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Al Atrach J, Aitblal A, Amedlous A, Xiong Y, Desmurs M, Ruaux V, Guillet-Nicolas R, Valtchev V. Nanosized Zeolite P for Enhanced CO 2 Adsorption Kinetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38006-38016. [PMID: 38996061 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Downsizing zeolite crystals is a rational solution to address the challenge of slow adsorption rates for industrial applications. In this work, we report an environmentally friendly seed-assisted method for synthesizing nanoscale zeolite P, which has been shown to be promising for binary separations. The potassium-exchanged form of nanoagglomerates demonstrates dramatically enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity, improved diffusion rate, and separation performance. Single-component CO2 adsorption at equilibrium demonstrated higher CO2 uptake and faster adsorption kinetics (ca. 1400 s vs >130000 s) for nanosized zeolite (KP1) compared to its micron-sized (KP2) counterpart. The diffusion kinetics analysis revealed the relation between the crystal size and the transport mechanism. The micron-sized KP2 sample was primarily governed by a surface barrier resistance mechanism, while in KP1, the diffusion process involved both intracrystalline and surface barrier resistance, facilitating the surface diffusion process and enhancing the overall diffusion rate. Breakthrough curve analysis confirmed these findings as fast and efficient CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 separations recorded for the nanosized sample. The results showed remarkably enhanced breakthrough time for KP2 vs KP1 in CO2/N2 (1.0 vs 10.9 min) and CO2/CH4 (1.1 vs 9.9 min) mixtures, along with much higher adsorption capacity for CO2/N2 (0.18 vs 1.33 mmol/g) and CO2/CH4 (0.18 vs 1.21 mmol/g) mixtures. The set of experimental data demonstrates the importance of zeolite crystal engineering for improving the gas separation performance of processes involving CO2, N2, and CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaouad Al Atrach
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Abdelhafid Aitblal
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Abdallah Amedlous
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Ying Xiong
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Marie Desmurs
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Valérie Ruaux
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Rémy Guillet-Nicolas
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Université de Normandie, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), Caen 14050, France
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Sofia 1126, Bulgaria
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2
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Ozcan A, Fan D, Datta SJ, Diaz-Marquez A, Semino R, Cheng Y, Joarder B, Eddaoudi M, Maurin G. Tuning MOF/polymer interfacial pore geometry in mixed matrix membrane for upgrading CO 2 separation performance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk5846. [PMID: 38985866 PMCID: PMC11235163 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The current paradigm considers the control of the MOF/polymer interface mostly for achieving a good compatibility between the two components to ensure the fabrication of continuous mixed-matrix metal-organic framework (MMMOF) membranes. Here, we unravel that the interfacial pore shape nanostructure plays a key role for an optimum molecular transport. The prototypical ultrasmall pore AlFFIVE-1-Ni MOF was assembled with the polymer PIM-1 to design a composite with gradually expanding pore from the MOF entrance to the MOF/polymer interfacial region. Concentration gradient-driven molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that this pore nanostructuring enables an optimum guided path for the gas molecules at the MOF/polymer interface that decisively leads to an acceleration of the molecular transport all along the MMMOF membrane. This numerical prediction resulted in the successful fabrication of a [001]-oriented nanosheets AlFFIVE-1-Ni/PIM-1 MMMOF membrane exhibiting an excellent CO2 permeability, better than many MMMs, and ideally associated with a sufficiently high CO2/CH4 selectivity that makes this membrane very promising for natural gas/biogas purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Ozcan
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Materials Technologies, TÜBITAK Marmara Research Center, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Dong Fan
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, P.R. China
| | - Shuvo Jit Datta
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development (FMD3), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rocio Semino
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- CNRS, Physico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Youdong Cheng
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development (FMD3), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Biplab Joarder
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development (FMD3), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Eddaoudi
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membrane and Porous Materials Center, Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development (FMD3), KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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3
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Zhou MY, Zhang XW, Yi H, Wang ZS, Zhou DD, Lin RB, Zhang JP, Chen XM. Molecular-Sieving Separation of Methanol/Benzene Azeotrope by a Flexible Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12969-12975. [PMID: 38625041 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Separation of methanol/benzene azeotrope mixtures is very challenging not only by the conventional distillation technique but also by adsorbents. In this work, we design and synthesize a flexible Ca-based metal-organic framework MAF-58 consisting of cheap raw materials. MAF-58 shows selective methanol-induced pore-opening flexibility. Although the opened pores are large enough to accommodate benzene molecules, MAF-58 shows methanol/benzene molecular sieving with ultrahigh experimental selectivity, giving 5.1 mmol g-1 high-purity (99.99%+) methanol and 2.0 mmol g-1 high-purity (99.97%+) benzene in a single adsorption/desorption cycle. Computational simulations reveal that the preferentially adsorbed, coordinated methanol molecules act as the gating component to selectively block the diffusion of benzene, offering a new gating adsorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yang Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xue-Wen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Heng Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhi-Shuo Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rui-Biao Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jie-Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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4
