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Hong C, Li X, Zhang K, Huang Q, Li B, Xin H, Hu B, Meng F, Zhu X, Tang D, Hu C, Tao C, Li J, Cao Y, Wang H, Deng B, Wang S. Novel perspectives on autophagy-oxidative stress-inflammation axis in the orchestration of adipogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1404697. [PMID: 38982993 PMCID: PMC11232368 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1404697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, an indispensable organ, fulfils the pivotal role of energy storage and metabolism and is instrumental in maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of energy and health of the organism. Adipocyte hypertrophy and adipocyte hyperplasia (adipogenesis) are the two primary mechanisms of fat deposition. Mature adipocytes are obtained by differentiating mesenchymal stem cells into preadipocytes and redifferentiation. However, the mechanisms orchestrating adipogenesis remain unclear. Autophagy, an alternative cell death pathway that sustains intracellular energy homeostasis through the degradation of cellular components, is implicated in regulating adipogenesis. Furthermore, adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ, producing various cytokines, and certain inflammatory factors, in turn, modulate autophagy and adipogenesis. Additionally, autophagy influences intracellular redox homeostasis by regulating reactive oxygen species, which play pivotal roles in adipogenesis. There is a growing interest in exploring the involvement of autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress in adipogenesis. The present manuscript reviews the impact of autophagy, oxidative stress, and inflammation on the regulation of adipogenesis and, for the first time, discusses their interactions during adipogenesis. An integrated analysis of the role of autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress will contribute to elucidating the mechanisms of adipogenesis and expediting the exploration of molecular targets for treating obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Baohong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyun Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanming Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxing Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Chuanhuo Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenyu Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jianhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health- Hong Kong University (GIBH-HKU) Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sutian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China
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Xu S, Lu F, Gao J, Yuan Y. Inflammation-mediated metabolic regulation in adipose tissue. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13724. [PMID: 38408757 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of adipose tissue is a prominent characteristic of many metabolic diseases. Lipid metabolism in adipose tissue is consistently dysregulated during inflammation, which is characterized by substantial infiltration by proinflammatory cells and high cytokine concentrations. Adipose tissue inflammation is caused by a variety of endogenous factors, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cellular senescence, ceramides biosynthesis and mediators of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) signaling. Additionally, the gut microbiota also plays a crucial role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation. Essentially, adipose tissue inflammation arises from an imbalance in adipocyte metabolism and the regulation of immune cells. Specific inflammatory signals, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, inflammasome signaling and inflammation-mediated autophagy, have been shown to be involved in the metabolic regulation. The pathogenesis of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic inflammation (obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and recent research regarding potential therapeutic targets for these conditions are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Inhibitory Effect of Bacterial Lysates Extracted from Pediococcus acidilactici on the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911614. [PMID: 36232912 PMCID: PMC9570163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics, including bacterial lysates, are considered alternatives to probiotics. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of bacterial lysates (BLs) extracted from Pediococcus acidilactici K10 (K10 BL) and P. acidilactici HW01 (HW01 BL) on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Both K10 and HW01 BLs significantly reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and the amounts of cellular glycerides in 3T3-L1 cells (p < 0.05). However, another postbiotic molecule, peptidoglycan of P. acidilactici K10 and P. acidilactici HW01, moderately inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets, whereas heat-killed P. acidilactici did not effectively inhibit the lipid accumulation. The mRNA and protein levels of the transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, responsible for the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, were significantly inhibited by K10 BL and HW01 BL (p < 0.05). Both K10 and HW01 BLs decreased adipocyte-related molecules, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and lipoprotein lipase, at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, both K10 and HW01 BLs also downregulated the mRNA expression of leptin, but not resistin. Taken together, these results suggest that P. acidilactici BLs mediate anti-adipogenic effects by inhibiting adipogenic-related transcription factors and their target molecules.
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Deng X, Chen B, Luo Q, Zao X, Liu H, Li Y. Hulless barley polyphenol extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and obesity related-enzymes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:933068. [PMID: 35990339 PMCID: PMC9389463 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.933068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation, hypertrophy, and hyperplasia of adipose cells. Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.) is the principal crop grown in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Polyphenols, the major bioactive compound in hulless barley, possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. However, the anti-obesity effect of hulless barley polyphenol (HBP) extract has not been explored. Therefore, the current study assessed the impact of HBP extract on preventing obesity. For this purpose, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of HBP extract against obesity-related enzymes. Moreover, we investigated the effect of HBP extract on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis through 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results demonstrated that HBP extract could inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase (α-GLU), and lipase in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, HBP extract inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, the extract suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), regulating fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). It was also observed that HBP extract alleviated intracellular lipid accumulation by attenuating oxidative stress. These findings specify that HBP extract could inhibit obesity-related enzymes, adipocyte differentiation, and adipogenesis. Therefore, it is potentially beneficial in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bi Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, Kaili, China
| | - Qin Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingru Zao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Haizhe Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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