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Reis R, Dhawle R, Girard R, Frontistis Z, Mantzavinos D, de Witte P, Cabooter D, Du Pasquier D. Electrochemical degradation of diclofenac generates unexpected thyroidogenic transformation products: Implications for environmental risk assessment. J Hazard Mater 2024; 472:134458. [PMID: 38703679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is an environmentally persistent, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with thyroid disrupting properties. Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (eAOPs) can efficiently remove NSAIDs from wastewater. However, eAOPs can generate transformation products (TPs) with unknown chemical and biological characteristics. In this study, DCF was electrochemically degraded using a boron-doped diamond anode. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to analyze the TPs of DCF and elucidate its potential degradation pathways. The biological impact of DCF and its TPs was evaluated using the Xenopus Eleutheroembryo Thyroid Assay, employing a transgenic amphibian model to assess thyroid axis activity. As DCF degradation progressed, in vivo thyroid activity transitioned from anti-thyroid in non-treated samples to pro-thyroid in intermediately treated samples, implying the emergence of thyroid-active TPs with distinct modes of action compared to DCF. Molecular docking analysis revealed that certain TPs bind to the thyroid receptor, potentially triggering thyroid hormone-like responses. Moreover, acute toxicity occurred in intermediately degraded samples, indicating the generation of TPs exhibiting higher toxicity than DCF. Both acute toxicity and thyroid effects were mitigated with a prolonged degradation time. This study highlights the importance of integrating in vivo bioassays in the environmental risk assessment of novel degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Reis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Dhawle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Romain Girard
- Laboratoire WatchFrog, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, Evry 91000, France
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani GR-50132, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - David Du Pasquier
- Laboratoire WatchFrog, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, Evry 91000, France
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Xiao Z, Yu S, Zhang D, Li C. UHPLC-qTOF-MS-Based Nontargeted Metabolomics to Characterize the Effects of Capsaicin on Plasma and Skin Metabolic Profiles of C57BL/6 Mice-An In vivo Experimental Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:719-729. [PMID: 38476205 PMCID: PMC10929253 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s423974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Capsaicin is the main compound found in chili pepper and has complex pharmacologic effects. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of the effect of capsaicin on physiological processes by analyzing changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways. Methods Female C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups(n = 10/group) and fed with capsaicin-soybean oil solution(group T) or soybean oil(group C) for 6 weeks. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) based metabolomics was undertaken to assess plasma and skin metabolic profile changes and identify differential metabolites through multivariate analysis. Results According to the OPLS-DA score plots, the plasma and skin metabolic profiles in the group T and group C were significantly separated. In plasma, 38 significant differential metabolites were identified. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the most significant plasma metabolic pathways included pyruvate metabolism and ABC transporters. In skin, seven significant differential metabolites were found. Four metabolic pathways with p values < 0.05 were detected, including sphingolipid metabolism, sphingolipid signaling pathway, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Conclusion These findings will provide metabolomic insights to assess the physiological functions of capsaicin and contribute to a better understanding of the potential effects of a capsaicin-rich diet on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunming Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Peng H, Huang Z, Li P, Sun Z, Hou X, Li Z, Sang R, Guo Z, Wu S, Cao Y. Investigating the efficacy and mechanisms of Jinfu'an decoction in treating non-small cell lung cancer using network pharmacology and in vitro and in vivo experiments. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 321:117518. [PMID: 38042385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jinfu'an Decoction (JFAD) is a traditional Chinese decoction used in lung cancer treatment to improve patient quality of life and survival. Previous research has established that JFAD has a significant therapeutic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been largely underexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY We used network pharmacology to identify the putative active ingredients of JFAD and conducted experimental studies to determine the potential molecular mechanism of JFAD in NSCLC treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The herbal components in JFAD-containing serum were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS), and targets associated with the anti-lung cancer metastasis effects of JFAD were retrieved from various databases. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to perform Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Next, the protein-protein interactions network and the "JFAD-Chemical Component-Target-KEGG Pathway" network were constructed. The network pharmacology findings were confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess cell viability by CCK8 assay, cell cycle analysis by propidium iodide (PI) assay, and migration and invasion ability of cells by the transwell assay. In vivo experiments were performed to assess the efficacy of JFAD on the tumor by observing the growth of transplanted tumor models in nude mice and evaluated by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Moreover, we assessed the effect of JFAD on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and proteins of Lumican, p120ctn, and specific RhoGTP enzyme family members (RhoA, Rac1, and RhoC) by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS 32 herbal components were identified in the JFAD-containing serum, which potentially acted on 229 targets related to lung cancer metastasis. Network pharmacology results suggested that JFAD may treat lung cancer metastasis by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway via regulating multiple core targets. Our experiments showed that JFAD suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells in vitro, induced cell cycle arrest, and reduced the migration and invasion ability of A549 cells. Our in vivo study revealed that JFAD inhibited tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Additionally, we found that JFAD could downregulate the expression of the PI3K/Akt pathway and affect the expression of Lumican, p120ctn, and specific RhoGTPase family members. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, through network pharmacology, we have unveiled the underlying mechanisms that link the various components, targets, and pathways influenced by JFAD in the context of lung cancer metastasis. Our experimental results suggest that the oncostatic effects of JFAD may be achieved by upregulating the expression of Lumican/p120ctn and downregulating the levels of specific RhoGTPase family members, which in turn block the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Peng
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhongming Huang
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Peiqin Li
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhe Sun
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xuenan Hou
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zeyun Li
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ran Sang
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zehuai Guo
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Siqi Wu
- The First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang J, Ouyang B, Cao R, Xu Y. An UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based strategy for systematic profiling of chemical constituents and associated in vivo metabolites of a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yinchenhao decoction. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5784. [PMID: 38009806 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been applied for relieving jaundice in China for more than 1800 years. However, the material basis for YCHD is still unclear, and the chemical composition and metabolism characteristic in vivo are undefined, making the potential effective constituents and mechanism of action unclear. Herein, an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS)-based strategy was applied for the chemical profiling of YCHD, as well as their in vivo prototypes and global metabolites that defined the metabolome. Our results showed that a total of 139 chemicals were identified in YCHD, including 28 organic acids, 12 monoterpenoids, five diterpenes, three triterpenoids, 17 iridoids, 23 anthraquinones, 26 flavonoids, four coumarins and 21 other types. Moreover, 58 prototypes and 175 metabolites were found in rat biological samples after oral administration of YCHD; those distributed in plasma, liver, intestine and feces were suggested to be potentially effective substances. Oxidation, hydrogenation, decarboxylation and conjugations with methyl, sulfate and glucuronate were considered as the predominant metabolic pathways in vivo. In conclusion, this is a systemic study of chemical constituents and in vivo metabolome profiles of YCHD, contributing to the material basis understanding and further mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingchen Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dos Santos Polidoro A, Peixoto CN, de Souza VCP, Dos Santos AL, de Araújo Gomes A, Jacques RA. Analytical and chemometric strategies for elucidation of yerba mate composition. Food Chem 2023; 429:136918. [PMID: 37516049 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Yerba mate, a popular plant consumed mainly as an infusion, possesses nutritional and medicinal properties attributed to its secondary metabolites. This study aimed to develop strategies to elucidate the phenolic composition of yerba mate samples from Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed, and the extracted compounds were characterized using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS), molecular fluorescence and high-pressure liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). Chemometric analysis, including parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and principal component analysis (PCA) explored metabolite profiles and identify patterns. PARAFAC modelling of the molecular fluorescence results revealed higher pigment content in Brazilian samples, while other countries' samples exhibited higher phenolic content. PCA modeling of HPLC-DAD results indicated that cultivated yerba mate contained higher chlorogenic acids levels, and samples from Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay exhibited higher concentrations of chlorogenic acids and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rosângela Assis Jacques
- Instituto de Química, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Energia e Ambiente (INCT E&A), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Zhang L, Li L, Xin Q, Zhu Z, Miao Z, Zheng N. Metabolomic characterization of Liancheng white and Cherry Valley duck breast meat and their relation to meat quality. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103020. [PMID: 37713801 PMCID: PMC10511810 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liancheng white duck is a typical local duck breed in Fujian Province famous for its meat traits. To better understand how meat quality varies with breed, the chemical composition of breast meats of Liancheng white ducks (LD) and Cherry Valley ducks (CD) were examined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS).The correlation between meat quality and the differential metabolites was further analyzed. The results showed that the effects of breed on duck breast meat were significant for pH, color, cooking loss, and shear force. Liancheng white duck breast meat exhibited a higher shear force and pH, and lower cooking loss and lightness (L*24), redness (a*24), and yellowness (b*24) than CD. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant differences between the meat extracts from the 2 duck breeds. A total of 49 and 57 significantly different metabolites were identified in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. These differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) could be divided into 28 classes, of which the 4 main categories were carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, and eicosanoids. Liancheng white duck might have better nutritional and medicinal value considering the higher content of (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and prostaglandinF3α (PGF3α), having anti-inflammatory orantioxidant effects. Carbohydrate concentration negatively correlated with pH24. The 4 metabolites positively correlated with the shear force. These results provide an overall perspective for bridging the gap between variation of duck meat quality and metabolites with respect to breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Qingwu Xin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Zhongwei Miao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Nenzhu Zheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China.
