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Gostyńska A, Buzun K, Żółnowska I, Krajka-Kuźniak V, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Jelińska A, Stawny M. Natural bioactive compounds-The promising candidates for the treatment of intestinal failure-associated liver disease. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1952-1971. [PMID: 39032247 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving procedure conducted to maintain a proper nutritional state in patients with severe intestinal failure who cannot be fed orally. A serious complication of PN therapy is liver failure, known as intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). The pathogenesis of IFALD is multifactorial and includes inhibition of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) by PN components, bacteria translocation from impaired intestines, and intravenous line-associated bloodstream infection. Currently, the most frequently researched therapeutic option for IFALD is using lipid emulsions based on soy or fish oil and, therefore, free from phytosterols known as FXR antagonists. Nevertheless, the potential side effects of the lack of soybean oil delivery seem to outweigh the benefits, especially in the pediatric population. PN admixture provides all the necessary nutrients; however, it is deprived of exogenous natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) of plant origin, such as polyphenols, characterized by health-promoting properties. Among them, many substances have already been known to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect in various liver diseases. Therefore, searching for new therapeutic options for IFALD among NBCs seems reasonable and potentially successful. This review summarizes the recent research on polyphenols and their use in treating various liver diseases, especially metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD). Furthermore, based on scientific reports, we have described the molecular mechanism of action of selected NBCs that exert hepatoprotective properties. We also summarized the current knowledge on IFALD pathogenesis, described therapeutic options undergoing clinical trials, and presented the future perspective of the potential use of NBCs in PN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Buzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Izabela Żółnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jelińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Mao X, Du Y, Sui R, Yu X, Zhu Y, Huang M. Quercetin conjugated PSC-derived exosomes to inhibit intimal hyperplasia via modulating the ERK, Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways in the rat carotid artery post balloon injury. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 61:102763. [PMID: 38897395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The primary challenge in percutaneous coronary interventions for vascular restenosis is the occurrence of restenosis, which is defined by the excessive proliferation of neointimal tissue. Herein, our research team suggests that exosomes obtained from PSC, when paired with quercetin (Q@PSC-E), successfully reduce neointimal hyperplasia in a Sprague-Dawley rat model. Furthermore, the physical properties of the synthesized Q@PSC-E were examined using UV-vis, DLS, and FT-IR characterization techniques. The rats were subjected to balloon injury (BI) utilizing a 2-Fr Fogarty arterial embolectomy balloon catheter. Intimal hyperplasia and the degree of VSMC proliferation were evaluated using histological analysis in the rat groups that received a dosage of Q@PSC-E at 30 mg/kg/d. Significantly, Q@PSC-E inhibited cell proliferation through a pathway that does not include lipoxygenase, as demonstrated by [3H] thymidine incorporation, MTT, and flow cytometry studies. Additionally, the data indicate that Q@PSC-E hinders cell proliferation by targeting particular events that promote cell growth, including the activation of Akt and NF-κB, disruption of cell-cycle progression and also obstructs the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China
| | - Yaming Du
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China
| | - Rubo Sui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China
| | - Meiyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121099, China.
