1
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Luo X, Zhai Y, Wang P, Tian B, Liu S, Li J, Yang C, Strehmel V, Li S, Matyjaszewski K, Yilmaz G, Strehmel B, Chen Z. Light-Mediated Polymerization Catalyzed by Carbon Nanomaterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316431. [PMID: 38012084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials, specifically carbon dots and carbon nitrides, play a crucial role as heterogeneous photoinitiators in both radical and cationic polymerization processes. These recently introduced materials offer promising solutions to the limitations of current homogeneous systems, presenting a novel approach to photopolymerization. This review highlights the preparation and photocatalytic performance of these nanomaterials, emphasizing their application in various polymerization techniques, including photoinduced i) free radical, ii) RAFT, iii) ATRP, and iv) cationic photopolymerization. Additionally, it discusses their potential in addressing contemporary challenges and explores prospects in this field. Moreover, carbon nitrides, in particular, exhibit exceptional oxygen tolerance, underscoring their significance in radical polymerization processes and allowing their applications such as 3D printing, surface modification of coatings, and hydrogel engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Bing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA-15213, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Adlerstr. 1, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, 150040, China
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2
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Xie P, Yan W, Ji H, He H, Zhang L, Cao H. Emulsion-Directed Synthesis of Poly-Porphyrin Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for PET-RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300336. [PMID: 37571924 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysts have attracted extensive attention in photo-induced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization due to their remarkable advantages such as easy preparation, tunable photoelectric properties, and recyclability. In this study, zinc (II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTAPP)-based poly-porphyrin nanoparticles (PTAPP-Zn) are constructed by an emulsion-directed approach. It is investigated as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for PET-RAFT polymerization of various methacrylate monomers under visible light exposure, and the reactions show refined polymerization control with high monomer conversions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the PTAPP-Zn nanoparticles with the larger pore size enhance photocatalytic activity in PET-RAFT polymerization. In addition, the capabilities of oxygen tolerance and temporal control are demonstrated and PTAPP-Zn particles can be easily recycled and reused without an obvious decrease in catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weifeng Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hongyu Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Haochen He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liangshun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hongliang Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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3
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Cvek M, Jazani AM, Sobieski J, Jamatia T, Matyjaszewski K. Comparison of Mechano- and PhotoATRP with ZnO Nanocrystals. Macromolecules 2023; 56:5101-5110. [PMID: 37457022 PMCID: PMC10339823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) was previously reported as an excellent cocatalyst for mechanically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (mechanoATRP), but its photocatalytic properties in photoinduced ATRP (photoATRP) have been much less explored. Herein, well-defined ZnO nanocrystals were prepared via microwave-assisted synthesis and applied as a heterogeneous cocatalyst in mechano- and photoATRP. Both techniques yielded polymers with outstanding control over the molecular weight, but ZnO-cocatalyzed photoATRP was much faster than analogous mechanoATRP (conversion of 91% in 1 h vs 54% in 5 h). The kinetics of photoATRP was tuned by loadings of ZnO nanocrystals. PhotoATRP with ZnO did not require any excess of ligand versus Cu, in contrast to mechanoATRP, requiring an excess of ligand, acting as a reducing agent. ZnO-cocatalyzed photoATRP proceeded controllably without prior deoxygenation, since ZnO was involved in a cascade of reactions, leading to the rapid elimination of oxygen. The versatility and robustness of the technique were demonstrated for various (meth)acrylate monomers with good temporal control and preservation of end-group functionality, illustrated by the formation of tailored block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Cvek
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Centre
of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University
in Zlin, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Julian Sobieski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Thaiskang Jamatia
- Centre
of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University
in Zlin, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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4
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Lu Z, Zhao R, Yang H, Fu X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Hou L. Influence of the Building Unit on Covalent Organic Frameworks in Mediating Photo‐induced Energy‐Transfer Reversible Complexation‐Mediated Radical Polymerization (PET‐RCMP). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208898. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801 P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801 P. R. China
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801 P. R. China
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801 P. R. China
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
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5
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Lu Z, Zhao R, Yang H, Fu X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Hou L. Influence of Building Unit on the Covalent Organic Framework in Mediating Photo‐induced PET‐RCMP. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Fuzhou University Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory CHINA
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering xueyuan road,2 350116 fuzhou CHINA
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering xueyuan road,2 350116 fuzhou CHINA
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Linxi Hou
- Fuzhou University Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering Xueyuan Road No. 2, Fuzhou 350116, China CHINA
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6
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Lorandi F, Fantin M, Matyjaszewski K. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: A Mechanistic Perspective. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15413-15430. [PMID: 35882005 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since its inception, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has seen continuous evolution in terms of the design of the catalyst and reaction conditions; today, it is one of the most useful techniques to prepare well-defined polymers as well as one of the most notable examples of catalysis in polymer chemistry. This Perspective highlights fundamental advances in the design of ATRP reactions and catalysts, focusing on the crucial role that mechanistic studies play in understanding, rationalizing, and predicting polymerization outcomes. A critical summary of traditional ATRP systems is provided first; we then focus on the most recent developments to improve catalyst selectivity, control polymerizations via external stimuli, and employ new photochemical or dual catalytic systems with an outlook to future research directions and open challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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7