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Liu QB, Liu J, Lu JG, Yang MR, Zhang W, Li WJ, Qian ZM, Jiang ZH, Bai LP. Quantitative 1H NMR with global spectral deconvolution approach for quality assessment of natural and cultured Cordyceps sinensis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115603. [PMID: 37542829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis is a precious medicinal food which has been successfully cultivated indoors. It remains to be investigated for a simultaneous comparison on aqueous components of natural and cultivated samples. Herein, an approach of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) analysis combined with global spectral deconvolution (GSD) was established for simultaneous quantification of 26 aqueous components in C. sinensis. Processed by GSD, the distorted baselines of 1H NMR spectra were greatly improved, and overlapped signals were also well separated so as to achieve accurate identification and quantitation of components in C. sinensis. Method validation by UHPLC-QTOF-MS and TOF-SIMS analysis revealed that qNMR combined with GSD is a reliable approach for simultaneous quantification of multiple components including characteristic markers of glutamine, GABA and trehalose in authentic and fake C. sinensis. The well-established qNMR approach can be used for quality assessment of natural and cultivated C. sinensis as well as differentiation from fake ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jiazheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ming-Rong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R and D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Ming Qian
- Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R and D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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Bang HY, Kim YK, Kim H, Baek EJ, Na T, Sim KS, Kim HJ. Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Simultaneous Pesticide Analysis and Method Validation in Sweet Pepper. Molecules 2023; 28:5589. [PMID: 37513461 PMCID: PMC10383869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides effectively reduce the population of various pests that harm crops and increase productivity, but leave residues that adversely affect health and the environment. Here, a simultaneous multicomponent analysis method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) pretreated by the QuEChERS method was developed to control the maximum residual levels. Among the 140 pesticides with high frequency of detection in agricultural products in Gyeongnam region in Korea for 5 years, 12 pesticides with high detection frequency in sweet pepper were selected. The analytical method is validated, linearities are r2 > 0.999, limit of detection (LOD) ranges from 1.4 to 3.2 µg/kg, and limit of quantification (LOQ) ranges from 4.1 to 9.7 µg/kg, and the recovery rate was 81.7-99.7%. In addition, it was confirmed that a meaningful value of these parameters can be achieved by determining the measurement uncertainty. The results proved that parameters such as recovery rate and relative standard deviation of the analysis method were within international standards. Using the developed method, better and safer sweet peppers will be provided to consumers, and effective pesticide residue management will be possible by expanding to other agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yeol Bang
- Gyeongnam Provincial Office, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Busan 47537, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Kyoung Kim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Kim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Baek
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoong Na
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Sim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
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Riolo M, Luz C, Santilli E, Meca G, Cacciola SO. Secondary metabolites produced by four Colletotrichum species in vitro and on fruits of diverse olive cultivars. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:1118-1128. [PMID: 37495302 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to characterize the secondary metabolites produced by four Colletotrichum species, C. acutatum, C. gloeosporioides, C. godetiae and C. karsti, both in vitro, on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and oatmeal agar (OA), and during the infection process of fruits of four olive cultivars differing in susceptibility to anthracnose, 'Coratina' and 'Ottobratica', both susceptible, 'Frantoio' and 'Leccino', both resistant. The metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures after seven days incubation and from olives inoculated singularly with each Colletotrichum species, at three different times, 1, 3 and 7 days post inoculation (dpi). They were identified using the UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis method. In total, as many as 45 diverse metabolites were identified. Only 10 metabolites were present in both fruits and axenic cultures while 19 were found exclusively on olives and 16 exclusively in axenic cultures. The identified metabolites comprised fatty acid, phenolics, pyrones, sterols, terpenes and miscellaneous compounds. Each Colletotrichum species produced a different spectrum of metabolites depending on the type of matrices. On artificially inoculated olives the severity of symptoms, the amount of fungal secondary metabolites and their number peaked 7 dpi irrespective of the cultivar susceptibility and the virulence of the Colletotrichum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Riolo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy; Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy; Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus crops (CREA- OFA), 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Carlos Luz
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Elena Santilli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus crops (CREA- OFA), 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Meca
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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Reis R, Dhawle R, Du Pasquier D, Tindall AJ, Frontistis Z, Mantzavinos D, de Witte P, Cabooter D. Electrochemical degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol: Transformation products, degradation pathways and in vivo assessment of estrogenic activity. Environ Int 2023; 176:107992. [PMID: 37244003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Conventional water treatment methods are not efficient in eliminating endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in wastewater. Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (eAOPs) offer a promising alternative, as they electro-generate highly reactive species that oxidize EDCs. However, these processes produce a wide spectrum of transformation products (TPs) with unknown chemical and biological properties. Therefore, a comprehensive chemical and biological evaluation of these remediation technologies is necessary before they can be safely applied in real-life situations. In this study, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), a persistent estrogen, was electrochemically degraded using a boron doped diamond anode with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as supporting electrolytes. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for the quantification of EE2 and the identification of TPs. Estrogenic activity was assessed using a transgenic medaka fish line. At optimal operating conditions, EE2 removal reached over 99.9% after 120 min and 2 min, using Na2SO4 and NaCl, respectively. The combined EE2 quantification and in vivo estrogenic assessment demonstrated the overall estrogenic activity was consistently reduced with the degradation of EE2, but not completely eradicated. The identification and time monitoring of TPs showed that the radical agents readily oxidized the phenolic A-ring of EE2, leading to the generation of hydroxylated and/or halogenated TPs and ring-opening products. eAOP revealed to be a promising technique for the removal of EE2 from water. However, caution should be exercised with respect to the generation of potentially toxic TPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Reis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Dhawle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - David Du Pasquier
- Laboratoire WatchFrog, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Andrew J Tindall
- Laboratoire WatchFrog, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR-50132 Kozani, Greece; School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Meng X, Zong H, Zheng Z, Xing J, Liu Z, Song F, Liu S. Ligand-targeted fishing of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Tribulus terrestris L. based on chitosan-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with immobilized α-glucosidase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2677-2692. [PMID: 37058167 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors in natural products are one of the promising drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, due to the complexity of the matrix, it is challenging to comprehensibly clarify the specific pharmacodynamic substances. In this study, a novel high-throughput inhibitor screening strategy was established based on covalent binding of α-glucosidase on chitosan-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The synthesized MWCNTs@CS@GA@α-Glu was characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, Raman, and TG. Performance studies showed that the microreactor exhibited stronger thermostability and pH tolerance than that of the free one while maintaining its inherent catalytic activity. Feasibility study applying a model mixture of known α-glucosidase ligand and non-ligands indicated the selectivity and specificity of the system. By integrating ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) with ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS), 15 ligands were obtained and tentatively identified from Tribulus terrestris L., including 8 steroidal saponins, 4 flavonoids, and 3 alkaloids. These inhibitors were further validated by in vivo experiments and molecular docking simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hou Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Junpeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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12
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Wang KD, Yuan XL, Liu C, Cao FQ, Zhang YR, Liu WB, He SY. Identification of three novel new psychoactive substances 4F-AB-BUTINACA, AB-PHETINACA, and 2F-NENDCK. Drug Test Anal 2023; 15:115-122. [PMID: 35986510 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The identification of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is an active and cutting-edge topic in forensic science. With the emergence of a large number of NPS, their timely identification to prevent spread can pose a challenge to clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. Three emerging NPS had been identified in recently seized materials, including two synthetic cannabinoids [N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobutyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (4F-AB-BUTINACA) and N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-phenethyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-PHETINACA)] and a ketamine-like substance [2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(ethylamino) cyclohexan-1-one(2F-NENDCK)]. The three compounds were first identified by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These data may assist forensic analysts in analyzing the same substances or their homologous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kua-Dou Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Shanghai Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Qi Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yang He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, China
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13
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Yang Y, Chen T, Liu J, Chen S, Cai R, Wu L, Hu J, Lin Q, Qi X, Liu Z, Cheng Y. Integrated chemical profiling, network pharmacology and pharmacological evaluation to explore the potential mechanism of Xinbao pill against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:255-273. [PMID: 35148221 PMCID: PMC8845110 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2025859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Xinbao pill (XBW), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is widely used in clinical treatment for cardiovascular diseases; however, the therapeutic effect of XBW on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is unclear. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the cardioprotective effect and molecular mechanism of XBW against MI/RI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phytochemistry-based network pharmacology analysis was used to uncover the mechanism of XBW against MI/RI. Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was used to identify chemicals. MI/RI-related targets of XBW were predicted using TargetNet database, OMIC database, etc. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats under anterior descending artery ligation model were divided into Sham, MI/RI and XBW (180 mg/kg, intragastric administration). After 30 min ischaemia and 24 h reperfusion, heart tissues were collected for measurement of myocardial infarct size. After oxygen glucose deprivation for 6 h, H9c2 cells were treated with XBW (60, 240 and 720 μg/mL) and diazoxide (100 μM) for 18 h of reperfusion. RESULTS Thirty-seven chemicals were identified in XBW; 50 MI/RI-related targets of XBW were predicted using indicated databases. XBW significantly reduced infarct size and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) level after MI/RI; XBW protected H9c2 cells against OGD/R injury. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses by String database showed that the cardioprotective effect of XBW was associated with autophagy and apoptosis signalling pathways. Experimental investigation also verified that XBW suppressed apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. CONCLUSIONS XBW showed therapeutic effects against MI/RI mainly via attenuating apoptosis though suppressing excessive autophagy and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Xinbao Pharm-tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongqing Cai
