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Zhang H, Li J, Fan W. The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Enhancing the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of a Rubber Cover Joint. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1143. [PMID: 38675062 PMCID: PMC11054040 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of high-performance rubber composites has always been a research hotspot in the field of conveyor belt manufacturing. In this work, a rubber cover joint composite made of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared using latex mixing and mechanical blending methods, with a steel wire rope conveyor belt as the research object, and the influence of the rGO content on the properties of the rubber composite is discussed. The structure and morphology characterization of the rGO/NR rubber show that the addition of rGO does not change its crystal structure, and 1.2 phr rGO is uniformly dispersed throughout the rubber composite. As more rGO is added, the mechanical properties of the rGO rubber cover joint first improve and then worsen. With the addition of 1.2 phr, the cross-linking density increases by 80.6%, the tensile strength of the rubber composites increases by 49.7%, the elongation at break increases by 23.6%, and the adhesion strength increases by 12.4%. The tensile strength of the rGO rubber cover joint can still maintain 72.5% of its pre-thermal aging value. The wear resistance and thermal conductivity increase as more phr is added. When 3.0 phr is added, the wear resistance of the rubber composites increases by 32.9%, the thermal conductivity increases by 118.8%, and the temperature difference at the completion of vulcanization decreases from 4.5 °C to 1.8 °C. The results show that when 1.2 phr of rGO is added, the rubber conveyor belt joint obtains the best comprehensive performance. These enhanced comprehensive properties allow for the practical application of rGO nanomaterials to conveyor belt rubber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.Z.); (W.F.)
- Shanxi Province Engineer Technology Research Center for Mine Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Mining Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Junxia Li
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.Z.); (W.F.)
- Shanxi Province Engineer Technology Research Center for Mine Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Mining Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Wenrui Fan
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.Z.); (W.F.)
- Shanxi Province Engineer Technology Research Center for Mine Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Mining Fluid Control, Taiyuan 030024, China
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El Karout H, Shchur Y, Andrushchak A, Sahraoui B, Wielgosz R, Kityk O, Jędryka J, Slyvka Y, Kityk AV. Second harmonic generation on crystalline organic nanoclusters under extreme nanoconfinement in functionalized silica-benzil composites. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9943. [PMID: 37337016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a series of organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials combining the mesoporous silica (PS) and benzil (BZL) nanocrystals embedded into its nanochannels (6.0-13.0 nm in diameter) by capillary crystallization. One aims to design novel, efficient nonlinear optical composite materials in which inactive amorphous host PS-matrix provides a tubular scaffold structure, whereas nonlinear optical functionality results from specific properties of the deposited guest BZL-nanocrystals. A considerable contraction of the BZL melt during its crystallization inside the silica nanochannels results in a formation of the texture consisting of (221)- and (003)-oriented BZL nanoclusters (22 nm in length), separated by voids. Specificity of the textural morphology similarly to the spatial confinement significantly influences the nonlinear optical features of composite PS:BZL materials being explored in the second harmonic generation (SHG) experiment. The light polarization anisotropy of the SHG response appears to be considerably reduced at channel diameters larger than 7 nm apparently due to the multiple scattering and depolarization of the light on randomly distributed and crystallographically oriented BZL-nanoclusters. The normalized SHG response decreases nonlinearly by more than one order of magnitude as the channel diameter decreases from 13.0 to 6.0 nm and vanishes when spatial cylindrical confinement approaches the sizes of a few molecular layers suggesting that the embedded BZL clusters indeed are not uniformly crystalline but are characterized by more complex morphology consisting of a disordered SHG-inactive amorphous shell, covering the channel wall, and SHG-active crystalline core. Understanding and controlling of the textural morphology in inorganic-organic nanocrystalline composites as well as its relationships with nonlinear optical properties can lead to the development of novel efficient nonlinear optical materials for the light energy conversion with prospective optoelectronic and photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda El Karout
- University of Angers, LPhiA, SFR MATRIX, 2 Bd. Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex 01, France
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, SFR MATRIX, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Yaroslav Shchur
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii str., Lviv, 79011, Ukraine.