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Lee H, Xie D, Zones SI, Katz A. CO 2 Desorbs Water from K-MER Zeolite under Equilibrium Control. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:68-72. [PMID: 38127860 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Competitive adsorption by water in zeolites is so strongly prevalent that established gravimetric techniques for quantification have assumed that humid CO2 has no effect on preadsorbed water at the same relative humidity. Here, we demonstrate sites in small-pore zeolite K-MER, in which CO2 adsorption causes 20% of preabsorbed water to desorb under equilibrium control at 30 °C and 5% relative humidity. Diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopic data demonstrate that dimeric water species that are coordinated to cationic sites in K-MER zeolite are selectively displaced by CO2 under these humid conditions. Though Cs-RHO contains more weakly bound water than K-MER, we observe a lack of dimeric water species and no evidence of CO2 outcompeting water in Cs-RHO. We conclude that the desorption of water by CO2 in K-MER is driven by a highly desired site for CO2 adsorption as opposed to an intrinsically weak binding of water to the zeolite. Our demonstration that CO2 can outcompete water in a zeolite under wet conditions introduces new opportunities for the design of selective sites for humid CO2 adsorption and stresses the importance of independently characterizing adsorbed water and CO2 in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangho Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dan Xie
- Chevron Technology Center, Richmond, California 94801, United States
| | - Stacey I Zones
- Chevron Technology Center, Richmond, California 94801, United States
| | - Alexander Katz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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5
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Ghojavand S, Dib E, Mintova S. Flexibility in zeolites: origin, limits, and evaluation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12430-12446. [PMID: 38020361 PMCID: PMC10646982 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03934j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous pieces of evidence in the literature suggest that zeolitic materials exhibit significant intrinsic flexibility as a consequence of the spring-like behavior of Si-O and Al-O bonds and the distortion ability of Si-O-Si and Al-O-Si angles. Understanding the origin of flexibility and how it may be tuned to afford high adsorption selectivity in zeolites is a big challenge. Zeolite flexibility may be triggered by changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical composition of the framework and extra-framework compounds, as well as by the presence of guest molecules. Therefore, zeolite flexibility can be classified into three categories: (i) temperature and pressure-induced flexibility; (ii) guest-induced flexibility; and (iii) compositionally-induced flexibility. An outlook on zeolite flexibility and the challenges met during the precise experimental evaluations of zeolites will be discussed. Overcoming these challenges will provide an important tool for designing novel selective adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ghojavand
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS) 14000 Caen France
| | - Eddy Dib
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS) 14000 Caen France
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS) 14000 Caen France
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6
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Chen K, Yu Z, Mousavi SH, Singh R, Gu Q, Snurr RQ, Webley PA, Li GK. Regulating adsorption performance of zeolites by pre-activation in electric fields. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5479. [PMID: 37673916 PMCID: PMC10482906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
While multiple external stimuli (e.g., temperature, light, pressure) have been reported to regulate gas adsorption, limited studies have been conducted on controlling molecular admission in nanopores through the application of electric fields (E-field). Here we show gas adsorption capacity and selectivity in zeolite molecular sieves can be regulated by an external E-field. Through E-field pre-activation during degassing, several zeolites exhibited enhanced CO2 adsorption and decreased CH4 and N2 adsorptions, improving the CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation selectivity by at least 25%. The enhanced separation performance of the zeolites pre-activated by E-field was maintained in multiple adsorption/desorption cycles. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis and ab initio computational studies revealed that the cation relocation and framework expansion induced by the E-field accounted for the changes in gas adsorption capacities. These findings demonstrate a regulation approach to sharpen the molecular sieving capability by E-fields and open new avenues for carbon capture and molecular separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Seyed Hesam Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ranjeet Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Qinfen Gu
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Randall Q Snurr
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Paul A Webley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Gang Kevin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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7
