1
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Zhu L, Xu Z, Gao Y, Sun N, Qiu L, Zhao J. Highly Sensitive Detection of Tumor Cell-Derived Exosomes Using Solid-State Nanopores Assisted with a Slight Salt Gradient. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39240779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
As an important biomarker, tumor cell-derived exosomes have substantial application prospects in early cancer screening and diagnosis. However, the unsatisfactory sensitivity and complicated sample pretreatment processes of conventional detection approaches have limited their use in clinical diagnosis. Nanopore sensors, as a highly sensitive, label-free, single-molecule technology, are widely utilized in molecule and bioparticle detection. Nevertheless, the exosome capture rate through nanopores is extremely low due to the low surface charge densities of exosomes and the effects of electrolyte concentration on their structural stability, thereby reducing the detection throughput. Here, we report an approach to improve the capture rate of exosome translocations using silicon nitride (SiNx) nanopores assisted by a slight salt electrolyte gradient. Improvements in exosome translocation event frequency are assessed in electrolyte solutions with different concentration gradients. In the case of asymmetric electrolytes (cis1× PBS and trans0.2 M NaCl, 1× PBS), the event frequency of tumor cell (HepG2)-derived exosome translocations is enhanced by nearly 2 orders of magnitude while maintaining vesicle structure stability. Furthermore, benefiting from the salt gradient effect, tumor cell (AsPC-1 and HCT116)-derived exosome translocations could be discriminated from those of HepG2 cell-derived exosomes. The developed highly sensitive detection method for tumor cell-derived exosomes at the single-particle level provides an approach for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Na Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
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2
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Lin Y, Wu B, Zeng Y, Yuan H, Ji C, Liu Z, Sui Y, Yin T, Kong X, Zhu Y, Chen J, Lang C. Artificial Channels Based on Bottlebrush Polymers: Enhanced Ion Transport Through Polymer Topology Control. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408558. [PMID: 38842471 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic structures mimicking the transport function of natural ion channel proteins have a wide range of applications, including therapeutic treatments, separation membranes, sensing, and biotechnologies. However, the development of polymer-based artificial channels has been hampered due to the limitation on available models. In this study, we demonstrate the great potential of bottlebrush polymers as accessible and versatile molecular scaffolds for developing efficient artificial ion channels. Adopting the bottlebrush configuration enhanced ion transport activity of the channels compared to their linear analogs. Matching the structure of lipid bilayers, the bottlebrush channel with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic triblock architecture exhibited the highest activity among the series. Functionalized with urea groups, these channels displayed high anion selectivity. Additionally, we illustrated that the transport properties could be fine-tuned by modifying the chemistry of ion binding sites. This work not only highlights the importance of polymer topology control in channel design, but also reveals the great potential for further developing bottlebrush channels with customized features and diverse functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Lin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bei Wu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | | | - Haoxuan Yuan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Changxing Ji
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan Sui
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xian Kong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jie Chen
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chao Lang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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3
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Kawaguchi T, Tsutsui M, Murayama S, Leong IW, Yokota K, Komoto Y, Taniguchi M. Enhanced Nanoparticle Sensing in a Highly Viscous Nanopore. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301523. [PMID: 38725330 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Slowing down translocation dynamics is a crucial challenge in nanopore sensing of small molecules and particles. Here, it is reported on nanoparticle motion-mediated local viscosity enhancement of water-organic mixtures in a nanofluidic channel that enables slow translocation speed, enhanced capture efficiency, and improved signal-to-noise ratio by transmembrane voltage control. It is found that higher detection rates of nanoparticles under larger electrophoretic voltage in the highly viscous solvents. Meanwhile, the strongly pulled particles distort the liquid in the pore at high shear rates over 103 s-1 which leads to a counterintuitive phenomenon of slower translocation speed under higher voltage via the induced dilatant viscosity behavior. This mechanism is demonstrated as feasible with a variety of organic molecules, including glycerol, xanthan gum, and polyethylene glycol. The present findings can be useful in resistive pulse analyses of nanoscale objects such as viruses and proteins by allowing a simple and effective way for translocation slowdown, improved detection throughput, and enhanced signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Kawaguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Sanae Murayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Iat Wai Leong