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Xinbao Pharm-tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Wu
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Xinbao Pharm-tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexiong Hu
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Xinbao Pharm-tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongying Lin
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Xinbao Pharm-tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- CONTACT Zhongqiu Liu
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- Yuanyuan Cheng School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Sallam IE, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schäpe SS, Zaghloul SS, El-Dine RS, Shao P, von Bergen M, Farag MA. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Biotransformation of Opuntia Ficus Fruit: The Effect of In Vitro and Ex Vivo Gut Microbiota Metabolism. Molecules 2022; 27:7568. [PMID: 36364395 PMCID: PMC9653959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica biological effects are attributed to several bioactive metabolites. However, these actions could be altered in vivo by biotransformation reactions mainly via gut microbiota. This study assessed gut microbiota effect on the biotransformation of O. ficus-indica metabolites both in vitro and ex vivo. Two-time aliquots (0.5 and 24 h) from the in vitro assay were harvested post incubation of O. ficus-indica methanol extract with microbial consortium, while untreated and treated samples with fecal bacterial culture from the ex vivo assay were prepared. Metabolites were analyzed using UHPLC-QTOF-MS, with flavonoid glycosides completely hydrolyzed in vitro at 24 h being converted to two major metabolites, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid and phloroglucinol, concurrent with an increase in the gallic acid level. In case of the ex vivo assay, detected flavonoid glycosides in untreated sample were completely absent from treated counterpart with few flavonoid aglycones and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in parallel to an increase in piscidic acid. In both assays, fatty and organic acids were completely hydrolyzed being used as energy units for bacterial growth. Chemometric tools were employed revealing malic and (iso)citric acids as the main discriminating metabolites in vitro showing an increased abundance at 0.5 h, whereas in ex vivo assay, (iso)citric, aconitic and mesaconic acids showed an increase at untreated sample. Piscidic acid was a significant marker for the ex vivo treated sample. DPPH, ORAC and FRAP assays were further employed to determine whether these changes could be associated with changes in antioxidant activity, and all assays showed a decline in antioxidant potential post biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim E. Sallam
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Serena Schäpe
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Soumaya S. Zaghloul
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Riham S. El-Dine
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ping Shao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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15
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Abushawish KYI, Soliman SSM, Giddey AD, Al-Hroub HM, Mousa M, Alzoubi KH, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E, Omar HA, Elgendy SM, Bustanji Y, Soares NC, Semreen MH. Multi-Omics Analysis Revealed a Significant Alteration of Critical Metabolic Pathways Due to Sorafenib-Resistance in Hep3B Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11975. [PMID: 36233276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second prominent cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Usually, HCC is diagnosed in advanced stages, wherein sorafenib, a multiple target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used as the first line of treatment. Unfortunately, resistance to sorafenib is usually encountered within six months of treatment. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify the underlying reasons for drug resistance. In the present study, we investigated the proteomic and metabolomics alterations accompanying sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells by employing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The Bruker Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) library was used to identify the differentially abundant metabolites through MetaboScape 4.0 software (Bruker). For protein annotation and identification, the Uniprot proteome for Homo sapiens (Human) database was utilized through MaxQuant. The results revealed that 27 metabolites and 18 proteins were significantly dysregulated due to sorafenib resistance in Hep3B cells compared to the parental phenotype. D-alanine, L-proline, o-tyrosine, succinic acid and phosphatidylcholine (PC, 16:0/16:0) were among the significantly altered metabolites. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1, mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, UDP-glucose-6-dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and calpain small subunit 1 were among the significantly altered proteins. The findings revealed that resistant Hep3B cells demonstrated significant alterations in amino acid and nucleotide metabolic pathways, energy production pathways and other pathways related to cancer aggressiveness, such as migration, proliferation and drug-resistance. Joint pathway enrichment analysis unveiled unique pathways, including the antifolate resistance pathway and other important pathways that maintain cancer cells' survival, growth, and proliferation. Collectively, the results identified potential biomarkers for sorafenib-resistant HCC and gave insights into their role in chemotherapeutic drug resistance, cancer initiation, progression and aggressiveness, which may contribute to better prognosis and chemotherapeutic outcomes.
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16
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Qian YJ, Pi WX, Zhu GF, Wei W, Lu TL, Mao CQ. Quality evaluation of raw and processed Corni Fructus by UHPLC-QTOF-MS and HPLC coupled with color determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 218:114842. [PMID: 35659656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Corni Fructus (CF), used for thousands of years in Asia as food and medicine, has different therapeutic effects before and after processing. In the past work, the quality assessment of Corni Fructus focused on the limited chemical compounds and rarely correlated external properties, such as color. The traditional sensory assessment relies partly on human eyes, which is quick but lacks objectivity. On a Shimadzu LC-20AD liquid chromatograph system equipped with a diode-array detector (DAD), we determined six major compounds (gallic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, morroniside, loganin, sweroside, and cornuside I). The extract was analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) after the solid-phase extraction (SPE) step. Totally 58 compounds in raw and processed Corni Fructus were identified in negative and positive ion modes according to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragments. Iridoids, carboxylic acids, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, fatty acids, saccharides, phospholipids, polysaccharide, amino acid, amide, furan, catechol, aldehyde, fatty alcohol and vitamin were included. A multivariate statistical analysis based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS filtered 17 differential compounds between raw and processed products. The CM-5 colorimeter was applied for digitizing surface and powder color. The contents of gallic acid, morroniside, loganin, cornuside I, and sweroside significantly correlated with color parameters in raw Corni Fructus, particularly adp* and bdp* , but not in processed products, according to Spearman correlation analysis. MS peak area of four compounds in raw products correlated significantly with color parameters Ldp* , adp* , bdp* , Lpd* , apd* , bpd* , respectively, while three compounds in processed products with Lpd* , apd* , bpd* . It revealed the relationship between compounds and color of Corni Fructus and the crucial compounds to color. In this study, we successfully developed a method for comprehensive quality evaluation of Corni Fructus that combines HPLC, UHPLC-QTOF-MS, and color determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Qian
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen-Xia Pi
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Guang-Fei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tu-Lin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun-Qin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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17
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Tsochatzis ED, Berggreen IE, Vidal NP, Roman L, Gika H, Corredig M. Cellular lipids and protein alteration during biodegradation of expanded polystyrene by mealworm larvae under different feeding conditions. Chemosphere 2022; 300:134420. [PMID: 35367488 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the biodegradation of polystyrene (PS) by mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) following different feeding regimes. Changes in lipids and protein were studied to evaluate possible differences in the growth and metabolic pathways of the insects depending on the diets. Thermo-gravimetric analysis of the excretions (frass) revealed a decrease in the molecular mass of the PS polymers. The insects' biomass contained less protein when PS was part of the diet, suggesting that the insects undergo a certain level of stress compared to control diets. The frass also contained lower amount of nitrogen content compared to that from insects fed a control diet. NH4+ and other cations involved in biochemical processes were also measured in insects' frass, including potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium, combined with a small pH change. The decrease in the mineral content of the frass was attributed to increased cellular activity in PS-fed insects. A higher amount of ceramides and cardiolipins, biomarkers of apoptosis, were also found in association with PS consumption. It was concluded that the insects could metabolize PS, but this caused an increase in its stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Tsochatzis
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - I E Berggreen
- Aarhus University, Department of Animal Science, Blichers Alle 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - N Prieto Vidal
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L Roman
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - H Gika
- Food Omics GR Research Infrastructure, AUTh Node, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, GR 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece; School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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18
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Wang B, Zhao X, Zhang B, Cui Y, Nueraihemaiti M, Kou Q, Luo H. Assessment of components related to flavor and taste in Tan-lamb meat under different silage-feeding regimens using integrative metabolomics. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100269. [PMID: 35252839 PMCID: PMC8892073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two untargeted metabolomics approaches based on gas chromatography mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify the effects of different feeding regimes (concentrate, corn silage, alfalfa silage, mulberry leaf silage) on the potential meat flavor and taste components of Tan-lamb. Among 31 identified volatiles, hexanal was affected by the alfalfa silage diet, and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid was changed by the mulberry leaf silage diet. l-Pipecolic acid (area under the curve = 1, fold change = 0.18-0.48) and trimethylamine N-oxide (area under the curve = 1, fold change = 5.26-22.84) was the potential best discriminant biomarker under alfalfa silage and concentrate feeding, respectively. The hydrophilic components were more readily changed by feeding regimes than volatile flavor compounds. Our findings are helpful for the illustration of Tan-lamb meat chemistry and producing high-quality lamb meat with improved flavor and taste by corn silage, alfalfa silage, or mulberry leaf silage.