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Hiraide S, Sakanaka Y, Iida Y, Arima H, Miyahara MT, Watanabe S. Theoretical isotherm equation for adsorption-induced structural transition on flexible metal-organic frameworks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305573120. [PMID: 37487093 PMCID: PMC10401030 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305573120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit an adsorption-induced structural transition known as "gate opening" or "breathing," resulting in an S-shaped adsorption isotherm. This unique feature of flexible MOFs offers significant advantages, such as a large working capacity, high selectivity, and intrinsic thermal management capability, positioning them as crucial candidates for revolutionizing adsorption separation processes. Therefore, the interest in the industrial applications of flexible MOFs is increasing, and the adsorption engineering for flexible MOFs is becoming important. However, despite the establishment of the theoretical background for adsorption-induced structural transitions, no theoretical equation is available to describe S-shaped adsorption isotherms of flexible MOFs. Researchers rely on various empirical equations for process simulations that can lead to unreliable outcomes or may overlook insights into improving material performance owing to parameters without physical meaning. In this study, we derive a theoretical equation based on statistical mechanics that could be a standard for the structural transition type adsorption isotherms, as the Langmuir equation represents type I isotherms. The versatility of the derived equation is shown through four examples of flexible MOFs that exhibit gate opening and breathing. The consistency of the formula with existing theories, including the osmotic free energy analysis and intrinsic thermal management capabilities, is also discussed. The developed theoretical equation may lead to more reliable and insightful outcomes in adsorption separation processes, further advancing the direction of industrial applications of flexible MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Hiraide
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakanaka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuya Iida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Homare Arima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Minoru T. Miyahara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
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8
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Kim H, Choe JH, Kang M, Kang DW, Yun H, Youn J, Lee WG, Lee JH, Hong CS. Switchable Xe/Kr Selectivity in a Hofmann-Type Metal-Organic Framework via Temperature-Responsive Rotational Dynamics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301905. [PMID: 37093175 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of adsorbents for Kr and Xe separation is essential to meet industrial demands and for energy conservation. Although a number of previous studies have focused on Xe-selective adsorbents, stimuli-responsive Xe/Kr-selective adsorbents still remain underdeveloped. Herein, a Hofmann-type framework Co(DABCO)[Ni(CN)4 ] (referred to as CoNi-DAB; DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane) that provides a temperature-dependent switchable Xe/Kr separation performance is reported. CoNi-DAB showed high Kr/Xe (0.8/0.2) selectivity with significant Kr adsorption at 195 K as well as high Xe/Kr (0.2/0.8) selectivity with superior Xe adsorption at 298 K. Such adsorption features are associated with the temperature-dependent rotational configuration of the DABCO ligand, which affects the kinetic gate-opening temperature of Xe and Kr. The packing densities of Xe (2.886 g cm-3 at 298 K) and Kr (2.399 g cm-3 at 195 K) inside the framework are remarkable and comparable with those of liquid Xe (3.057 g cm-3 ) and liquid Kr (2.413 g cm-3 ), respectively. Breakthrough experiments confirm the temperature-dependent reverse separation performance of CoNi-DAB at 298 K under dry and wet (88% relative humidity) conditions and at 195 K under dry conditions. The unique adsorption behavior is also verified through van der Waals (vdW)-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations and nudged elastic band (NEB) simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeak Choe
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-Ro, Michuhol-Gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongryeol Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Youn
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Gyu Lee
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seop Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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9
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Yang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Song F, Ren Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Liew RK, Foong SY, Chong WWF, Lam SS, Verma M, Ng HS, Sonne C, Ge S. Recent advances in the control of volatile organic compounds emissions from indoor wood-based panels: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163741. [PMID: 37120025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Wood-based panels provide efficient alternatives to materials such as plastics derived from traditional petroleum sources and thereby help to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Unfortunately, using indoor manufactured panel products also results in significant emissions of volatile organic compounds including olefins, aromatic and ester compounds, which negatively affect human health. This paper highlights recent developments and notable achievements in the field of indoor hazardous air treatment technologies to guide future research toward environmentally friendly and economically feasible directions that may have a significant impact on the improvement of human settlements. Summarizing and synthesizing the principles, advantages, and limitations of different technologies can assist policymakers and engineers in identifying the most appropriate technology for a particular air pollution control program based on criteria such as cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and environmental impact. In addition, insights into the development of indoor air pollution control technologies are provided and potential areas for innovation, improvement of existing technologies, and development of new technologies are identified. Finally, the authors also hope that this sub-paper will raise public awareness of indoor air pollution issues and promote a better understanding of the importance of indoor air pollution control technologies for public health, environmental protection, and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Feifei Song