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yokota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Komoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
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4
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Yang H, Lin Y, Mo Q, Li Z, Yang F, Li X. Monitoring Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics and Activity Assays in Confined Nanospace. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39024010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediating biotransformations commonly occur in micro- and nanospace, which is crucial to maintain the essential biochemical processes and physiological functions in living systems. Probing enzyme-catalytic reactions in a biomimetic fashion remains challenging due to the lack of competent tools and methodology. Here, we show that studying enzymatic reaction kinetics can be readily achieved by a well-designed solid-state nanopore. Using tyrosine as a classical substrate, we quantitatively characterize the catalytic activity of tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) in a nanoconfined space. Tyrosine was first immobilized in the nanopipette, wherein the active sites of tyrosine were left unoccupied. When successively exposed to TYR and TDC, a two-step cascade reaction can spontaneously take place. In this process, the surface wettability and charge of the nanopipette stemming from the catalytic products can sensitively regulate ion transport and ionic current rectification behavior, which were monitored by ionic current signal. In this biomimetic scenario, we obtained the enzymatic reaction kinetics of monophenyl oxidase that were not previously actualized in the conventional macroenvironment. Significantly, TYR showed higher enzyme activity, with a Km value of 1.59 mM, which was lower than that measured in a free and open space (with a Km of 3.01 mM). This suggests that tyrosine should be the most appropriate substrate of TYR, thus improving our understanding of tyrosine-associated biochemical reactions. This work offers an applicable technical platform to mimic enzyme-mediated biotransformations and biometabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yinning Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qian Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhaoquan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xinchun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
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5
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Algharagholy LA, García-Suárez VM, Bardan KH. Robust nanotube-based nanosensor designed for the detection of explosive molecules. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3553-3565. [PMID: 38989522 PMCID: PMC11232540 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00166d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The adequate determination and detection of explosive molecules is key to introducing improvements in areas related to safety, whose progress depends on an adequate and rapid determination of dangerous substances. To detect explosives down to the molecular level and accurately discriminate between different but somehow similar substances, it is necessary to design sensors that can differentiate them uniquely and efficiently. In this study, we present a new generation nanoscale sensor based on carbon nanotubes with an adapted nanopore shape that is capable of effectively discriminating between five types of explosive compounds (TATP, RDX, PENT, HMX and DNT). We show that the interaction of each compound with the walls of the nanotubes induces changes in transmission and current that allows clear differentiation of each type of molecule. Interestingly, the transport properties do not depend on the orientation of the molecules within the nanopore in most cases, making it a robust device with high reproducibility and stability. The results also show that these systems can lead to relatively high thermoelectric performances and, furthermore, the Seebeck coefficient can be used to discriminate between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith A Algharagholy
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sumer Al Rifaee Zip: 64005 Thi-Qar Iraq
| | | | - Kareem Hasan Bardan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sumer Al Rifaee Zip: 64005 Thi-Qar Iraq
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6
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Tsutsui M, Wada M, Arima A, Tsunekawa Y, Sasaki T, Sakamoto K, Yokota K, Baba Y, Kawai T, Okada T. Identifying Viral Vector Characteristics by Nanopore Sensing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15695-15704. [PMID: 38836590 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Using viral vectors as gene delivery vehicles for gene therapy necessitates their quality control. Here, we report on nanopore sensing for nondestructively inspecting genomes inside the nanoscale cargoes at the single-molecule level. Using ionic current measurements, we motion-tracked the adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors as they translocated through a solid-state nanopore. Considering the varying contributions of the electrophoretic forces from the negatively charged internal polynucleotides of different lengths, the nanocargoes carrying longer DNA moved more slowly in the nanochannel. Moreover, ion blockage characteristics revealed their larger volume by up to approximately 3600 nm3 in proportion to the length of single-stranded DNA packaged inside, thereby allowing electrical discriminations of AAV vectors by the gene-derived physical features. The present findings can be a promising tool for the enhanced quality control of AAV products by enabling the screening of empty and intermediate vectors at the single-particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mikako Wada
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akihide Arima
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsunekawa
