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Tsuboi S, Hoshino YT, Yamamoto-Tamura K, Uenishi H, Omae N, Morita T, Sameshima-Yamashita Y, Kitamoto H, Kishimoto-Mo AW. Enhanced biodegradable polyester film degradation in soil by sequential cooperation of yeast-derived esterase and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13941-13953. [PMID: 38265596 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The degradation of biodegradable plastics poses a significant environmental challenge and requires effective solutions. In this study, an esterase derived from a phyllosphere yeast Pseudozyma antarctica (PaE) enhanced the degradation and mineralization of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) film in soil. PaE was found to substitute for esterases from initial degraders and activate sequential esterase production from soil microbes. The PBSA film pretreated with PaE (PBSA-E) rapidly diminished and was mineralized in soil until day 55 with high CO2 production. Soil with PBSA-E maintained higher esterase activities with enhancement of microbial abundance, whereas soil with inactivated PaE-treated PBSA film (PBSA-inact E) showed gradual degradation and time-lagged esterase activity increases. The fungal genera Arthrobotrys and Tetracladium, as possible contributors to PBSA-film degradation, increased in abundance in soil with PBSA-inact E but were less abundant in soil with PBSA-E. The dominance of the fungal genus Fusarium and the bacterial genera Arthrobacter and Azotobacter in soil with PBSA-E further supported PBSA degradation. Our study highlights the potential of PaE in addressing concerns associated with biodegradable plastic persistence in agricultural and environmental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tsuboi
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Yuko Takada Hoshino
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan.
| | - Kimiko Yamamoto-Tamura
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Hirohide Uenishi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Natsuki Omae
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tomotake Morita
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuka Sameshima-Yamashita
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kitamoto
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Ayaka W Kishimoto-Mo
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
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Huang F, Zhang Q, Wang L, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Are biodegradable mulch films a sustainable solution to microplastic mulch film pollution? A biogeochemical perspective. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132024. [PMID: 37572603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Mulch film residue contributes significantly to global plastic pollution, and consequently biodegradable mulch films (BDMs) are being adopted as a solution. BDMs decompose relatively quickly, but their complete biodegradation requires suitable conditions that are difficult to achieve in nature, causing biodegradable microplastics (bio-MPs) to be more likely to accumulate in soil than traditional microplastics (MPs). If BDMs are to be considered as a sustainable solution, long-term and in-depth studies to investigate the impact of bio-MPs on the biogeochemical processes are vital to agroecosystems operation and ecosystem services supply. Although bio-MP-derived carbon can potentially convert into biomass during decomposition, its contribution to soil carbon stocks is insignificant. Instead, given their biodegradability, bio-MPs can result in greater alterations of soil biodiversity and community composition. Their high carbon-nitrogen ratios may also significantly regulate various processes involved in the natural decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter, including the reduction of nutrient availability and increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Soil ecosystems are complex organic entities interconnected by disturbance-feedback mechanisms. Given the prevailing knowledge gaps regarding the impact of bio-MPs on soil biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem balance, this study emphasized the safety and sustainability assessment of bio-MPs and the prevailing comprehensive challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxin Huang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Congyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Jia L, Liu L, Zhang Y, Fu W, Liu X, Wang Q, Tanveer M, Huang L. Microplastic stress in plants: effects on plant growth and their remediations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1226484. [PMID: 37636098 PMCID: PMC10452891 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1226484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is becoming a global problem due to the resilience, long-term persistence, and robustness of MPs in different ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems, plants are exposed to MP stress, thereby affecting overall plant growth and development. This review article has critically analyzed the effects of MP stress in plants. We found that MP stress-induced reduction in plant physical growth is accompanied by two complementary effects: (i) blockage of pores in seed coat or roots to alter water and nutrient uptake, and (ii) induction of drought due to increased soil cracking effects of MPs. Nonetheless, the reduction in physiological growth under MP stress is accompanied by four complementary effects: (i) excessive production of ROS, (ii) alteration in leaf and root ionome, (iii) impaired hormonal regulation, and (iv) decline in chlorophyll and photosynthesis. Considering that, we suggested that targeting the redox regulatory mechanisms could be beneficial in improving tolerance to MPs in plants; however, antioxidant activities are highly dependent on plant species, plant tissue, MP type, and MP dose. MP stress also indirectly reduces plant growth by altering soil productivity. However, MP-induced negative effects vary due to the presence of different surface functional groups and particle sizes. In the end, we suggested the utilization of agronomic approaches, including the application of growth regulators, biochar, and replacing plastic mulch with crop residues, crop diversification, and biological degradation, to ameliorate the effects of MP stress in plants. The efficiency of these methods is also MP-type-specific and dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lining Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Wenxuan Fu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xing Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Liping Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Wang