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yi Ren
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Jijuan Zhang
- College of Furniture and Art Design, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Green Home Engineering Technology Research Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- NV WESTERN PLT, No. 208B, Second Floor, Macalister Road, 10400 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Shin Ying Foong
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - William Woei Fong Chong
- Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Hui Suan Ng
- Centre for Research and Graduate Studies, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Shengbo Ge
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
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10
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Ghojavand S, Dib E, Rey J, Daouli A, Clatworthy EB, Bazin P, Ruaux V, Badawi M, Mintova S. Interplay between alkali-metal cations and silanol sites in nanosized CHA zeolite and implications for CO 2 adsorption. Commun Chem 2023; 6:134. [PMID: 37386117 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silanols are key players in the application performance of zeolites, yet, their localization and hydrogen bonding strength need more studies. The effects of post-synthetic ion exchange on nanosized chabazite (CHA), focusing on the formation of silanols, were studied. The significant alteration of the silanols of the chabazite nanozeolite upon ion exchange and their effect on the CO2 adsorption capacity was revealed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both theoretical and experimental results revealed changing the ratio of extra-framework cations in CHA zeolites changes the population of silanols; decreasing the Cs+/K+ ratio creates more silanols. Upon adsorption of CO2, the distribution and strength of the silanols also changed with increased hydrogen bonding, thus revealing an interaction of silanols with CO2 molecules. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the interplay between alkali-metal cations and silanols in nanosized CHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ghojavand
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Eddy Dib
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Rey
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Ayoub Daouli
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Edwin B Clatworthy
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Philippe Bazin
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Valérie Ruaux
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Michael Badawi
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie (LCS), 14000, Caen, France.
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11
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Han X, Yang S. Molecular Mechanisms behind Acetylene Adsorption and Selectivity in Functional Porous Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218274. [PMID: 36718911 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Since its first industrial production in 1890s, acetylene has played a vital role in manufacturing a wide spectrum of materials. Although current methods and infrastructures for various segments of acetylene industries are well-established, with emerging functional porous materials that enabled desired selectivity toward target molecules, it is of timely interest to develop new efficient technologies to promote safer acetylene processes with a higher energy efficiency and lower carbon footprint. In this Minireview, we, from the perspective of materials chemistry, review state-of-the-art examples of advanced porous materials, namely metal-organic frameworks and decorated zeolites, that have been applied to the purification and storage of acetylene. We also discuss the challenges on the roadmap of translational research in the development of new solid sorbent-based separation technologies and highlight areas which require future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sihai Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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12
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Maliuta M, Senkovska I, Thümmler R, Ehrling S, Becker S, Romaka V, Bon V, Evans JD, Kaskel S. Particle size-dependent flexibility in DUT-8(Cu) pillared layer metal-organic framework. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2816-2824. [PMID: 36752342 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00085k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The nature of metal in the isomorphous flexible metal-organic frameworks is often reported to influence flexibility and responsivity. A prominent example of such behaviour is the DUT-8(M) family ([M2(2,6-ndc)2(dabco)]n, 2,6-ndc = 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate, dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2]-octane), where the isostructural compounds with Ni, Zn, Co, and Cu in the paddle wheel cluster are known. The macro-sized crystals of Ni, Co, and Zn based compounds transform to the closed pore (cp) phase under desolvation and show typical gate opening behaviour upon adsorption. The choice of metal, in this case, allows the adjustment of switching kinetics, selectivity in adsorption, and gate-opening pressures. The submicron-sized crystals of of Ni, Co, and Zn based compounds remain in the open pore (op) phase after desolvation. In this contribution, we demonstrate that the presence of Cu in the paddle wheel leads to fundamentally different flexible behaviour. The DUT-8(Cu) desolvation does not lead to the formation of the cp phase, independent of the particle size regime. However, according to in situ powder diffraction analysis, the desolvated, macro-sized crystals of DUT-8(Cu)_op show breathing upon adsorption of CO2 at 195 K. The submicron-sized particles show rigid, nonresponsive behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Maliuta