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takako Sasaki
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yokota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoji Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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7
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Doan THP, Fried JP, Tang W, Hagness DE, Yang Y, Wu Y, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. Nanopore Blockade Sensors for Quantitative Analysis Using an Optical Nanopore Assay. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6218-6224. [PMID: 38757765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanopore sensing is a popular biosensing strategy that is being explored for the quantitative analysis of biomarkers. With low concentrations of analytes, nanopore sensors face challenges related to slow response times and selectivity. Here, we demonstrate an approach to rapidly detect species at ultralow concentrations using an optical nanopore blockade sensor for quantitative detection of the protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This sensor relies on monitoring fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles blocking nanopores in a nanopore array of 676 nanopores. The fluorescent signal is read out using a wide-field fluorescence microscope. Nonspecific blockade events are then distinguished from specific blockade events based on the ability to pull the particles out of the pore using an applied electric field. This allows the detection of VEGF at sub-picomolar concentration in less than 15 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Hoang Phuong Doan
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jasper P Fried
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Wenxian Tang
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel Everett Hagness
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yanfang Wu
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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8
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Zhu L, Wu H, Xu Z, Guo L, Zhao J. Analysis of the effect of cations on protein conformational stability using solid-state nanopores. Analyst 2024; 149:3186-3194. [PMID: 38639484 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00248b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The conformation of proteins is closely related to their biological functions, and it is affected by many factors, including the type of cations in solution. However, it is difficult to detect the conformational changes of a protein in situ. As a single-molecule sensing technology, nanopores can convert molecular structural information into analyzable current signals within a reasonable time range. Herein, we detect and analyze the effects of two different types of monovalent cations (Na+ and Li+) on a model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) conformation using SiNx nanopores with different diameters. The quantitative analysis results show that the excluded volume of BSA in LiCl salt solutions is larger than the value in NaCl solution, indicating that Li+ is more prone to unfolding the proteins and making them unstable. This study demonstrated that nanopores enable the in situ detection of the structure of proteins at the single-molecule level and provide a new approach for the quantitative analysis of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Hongwen Wu
- Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Lanying Guo
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- School of Medical Imaging, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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9
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Jamali SS, Somerville SV, Dief EM, Gooding JJ. Stochastic Electrochemical Measurement of a Biofouling Layer on Gold. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7401-7410. [PMID: 38702865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Adsorption of a biofouling layer on the surface of biosensors decreases the electrochemical activity and hence shortens the service life of biosensors, particularly implantable and wearable biosensors. Real-time quantification of the loss of activity is important for in situ assessment of performance while presenting an opportunity to compensate for the loss of activity and recalibrate the sensor to extend the service life. Here, we introduce an electrochemical noise measurement technique as a tool for the quantification of the formation of a biofouling layer on the surface of gold. The technique uniquely affords thermodynamic and kinetic information without applying an external bias (potential and/or current), hence allowing the system to be appraised in its innate state. The technique relies on the analysis of non-faradaic current and potential fluctuations that are intrinsically generated by the interaction of charged species at the electrode surface, i.e., gold. An analytical model is extended to explain the significance of parameters drawn from statistical analysis of the noise signal. This concept is then examined in buffered media in the presence of albumin, a common protein in the blood and a known source of a fouling layer in biological systems. Results indicate that the statistical analysis of the noise signal can quantify the loss of electrochemical activity, which is also corroborated by impedance spectroscopy as a complementary technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina S Jamali
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Samuel V Somerville
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Essam M Dief
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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10