M, Ding M, Yuan Y. Bioengineering for the Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030347. [PMID: 36978738 PMCID: PMC10045523 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons are relatively recalcitrant compounds, and as contaminants, they are one of the most serious environmental problems. n-Alkanes are important constituents of petroleum hydrocarbons. Advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies have made n-alkane biodegradation more designable and maneuverable for solving environmental pollution problems. In the microbial degradation of n-alkanes, more and more degradation pathways, related genes, microbes, and alkane hydroxylases have been discovered, which provide a theoretical basis for the further construction of degrading strains and microbial communities. In this review, the current advances in the microbial degradation of n-alkanes under aerobic condition are summarized in four aspects, including the biodegradation pathways and related genes, alkane hydroxylases, engineered microbial chassis, and microbial community. Especially, the microbial communities of “Alkane-degrader and Alkane-degrader” and “Alkane-degrader and Helper” provide new ideas for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Surfactant producers and nitrogen providers as a “Helper” are discussed in depth. This review will be helpful to further achieve bioremediation of oil-polluted environments rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhen Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingzhu Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Degradation of Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastic and Its Contribution to Soil Organic Carbon Stock. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030660. [PMID: 36771962 PMCID: PMC9919936 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Expanding the use of environmentally friendly materials to protect the environment is one of the key factors in maintaining a sustainable ecological balance. Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) is considered among the most promising bio-based and biodegradable plastics for the future with a high number of applications in soil and agriculture. Therefore, the decomposition process of PBSA and its consequences for the carbon stored in soil require careful monitoring. For the first time, the stable isotope technique was applied in the current study to partitioning plastic- and soil-originated C in the CO2 released during 80 days of PBSA decomposition in a Haplic Chernozem soil as dependent on nitrogen availability. The decomposition of the plastic was accompanied by the C loss from soil organic matter (SOM) through priming, which in turn was dependent on added N. Nitrogen facilitated PBSA decomposition and reduced the priming effect during the first 6 weeks of the experiment. During the 80 days of plastic decomposition, 30% and 49% of the released CO2 were PBSA-derived, while the amount of SOM-derived CO2 exceeded the corresponding controls by 100.2 and 132.3% in PBSA-amended soil without and with N fertilization, respectively. Finally, only 4.1% and 5.4% of the PBSA added into the soil was mineralized to CO2, in the treatments without and with N amendment, respectively.
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Wicaksono JA, Purwadaria T, Yulandi A, Tan WA. Bacterial dynamics during the burial of starch-based bioplastic and oxo-low-density-polyethylene in compost soil. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:309. [PMID: 36536283 PMCID: PMC9764577 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic waste accumulation is one of the main ecological concerns in the past decades. A new generation of plastics that are easier to degrade in the environment compared to conventional plastics, such as starch-based bioplastics and oxo-biodegradable plastics, is perceived as a solution to this issue. However, the fate of these materials in the environment are unclear, and less is known about how their presence affect the microorganisms that may play a role in their biodegradation. In this study, we monitored the dynamics of bacterial community in soil upon introduction of commercial carrier bags claimed as biodegradable: cassava starch-based bioplastic and oxo-low-density polyethylene (oxo-LDPE). Each type of plastic bag was buried separately in compost soil and incubated for 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Following incubation, soil pH and temperature as well as the weight of remaining plastics were measured. Bacterial diversity in soil attached to the surface of remaining plastics was analyzed using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16SrRNA gene. RESULTS After 120 days, the starch-based bioplastic weight has decreased by 74%, while the oxo-LDPE remained intact with only 3% weight reduction. The bacterial composition in soil fluctuated over time with or without the introduction of either type of plastic. While major bacterial phyla remained similar for all treatment in this study, different types of plastics led to different soil bacterial community structure. None of these bacteria were abundant continuously, but rather they emerged at specific time points. The introduction of plastics into soil increased not only the population of bacteria known for their ability to directly utilize plastic component for their growth, but also the abundance of those that may interact with direct degraders. Bacterial groups that are involved in nitrogen cycling also arose throughout burial. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of starch-based bioplastic and oxo-LDPE led to contrasting shift in soil bacterial population overtime, which may determine their fate in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Abednego Wicaksono
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XMaster of Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Tresnawati Purwadaria
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Adi Yulandi
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Watumesa Agustina Tan
- grid.443450.20000 0001 2288 786XBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Jalan Raya Cisauk – Lapan no. 10, Tangerang, Indonesia