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Romo EZ, Hong BV, Patel RY, Agus JK, Harvey DJ, Maezawa I, Jin LW, Lebrilla CB, Zivkovic AM. Elevated lipopolysaccharide binding protein in Alzheimer's disease patients with APOE3/E3 but not APOE3/E4 genotype. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1408220. [PMID: 38882697 PMCID: PMC11177782 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1408220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), an inflammation marker of bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not clearly understood. Methods In this study the concentrations of LBP were measured in n = 79 individuals: 20 apolipoprotein E (APOE)3/E3 carriers with and 20 without AD dementia, and 19 APOE3/E4 carriers with and 20 without AD dementia. LBP was found to be enriched in the 1.21-1.25 g/mL density fraction of plasma, which has previously been shown to be enriched in intestinally derived high-density lipoproteins (HDL). LBP concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results LBP was significantly increased within the 1.21-1.25 g/mL density fraction of plasma in APOE3/E3 AD patients compared to controls, but not APOE3/E4 patients. LBP was positively correlated with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and exhibited an inverse relationship with Verbal Memory Score (VMS). Discussion These results underscore the potential contribution of gut permeability to bacterial toxins, measured as LBP, as an inflammatory mediator in the development of AD, particularly in individuals with the APOE3/E3 genotype, who are genetically at 4-12-fold lower risk of AD than individuals who express APOE4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Z Romo
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Brian V Hong
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rishi Y Patel
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Joanne K Agus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Danielle J Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Izumi Maezawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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4
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Martchenko A, Papaelias A, Bolz SS. Physiologic effects of the maqui berry ( Aristotelia chilensis): a focus on metabolic homeostasis. Food Funct 2024; 15:4724-4740. [PMID: 38618933 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence and socioeconomic impact of metabolic diseases is rapidly growing. The limited availability of effective and affordable treatments has fuelled interest in the therapeutic potential of natural compounds as they occur in selected food sources. These compounds might help to better manage the current problems of treatment availability, affordability, and adverse effects that, in combination, limit treatment duration and efficacy at present. Specifically, berries garnered interest given a strong epidemiological link between their consumption and improved metabolic functions, making the analysis of their phytochemical composition and the identification and characterization of biologically active ingredients an emerging area of research. In this regard, the present review focuses on the South American maqui berry Aristotelia chilensis, which has been extensively used by the indigenous Mapuche population for generations to treat a variety of disease conditions. An overview of the maqui plant composition precedes a review of pre-clinical and clinical studies that investigated the effects of maqui berries and their major components on metabolic homeostasis. The final part of the review highlights possible technologies to conserve maqui berry structural and functional integrity during passage through the small intestine, ultimately aiming to augment their systemic and luminal bioavailability and biological effects. The integration of the various aspects discussed herein can assist in the development of effective maqui-based therapies to benefit the growing population of metabolically compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martchenko
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Papaelias
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Zhao XY, Wang JQ, Neely GG, Shi YC, Wang QP. Natural compounds as obesity pharmacotherapies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:797-838. [PMID: 38083970 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has become a serious global public health problem, affecting over 988 million people worldwide. Nevertheless, current pharmacotherapies have proven inadequate. Natural compounds have garnered significant attention due to their potential antiobesity effects. Over the past three decades, ca. 50 natural compounds have been evaluated for the preventive and/or therapeutic effects on obesity in animals and humans. However, variations in the antiobesity efficacies among these natural compounds have been substantial, owing to differences in experimental designs, including variations in animal models, dosages, treatment durations, and administration methods. The feasibility of employing these natural compounds as pharmacotherapies for obesity remained uncertain. In this review, we systematically summarized the antiobesity efficacy and mechanisms of action of each natural compound in animal models. This comprehensive review furnishes valuable insights for the development of antiobesity medications based on natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ji-Qiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Gregory Neely
- The Dr. John and Anne Chong Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life & Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiao-Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Medical Center for Comprehensive Weight Control, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hu Q, Zhang W, Wei F, Huang M, Shu M, Song D, Wen J, Wang J, Nian Q, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Human diet-derived polyphenolic compounds and hepatic diseases: From therapeutic mechanisms to clinical utilization. Phytother Res 2024; 38:280-304. [PMID: 37871899 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the potential ameliorative effects of polyphenolic compounds derived from human diet on hepatic diseases. It discusses the molecular mechanisms and recent advancements in clinical applications. Edible polyphenols have been found to play a therapeutic role, particularly in liver injury, liver fibrosis, NAFLD/NASH, and HCC. In the regulation of liver injury, polyphenols exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, primarily targeting the TGF-β, NF-κB/TLR4, PI3K/AKT, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. In the regulation of liver fibrosis, polyphenolic compounds effectively reverse the fibrotic process by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds show efficacy against NAFLD/NASH by inhibiting lipid oxidation and accumulation, mediated through the AMPK, SIRT, and PPARγ pathways. Moreover, several polyphenolic compounds exhibit anti-HCC activity by suppressing tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. This inhibition primarily involves blocking Akt and Wnt signaling, as well as inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, clinical trials and nutritional evidence support the notion that certain polyphenols can improve liver disease and associated metabolic disorders. However, further fundamental research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy of dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meilan Huang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Prado Y, Aravena D, Gatica S, Llancalahuen FM, Aravena C, Gutiérrez-Vera C, Carreño LJ, Cabello-Verrugio C, Simon F. From genes to systems: The role of food supplementation in the regulation of sepsis-induced inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166909. [PMID: 37805092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation includes a widespread immune response to a harmful stimulus that results in extensive systemic damage. One common example of systemic inflammation is sepsis, which is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Under the pro-inflammatory environment of sepsis, oxidative stress contributes to tissue damage due to dysfunctional microcirculation that progressively causes the failure of multiple organs that ultimately triggers death. To address the underlying inflammatory condition in critically ill patients, progress has been made to assess the beneficial effects of dietary supplements, which include polyphenols, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals that are recognized for their immuno-modulating, anticoagulating, and analgesic properties. Therefore, we aimed to review and discuss the contribution of food-derived supplementation in the regulation of inflammation from gene expression to physiological responses and summarize the precedented potential of current therapeutic approaches during systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Prado
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe M Llancalahuen
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Aravena
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Gutiérrez-Vera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Leandro J Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.