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Klebes A, Ates HC, Verboket RD, Urban GA, von Stetten F, Dincer C, Früh SM. Emerging multianalyte biosensors for the simultaneous detection of protein and nucleic acid biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 244:115800. [PMID: 37925943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, biosensors are designed to detect one specific analyte. Nevertheless, disease progression is regulated in a highly interactive way by different classes of biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Therefore, a more comprehensive analysis of biomarkers from a single sample is of utmost importance to further improve both, the accuracy of diagnosis as well as the therapeutic success. This review summarizes fundamentals like biorecognition and sensing strategies for the simultaneous detection of proteins and nucleic acids and discusses challenges related to multianalyte biosensor development. We present an overview of the current state of biosensors for the combined detection of protein and nucleic acid biomarkers associated with widespread diseases, among them cancer and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we outline the multianalyte analysis in the rapidly evolving field of single-cell multiomics, to stress its significance for the future discovery and validation of biomarkers. Finally, we provide a critical perspective on the performance and translation potential of multianalyte biosensors for medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klebes
- Hahn-Schickard, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Laboratory for MEMS Applications, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Ceren Ates
- University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Disposable Microsystems Group, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - René D Verboket
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerald A Urban
- University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Laboratory for Sensors, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Freiburg Materials Research Centre - FMF, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix von Stetten
- Hahn-Schickard, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Laboratory for MEMS Applications, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Can Dincer
- University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Disposable Microsystems Group, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanna M Früh
- Hahn-Schickard, 79110, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, IMTEK - Department of Microsystems Engineering, Laboratory for MEMS Applications, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Zheng YW, Yu SY, Li Z, Xu YT, Zhao WW, Jiang D, Chen HY, Xu JJ. High-Precision Single-Cell microRNA Therapy by a Functional Nanopipette with Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Feedback. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2307067. [PMID: 37972263 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes the concept of single-cell microRNA (miR) therapy and proof-of-concept by engineering a nanopipette for high-precision miR-21-targeted therapy in a single HeLa cell with sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) feedback. Targeting the representative oncogenic miR-21, the as-functionalized nanopipette permits direct intracellular drug administration with precisely controllable dosages, and the corresponding therapeutic effects can be sensitively transduced by a PEC sensing interface that selectively responds to the indicator level of cytosolic caspase-3. The experimental results reveal that injection of ca. 4.4 × 10-20 mol miR-21 inhibitor, i.e., 26488 copies, can cause the obvious therapeutic action in the targeted cell. This work features a solution to obtain the accurate knowledge of how a certain miR-drug with specific dosages treats the cells and thus provides an insight into futuristic high-precision clinical miR therapy using personalized medicine, provided that the prerequisite single-cell experiments are courses of personalized customization.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Si-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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12
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Zhu R, Qin F, Zheng X, Fang S, Ding J, Wang D, Liang L. Single-molecule lipopolysaccharides identification and the interplay with biomolecules via nanopore readout. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 240:115641. [PMID: 37657310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the major constituent on the cell envelope of all gram-negative bacteria. They are ubiquitous in air, and are toxic inflammatory stimulators for urinary disorders and sepsis. The reported optical, thermal, and electrochemical sensors via the intermolecular interplay of LPS with proteins and aptamers are generally complicated methods. We demonstrate the single-molecule nanopore approach for LPS identification in distinct bacteria as well as the serotypes discrimination. With a 4 nm nanopore, we achieve a detection limit of 10 ng/mL. Both the antibiotic polymyxin B (PMB) and DNA aptamer display specific binding to LPS. The identification of LPS in both human serum and tap water show good performance with nanopore platforms. Our work shows a highly-sensitive and easy-to-handle scheme for clinical and environmental biomarkers determination and provides a promising screening tool for early warning of contamination in water and medical supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China; Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Fupeng Qin
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China
| | - Xinchuan Zheng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China
| | - Shaoxi Fang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China
| | - Jianjun Ding
- Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China.
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China.