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Key Words
- AS, alfalfa silage-based diet
- AUC, area under the curve
- CON, concentrate-based diet
- CS, corn silage-based diet
- DFMs, differential metabolites
- DVCs, differential volatile metabolites
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- FC, fold change
- Foodomics
- GC-MS, gas chromatograph-mass spectrograph
- IDA, information dependent acquisition
- IMF, intramuscular fat
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MS, mulberry leaf silage-based diet
- OPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLS-DA, partial least squares discriminant analysis
- QC, quality control
- RI, retention index
- SPME, solid-phase microextraction
- TMAO, Trimethylamine N-oxide
- Tan lamb meat
- UHPLC-QTOF-MS
- UHPLC-QTOF-MS, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- VIP, variable importance in the projection
- Volatiles
- Water-soluble flavor precursors
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xingang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yimeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muzaipaier Nueraihemaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Qifang Kou
- Ningxia Hongsipu District Tianyuan Liangzhong Sheep Breeding Co., Ltd., Wuzhong 751999, PR China
| | - Hailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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19
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Deshaies M, Lamari N, Ng CKY, Ward P, Doohan FM. The impact of chitosan on the early metabolomic response of wheat to infection by Fusarium graminearum. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:73. [PMID: 35183130 PMCID: PMC8857839 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitosan has shown potential for the control of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease caused by Fusarium graminearum. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of chitosan hydrochloride applied pre- or post-fungal inoculation on FHB and to better understand its' mode of action via an untargeted metabolomics study. RESULTS Chitosan inhibited fungal growth in vitro and, when sprayed on the susceptible wheat cultivar Remus 24 hours pre-inoculation with F. graminearum, it significantly reduced the number of infected spikelets at 7, 14 and 21 days post-inoculation. Chitosan pre-treatment also increased the average grain weight per head, the number of grains per head and the 1000-grain weight compared to the controls sprayed with water. No significant impact of chitosan on grain yield was observed when the plants were sprayed 24 hours post-inoculation with F. graminearum, even if it did result in a reduced number of infected spikelets at every time point. An untargeted metabolomic study using UHPLC-QTOF-MS on wheat spikes revealed that spraying the spikes with both chitosan and F. graminearum activated known FHB resistance pathways (e.g. jasmonic acid). Additionally, more metabolites were up- or down-regulated when both chitosan and F. graminearum spores were sprayed on the spikes (117), as compared with chitosan (51) or F. graminearum on their own (32). This included a terpene, a terpenoid and a liminoid previously associated with FHB resistance. CONCLUSIONS In this study we showed that chitosan hydrochloride inhibited the spore germination and hyphal development of F. graminearum in vitro, triggered wheat resistance against infection by F. graminearum when used as a pre-inoculant, and highlighted metabolites and pathways commonly and differentially affected by chitosan, the pathogen and both agents. This study provides insights into how chitosan might provide protection or stimulate wheat resistance to infection by F. graminearum. It also unveiled new putatively identified metabolites that had not been listed in previous FHB or chitosan-related metabolomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Deshaies
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Centre for Plant Science, and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, O'Brien Centre for Science, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Envirotech Innovative Products Ltd, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nadia Lamari
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Centre for Plant Science, and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, O'Brien Centre for Science, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Philip Morris International, Quai Jeanrenaud 3, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Carl K Y Ng
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Centre for Plant Science, and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, O'Brien Centre for Science, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Ward
- Envirotech Innovative Products Ltd, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona M Doohan
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Centre for Plant Science, and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, O'Brien Centre for Science, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
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20
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Hsu CJ, Ding WH. Determination of benzotriazole and benzothiazole derivatives in tea beverages by deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase microextraction and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 368:130798. [PMID: 34411854 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Benzotriazole (BTRs) and benzothiazole (BTHs) derivatives are a group of high production volume chemicals with emerging health concern, which found in tea beverages raising potential risks for food safety and human health. The present work describes a simple method using a "green" deep eutectic solvent (DES) based-ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase microextraction (UALPME) to rapidly extract BTRs and BTHs from tea beverages, and then applying UHPLC-electrospray ionization (+)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for detection and quantification. To overcome the challenges related to different experimental conditions, a Factorial Multilevel Categoric Design and a Face Centered Central Composite Design were applied to screen and optimize the parameters for the DES-UALPME procedure, respectively. After optimization, the method was validated and shown to possess low limits of quantification (LOQs; 1.5-12 ng mL-1), high precision (3-13%), and satisfactory accuracy (65-107%). The developed method was then successfully applied for the analysis of some selected BTRs and BTHs in tea beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jui Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Hsien Ding
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan.
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21
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Xue Y, Sheng Y, Wang J, Huang Q, Zhang F, Wen Y, Liu S, Jiang Y. Fast Screening and Identification of Illegal Adulterated Glucocorticoids in Dietary Supplements and Herbal Products Using UHPLC-QTOF-MS With All-Ion Fragmentation Acquisition Combined With Characteristic Fragment Ion List Classification. Front Chem 2021; 9:785475. [PMID: 34957047 PMCID: PMC8702623 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.785475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) with all-ion fragmentation (AIF) acquisition was established for an identification and quantification of illegal adulterated glucocorticoids in dietary supplements and herbal products. Next, a novel method called characteristic fragment ion list classification (CFILC) was developed for a fast screening of adulterated compounds. CFILC could provide the characteristic ions comprehensively and completely through direct extract from the MS2 library instead of finding them manually. This is time-saving and provides fast screening results with a high confidence level by filtering of a pre-calculated threshold of similarity scores for illegal adulterants that are not included in the library as well as for new emerging structural analogs. The obtained results demonstrated the great qualitative and quantitative strength of this approach, providing a promising and powerful method for a routine fast screening of illegal adulterated glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanghao Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Bellassi P, Rocchetti G, Maldarizzi G, Braceschi GP, Morelli L, Lucini L, Cappa F. Case Study on the Microbiological Quality, Chemical and Sensorial Profiles of Different Dairy Creams and Ricotta Cheese during Shelf-Life. Foods 2021; 10:2722. [PMID: 34829003 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the microbiological quality and chemical profiles of two different dairy creams obtained by centrifugation vs. natural creaming separation systems. To this aim, an untargeted metabolomics approach based on UHPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry was used in combination with multivariate statistical tools to find potential marker compounds of the two different types of two dairy creams. Thereafter, we evaluated the chemical, microbiological and sensorial changes of a ricotta cheese made with a 30% milk cream (i.e., made by combining dairy creams from centrifugation and natural creaming separation) during its shelf-life period (12 days). Overall, microbiological analysis revealed no significant differences between the two types of dairy creams. On the contrary, the trend observed in the growth of degradative bacteria in ricotta during shelf-life was significant. Metabolomics revealed that triacylglycerols and phospholipids showed significant strong down-accumulation trends when comparing samples from the centrifugation and natural creaming separation methods. Additionally, 2,3-Pentanedione was among the best discriminant compounds characterising the shelf-life period of ricotta cheese (VIP score = 1.02), mainly related to sensorial descriptors, such as buttery and cheesy. Multivariate statistics showed a clear impact of the shelf-life period on the ricotta cheese, revealing 139 potential marker compounds (mainly included in amino acids and lipids). Therefore, the approach used showed the potential of a combined metabolomic, microbiological and sensory approach to discriminate ricotta cheese during the shelf-life period.
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23
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Bai Y, Song Y, Zhang J, Fu S, Wu L, Xia C, Xu C. GC/MS and LC/MS Based Serum Metabolomic Analysis of Dairy Cows With Ovarian Inactivity. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:678388. [PMID: 34490390 PMCID: PMC8417594 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.678388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders may lead to the inactive ovaries of dairy cows during early lactation. However, the detailed metabolic profile of dairy cows with inactive ovaries around 55 days postpartum has not been clearly elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic difference in cows with inactive ovaries and estrus from the perspective of serum metabolites. According to clinical manifestations, B-ultrasound scan, rectal examination, 15 cows were assigned to the estrus group (E; follicular diameter 15–20 mm) and 15 to the inactive ovary group (IO; follicular diameter <8 mm and increased <2 mm within 5 days over two examinations). The blood was collected from the tail vein of the cow to separate serum 55–60 days postpartum, and then milked and fasted in the morning. Serum samples were analyzed using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology (GC-TOF-MS) and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). Differences in serum metabolites were identified using multivariate statistical analysis and univariate analysis. Thirty differentially abundant metabolites were identified between the two groups. In cows with inactive ovaries compared with cows in estrus, 20 serum metabolites were significantly higher (beta-cryptoxanthin (p = 0.0012), 9-cis-retinal (p = 0.0030), oxamic acid (p = 0.0321), etc.) while 10 metabolites were significantly lower (monostearin (p = 0.0001), 3-hydroxypropionic acid (p = 0.0005), D-talose (p = 0.0018), etc.). Pathway analysis indicated that the serum differential metabolites of multiparous cows in estrus obtained by the two metabolomics techniques were mainly involved in β-alanine metabolism and steroid biosynthesis metabolism, while other involved metabolic pathways were related to metabolism of glyoxylate; dicarboxylate metabolism; fructose, mannose, glutathione, glycerolipid, glycine, serine, threonine, propanoate, retinol, and pyrimidine metabolism. This indicates that the abnormalities in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism of postpartum dairy cows obstructed follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuxi Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, China
| | - Shixin Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Ling Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Cheng Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
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24
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Li YJ, Ding WH. Determination of benzotriazole and benzothiazole derivatives in human urine by eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction followed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Environ Pollut 2021; 284:117530. [PMID: 34261225 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzotriazole (BTRs) and benzothiazole (BTHs) derivatives have been classified as high production volume pollutants of emerging concern. The present work describes a rapid and simple process using an eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (DES) based-ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (DES-UALLME) technique to effectively extract five BTRs and four BTHs in human urine samples, and then applying ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization (+)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI(+)-QTOF-MS) for their detection and quantification. DESs are a group of novel "green" solvents, and their applications in sample pretreatment are appropriate for the requirements for green chemistry, environmental protection and sustainable development. Furthermore, to overcome the challenges related to different experimental conditions, multivariate experimental design approaches conducted by means of a multilevel categorical design and a Box-Behnken Design were applied to screen and optimize parameters that have significant influences on the extraction efficiency of DES-UALLME. After optimization, the method was validated and shown to possess low limits of quantitation (LOQs; 0.4 - 9 ng mL-1), high precision (3-12%), and high accuracy (mean spiked recoveries; 80-101%). The developed method was then successfully applied for the analysis of BTRs and BTHs in human urine samples. Interestingly, 5,6-dimethyl-1H-benzotriazole (XTR) was detected in almost all of the urine samples, which correlates with its high production and widely applications in industry processes and consumer products in Taiwan. These target analytes could potentially be used as biomarkers to assess exposure of BTRs and BTHs in biomonitoring programs and studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Jou Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Hsien Ding
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li, 320, Taiwan.