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8
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Xiang S, Li Y, Li Y, Pan W, Wang X, Lu Y, Liu S. Higher anthocyanin intake is associated with a lower risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States adult population. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1265507. [PMID: 38024364 PMCID: PMC10657849 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1265507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are a class of plant chemicals known to have health-promoting properties, including six subclasses. Anthocyanin is one of the subclasses that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the relationship between flavonoid subclass intake and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis has not been verified in representative samples of the United States. Methods This is a cross-sectional study based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) in 2017-2018. The intake of flavonoid subclasses of the participants was obtained from two 24 h dietary recalls. The NAFLD and liver fibrosis were defined based on the international consensus criteria. The relationship between flavonoid subclass intake and NAFLD and liver fibrosis was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression model corrected for multiple confounding factors. Subgroup analysis, trend tests, interaction tests and restricted cubic spline were carried out to further explore this relationship. In addition, we also explored the relationship between anthocyanin and liver serum biomarkers, dietary total energy intake and healthy eating index (HEI)-2015 scores. Results A total of 2,288 participants were included in the analysis. The intake of anthocyanin was significantly negatively associated with the risk of NAFLD, but not other flavonoid subclasses. A higher anthocyanin intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of NAFLD (quartile 4, OR 0.470, 95% CI 0.275-0.803). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the protective effect of dietary anthocyanin intake on NAFLD was more pronounced in participants of non-Hispanic whites, with hypertension and without diabetes (P for interaction <0.05). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dietary total energy intake was significantly negatively correlated with dietary anthocyanin intake. We did not find any protective effect of flavonoid subclass intake on liver fibrosis. Conclusion Anthocyanin, but not other flavonoid subclasses, can significantly reduce the risk of NAFLD. The protective effect was more pronounced in non-Hispanic whites, participants without diabetes and those with hypertension. Our study provides new evidence that anthocyanin intake has a reverse significant association with the risk for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjun Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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9
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Higbee J, Brownmiller C, Solverson P, Howard L, Carbonero F. Polyphenolic profiles of a variety of wild berries from the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100564. [PMID: 37664004 PMCID: PMC10474376 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have been extensively profiled and quantified in commercially grown berries, but similar information is sparsely available for wild berries. Because polyphenolic contents are inherently associated with berries health benefits, determining phenolic profiles is an important step for strategizing potential uses by the industry and for health and nutrition outcomes. Here, we profiled phenolic compounds in wild berries commonly encountered and harvested in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Huckleberries (Vaccinium membranaceum) of varying phenotypes were found to be comparable to related blueberries in terms of general phenolic classes composition. However, all huckleberries exhibited markedly high levels of cyanidins, and delphinidins or peonidins were also higher in specific phenotypes. Wild black elderberries (Sambucus nigra spp. Canadensis) were found to have remarkably high phenolic, especially anthocyanins, in line with reports from cultivated elderberries. Saskatoon serviceberries (Amelanchier alnifolia) were found to exhibit high polyphenol content, but with a less diverse profile dominated by quercetin. The most intriguing berry may be the Oregon grape (Mahonia Aquifolium) being the only one exhibiting more than one g of polyphenols per 100 g; as well as a remarkably even distribution of the different anthocyanin classes. All colored wild berries were found to have at minimum comparable total phenolic contents when compared to cultivated and other wild berries, suggesting they should exhibit comparable human health benefits such as antioxidant and metabolic syndrome preventative potential described for these other berries. Overall, our data represents a valuable resource to explore the potential to valorize wild berry species for their specific phenolic profiles and predicted nutritional and health properties. With repeated phenolic profiling to better understand the impact of the environment, the wild berries described here hold promises both as food ingredient applications as well as valuable complement for healthy dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Higbee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Cindi Brownmiller
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Patrick Solverson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Luke Howard