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13
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Zeid AM, Mostafa IM, Lou B, Xu G. Advances in miniaturized nanosensing platforms for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4160-4172. [PMID: 37668185 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00674c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria and viruses are the main causes of infectious diseases all over the world. Early diagnosis of such infectious diseases is a critical step in management of their spread and treatment of the infection in its early stages. Therefore, the innovation of smart sensing platforms for point-of-care diagnosis of life-threatening infectious diseases such as COVID-19 is a prerequisite to isolate the patients and provide them with suitable treatment strategies. The developed diagnostic sensors should be highly sensitive, specific, ultrafast, portable, cheap, label-free, and selective. In recent years, different nanosensors have been developed for the detection of bacterial and viral pathogens. We focus here on label-free miniaturized nanosensing platforms that were efficiently applied for pathogenic detection in biological matrices. Such devices include nanopore sensors and nanostructure-integrated lab-on-a-chip sensors that are characterized by portability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ultrafast analysis because they avoid the time-consuming sample preparation steps. Furthermore, nanopore-based sensors could afford single-molecule counting of viruses in biological specimens, yielding high-sensitivity and high-accuracy detection. Moreover, non-invasive nanosensors that are capable of detecting volatile organic compounds emitted from the diseased organ to the skin, urine, or exhaled breath were also reviewed. The merits and applications of all these nanosensors for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in biological matrices will be discussed in detail, emphasizing the importance of artificial intelligence in advancing specific nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Islam M Mostafa
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Baohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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14
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Wei X, Penkauskas T, Reiner JE, Kennard C, Uline MJ, Wang Q, Li S, Aksimentiev A, Robertson JW, Liu C. Engineering Biological Nanopore Approaches toward Protein Sequencing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16369-16395. [PMID: 37490313 PMCID: PMC10676712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological innovations have vastly improved the capacity to perform large-scale protein studies, while the methods we have for identifying and quantifying individual proteins are still inadequate to perform protein sequencing at the single-molecule level. Nanopore-inspired systems devoted to understanding how single molecules behave have been extensively developed for applications in genome sequencing. These nanopore systems are emerging as prominent tools for protein identification, detection, and analysis, suggesting realistic prospects for novel protein sequencing. This review summarizes recent advances in biological nanopore sensors toward protein sequencing, from the identification of individual amino acids to the controlled translocation of peptides and proteins, with attention focused on device and algorithm development and the delineation of molecular mechanisms with the aid of simulations. Specifically, the review aims to offer recommendations for the advancement of nanopore-based protein sequencing from an engineering perspective, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts across multiple disciplines. These efforts should include chemical conjugation, protein engineering, molecular simulation, machine-learning-assisted identification, and electronic device fabrication to enable practical implementation in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Tadas Penkauskas
- Biophysics and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Joseph E. Reiner
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Celeste Kennard
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Mark J. Uline
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sheng Li
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joseph W.F. Robertson
- Biophysics and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
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15
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Li T, Lu W, Tian H, Cao Y, He Q, Chen X, Wang H. Identification and Characterization of DNA-Oxaliplatin Adducts through α-hemolysin Nanopores. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11201-11210. [PMID: 37417945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor effect of Pt-based drugs is determined by their binding activity with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and understanding the reaction process in a systematic manner is crucial. However, existing assays used for DNA-Pt research suffer from several issues, such as complicated sample preparation, preamplification, and expensive instruments, which dramatically limit their practical application. In this study, a novel method was presented to investigate the adducts of DNA and oxaliplatin using an α-hemolysin nanopore sensor. This approach allows for real-time monitoring of the DNA-oxaliplatin condensation process through the detection of nanopore events associated with DNA-oxaliplatin adducts. Specifically, type I and II signals exhibiting specific current characteristics were observed during the process. Typical signals with high frequency were obtained by recording the designed DNA sequence. Furthermore, the production of these signals was confirmed to be independent of homologous adducts. This finding suggests that the DNA-oxaliplatin adduct can serve as a potential sensor for detecting oxaliplatin lesions and multiple types of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qianqian He
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Mianyang 621000, China
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16