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25
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Ben Hassine A, Rocchetti G, Zhang L, Senizza B, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Ben-Attia M, Rouphael Y, Lucini L, El-Bok S. Untargeted Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Capacity and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Cultivated and Wild Lupin Seeds from Tunisia. Molecules 2021; 26:3452. [PMID: 34200152 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupin seeds can represent a valuable source of phenolics and other antioxidant compounds. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical profile was performed on seeds from three Lupinus species, including one cultivar (Lupinus albus) and two wild accessions (Lupinus cossentinii and Lupinus luteus), collected from the northern region of Tunisia. Untargeted metabolomic profiling allowed to identify 249 compounds, with a great abundance of phenolics and alkaloids. In this regard, the species L. cossentinii showed the highest phenolic content, being 6.54 mg/g DW, followed by L. luteus (1.60 mg/g DW) and L. albus (1.14 mg/g DW). The in vitro antioxidant capacity measured by the ABTS assay on seed extracts ranged from 4.67 to 17.58 mg trolox equivalents (TE)/g, recording the highest values for L. albus and the lowest for L. luteus. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.39 to 3.50 mg TE/g. FRAP values varied between 4.11 and 5.75 mg TE/g. CUPRAC values for lupin seeds ranged from 7.20 to 8.95 mg TE/g, recording the highest for L. cossentinii. The results of phosphomolybdenum assay and metal chelation showed similarity between the three species of Lupinus. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity was detected in each methanolic extract analyzed with similar results. Regarding the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme, it was weakly inhibited by the Lupinus extracts; in particular, the highest activity values were recorded for L. albus (1.74 mg GALAE/g). Overall, our results showed that L. cossentinii was the most abundant source of polyphenols, consisting mainly in tyrosol equivalents (5.82 mg/g DW). Finally, significant correlations were outlined between the phenolic compounds and the in vitro biological activity measured, particularly when considering flavones, phenolic acids and lower-molecular-weight phenolics.
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26
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Qiu S, Tu Y, Huang D, Dong Z, Huang M, Cheng J, Tan J, Chen W, Sun L, Chen W. Selection of appropriate post-harvest processing methods based on the metabolomics analysis of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110366. [PMID: 34053559 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Post-harvest processing is a leading cause of metabolic changes and quality loss in food products. An untargeted metabolomics approach based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS was conducted to explain metabolic changes during post-harvest processing of Salvia miltiorrhiza. A rapid identification method was established for comprehensive characterization of 56 phenolic acids and 45 tanshinones. Enzymatic browning was found to be the primary factor impacting the metabolic profile. A decreasing in free phenolic acids along with increasing in bound polyphenols was observed correlated with the deepening of browning degree. The various substructures of bound polyphenols were explored to interpret the composition of browning-associated products. It has also been found that the steaming process and control of the moisture content during slicing can effectively reduce the influence of enzymatic browning. This metabolomics study will contribute to select the optimal post-harvest processing methods for S. miltiorrhiza and provide information for post-harvest processing of similar products.
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27
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Guo N, Chen Y, Yang X, Yan H, Fan B, Quan J, Wang M, Yang H. Urinary metabolomic profiling reveals difference between two traditional Chinese medicine subtypes of coronary heart disease. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122808. [PMID: 34218095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization has shown that coronary heart disease (CHD) is a more common cause of death than cancer. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), CHD is classified as a form of thoracic obstruction that can be divided in different subtypes including Qi stagnation with blood stasis (QS) and Qi deficiency with blood stasis (QD). Different treatment strategies are used based on this subtyping. Owing to the lack of scientific markers in the diagnosis of these subtypes, subjective judgments made by clinicians have limited the objective manner for utility of TCM in the treatment of CHD. Untargeted (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) and targeted (UHPLC-MS/MS) metabolomics approaches were employed to search significantly different metabolites related to the QS or QD subtypes of CHD with angina pectoris in this study. A total of 42 metabolites were obtained in the untargeted metabolomics analysis and 34 amino acids were detected in the targeted metabolomics analysis. In total, 16 metabolites were found significantly different among different groups. The results showed distinct metabolic profiles of urine samples not only between CHD patients and healthy controls, but also between the two subtypes of CHD. Pathway analysis of the significantly varied metabolites revealed that there were subtype-related differences in the activity of pathways. Therefore, urinary metabolomics can reveal the pathological changes of CHD in different subtypes, make the diagnosis of CHD in different subtypes in an objective manner and comprehensive and contribute to personalized treatment by providing scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Center for Post-doctoral Research, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd, Shandong 276006, China
| | - Yangan Chen
- LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Han Yan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Bin Fan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jianye Quan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mei Wang
- LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, the Netherlands; SU BioMedicine, Post Bus 546, 2300 AM Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Wang X, He Q, Chen Q, Xue B, Wang J, Wang T, Liu H, Chen X. Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics to study the mechanism of Shenyan Kangfu Tablets in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 270:113817. [PMID: 33444720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenyan Kangfu Tablets (SYKFT) is a traditional prescription evolved from Shenqi Pills. It has been included in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber for more than 2000 years. SYKFT was listed as a national Chinese medicine protected class by the China Food and Drug Administration. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious microvascular diseases caused by diabetes and is also one of the important factors leading to the death of patients. The pathogenesis of DN is diverse and complex, and there is no particularly effective drug treatment. There is clinical evidence that SYKFT has a good therapeutic effect on DN with no obvious adverse effects, but the mechanism of treatment is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, network pharmacology was combined with metabolomics technology to explore the mechanism of SYKFT in the treatment of DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the research team conducted a qualitative study of the chemical components contained in SYKFT, and carried out network pharmacology to search for potential targets based on the characterized chemical components. Second, we analysed the metabolic profile of db/db mouse urine based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS technology, and biomarkers were identified by multivariate statistical analysis. Then, we performed further pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, the results of metabolomics and network pharmacology were conjointly analysed. RESULTS Seventy-five chemical components of SYKFT were identified. According to the TCMSP database, the corresponding targets of the qualitatively identified components were searched, and a total of 36 potentially active components and 160 targets related to DN were obtained. A total of 38 biomarkers were found in metabolomics based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS technology. Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and starch and sucrose metabolism are the most related pathways, the former of which has been rarely reported concerning DN. Finally, the results of the joint analysis show that two targets, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and maltase glucoamylase (MGAM), are the overlapping targets. It means they are not only the related targets of pathways involved in potential biomarkers in metabolomics but also the intersection targets of diseases and drugs identified by network pharmacology. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals that the potential mechanism of SYKFT is most related to insulin resistance (IR) in the treatment of DN. It also proves that network pharmacology combined with metabolomics to find the mechanisms by which herbs treat complex diseases is a feasible tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qiaoyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Beibei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300385, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Zhang L, Saber FR, Rocchetti G, Zengin G, Hashem MM, Lucini L. UHPLC-QTOF-MS based metabolomics and biological activities of different parts of Eriobotrya japonica. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110242. [PMID: 33992354 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Eriobotrya japonica, commonly known as loquat, has been used traditionally for the treatment of different diseases. Herein, untargeted profiling based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) was used to depict the phytochemical profile of loquat roots, leaves, stems, seeds, and fruits. This allowed the tentative annotation of 349 compounds, representing different phytochemical classes that included flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, stilbenes, and terpenoids. Among others, low molecular weight phenolics (tyrosol derivatives) and terpenoids were the most abundant phytochemicals. After that, in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibition assays were applied to investigate the biological activity of the different organs of Eriobotrya japonica. Roots of E. japonica exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, showing 181.88, 275.48, 325.18, 169.74 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g in DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays, respectively. Furthermore, the root extract of E. japonica strongly inhibited butyryl cholinesterase (3.64 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g), whereas leaves, stems, seeds, and fruits showed comparable inhibition of both acetyl and butyryl cholinesterases. All the investigated organs of E. japonica exhibited in vitro tyrosinase inhibition (57.27-71.61 mg Kojic Acid Equivalent (KAE)/g). Our findings suggest a potential food and pharmaceutical exploitation of different organs of E. japonica (mainly roots) in terms of enrichment with health-promoting phenolics and triterpenes.