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Franck Carbonero
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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10
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Assar DH, Ragab AE, Abdelsatar E, Salah AS, Salem SMR, Hendam BM, Al Jaouni S, Al Wakeel RA, AbdEl-Kader MF, Elbialy ZI. Dietary Olive Leaf Extract Differentially Modulates Antioxidant Defense of Normal and Aeromonas hydrophila-Infected Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio) via Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway Signaling: A Phytochemical and Biological Link. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2229. [PMID: 37444027 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive leaves are an immense source of antioxidant and antimicrobial bioactive constituents. This study investigated the effects of dietary incorporation of olive leaf extract (OLE) on the growth performance, hematobiochemical parameters, immune response, antioxidant defense, histopathological changes, and some growth- and immune-related genes in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 180 fish were allocated into four groups with triplicate each. The control group received the basal diet without OLE, while the other three groups were fed a basal diet with the OLE at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%, respectively. The feeding study lasted for 8 weeks, then fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The results revealed that the group supplied with the 0.1% OLE significantly exhibited a higher final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG%), and specific growth rate (SGR) with a decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). An increase in immune response was also observed in the fish from this group, with higher lysosome activity, immunoglobulin (IgM), and respiratory burst than nonsupplemented fish, both before and after the A. hydrophila challenge (p < 0.05). Similarly, the supplementation of the 0.1% OLE also promoted the C. carpio's digestive capacity pre- and post-challenge, presenting the highest activity of protease and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.05). In addition, this dose of the OLE enhanced fish antioxidant capacity through an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation end products (malondialdehyde-MDA), when compared to the control group, both pre- and post-infection (p < 0.05). Concomitantly with the superior immune response and antioxidant capacity, the fish fed the 0.1% OLE revealed the highest survival rate after the challenge with A. hydrophila (p < 0.05). A significant remarkable upregulation of the hepatic sod, nrf2, and protein kinase C transcription levels was detected as a vital approach for the prevention of both oxidative stress and inflammation compared to the infected unsupplied control group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, HPLC and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses recognized that oleuropein is the main constituent (20.4%) with other 45 compounds in addition to tentative identification of two new compounds, namely oleuroside-10-carboxylic acid (I) and demethyl oleuroside-10-carboxylic acid (II). These constituents may be responsible for the OLE exerted potential effects. To conclude, the OLE at a dose range of 0.66-0.83 g/kg w/w can be included in the C. carpio diet to improve the growth, antioxidant capacity, and immune response under normal health conditions along with regulating the infection-associated pro-inflammatory gene expressions, thus enhancing resistance against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa H Assar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Amany E Ragab
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 32527, Egypt
| | - Essam Abdelsatar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdallah S Salah
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Shimaa M R Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Soad Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Al Wakeel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Marwa F AbdEl-Kader
- Department of Fish Health and Management, Sakha Aquaculture Research Unit, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, A.R.C., Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Zizy I Elbialy
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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11
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Khanmohammadi S, Kuchay MS. Toll-like receptors and metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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12
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Tan P, Jin L, Qin X, He B. Natural flavonoids: Potential therapeutic strategies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1005312. [PMID: 36188561 PMCID: PMC9524541 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1005312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing rapidly worldwide; however, there are currently limited treatments for NAFLD. The disease spectrum includes simple fatty liver, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC). The therapeutic effects of NAFLD remain controversial. Although researchers have conducted studies on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, its pathogenesis and anti-NAFLD mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Previous studies have found that flavonoids, as natural substances with extensive pharmacological activity and good therapeutic effects, have excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, metabolic disease improvement, anti-tumor, and other properties and can significantly alleviate NAFLD. Flavonoids could be further developed as therapeutic drugs for NAFLD. In this paper, the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the mechanisms of flavonoids against NAFLD are summarized to provide a theoretical basis for screening flavonoids against non-alcoholic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panli Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Beihui He,