| | | | - Bouchta Sahraoui
- University of Angers, LPhiA, SFR MATRIX, 2 Bd. Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Robert Wielgosz
- Energia Oze Sp. z o.o., ul. Czȩstochowska 7, 42-274, Konopiska, Poland
| | - Olha Kityk
- Energia Oze Sp. z o.o., ul. Czȩstochowska 7, 42-274, Konopiska, Poland
| | - Jarosław Jędryka
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 17, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Yurii Slyvka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyryla i Mefodiya Str. 6, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Andriy V Kityk
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Częstochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 17, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
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Jovanovic JD, Blagojevic SN, Adnadjevic BK. The Effects of rGO Content and Drying Method on the Textural, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of rGO/Polymer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051287. [PMID: 36904528 PMCID: PMC10007388 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite hydrogels samples consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate/2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (poly-OH) and up to 60% reduced graphene oxide (rGO) containing rGO were synthesized. The method of coupled thermally induced self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) platelets within a polymer matrix and in situ chemical reduction of GO was applied. The synthesized hydrogels were dried using the ambient pressure drying (APD) and freeze-drying (FD) methods. The effects of the weight fraction of rGO in the composites and the drying method on the textural, morphological, thermal, and rheological properties were examined for the dried samples. The obtained results indicate that APD leads to the formation of non-porous xerogels (X) of high bulk density (D), while FD results in the formation of highly porous aerogels (A) with low D. An increase in the weight fraction of rGO in the composite xerogels leads to an increase in D, specific surface area (SA), pore volume (Vp), average pore diameter (dp), and porosity (P). With an increase in the weight fraction of rGO in A-composites, the D values increase while the values of SP, Vp, dp, and P decrease. Thermo-degradation (TD) of both X and A composites takes place through three distinct steps: dehydration, decomposition of residual oxygen functional group, and polymer chain degradation. The thermal stabilities (TS) of the X-composites and X-rGO are higher than those of the A-composites and A-rGO. The values of the storage modulus (E') and the loss modulus (E") of the A-composites increase with the increase in their weight fraction of rGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena D. Jovanovic
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Stevan N. Blagojevic
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Borivoj K. Adnadjevic
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
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Graphene-based hydrogel with embedded gold nanoparticles as a recyclable catalyst for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Krishnan S, M G M, Das A, Bhargavan S, Ganesan K, Sivaram S, Vadivelu P, Ragupathy L. In-situ interfacial compatibilization via edge-sulfurated few layer graphene during the formation of crosslinked graphene-rubber nanocomposites. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4013. [PMID: 35256732 PMCID: PMC8901685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report various physico-chemical approaches to probe the nature of the interface between few layers graphene (FLG) and carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) nanocomposites prepared through efficient blending of XNBR latex with an aqueous dispersion of FLG. The extent of physical interaction between FLG and XNBR was investigated using Lorentz-Park and Cunneen-Russell models. The chemical interface between FLG and sulfur crosslinked XNBR was studied using model reactions between sulfur and graphene in presence of zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ZMBT). We propose that an edge sulfurated FLG is formed, which could chemically bond with XNBR during the vulcanization process. Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to unravel the mechanistic insights, which support this hypothesis and suggest a kinetically favorable sulfuration of both XNBR and FLG. The formation of a chemical bond between edge-FLG and XNBR through the proposed intermediacy of sulfurated FLG leads to the observed improvement in mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeth Krishnan
- Corporate R&D Center, HLL Lifecare Limited, Akkulam, Sreekariam (P.O), Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India
| | - Maya M G
- Corporate R&D Center, HLL Lifecare Limited, Akkulam, Sreekariam (P.O), Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India
| | - Akhil Das
- Corporate R&D Center, HLL Lifecare Limited, Akkulam, Sreekariam (P.O), Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India
| | - Suja Bhargavan
- Corporate R&D Center, HLL Lifecare Limited, Akkulam, Sreekariam (P.O), Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India
| | - Krithika Ganesan
- Deapartment of Chemistry, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, 610005, India
| | - Swaminathan Sivaram
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Prabha Vadivelu
- Deapartment of Chemistry, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, 610005, India.
| | - Lakshminarayanan Ragupathy
- Corporate R&D Center, HLL Lifecare Limited, Akkulam, Sreekariam (P.O), Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India.
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Wang D, Wang Y, He C, Li J, Omoniyi AO, Lu S, Li X, Zhang J, Sun J, Su Z. Demonstration of temperature-sensitive paints with rigorously controlled thickness applied to variously shaped metal substrates with a highly stable connection based on a demulsification-induced fast solidification strategy. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Temperature-sensitive paints with rigorously controlled thickness are in situ fabricated on metal surfaces based on the demulsification-induced fast solidification method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaokai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Caicai He
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyan Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Olalekan Omoniyi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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