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Rocchetti G, Braceschi GP, Odello L, Bertuzzi T, Trevisan M, Lucini L. Identification of markers of sensory quality in ground coffee: an untargeted metabolomics approach. Metabolomics 2020; 16:127. [PMID: 33315148 PMCID: PMC7736008 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last years, consumers increased the demand for high-quality and healthy beverages, including coffee. To date, among the techniques potentially available to determine the overall quality of coffee beverages, metabolomics is emerging as a valuable tool. OBJECTIVE In this study, 47 ground coffee samples were selected during the 2018 Edition of the "International coffee tasting" (ICT) in order to provide discrimination based on both chemical and sensory profiles. In particular, 20 samples received a gold medal ("high quality" group), while lower sensory scores characterized 27 samples (without medal). METHODS Untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight (UHPLC-QTOF) and head space-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry platforms followed by multivariate statistical approaches (i.e., both supervised and unsupervised) were used to provide new insight into the searching of potential markers of sensory quality. RESULTS Several compounds were identified, including polyphenols, alkaloids, diazines, and Maillard reaction products. Also, the headspace/GC-MS highlighted the most important volatile compounds. Polyphenols were scarcely correlated to the sensory parameters, whilst the OPLS-DA models built using typical coffee metabolites and volatile/Maillard compounds possessed prediction values > 0.7. The "high quality" group showed specific metabolomic signatures, thus corroborating the results from the sensory analysis. Overall, methyl pentanoate (ROC value = 0.78), 2-furfurylthiol (ROC value = 0.75), and L-Homoserine (ROC value = 0.74) established the higher number of significant (p < 0.05) correlations with the sensory parameters. CONCLUSION Although ad-hoc studies are advisable to further confirm the proposed markers, this study demonstrates the suitability of untargeted metabolomics for evaluating coffee quality and the potential correlations with the sensory attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Braceschi
- Centro Studi Assaggiatori Società Cooperativa, Galleria V. Veneto, 9, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Odello
- Centro Studi Assaggiatori Società Cooperativa, Galleria V. Veneto, 9, Brescia, Italy
| | - Terenzio Bertuzzi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marco Trevisan
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
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Wang X, Gao Y, Tian Y, Liu X, Zhang G, Wang Q, Xie W, Liu K, Qian Q, Wang Q. Integrative serum metabolomics and network analysis on mechanisms exploration of Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan Decoction on doxorubicin-induced heart failure mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 250:112397. [PMID: 31830550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan Decoction (LGZGD) formula, derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of heart failure (HF) in China. However, little is known of the underlying mechanism of LGZGD. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this work was to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of LGZGD on HF treatment based on an integration of the serum metabolomics and network analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS HF model mice were established by intraperitoneal injecting of doxorubicin. Body weight, echocardiography, biochemical assay and hematoxylin and eosin staining experiments were used to evaluate the efficacy of LGZGD. A metabolomics approach based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) was performed to analyze the serum biomarkers from model group, control group and LGZGD-treatment group. Principle component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were utilized to identify differences of metabolic profiles in mice among the three groups. The network of "gene-enzyme-metabolite" was built to investigate the possible mechanism of LGZGD from the systematic perspective. RESULTS 54 metabolites, which showed a significantly restoring trend from HF to normal condition, were regarded as potential biomarkers of LGZGD treatment. The most critical pathway was glycerophospholipid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism. According to the results of network analysis, 8 biomarkers were regarded as hub metabolites, which meant these metabolites may have a major relationship with the LGZGD therapeutic effects for the HF. 8 enzymes and 29 genes in the network were considered as potential targets of LGZGD treatment. CONCLUSIONS By integrated serum metabolomic and network analysis, we found that LGZGD might retard the pathological process of HF by regulating the disturbed metabolic pathways and the relative enzymes, which may be potential mechanism for LGZGD in the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yanhua Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Guanhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qi Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
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Liu WX, Cheng XL, Guo XH, Hu XR, Wei F, Ma SC. Identification of Calculus Bovis and its mixed varieties by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS) combined with the principal component analysis (PCA) method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 179:112979. [PMID: 31825798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The method of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS) was established and combined with principal component analysis (PCA) to identify natural Calculus Bovis, in vitro cultured Calculus Bovis and artificial Calculus Bovis. PCA, which was particularly powerful in dealing with multicollinearity and variables that outnumber the samples, was used to analyze the UHPLC-MS data of the processed samples, and potential markers were analyzed and described based on orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. According to the results in this study, the approach of combining UHPLC-QTOF-MS with PCA was proven to be credible and could be used to identify Calculus Bovis from in vitro cultured Calculus Bovis and artificial Calculus Bovis and to determine if there is Calculus Bovis in patented Chinese medicines that should contained Calculus Bovis medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xi Liu
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 9, Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Han Guo
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Hu
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Research and Inspection Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No.2, Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 9, Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Rocchetti G, Senizza B, Putnik P, Bursać Kovačević D, Barba FJ, Trevisan M, Lucini L. Untargeted screening of the bound / free phenolic composition in tomato cultivars for industrial transformation. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:6173-6181. [PMID: 31250429 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato is one of the most important agricultural crops and it is characterized by a wide bioactive compound profile. However, little information is reported on its comprehensive polyphenol profile. In this work, 13 commercial tomato cultivars for industrial transformation were screened by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) for both free and bound phenolic profiles. Thereafter, the in vitro antioxidant activity of each cultivar was assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance activity (ORAC) assays. Multivariate statistics, i.e. orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were then used to model samples according to their distinct phenolic signatures, thus providing compounds that better discriminated between the distributions of the cultivars that were considered. RESULTS More than 350 phenolic compounds could be identified across the samples that were considered: flavonoids (such as flavones and flavanols), hydroxycinnamic acids, lignans, and lower-molecular-weight phenolics were the most frequently observed classes of phenolics in tomato berries. Anthocyanins were the most abundant class among bound phenolics (being highest in the Leader F1 and Defender F1 cultivars), followed by tyrosols (mainly in Heinz cultivars). However, flavones and hydroxybenzoic acids were the most represented discriminant phenolics in the bound fraction. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted metabolomics allowed significant differences in phenolic composition to be outlined across the tomato cultivars that were analyzed. Such differences were particularly evident regarding the free-to-bound phenolic ratio, hence allowing differences in the bioaccessibility of phenolics to be postulated. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Marco Trevisan
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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Liu P, Yin Y, Gong Y, Qiu X, Sun Y, Tan L, Song C, Liu W, Liao Y, Meng C, Ding C. In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolomic Profiling after Infection with Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100962. [PMID: 31635316 PMCID: PMC6832399 DOI: 10.3390/v11100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is an acute, febrile, highly contagious disease caused by the virulent Newcastle disease virus (vNDV). The disease causes serious economic losses to the poultry industry. However, the metabolic changes caused by vNDV infection remain unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the metabolomic profiling after infection with vNDV. DF-1 cells infected with the vNDV strain Herts/33 and the lungs from Herts/33-infected specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were analyzed via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) in combination with multivariate statistical analysis. A total of 305 metabolites were found to have changed significantly after Herts/33 infection, and most of them belong to the amino acid and nucleotide metabolic pathway. It is suggested that the increased pools of amino acids and nucleotides may benefit viral protein synthesis and genome amplification to promote NDV infection. Similar results were also confirmed in vivo. Identification of these metabolites will provide information to further understand the mechanism of vNDV replication and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panrao Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Yuncong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yabin Gong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Geijsen AJ, Brezina S, Keski‐Rahkonen P, Baierl A, Bachleitner‐Hofmann T, Bergmann MM, Boehm J, Brenner H, Chang‐Claude J, van Duijnhoven FJ, Gigic B, Gumpenberger T, Hofer P, Hoffmeister M, Holowatyj AN, Karner‐Hanusch J, Kok DE, Leeb G, Ulvik A, Robinot N, Ose J, Stift A, Schrotz‐King P, Ulrich AB, Ueland PM, Kampman E, Scalbert A, Habermann N, Gsur A, Ulrich CM. Plasma metabolites associated with colorectal cancer: A discovery-replication strategy. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1221-1231. [PMID: 30665271 PMCID: PMC6614008 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is known to arise from multiple tumorigenic pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms remain not completely understood. Metabolomics is becoming an increasingly popular tool in assessing biological processes. Previous metabolomics research focusing on colorectal cancer is limited by sample size and did not replicate findings in independent study populations to verify robustness of reported findings. Here, we performed a ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) screening on EDTA plasma from 268 colorectal cancer patients and 353 controls using independent discovery and replication sets from two European cohorts (ColoCare Study: n = 180 patients/n = 153 controls; the Colorectal Cancer Study of Austria (CORSA) n = 88 patients/n = 200 controls), aiming to identify circulating plasma metabolites associated with colorectal cancer and to improve knowledge regarding colorectal cancer etiology. Multiple logistic regression models were used to test the association between disease state and metabolic features. Statistically significant associated features in the discovery set were taken forward and tested in the replication set to assure robustness of our findings. All models were adjusted for sex, age, BMI and smoking status and corrected for multiple testing using False Discovery Rate. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from questionnaires and medical records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J.M.R. Geijsen