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13
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Iglesias DE, Cremonini E, Hester SN, Wood SM, Bartlett M, Fraga CG, Oteiza PI. Cyanidin and delphinidin restore colon physiology in high fat diet-fed mice: Involvement of TLR-4 and redox-regulated signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:71-82. [PMID: 35691508 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of high fat diets (HFD) mimics a modern or "Western style" diet pattern and can impair intestinal barrier integrity, leading to endotoxemia and associated unhealthy conditions. This study investigated if supplementation with an anthocyanin (cyanidin and delphinidin glucosides)-rich extract (CDRE) could revert or mitigate HFD-induced alterations of colonic physiology in part through the regulation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4)- and redox-regulated signaling. C57BL/6J male mice were fed for 4 weeks with a control or an HFD. Then, mice were divided in four groups fed either control or HFD, or these diets supplemented with CDRE for the subsequent 4 weeks. After 8 weeks on the HFD we observed in the colon: i) disruption of tight junction structure and function; ii) increased TLR-4 expression; iii) increased NADPH oxidase NOX1 expression, and iv) activation of redox-sensitive and TLR-4-triggered pathways, i.e. NF-κB, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, PI3K/Akt. All these events were prevented or reverted by CDRE supplementation. Supporting the relevance of CDRE-mediated downregulation of TLR-4 on its colon beneficial effect; in vitro (Caco-2 cell monolayers), cyanidin, delphinidin and their metabolites protocatechuic and gallic acid, mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced monolayer permeabilization by restoring tight junction structure and dynamics and preventing lipid/protein oxidation. The CDRE also mitigated HFD-mediated alterations in parameters of goblet cell differentiation and function, including the downregulation of markers of goblet cell differentiation (Klf4), and intestinal mucosa healing (Tff3). Results show that a short-term supplementation with cyanidin and delphinidin, protect from HFD-induced alterations in colon physiology in part through the modulation of TLR-4- and redox-regulated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven M Wood
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Mark Bartlett
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Cesar G Fraga
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular-Dr. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Li H, Liang J, Han M, Wang X, Ren Y, Wang Y, Huang J, Li S, Liu C, Wang Z, Yue T, Gao Z. Sequentially fermented dealcoholized apple juice intervenes fatty liver induced by high-fat diets via modulation of intestinal flora and gene pathways. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Cremonini E, Daveri E, Iglesias DE, Kang J, Wang Z, Gray R, Mastaloudis A, Kay CD, Hester SN, Wood SM, Fraga CG, Oteiza PI. A randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study on the effects of anthocyanins on inflammatory and metabolic responses to a high-fat meal in healthy subjects. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102273. [PMID: 35255426 PMCID: PMC8902616 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of supplementation with a cyanidin- and delphinidin-rich extract (CDRE) on the postprandial dysmetabolism, inflammation, and redox and insulin signaling, triggered by the consumption of a high fat meal (HFM) in healthy individuals. Participants (n = 25) consumed a 1026-kcal HFM simultaneously with either the CDRE providing 320.4 mg of anthocyanins (90% cyanidin and delphinidin) or placebo. Diets were randomly assigned in a double blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Blood was collected prior to (fasted, time 0), and for 5 h after meal consumption; plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated. AC metabolites were detected in serum as early as 30 min after CDRE consumption. The CDRE mitigated HFM-induced endotoxemia, reducing increases in plasma LPS and LPS-binding protein. The CDRE also reduced other events associated with HFM-triggered postprandial dysmetabolism including: i) plasma glucose and triglyceride increases; ii) TNFα and NOX4 upregulation in PBMC; and iii) JNK1/2 activation in PBMC. The CDRE did not significantly affect HFM-mediated increases in plasma insulin, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP, and LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, and IKK phosphorylation in PBMC. In summary, dietary AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, exerted beneficial actions against unhealthy diets by modulating the associated postprandial dysmetabolism, endotoxemia, alterations of glycemia and lipidemia, and redox and insulin signaling.
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