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Han X, Xu X, Yang C, Liu G. Microfluidic design in single-cell sequencing and application to cancer precision medicine. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100591. [PMID: 37725985 PMCID: PMC10545941 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a crucial tool to reveal the genetic and functional heterogeneity of tumors, providing unique insights into the clonal evolution, microenvironment, drug resistance, and metastatic progression of cancers. Microfluidics is a critical component of many SCS technologies and workflows, conferring advantages in throughput, economy, and automation. Here, we review the current landscape of microfluidic architectures and sequencing techniques for single-cell omics analysis and highlight how these have enabled recent applications in oncology research. We also discuss the challenges and the promise of microfluidics-based single-cell analysis in the future of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Joint Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related 12 Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related 12 Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.
| | - Guozhen Liu
- CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Joint Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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2
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Lipp C, Koebel L, Loyon R, Bolopion A, Spehner L, Gauthier M, Borg C, Bertsch A, Renaud P. Microfluidic device combining hydrodynamic and dielectrophoretic trapping for the controlled contact between single micro-sized objects and application to adhesion assays. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:3593-3602. [PMID: 37458004 PMCID: PMC10408363 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00400g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions via receptor and ligand binding relies on our ability to study the very first events of their contact. Of particular interest is the interaction between a T cell receptor and its cognate peptide-major histocompatibility complex. Indeed, analyzing their binding kinetics and cellular avidity in large-scale low-cost and fast cell sorting would largely facilitate the access to cell-based cancer immunotherapies. We thus propose a microfluidic tool able to independently control two types of micro-sized objects, put them in contact for a defined time and probe their adhesion state. The device consists of hydrodynamic traps holding the first type of cell from below against the fluid flow, and a dielectrophoretic system to force the second type of object to remain in contact with the first one. First, the device is validated by performing an adhesion frequency assay between fibroblasts and fibronectin coated beads. Then, a study is conducted on the modification of the cellular environment to match the dielectrophoretic technology requirements without modifying the cell viability and interaction functionalities. Finally, we demonstrate the capability of the developed device to put cancer cells and a population of T cells in contact and show the discrimination between specific and non-specific interactions based on the pair lifetime. This proof-of-concept device lays the foundations for the development of next generation fast cell-cell interaction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Lipp
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laure Koebel
- Institut FEMTO-ST, Département AS2M, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Besançon, France
| | - Romain Loyon
- Unité RIGHT, UMR INSERM 1098, Établissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Aude Bolopion
- Institut FEMTO-ST, Département AS2M, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Besançon, France
| | - Laurie Spehner
- Unité RIGHT, UMR INSERM 1098, Établissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Michaël Gauthier
- Institut FEMTO-ST, Département AS2M, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- Unité RIGHT, UMR INSERM 1098, Établissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Arnaud Bertsch
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Philippe Renaud
- Laboratory of Microsystems LMIS4, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Lipp C, Jacquillat A, Migliozzi D, Wang HC, Bertsch A, Glushkov E, Martin OJF, Renaud P. Aperture-Controlled Fabrication of All-Dielectric Structural Color Pixels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37385597 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
While interference colors have been known for a long time, conventional color filters have large spatial dimensions and cannot be used to create compact pixelized color pictures. Here we report a simple yet elegant interference-based method of creating microscopic structural color pixels using a single-mask process using standard UV photolithography on an all-dielectric substrate. The technology makes use of the varied aperture-controlled physical deposition rate of low-temperature silicon dioxide inside a hollow cavity to create a thin-film stack with the controlled bottom layer thickness. The stack defines which wavelengths of the reflected light interfere constructively, and thus the cavities act as micrometer-scale pixels of a predefined color. Combinations of such pixels produce vibrant colorful pictures visible to the naked eye. Being fully CMOS-compatible, wafer-scale, and not requiring costly electron-beam lithography, such a method paves the way toward large scale applications of structural colors in commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Lipp
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Jacquillat
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Migliozzi
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Hsiang-Chu Wang
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-NAM, Station 11, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Bertsch
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Evgenii Glushkov
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Olivier J F Martin
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-NAM, Station 11, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Renaud
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-STI-IMT-LMIS4, Station 17, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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4
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Boulais E, Gervais T. The 2D microfluidics cookbook - modeling convection and diffusion in plane flow devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1967-1980. [PMID: 36884010 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01033j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of microfluidic systems operate not through networks of microchannels but instead through using 2D flow fields. While the design rules for channel networks are already well-known and exposed in microfluidics textbooks, the knowledge underlying transport in 2D microfluidics remains scattered piecemeal and is not easily accessible to experimentalists and engineers. In this tutorial review, we formulate a unified framework for understanding, analyzing and designing 2D microfluidic technologies. We first show how a large number of seemingly different devices can all be modelled using the same concepts, namely flow and diffusion in a Hele-Shaw cell. We then expose a handful of mathematical tools, accessible to any engineer with undergraduate level mathematics knowledge, namely potential flow, superposition of charges, conformal transforms and basic convection-diffusion. We show how these tools can be combined to obtain a simple "recipe" that models almost any imaginable 2D microfluidic system. We end by pointing to more advanced topics beyond 2D microfluidics, namely interface problems and flow and diffusion in the third dimension. This forms the basis of a complete theory allowing for the design and operation of new microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Boulais