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Ronja Thümmler
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Ehrling
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sophi Becker
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Vitaliy Romaka
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Volodymyr Bon
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jack D Evans
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
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13
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Mousavi SH, Chen K, Yao J, Zavabeti A, Liu JZ, Li GK. Screening of Alkali Metal-Exchanged Zeolites for Nitrogen/Methane Separation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:1277-1287. [PMID: 36626709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is the primary component of natural gas and must be purified to a certain level before it can be used as pipeline gas or liquified natural gas (LNG). In particular, nitrogen (N2), a common contaminant in natural gas needs to be rejected to increase the heating value of the gas and meet the LNG product specifications. The development of energy-efficient N2 removal technologies is hampered by N2's inertness and its resemblance to CH4 in terms of kinetic size and polarizability. N2-selective materials are so rare. Here, for the first time, we screened 1425 alkali metal cation exchange zeolites to identify the candidates with the best potential for the separation of N2 from CH4. We discovered a few extraordinary zeolite frameworks capable of achieving equilibrium selectivity toward N2. Particularly, Li+-RRO-3 zeolite with a specific two-dimensional structure demonstrated a selective N2 adsorption capacity of 2.94 mmol/g at 283 K and 1 bar, outperforming the capacity of all known zeolites. Through an ab initio density functional theory study, we found that the five-membered ring of the RRO framework is the most stable cationic site for Li+, and this Li+ can interact with multiple N2 molecules but only one CH4, revealing the mechanism for the high capacity and selectivity of N2. This work suggests promising adsorbents to enable N2 rejection from CH4 in the gas industry without going for energy-intensive cryogenic distillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hesam Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kaifei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jefferson Zhe Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gang Kevin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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14
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Pérez-Botella E, Valencia S, Rey F. Zeolites in Adsorption Processes: State of the Art and Future Prospects. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17647-17695. [PMID: 36260918 PMCID: PMC9801387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites have been widely used as catalysts, ion exchangers, and adsorbents since their industrial breakthrough in the 1950s and continue to be state-of the-art adsorbents in many separation processes. Furthermore, their properties make them materials of choice for developing and emerging separation applications. The aim of this review is to put into context the relevance of zeolites and their use and prospects in adsorption technology. It has been divided into three different sections, i.e., zeolites, adsorption on nanoporous materials, and chemical separations by zeolites. In the first section, zeolites are explained in terms of their structure, composition, preparation, and properties, and a brief review of their applications is given. In the second section, the fundamentals of adsorption science are presented, with special attention to its industrial application and our case of interest, which is adsorption on zeolites. Finally, the state-of-the-art relevant separations related to chemical and energy production, in which zeolites have a practical or potential applicability, are presented. The replacement of some of the current separation methods by optimized adsorption processes using zeolites could mean an improvement in terms of sustainability and energy savings. Different separation mechanisms and the underlying adsorption properties that make zeolites interesting for these applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Rey
- . Phone: +34 96 387 78 00.
Fax: +34 96 387 94
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15
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Abbas M, Maceda AM, Firouzi HR, Xiao Z, Arman HD, Shi Y, Zhou HC, Balkus KJ. Fluorine extraction from organofluorine molecules to make fluorinated clusters in yttrium MOFs. Chem Sci 2022; 13:14285-14291. [PMID: 36545134 PMCID: PMC9749115 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05143e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new rare earth based two-dimensional coordination network and a three-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) have been synthesized using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) and yttrium(iii) ions. Yttrium dimer nodes are formed in the absence of a modulator, resulting in a 2D layered coordination network (Y-BCA-2D). The presence of fluorinating agents, e.g., 2-fluorobenzoic acid (2-FBA), 2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (2,6-DFBA), and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) result in μ3-F bridged metal hexaclusters (Y6F8) that form a three-dimensional MOF (Y-BCA-3D). It was found that Y3+ can break highly stable C-F bonds in aromatic and aliphatic fluorinated compounds. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) shows the presence of fluorine in the metal cluster which was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). High resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) also verify the presence of metal-fluorine bonds in the cluster. The Y-BCA-3D MOF selectively adsorbs CO2 but not N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RdRichardsonTX 75080USA
| | - Amanda M. Maceda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RdRichardsonTX 75080USA
| | - Hamid R. Firouzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RdRichardsonTX 75080USA