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Vaneev AN, Timoshenko RV, Gorelkin PV, Klyachko NL, Erofeev AS. Recent Advances in Nanopore Technology for Copper Detection and Their Potential Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091573. [PMID: 37177118 PMCID: PMC10181076 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanopore technology has emerged as a promising technique for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of various analytes. In particular, the use of nanopores for the detection of copper ions has attracted considerable attention due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. This review discusses the principles of nanopore technology and its advantages over conventional techniques for copper detection. It covers the different types of nanopores used for copper detection, including biological and synthetic nanopores, and the various mechanisms used to detect copper ions. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the recent advancements in nanopore technology for copper detection, including the development of new nanopore materials, improvements in signal amplification, and the integration of nanopore technology with other analytical methods for enhanced detection sensitivity and accuracy. Finally, we summarize the extensive applications, current challenges, and future perspectives of using nanopore technology for copper detection, highlighting the need for further research in the field to optimize the performance and applicability of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Vaneev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V Timoshenko
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr V Gorelkin
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia L Klyachko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Erofeev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Yu RJ, Li Q, Liu SC, Ma H, Ying YL, Long YT. Simultaneous observation of the spatial and temporal dynamics of single enzymatic catalysis using a solid-state nanopore. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7261-7266. [PMID: 37038732 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We developed a bipolar SiNx nanopore for the observation of single-molecule heterogeneous enzymatic dynamics. Single glucose oxidase was immobilized inside the nanopore and its electrocatalytic behaviour was real-time monitored via continuous recording of ionic flux amplification. The temporal heterogeneity in enzymatic properties and its spatial dynamic orientations were observed simultaneously, and these two properties were found to be closely correlated. We anticipate that this method offers new perspectives on the correlation of protein structure and function at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Chuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
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18
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Yi W, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Lu Y, Yi L, Wang X. Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensing of Single Entities. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:13. [PMID: 37103594 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores/nanochannels, with their high stability, tunable geometry, and controllable surface chemistry, have recently become an important tool for constructing biosensors. Compared with traditional biosensors, biosensors constructed with solid-state nanopores/nanochannels exhibit significant advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, and high spatiotemporal resolution in the detection single entities (such as single molecules, single particles, and single cells) due to their unique nanoconfined space-induced target enrichment effect. Generally, the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel modification method is the inner wall modification, and the detection principles are the resistive pulse method and the steady-state ion current method. During the detection process, solid-state nanopore/nanochannel is easily blocked by single entities, and interfering substances easily enter the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel to generate interference signals, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. In addition, the problem of low flux in the detection process of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, these defects limit the application of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel. In this review, we introduce the preparation and functionalization of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, the research progress in the field of single entities sensing, and the novel sensing strategies on solving the above problems in solid-state nanopore/nanochannel single-entity sensing. At the same time, the challenges and prospects of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel for single-entity electrochemical sensing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yi
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianchun Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, 562400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yebo Lu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lanhua Yi
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Siwy ZS, Bruening ML, Howorka S. Nanopores: synergy from DNA sequencing to industrial filtration - small holes with big impact. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1983-1994. [PMID: 36794856 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00894g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanopores in thin membranes play important roles in science and industry. Single nanopores have provided a step-change in portable DNA sequencing and understanding nanoscale transport while multipore membranes facilitate food processing and purification of water and medicine. Despite the unifying use of nanopores, the fields of single nanopores and multipore membranes differ - to varying degrees - in terms of materials, fabrication, analysis, and applications. Such a partial disconnect hinders scientific progress as important challenges are best resolved together. This Viewpoint suggests how synergistic crosstalk between the two fields can provide considerable mutual benefits in fundamental understanding and the development of advanced membranes. We first describe the main differences including the atomistic definition of single pores compared to the less defined conduits in multipore membranes. We then outline steps to improve communication between the two fields such as harmonizing measurements and modelling of transport and selectivity. The resulting insight is expected to improve the rational design of porous membranes. The Viewpoint concludes with an outlook of other developments that can be best achieved by collaboration across the two fields to advance the understanding of transport in nanopores and create next-generation porous membranes tailored for sensing, filtration, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna S Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, USA.
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, USA.
| | - Stefan Howorka
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural Molecular Biology, University College London, UK.