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Brezina
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | | | - Andreas Baierl
- Department of Statistics and Operations ResearchUniversity of ViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Juergen Boehm
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUT
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Preventive OncologyNational Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jenny Chang‐Claude
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Biljana Gigic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergGermany
| | - Tanja Gumpenberger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Philipp Hofer
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreana N. Holowatyj
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUT
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | | | - Dieuwertje E. Kok
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer Ose
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUT
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Anton Stift
- Department of SurgeryMedical University ViennaAustria
| | - Petra Schrotz‐King
- Division of Preventive OncologyNational Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
| | - Alexis B. Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Biomarkers GroupInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Nina Habermann
- Division of Preventive OncologyNational Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
- Genome BiologyEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Cornelia M. Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUT
- Department of Population Health SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
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Liang MY, Wang YZ, Qiao X, Lu YW, Chen MH, Li P, Wen XD, Yang J. Structural characterisation and discrimination of the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and Paris polyphylla var. chinensis by UHPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with multivariate data analysis. Phytochem Anal 2019; 30:437-446. [PMID: 30816611 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As sources of Rhizoma Paridis are facing shortages, utilising the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla has emerged as a promising additional source. However, the components in the aerial parts still need to be explored, and it is difficult to distinguish the aerial parts of P. polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (PPY) and P. polyphylla var. chinensis (PPC), two varieties of P. polyphylla. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to establish a comprehensive platform to characterise steroid saponins from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC and to discriminate these two varieties. METHODOLOGY A dereplication approach and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis were used for the characterisation of steroidal saponins in the aerial parts of PPY and PPC. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to differentiate these two varieties and screen discriminant variables. In addition, a genetic algorithm-optimised for support vector machines (GA-SVM) model was developed to predict P. polyphylla samples. The distribution of steroidal saponins in PPY and PPC was visualised by a heatmap. RESULTS A total of 102 compounds were characterised from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC by dereplication. A clear separation of PPY and PPC was achieved, and 35 saponins were screened as marker compounds. The established GA-SVM model showed excellent prediction performance with a prediction accuracy of 100%. CONCLUSIONS Many steroid saponins that have been reported in Rhizoma Paridis also exist in the aerial parts of P. polyphylla. Samples from the aerial parts of PPY and PPC could be discriminated using our platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Goodla L, Manubolu M, Pathakoti K, Jayakumar T, Sheu JR, Fraker M, Tchounwou PB, Poondamalli PR. Protective Effects of Ammannia baccifera Against CCl 4-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E1440. [PMID: 31018559 PMCID: PMC6517918 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ammannia baccifera Linn. is commonly used as a traditional medicine in India and China. The antioxidant potential of an ethanolic extract of A. baccifera (EEAB; 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) was evaluated against CCL4-induced toxicity in rats. Antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Phytochemical constituents of EEAB were also analyzed by using UHPLC-QTOF-MS. EEAB treatment markedly reduced CCl4 effects on lipid peroxidation, cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and protein carbonyls. It increased the levels of phospholipids, total sulfhydryl, and antioxidant enzymes, which were reduced by CCl4 intoxication. Treatment with EEAB significantly alleviated the CCl4 effect on non-enzymatic antioxidants. Isoenzyme pattern analyses revealed that significant alterations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx2, GPx3), and catalase (CAT) occurred in rats that were exposed to CCl4 and restored post EEAB treatment. Moreover, CCl4-induced down regulation of SOD, CAT, and GPx gene expression was conversely counteracted by EEAB. Its bioactivity may be due to its incorporation of major compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, protocatechuic acid, lamioside, crocetin, and khayasin C. These results suggest that EEAB may be used as a potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent since it is a rich source of flavonoids and phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Goodla
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India.
| | - Manjunath Manubolu
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
| | - Kavitha Pathakoti
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Jeon-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Mike Fraker
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of saponins on the rumen microbiota and the ruminal metabolome. Alfalfa hay (AH) and soybean hulls (SH) were used as fiber sources for the control diets. The AH and SH diets were supplemented with tea saponins resulting in two additional diets named AHS and SHS, respectively. These 4 diets were fed to 24 young male Holstein cattle (n = 6 per diet). After 28 days of feeding, the rumen fluid from these cattle was collected using an oral stomach tube. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) were used to investigate the changes in the ruminal microbes and their metabolites. The relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 increased, while Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20 decreased in SHS and AHS compared to SH and AHS, respectively. Feeding SHS resulted in higher ruminal concentrations of squalene, lanosterol, 3-phenylpropanoic acid, and citrulline compared to SH. The different microbial genes predicted by Tax4Fun were involved in amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. The pathways of arginine and proline metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism were enriched by different metabolites. Moreover, in the SH group, a positive correlation was observed between Prevotella_1 (Bacteroidetes), Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 (Bacteroidetes), and Christensenellaceae_R.7 (Firmicutes), and the metabolites, including citrulline, lanosterol, and squalene. The increased abundances of Prevotella_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG.002, and Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 might result in increased fiber digestion and nutrient utilization but nutrient digestion was not measured in the current study. In summary, saponins have the ability to modulate the ruminal microbial community and ruminal metabolites and thus affect the rumen environment. However, the response seems to be dependent on the composition of the basal diet. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the microbial and biochemical changes in the rumen of cattle fed saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Peng Ma
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yu Diao
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Paul D, Surendran S, Chandrakala P, Satheeshkumar N. An assessment of the impact of green tea extract on palbociclib pharmacokinetics using a validated UHPLC-QTOF-MS method. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4469. [PMID: 30549069 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Green tea extracts (GTE) has been reported to be a kinase inhibitor and modulator for various drug metabolizing enzymes. It may give synergetic antioncogenic effect, but with a possibility of pharmacokinetic interactions with various co-administered anticancer agents like palbociclib (PAL), a selective inhibitor of CDK-4/6 primarily metabolized by CYP3A enzyme. To explore the impact of GTE on PAL pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats, a rapid and sensitive UHPLC-QTOF-MS method was established. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column using a gradient mobile phase system consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. Sample preparation was based on a simple protein precipitation method. Estimation of target ions [M + H]+ at m/z 448.2455 for PAL and m/z 441.2044 for ibrutinib (IS) was performed in selective ion mode ESI-HRMS. Good sensitivity (1.0 ng/mL) and linearity over a wide concentration range of 1-2000 ng/mL was exhibited by the method. The results indicated that the administration of GTE resulted in decreased oral bioavailability of PAL in both short- and long-term conditions. However, when both conditions were compared, the variation was less for the peak concentration and area under the concentration-time curve level of PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Paul
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shruti Surendran
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Patheparapu Chandrakala
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nanjappan Satheeshkumar
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Qiu S, Avula B, Guan S, Rao Ravu R, Wang M, Zhao J, Khan IA, Hinchee M, Li XC. Identification of fusaricidins from the antifungal microbial strain Paenibacillus sp. MS2379 using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1586:91-100. [PMID: 30558848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Paenibacillus sp. MS2379 is a highly efficient microbial strain producing fusaricidins, a class of lipopeptides that have demonstrated strong antifungal activities against a broad array of fungal pathogens. An integrated approach combining chromatographic fractionation, UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis, and NMR spectroscopic interpretation was employed to characterize antifungal metabolites produced by this microbial strain, resulting in the identification of 48 fusaricidins including 30 cyclic and 18 open-chain species. In this regard, UHPLC-QTOF-MS played a vital role in determining structures of 28 new fusaricidins through peptide fragment analysis. The structural determination of the new fusaricidins by the high-resolution mass spectrometry was validated by follow-up isolation and NMR spectroscopic analysis of representative compounds. It is worth noting that novel fusaricidins with amino acid residues of serine and γ-aminobutyric acid were identified, which is of great biosynthetic significance for this biologically important class of compounds. The present study again illustrates the power of UHPLC-QTOF-MS for structural identification of lipopeptides, and the structural diversity of the identified fusaricidins makes this microbial strain unique as a potential biocontrol agent.