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA
| | - Hadi D. Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTexas 78249USA
| | - Yanshu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTexas 78249USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA
| | - Kenneth J. Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RdRichardsonTX 75080USA
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16
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Dubskikh VA, Kovalenko KA, Nizovtsev AS, Lysova AA, Samsonenko DG, Dybtsev DN, Fedin VP. Enhanced Adsorption Selectivity of Carbon Dioxide and Ethane on Porous Metal-Organic Framework Functionalized by a Sulfur-Rich Heterocycle. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4281. [PMID: 36500905 PMCID: PMC9737143 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Porous metal-organic framework [Zn2(ttdc)2(bpy)] (1) based on thieno [3,2-b]thiophenedicarboxylate (ttdc) was synthesized and characterized. The structure contains intersected zig-zag channels with an average aperture of 4 × 6 Å and a 49% (v/v) guest-accessible pore volume. Gas adsorption studies confirmed the microporous nature of 1 with a specific surface area (BET model) of 952 m2·g-1 and a pore volume of 0.37 cm3·g-1. Extensive CO2, N2, O2, CO, CH4, C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6 gas adsorption experiments at 273 K and 298 K were carried out, which revealed the great adsorption selectivity of C2H6 over CH4 (IAST selectivity factor 14.8 at 298 K). The sulfur-rich ligands and double framework interpenetration in 1 result in a dense decoration of the inner surface by thiophene heterocyclic moieties, which are known to be effective secondary adsorption sites for carbon dioxide. As a result, remarkable CO2 adsorption selectivities were obtained for CO2/CH4 (11.7) and CO2/N2 (27.2 for CO2:N2 = 1:1, 56.4 for CO2:N2 = 15:85 gas mixtures). The computational DFT calculations revealed the decisive role of the sulfur-containing heterocycle moieties in the adsorption of CO2 and C2H6. High CO2 adsorption selectivity values and a relatively low isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption (31.4 kJ·mol-1) make the porous material 1 a promising candidate for practical separation of biogas as well as for CO2 sequestration from flue gas or natural gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim A. Dubskikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Kovalenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogov Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna A. Lysova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Denis G. Samsonenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Danil N. Dybtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Fedin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Abstract
Chemical separations, mostly based on heat-driven techniques such as distillation, account for a large portion of the world's energy consumption. In principle, differential adsorption is a more energy-efficient separation method, but conventional adsorbent materials are still not effective for many industry-relevant mixtures. Porous coordination polymers (PCPs), or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), are attractive for their well-defined, designable, modifiable, and flexible structures connecting to various potential applications. While the importance of the structural flexibility of MOFs in adsorption-based functions has been demonstrated, the understanding of this special feature is still in its infancy and mostly stays at the periodic structural transformation at the equilibrium state and the special shapes of single-component adsorption isotherms. There are many confusions about the categorization and roles of various types of flexibility. This Account discusses the role of flexibility of MOFs for adsorptive separation, mainly from the thermodynamic and kinetic points of view.As the classic type of framework flexibility, guest-driven structural transformations and the corresponding adsorption isotherms can be thermodynamically described by the energies of the host-guest system. The highly guest-specific pore-opening action showing contrasting single-component adsorption isotherms is regarded as a strategy for achieving molecular sieving without the need for aperture size control, but its effect and role for mixture separation are still controversial. Quantitative mixture adsorption/separation experiments showed that the common periodic (cooperative) pore-opening action leads to coadsorption of molecules smaller than the opened aperture, while the aperiodic (noncooperative) one can achieve inversed molecular sieving under a thermodynamic mechanism.The energy barrier and structure in the nonequilibrium state are also important for flexibility and adsorption/separation. With suitable energy barriers between metastable structures, new types of framework flexibility such as aperture gating can be realized. While kinetically controlled gating flexibility is usually ignored because of the difficulty of characterization or considered as disadvantageous for separation because of the variable aperture size, it plays a critical role in most kinetic separation systems, including adsorbents conventionally regarded as rigid. With the concept of gating flexibility, the meanings of aperture and guest sizes for judging molecular sieving need to be reconsidered. Gating flexibility depends on not only the host itself but also the guest, the host-guest interaction, and the external environment such as temperature, which can be rationally tuned to achieve special adsorption/separation behaviors such as inversed temperature dependence, molecular sieving, and even inversed thermodynamic selectivity. The comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic bases of flexibility will give a new horizon for next-generation separation materials beyond MOFs and adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jie-Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
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18
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A gating ultramicroporous metal-organic framework showing high adsorption selectivity, capacity and rate for xylene separation. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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