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20
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Kim D, Byun S, Pu Y, Huh H, Jung Y, Kim S, Lee KY. Design of a Current Sensing System with TIA Gain of 160 dBΩ and Input-Referred Noise of 1.8 pA rms for Biosensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3019. [PMID: 36991734 PMCID: PMC10051069 DOI: 10.3390/s23063019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a high-gain low-noise current signal detection system for biosensors. When the biomaterial is attached to the biosensor, the current flowing through the bias voltage is changed so that the biomaterial can be sensed. A resistive feedback transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is used for the biosensor requiring a bias voltage. Current changes in the biosensor can be checked by plotting the current value of the biosensor in real time on the self-made graphical user interface (GUI). Even if the bias voltage changes, the input voltage of the analog to digital converter (ADC) does not change, so it is designed to plot the current of the biosensor accurately and stably. In particular, for multi-biosensors with an array structure, a method of automatically calibrating the current between biosensors by controlling the gate bias voltage of the biosensors is proposed. Input-referred noise is reduced using a high-gain TIA and chopper technique. The proposed circuit achieves 1.8 pArms input-referred noise with a gain of 160 dBΩ and is implemented in a TSMC 130 nm CMOS process. The chip area is 2.3 mm2, and the power consumption of the current sensing system is 12 mW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggyu Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Byun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggun Pu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungki Huh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokkee Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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21
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Liang L, Qin F, Wang S, Wu J, Li R, Wang Z, Ren M, Liu D, Wang D, Astruc D. Overview of the materials design and sensing strategies of nanopore devices. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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22
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Pang J, Peng S, Hou C, Zhao H, Fan Y, Ye C, Zhang N, Wang T, Cao Y, Zhou W, Sun D, Wang K, Rümmeli MH, Liu H, Cuniberti G. Applications of Graphene in Five Senses, Nervous System, and Artificial Muscles. ACS Sens 2023; 8:482-514. [PMID: 36656873 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene remains of great interest in biomedical applications because of biocompatibility. Diseases relating to human senses interfere with life satisfaction and happiness. Therefore, the restoration by artificial organs or sensory devices may bring a bright future by the recovery of senses in patients. In this review, we update the most recent progress in graphene based sensors for mimicking human senses such as artificial retina for image sensors, artificial eardrums, gas sensors, chemical sensors, and tactile sensors. The brain-like processors are discussed based on conventional transistors as well as memristor related neuromorphic computing. The brain-machine interface is introduced for providing a single pathway. Besides, the artificial muscles based on graphene are summarized in the means of actuators in order to react to the physical world. Future opportunities remain for elevating the performances of human-like sensors and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Pang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Songang Peng
- High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center and Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chongyang Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co. Ltd., Xinwai Street 2, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingju Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking and People's Republic of China School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, No. 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology (Ministry of Education) and School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ding Sun
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Weihai Innovation Research Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Mark H Rümmeli
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Dresden, D-01171, Germany.,College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.,Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze 41-819, Poland.,Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, 20 Helmholtz Strasse, Dresden 01069, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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23
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Guan X, Li H, Chen L, Qi G, Jin Y. Glass Capillary-Based Nanopores for Single Molecule/Single Cell Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:427-442. [PMID: 36670058 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A glass capillary-based nanopore (G-nanopore), due to its tapered tip, easy tunability in orifice size, and especially its flexible surface modifications that can be tailored to effectively capture and enhance the ionic current signal of single entities (single molecules, single cells, and single particles), offers a powerful and nanoconfined sensing platform for diverse biological measurements of single cells and single molecules. Compared with other artificial two-dimensional solid-state nanopores, its conical tip and high spatial and temporal resolution characteristics facilitate noninvasive single molecule and selected area (subcellular) single cell detections (e.g., DNA mutations, highly expressed proteins, and small molecule markers that reflect the change characteristics of the tumor), as a small G-nanopore (≤100 nm) does negligible damage to cell functions and cell membrane integrity when inserted through the cell membrane. In this brief review, we summarize the preparation of G-nanopores and discuss the advantages of them as solid-state sensing platforms for single molecule and single cell detection applications as well as for cancer diagnosis and treatment applications. We also describe the current bottlenecks that limit the widespread use of G-nanopores in clinical applications and provide an outlook on future developments. The brief review will provide the reader with a quick survey of this field and facilitate the rapid development of a G-nanopore sensing platform for future tumor diagnosis and personalized medicine based on single-molecule/single-cell bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Limei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