- Polytechnique Montreal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Thomas Gervais
- Polytechnique Montreal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM) and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Canada
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Wu C, Li J, Duan X. Enrichment of Aggregation-Induced Emission Aggregates Using Acoustic Streaming Tweezers in Microfluidics for Trace Human Serum Albumin Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2071-2078. [PMID: 36634027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-dependent brightness (ADB) indirectly limits the in vitro performance of a pure aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe in many ways; thus, controlling the aggregation state of the AIE probe is helpful for detecting an object of interest. Many studies are focused on the molecule design of the AIE probes, while less efforts have been made for the control of the aggregation of the AIEs. Here, an acoustic streaming tweezer (AST) generated using a gigahertz bulk acoustic wave resonator was applied to manipulate the aggregation status of the AIE probe and further enhance their performance for human serum albumin (HSA) detection. As the trapping size of the AST matches the working size of the AIE probe, the streaming can enrich and accumulate AIE nanoparticles, which then further trigger larger aggregates. Due to the ADB effect, the fluorescence intensity strongly increased, and thus, the detection limit of HSA was reduced to 0.5 μg/mL, which is low enough for kidney disease detection. Such an AST-assisted ADB strategy is potentially applicable to other AIE probes and can work as a portable choice for the biomedical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiuyan Li
- Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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6
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Liu Y, Fan Z, Qiao L, Liu B. Advances in microfluidic strategies for single-cell research. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Verloy S, Vankeerberghen B, Jimidar ISM, Gardeniers H, Desmet G. Wafer-Scale Particle Assembly in Connected and Isolated Micromachined Pockets via PDMS Rubbing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7709-7719. [PMID: 35616629 PMCID: PMC9245185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The present contribution reports on a study aiming to find the most suitable rubbing method for filling arrays of separated and interconnected micromachined pockets with individual microspheres on rigid, uncoated silicon substrates without breaking the particles or damaging the substrate. The explored dry rubbing methods generally yielded unsatisfactory results, marked by very large percentages of empty pockets and misplaced particles. On the other hand, the combination of wet rubbing with a patterned rubbing tool provided excellent results (typically <1% of empty pockets and <5% of misplaced particles). The wet method also did not leave any damage marks on the silicon substrate or the particles. When the pockets were aligned in linear grooves, markedly the best results were obtained when the ridge pattern of the rubbing tool was moved under a 45° angle with respect to the direction of the grooves. The method was tested for both silica and polystyrene particles. The proposed assembly method can be used in the production of medical devices, antireflective coatings, and microfluidic devices with applications in chemical analysis and/or catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrien Verloy
- Department
of Chemical Engineering CHIS, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Mesoscale
Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Vankeerberghen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering CHIS, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Ignaas S. M. Jimidar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering CHIS, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Mesoscale
Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Han Gardeniers
- Mesoscale
Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department
of Chemical Engineering CHIS, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
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8
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Fallahi H, Cha H, Adelnia H, Dai Y, Ta HT, Yadav S, Zhang J, Nguyen NT. On-demand deterministic release of particles and cells using stretchable microfluidics. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:414-424. [PMID: 35237777 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00679g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies have been widely used for single-cell studies as they provide facile, cost-effective, and high-throughput evaluations of single cells with great accuracy. Capturing single cells has been investigated extensively using various microfluidic techniques. Furthermore, cell retrieval is crucial for the subsequent study of cells in applications such as drug screening. However, there are no robust methods for the facile release of the captured cells. Therefore, we developed a stretchable microfluidic cell trapper for easy on-demand release of cells in a deterministic manner. The stretchable microdevice consists of several U-shaped microstructures to capture single cells. The gap at the bottom edge of the microstructure broadens when the device is stretched along its width. By tuning the horizontal elongation of the device, ample space is provided to release particle/cell sizes of interest. The performance of the stretchable microdevice was evaluated using particles and cells. A deterministic release of particles was demonstrated using a mixture of 15 μm and 20 μm particles. The retrieval of the 15 μm particles and the 20 μm particles was achieved with elongation lengths of 1 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Two different cell lines, T47D breast cancer cells and J774A.1 macrophages, were employed to characterise the cell release capability of the device. The proposed stretchable micro cell trapper provided a deterministic recovery of the captured cells by adjusting the elongation length of the device. We believe that this stretchable microfluidic platform can provide an alternative method to facilely release trapped cells for subsequent evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Fallahi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Haotian Cha
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Hossein Adelnia
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Yuchen Dai
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Sharda Yadav
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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