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Zuo H, Duan J, Lyu B, Lyu W, Li Y, Mei X, Liao Y. Carbon Nanotube Template-Assisted Synthesis of Conjugated Microporous Polytriphenylamine with High Porosity for Efficient Supercapacitive Energy Storage. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300238. [PMID: 37335809 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with high porosity, redox activity, and electronic conductivity is of significant importance for their practical applications in electrochemical energy storage. Aminated-multiwall carbon nanotubes (NH2 -MWNT) are utilized to modulate the porosity and electronic conductivity of polytriphenylamine (PTPA), which is synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction of tri(4-bromophenyl)amine and phenylenediamine as constitutional units in a one-step in situ polymerization process. Compared to PTPA, the specific surface area of core-shell PTPA@MWNTs has been greatly improved from 32 to 484 m2 g-1 . The PTPA@MWNTs exhibites an improved specific capacitance, with the highest value 410 F g-1 in 0.5 M H2 SO4 at a current of 10 A g-1 achieve for PTPA@MWNT-4 due to the hierarchical meso-micro pores, high redox-activity and electronic conductivity. Symmetric supercapacitor assemble by PTPA@MWNT-4 has a capacitance of 216 F g-1 of total electrode materials and retains 71% of initial capacitance after 6000 cycles. This study gives new insights into the role of CNT templates in the adjustment of molecular structure, porosity, and electronic property of CMPs for the high-performance electrochemical energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Ju Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Baokang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Xianming Mei
- Tengfei Technology Limited Company, Kunshan, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Yaozu Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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Mousa AO, Lin ZI, Chuang CH, Chen CK, Kuo SW, Mohamed MG. Rational Design of Bifunctional Microporous Organic Polymers Containing Anthracene and Triphenylamine Units for Energy Storage and Biological Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108966. [PMID: 37240313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized two conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), An-Ph-TPA and An-Ph-Py CMPs, using the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. These CMPs are organic polymers with p-conjugated skeletons and persistent micro-porosity and contain anthracene (An) moieties linked to triphenylamine (TPA) and pyrene (Py) units. We characterized the chemical structures, porosities, thermal stabilities, and morphologies of the newly synthesized An-CMPs using spectroscopic, microscopic, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm techniques. Our results from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the An-Ph-TPA CMP displayed better thermal stability with Td10 = 467 °C and char yield of 57 wt% compared to the An-Ph-Py CMP with Td10 = 355 °C and char yield of 54 wt%. Furthermore, we evaluated the electrochemical performance of the An-linked CMPs and found that the An-Ph-TPA CMP had a higher capacitance of 116 F g-1 and better capacitance stability of 97% over 5000 cycles at 10 A g-1. In addition, we assessed the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of An-linked CMPs using the MTT assay and a live/dead cell viability assay and observed that they were non-toxic and biocompatible with high cell viability values after 24 or 48 h of incubation. These findings suggest that the An-based CMPs synthesized in this study have potential applications in electrochemical testing and the biological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Osama Mousa
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Ian Lin
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
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An Ultrastable Porous Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane/Tetraphenylthiophene Hybrid as a High-Performance Electrode for Supercapacitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196238. [PMID: 36234775 PMCID: PMC9572779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized three hybrid microporous polymers through Heck couplings of octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS) with 2,5-bis(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (OXD-Br2), tetrabromothiophene (Th-Br4), and 2,5-bis(4-bromophenyl)-3,4-diphenylthiophene (TPTh-Br2), obtaining the porous organic–inorganic polymers (POIPs) POSS-OXD, POSS-Th, and POSS-TPTh, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and solid state 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopy confirmed their chemical structures. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that, among these three systems, the POSS-Th POIP possessed the highest thermal stability (T5: 586 °C; T10: 785 °C; char yield: 90 wt%), presumably because of a strongly crosslinked network formed between its OVS and Th moieties. Furthermore, the specific capacity of the POSS-TPTh POIP (354 F g−1) at 0.5 A g−1 was higher than those of the POSS-Th (213 F g−1) and POSS-OXD (119 F g−1) POIPs. We attribute the superior electrochemical properties of the POSS-TPTh POIP to its high surface area and the presence of electron-rich phenyl groups within its structure.
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Mohamed MG, Mansoure TH, Samy MM, Takashi Y, Mohammed AAK, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM, Kim J, Matsagar BM, Wu KCW, Kuo SW. Ultrastable Conjugated Microporous Polymers Containing Benzobisthiadiazole and Pyrene Building Blocks for Energy Storage Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27062025. [PMID: 35335388 PMCID: PMC8952824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27062025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have become important precursors for environmental and energy applications, compared with inorganic electrode materials, due to their ease of preparation, facile charge storage process, π-conjugated structures, relatively high thermal and chemical stability, abundance in nature, and high surface areas. Therefore, in this study, we designed and prepared new benzobisthiadiazole (BBT)-linked CMPs (BBT-CMPs) using a simple Sonogashira couplings reaction by reaction of 4,8-dibromobenzo(1,2-c;4,5-c')bis(1,2,5)thiadiazole (BBT-Br2) with ethynyl derivatives of triphenylamine (TPA-T), pyrene (Py-T), and tetraphenylethene (TPE-T), respectively, to afford TPA-BBT-CMP, Py-BBT-CMP, and TPE-BBT-CMP. The chemical structure and properties of BBT-CMPs such as surface areas, pore size, surface morphologies, and thermal stability using different measurements were discussed in detail. Among the studied BBT-CMPs, we revealed that TPE-BBT-CMP displayed high degradation temperature, up to 340 °C, with high char yield and regular, aggregated sphere based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, the Py-BBT-CMP as organic electrode showed an outstanding specific capacitance of 228 F g-1 and superior capacitance stability of 93.2% (over 2000 cycles). Based on theoretical results, an important role of BBT-CMPs, due to their electronic structure, was revealed to be enhancing the charge storage. Furthermore, all three CMP polymers featured a high conjugation system, leading to improved electron conduction and small bandgaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (M.G.M.); (M.M.S.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (T.H.M.); (A.A.K.M.)
| | - Tharwat Hassan Mansoure
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (T.H.M.); (A.A.K.M.)
| | - Maha Mohamed Samy
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (M.G.M.); (M.M.S.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (T.H.M.); (A.A.K.M.)
| | - Yasuno Takashi
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (M.G.M.); (M.M.S.); (Y.T.)
| | - Ahmed A. K. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (T.H.M.); (A.A.K.M.)
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Saad M. Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Babasaheb M. Matsagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Kevin C.-W. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (K.C.-W.W.); (S.-W.K.)
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Center of Crystal Research, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (M.G.M.); (M.M.S.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.C.-W.W.); (S.-W.K.)
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