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24
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Sun H, Yao C, You K, Chen C, Liu S, Xu Z. Nanopore single-molecule biosensor in protein denaturation analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1243:340830. [PMID: 36697181 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Unclear issues in protein studies include but not limited to the stability and denaturation mechanism in the presence of denaturants. Herein, we report a dynamic monitoring approach based on nanopore single-molecule biosensor, which can detect the protein's folding and unfolding transitions by recording a nanopore ionic current. When gradually increasing the concentration of denaturant guanidine hydrochloride (GdmCl), sensitive responses were observed with lysozyme unfolding. The emergence of the featured biphasic-pulse demonstrated the existence of a stable intermediate. It was the first time to experimentally confirm the dynamic equilibrium between the intermediate and the native states at single molecule level, therefore consolidating the standpoint of lysozyme denaturation process following the three-state model. Additionally, we got more insights into the conformation about the intermediate as globular-like structure, larger gyration radius, and enhanced positive charge density. We considered that the manner of denaturant toward lysozyme adopts the "direct" model based on stronger electrostatic and van der Waals forces. Nanopore biosensor exhibited excellent sensitivity with a low detection concentration of 280 pM and reproducibility in analysing the folding intermediate of lysozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China.
| | - Chuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China
| | - Kaibo You
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China
| | - Can Chen
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China
| | - Shuoshuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Henan, 461000, PR China
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25
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Ivanova KA, Bashkirov PV. Noise in Ultrashort Elastic Membrane Nanotube. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES A: MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747822050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Ju Y, Pu M, Sun K, Song G, Geng J. Nanopore Electrochemistry for Pathogen Detection. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200774. [PMID: 36069587 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen infections have seriously threatened human health, and there is an urgent demand for rapid and efficient pathogen identification to provide instructions in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Recently, nanopore technology, a rapidly maturing technology which delivers ultrasensitive sensing and high throughput in real-time and at low cost, has achieved success in pathogen detection. Furthermore, the remarkable development of nanopore sequencing, for example, the MinION sequencer from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) as a competitive sequencing technology, has facilitated the rapid analysis of disease-related microbiomes at the whole-genome level and on a large scale. Here, we highlighted recent advances in nanopore approaches for pathogen detection at the single-molecule level. We also overviewed the applications of nanopore sequencing in pathogenic bacteria identification and diagnosis. In the end, we discussed the challenges and future developments of nanopore technology as promising tools for the management of infections, which may be helpful to aid understanding as well as decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ju
- Sichuan University, Sichuan University Library, CHINA
| | - Mengjun Pu
- Sichuan University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, CHINA
| | - Ke Sun
- Sichuan University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, CHINA
| | - Guiqin Song
- North Sichuan Medical College [Search North Sichuan Medical College]: North Sichuan Medical University, Shool of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, CHINA
| | - Jia Geng
- Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, No 17 Section 3 of South Renmin Rd, 610040, Chengdu, CHINA
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27
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Lv SL, Zeng C, Yu Z, Zheng JF, Wang YH, Shao Y, Zhou XS. Recent Advances in Single-Molecule Sensors Based on STM Break Junction Measurements. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080565. [PMID: 35892462 PMCID: PMC9329744 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule recognition and detection with the highest resolution measurement has been one of the ultimate goals in science and engineering. Break junction techniques, originally developed to measure single-molecule conductance, recently have also been proven to have the capacity for the label-free exploration of single-molecule physics and chemistry, which paves a new way for single-molecule detection with high temporal resolution. In this review, we outline the primary advances and potential of the STM break junction technique for qualitative identification and quantitative detection at a single-molecule level. The principles of operation of these single-molecule electrical sensing mainly in three regimes, ion, environmental pH and genetic material detection, are summarized. It clearly proves that the single-molecule electrical measurements with break junction techniques show a promising perspective for designing a simple, label-free and nondestructive electrical sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent selectivity.
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