed at the interface with the patch-up orientation toward the oil phase, regardless of its initial orientations. HFBI's secondary structure was maintained to be intact in the course of simulations despite relatively significant variations in the tertiary structure observed, which could well preserve the bioactivity of HFBI. From the energy analysis, the driving force for interface adsorption was primarily determined by van der Waals interactions between HFBI and cyclohexane. Further analysis indicated that the adsorption orientation and conformation of HFBI at the oil-water interface were typically regulated by the hydrophobic patch and some key residues. This study provides some insights into the orientation, conformation, and adsorption mechanism of proteins at the oil-water interface and theoretical guidelines for the design and development of novel biological emulsifiers involved in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shengjiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xuebo Quan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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