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Nie Z, Wang L, Lin Y, Xiao N, Zhao J, Wan X, Hu J. Effects of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) biodegradable microplastics on the abundance and diversity of denitrifying and anammox bacteria in freshwater sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120343. [PMID: 36208824 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been widely distributed on Earth and have drawn global concern for freshwater and marine ecosystems. Biodegradable plastics have risen in popularity to replace nonbiodegradable plastics all over the world. The effects of biodegradable plastics on denitrifying and anammox bacteria in freshwater sediment remain largely unknown. In this study, water column reactors containing polylactic acid (PLA) or polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) MPs in sediment were established to simulate lake ecosystems and analyze the effects of biodegradable MPs on sedimentary nitrogen transformation microorganisms. The total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations in the PLA and PBAT groups were slightly higher than those in the control group, which might be related to the slow degradation of these two plastics. Denitrifying and anammox bacterial diversities decreased after adding MPs to sediments for 30 days, and the dominant OTUs of these two bacteria were differentiated from the control. The abundance levels of nirS denitrifying and anammox bacteria on the PLA MP surface were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P < 0.05), but they were lower in the PBAT groups than in the other groups. As an excellent electron donor for the denitrification process, lactic acid release from PLA degradation resulted in the enrichment of denitrifying and anammox bacteria on the MP surfaces. However, PBAT led to various responses of bacteria in an anaerobic environment. In addition, the redundancy analysis results indicated that total phosphorus, TOC and nitrate were strongly negatively correlated with the abundance levels of denitrifying and anammox bacteria. Our findings provided insight into the effects of MPs, especially the biodegradable ones, on sedimentary nitrogen-transformation bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Nie
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yanxu Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Naidong Xiao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Ji L, Tanunchai B, Wahdan SFM, Schädler M, Purahong W. Future climate change enhances the complexity of plastisphere microbial co-occurrence networks, but does not significantly affect the community assembly. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157016. [PMID: 35777560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biobased and biodegradable plastics have been intensively used in agriculture as mulching films. They provide a distinctive habitat for soil microbes, yet much less is known about the community assembly and interactions of plastisphere microbiota in soils under future climate change. For the first time, we explored the relative importance of ecological processes and the co-occurrence networks of plastic-associated microbes under ambient and future climates. The drift primarily dominated the community assembly of bacteria and fungi after 180D and 328D incubation in both climate regimes. The neutral community model prediction indicated that the migration rate of the plastisphere community in the later decay phase was lower than that in the early decay phase, contributing to the generation of the specific niches. Furthermore, future climate promoted the complexity and modularity of plastic-associated microbial networks: more competition and cooperation were observed in bacteria (or inter-kingdom) and fungi under future climate conditions, respectively. Overall, our findings strengthened the understanding of ecological processes and interplay of plastisphere microbiota during plastic biodegradation in soils under ambient and future climate regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, PR China.
| | - Benjawan Tanunchai
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Martin Schädler
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Witoon Purahong
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Guliyev V, Tanunchai B, Noll M, Buscot F, Purahong W, Blagodatskaya E. Links among Microbial Communities, Soil Properties and Functions: Are Fungi the Sole Players in Decomposition of Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastic? Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142801. [PMID: 35890577 PMCID: PMC9323189 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incomplete degradation of bio-based and biodegradable plastics (BBPs) in soils causes multiple threats to soil quality, human health, and food security. Plastic residuals can interact with soil microbial communities. We aimed to link the structure and enzyme-mediated functional traits of a microbial community composition that were present during poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate (PBSA) decomposition in soil with (PSN) and without (PS) the addition of nitrogen fertilizer ((NH4)2SO4). We identified bacterial (Achromobacter, Luteimonas, Rhodanobacter, and Lysobacter) and fungal (Fusarium, Chaetomium, Clonostachys, Fusicolla, and Acremonium) taxa that were linked to the activities of ß-glucosidase, chitinase, phosphatase, and lipase in plastic-amended soils. Fungal biomass increased by 1.7 and 4 times in PS and PSN treatment, respectively, as compared to non-plastic amended soil. PBSA significantly changed the relationships between soil properties (C: N ratio, TN, and pH) and microbial community structure; however, the relationships between fungal biomass and soil enzyme activities remained constant. PBSA significantly altered the relationship between fungal biomass and acid phosphatase. We demonstrated that although the soil functions related to nutrient cycling were not negatively affected in PSN treatment, potential negative effects are reasoned by the enrichment of plant pathogens. We concluded that in comparison to fungi, the bacteria demonstrated a broader functional spectrum in the BBP degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vusal Guliyev
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (V.G.); (B.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Soil Science and Agro Chemistry, Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Baku 1073, Azerbaijan
| | - Benjawan Tanunchai
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (V.G.); (B.T.); (F.B.)
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Matthias Noll
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Institute for Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 96450 Coburg, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (V.G.); (B.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (V.G.); (B.T.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (E.B.)
| | - Evgenia Blagodatskaya
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (V.G.); (B.T.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (E.B.)
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