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Geng Z, Liu Y, Gou Y, Zhou Q, He C, Guo L, Zhou J, Xiong L. Metabolomics Study of Cultivated Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae at Different Growth Stages using UHPLC-QTOF-MS Coupled with Multivariate Data Analysis. Phytochem Anal 2018; 29:290-299. [PMID: 29336082 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae (known as Chuān bèi mǔ in China, BFC) contain fritillaria steroidal alkaloids as the bioactive ingredients and are widely used as traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cough and phlegm. Due to limited wild resources, the cultivated species are becoming predominantly used in Chinese traditional medicine markets. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of different growth stages on the alkaloids of cultivated BFC and establish a reference for quality control and guidance for appropriate harvesting practices. METHODS The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) metabolomic strategy was applied to determine potential chemical markers for the discrimination and quality control of cultivated BFC in different growth stages. The molecular feature extraction and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to alkaloid extraction and full metabolomic profiling of cultivated BFC for classification and marker compound characterisation. RESULT This approach allowed the establishment of a fast and efficient comparative multivariate analysis of the metabolite composition of 42 samples covering growth of cultivated BFC ranging in age from one to seven years old. Four alkaloid compounds were identified in cultivated BFC based on accurate mass, retention time, and MS/MS fragments. These compounds may be used as potential chemical markers for the classification and discrimination of cultivated BFC samples indifferent growth stages. CONCLUSIONS The proposed analytical method in combination with multivariate statistical analysis comprised a useful and powerful strategy to explore the chemical ingredients and transforming mechanisms of cultivated BFC and for quality evaluation and control. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Geng
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, 611731, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - YiFei Liu
- Department of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gou
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, 611731, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - QinMei Zhou
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - ChengJun He
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, 611731, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Li Guo
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, 611731, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xiong
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Hou H, Chen H, Liu Y, Wang A, Hu Q. Serum metabolomics of laryngeal cancer based on liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4181. [PMID: 29272549 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new laryngeal cancer-related metabolite biomarkers could help to facilitate early diagnosis. A serum metabolomics study from laryngeal cancer patients and healthy individuals was conducted using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to discriminate laryngeal cancer patients and healthy individuals. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (LysoPC 16:0), 1-o-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAF) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were found to be significantly different between the laryngeal cancer group and the healthy group. They are mainly involved in phospholipids catabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, α-linoleic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism. The area under the curve of the biomarker combined by two metabolites (LysoPC 16:0 and PAF) was 0.935, the sensitivity was 0.962 and the specificity was 0.825. LysoPC 16:0 and PAF may show diagnostic potential for laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Zhang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - An Wang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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Wang Z, Cao Y, Ge N, Liu X, Chang Q, Fan C, Pang GF. Wide-scope screening of pesticides in fruits and vegetables using information-dependent acquisition employing UHPLC-QTOF-MS and automated MS/MS library searching. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7795-810. [PMID: 27558104 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an application of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) for simultaneous screening and identification of 427 pesticides in fresh fruit and vegetable samples. Both full MS scan mode for quantification, and an artificial-intelligence-based product ion scan mode information-dependent acquisition (IDA) providing automatic MS to MS/MS switching of product ion spectra for identification, were conducted by one injection. A home-in collision-induced-dissociation all product ions accurate mass spectra library containing more than 1700 spectra was developed prior to actual application. Both qualitative and quantitative validations of the method were carried out. The result showed that 97.4 % of the pesticides had the screening detection limit (SDL) less than 50 μg kg-1 and more than 86.7 % could be confirmed by accurate MS/MS spectra embodied in the home-made library. Meanwhile, calibration curves covering two orders of magnitude were performed, and they were linear over the concentration range studied for the selected matrices (from 5 to 500 μg kg-1 for most of the pesticides). Recoveries between 80 and 110 % in four matrices (apple, orange, tomato, and spinach) at two spiked levels, 10 and 100 μg kg-1, was 88.7 or 86.8 %. Furthermore, the overall relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 12) for 94.3 % of the pesticides in 10 μg kg-1 and 98.1 % of the pesticides in 100 μg kg-1 spiked levels was less than 20 %. In order to validate the suitability for routine analysis, the method was applied to 448 fruit and vegetable samples purchased in different local markets. The results show 83.3 % of the analyzed samples have positive findings (higher than the limits of identification and quantification), and 412 commodity-pesticide combinations are identified in our scope. The approach proved to be a cost-effective, time-saving and powerful strategy for routine large-scope screening of pesticides.
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Hsu PC, Lan RS, Brasky TM, Marian C, Cheema AK, Ressom HW, Loffredo CA, Pickworth WB, Shields PG. Metabolomic profiles of current cigarette smokers. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:594-606. [PMID: 27341184 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Smoking-related biomarkers for lung cancer and other diseases are needed to enhance early detection strategies and to provide a science base for tobacco product regulation. An untargeted metabolomics approach by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) totaling 957 assays was used in a novel experimental design where 105 current smokers smoked two cigarettes 1 h apart. Blood was collected immediately before and after each cigarette allowing for within-subject replication. Dynamic changes of the metabolomic profiles from smokers' four blood samples were observed and biomarkers affected by cigarette smoking were identified. Thirty-one metabolites were definitively shown to be affected by acute effect of cigarette smoking, uniquely including menthol-glucuronide, the reduction of glutamate, oleamide, and 13 glycerophospholipids. This first time identification of a menthol metabolite in smokers' blood serves as proof-of-principle for using metabolomics to identify new tobacco-exposure biomarkers, and also provides new opportunities in studying menthol-containing tobacco products in humans. Gender and race differences also were observed. Network analysis revealed 12 molecules involved in cancer, notably inhibition of cAMP. These novel tobacco-related biomarkers provide new insights to the effects of smoking which may be important in carcinogenesis but not previously linked with tobacco-related diseases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ching Hsu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Renny S Lan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Catalin Marian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC
| | - Habtom W Ressom
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC
| | | | | | - Peter G Shields
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Onghena M, Van Hoeck E, Van Loco J, Ibáñez M, Cherta L, Portolés T, Pitarch E, Hernandéz F, Lemière F, Covaci A. Identification of substances migrating from plastic baby bottles using a combination of low-resolution and high-resolution mass spectrometric analysers coupled to gas and liquid chromatography. J Mass Spectrom 2015; 50:1234-1244. [PMID: 26505768 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a strategy for elucidation of unknown migrants from plastic food contact materials (baby bottles) using a combination of analytical techniques in an untargeted approach. First, gas chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) in electron ionisation mode was used to identify migrants through spectral library matching. When no acceptable match was obtained, a second analysis by GC-(electron ionisation) high resolution mass spectrometry time of flight (TOF) was applied to obtain accurate mass fragmentation spectra and isotopic patterns. Databases were then searched to find a possible elemental composition for the unknown compounds. Finally, a GC hybrid quadrupole-TOF-MS with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation source was used to obtain the molecular ion or the protonated molecule. Accurate mass data also provided additional information on the fragmentation behaviour as two acquisition functions with different collision energies were available (MS(E) approach). In the low-energy function, limited fragmentation took place, whereas for the high-energy function, fragmentation was enhanced. For less volatile unknowns, ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole-TOF-MS was additionally applied. Using a home-made database containing common migrating compounds and plastic additives, tentative identification was made for several positive findings based on accurate mass of the (de)protonated molecule, product ion fragments and characteristic isotopic ions. Six illustrative examples are shown to demonstrate the modus operandi and the difficulties encountered during identification. The combination of these techniques was proven to be a powerful tool for the elucidation of unknown migrating compounds from plastic baby bottles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Onghena
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els Van Hoeck
- Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joris Van Loco
- Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - María Ibáñez
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, Jaume I University, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Cherta
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, Jaume I University, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Tania Portolés
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, Jaume I University, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Elena Pitarch
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, Jaume I University, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Félix Hernandéz
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, Jaume I University, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Filip Lemière
- Center for Proteome Analysis and Mass Spectrometry (CeProMa), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
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Taibon J, Sturm S, Seger C, Strasser H, Stuppner H. Quantitative Assessment of Destruxins from Strawberry and Maize in the Lower Parts per Billion Range: Combination of a QuEChERS-Based Extraction Protocol with a Fast and Selective UHPLC-QTOF-MS Assay. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:5707-5713. [PMID: 26005897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum is widely applied as a biological pest control agent. Consequently, its use has to be accompanied by a risk management approach, which includes the need to monitor the fate of its bioactive metabolites in the environment, for example, in treated crops. A fast and selective UHPLC-QTOF-MS method was developed to monitor the presence of secreted destruxins in two model food plants for the application of this fungal biocontrol agent, namely, strawberry and maize. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric assay for destruxin trace analysis is combined with a novel QuEChERS-based extraction protocol. The whole assay was optimized for the application in these crops, and it allows quantitative analysis of the major M. brunneum metabolites destruxin A, 1, destruxin B, 2, and destruxin E, 3, down to the parts per billion range. In strawberry, limits of quantitation (LOQs) were found to be <2.0 ppb for all analytes; in maize LOQs were found to be <3.2 ppb for destruxin A and destruxin B. Destruxin E showed a distinctive loss of recovery in maize and was excluded from further quantitative analysis in this crop. For both crops assay linearities ranged from the LOQs to 100 ppb, interassay repeatabilities (RSD) were found to be better than 16.4%, and accuracies ranged from 83.5 to 105.3% (assessed at four spiking levels between 5 and 75 ppb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Taibon
- †Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, CCB - Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- ‡Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja Sturm
- †Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, CCB - Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Seger
- †Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, CCB - Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- #Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (ZIMCL), University Hospital Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Strasser
- ‡Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- †Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, CCB - Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Kalogera E, Pistos C, Provatopoulou X, Athanaselis S, Spiliopoulou C, Gounaris A. Androgen glucuronides analysis by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry: could it raise new perspectives in the diagnostic field of hormone-dependent malignancies? J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 940:24-34. [PMID: 24140653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast and prostate constitute organs of intense steroidogenic activity. Clinical and epidemiologic data provide strong evidence on the influence of androgens and estrogens on the risk of typical hormone-dependent malignancies, like breast and prostate cancer. Recent studies have focused on the role of androgen metabolites in regulating androgen concentrations in hormone-sensitive tissues. Steroid glucuronidation has been suggested to have a prominent role in controlling the levels and the biological activity of unconjugated androgens. It is well-established that serum levels of androgen glucuronides reflect androgen metabolism in androgen-sensitive tissues. Quantitative analysis of androgen metabolites in blood specimens is the only minimally invasive approach permitting an accurate estimate of the total pool of androgens. During the past years, androgen glucuronides analysis most often involved radioimmunoassays (RIA) or direct immunoassays, both methods bearing serious limitations. However, recent impressive technical advances in mass spectrometry, and particularly in high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), have overcome these drawbacks enabling the simultaneous, quantitative analysis of multiple steroids even at low concentrations. Blood androgen profiling by LC-MS/MS, a robust and reliable technique of high selectivity, sensitivity, specificity, precision and accuracy emerges as a promising new approach in the study of human pathology. The present review offers a contemporary insight in androgen glucuronides profiling through the application of LC-MS/MS, highlighting new perspectives in the study of steroids and their implication in hormone-dependent malignancies.
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