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Qiao X, Hao Q, Chen M, Shi G, He Y, Pang X. Simple Full-Spectrum Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for Photo-induced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) under UV/vis/NIR and its Application for the Preparation of Dual Mode Curing Injectable Photoluminescence Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21555-21563. [PMID: 35500109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The utilizing light with broadband range has attracted lots of research interest for the photo induced reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). However, it is still a challenge for a single catalyst to simultaneously respond to various lights with highly varied wavelengths. Here, we proposed a simple strategy for the preparation of a heterogeneous photocatalyst suitable for photo induced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) under full spectrum (from UV/vis light to NIR), by combining pyridine nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). In the presence of these robust UCNP@SiO2@N-CDs composite particles, the photoATRP could be carried on under the different irradiations of UV, blue, green, red, white, and 980 nm NIR light, with a low loading of part per million concentrations of the CuBr2/L catalyst. Moreover, the excellent solvent and aqueous compatibility allow UCNP@SiO2@N-CDs to be capable for photoATRP in both organic solvents and aqueous media, providing well-defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers with low dispersity and excellent chain-end fidelity. In addition, the photoATRP with 980 nm NIR exhibited excellent penetrations through visible-light-proof barriers. The system could be used for the preparation of an injectable hydrogel that had dual curing and photoluminescence modes. Owing to the "living" characteristics of polymer chains achieved through ATRP, the hydrogel was capable to be easily repaired by using monomer as the binder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Qiao
- College of Materials Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Rare Earth Composite Materials, Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Fiber Preparation and Modification, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, P. R. China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qianqian Hao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ge Shi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanjie He
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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8
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Wu Z, Jung K, Wu C, Ng G, Wang L, Liu J, Boyer C. Selective Photoactivation of Trithiocarbonates Mediated by Metal Naphthalocyanines and Overcoming Activation Barriers Using Thermal Energy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:995-1005. [PMID: 35005982 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal naphthalocyanines (MNcs) were demonstrated to be efficient photocatalysts to activate photoinduced electron-transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization, enabling well-controlled polymerization of (meth)acrylates under near-infrared (λ = 780 nm) light. Owing to their lower redox potential compared to previously explored photocatalysts, the activation of trithiocarbonate RAFT agents exhibited a unique selectivity that was dependent on the nature of the R group. Specifically, MNcs were capable in activating tertiary R group trithiocarbonates, whereas no activation of the trithiocarbonate possessing a secondary R group was observed. The combination of density functional theory calculations and experimental studies have revealed new mechanistic insights into the factors governing a PET-RAFT mechanism and explained this unique selectivity of MNcs toward tertiary carbon trithiocarbonates. Interestingly, by increasing the reaction temperature moderately (i.e., ∼15 °C), the energy barrier prohibiting the photoactivation of the trithiocarbonate with a secondary R group was overcome, enabling their successful activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Chenyu Wu
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Gervase Ng
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Graphene Applied Technology Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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9
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Bell K, Freeburne S, Wolford A, Pester CW. Reusable polymer brush-based photocatalysts for PET-RAFT polymerization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00966h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescein polymer-brush functionalized glass beads synthesize polymers via photoelectron reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. These shelf stable heterogeneous catalysts can be recycled after simple filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sarah Freeburne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Adam Wolford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Christian W. Pester
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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10
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Li Q, Lu Z, Yang H, Cai J, Yin X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Hou L. Photoinduced organocatalyzed controlled radical polymerization feasible over a wide range of wavelengths. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01444g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We successfully synthesized a catalyst with a wide absorption range (300–1000 nm) for controlled radical polymerization of PEGMA in aqueous solution and MMA in bulk under the irradiation of white, blue, green, red, and NIR LED light, and sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Li
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P.R. China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Cai
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Yin
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P.R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
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11
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Narumi A, Sato SI, Shen X, Kakuchi T. Precision synthesis for well-defined linear and/or architecturally controlled thermoresponsive poly(N-substituted acrylamide)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01449h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the progress in precision polymerizations of specific kinds of N-alkylacrylamides and N,N-dialkylacrylamides to produce polymers showing thermoresponsive properties in aqueous media, which representatively include the reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations...
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12
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Lin X, Li J, Pan X, Zhang Z, Zhu J. Controlled Cationic Polymerization Using RAFT Agents with Selenonium Cations as Metal-Free Lewis Acids: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Catalysis. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00089j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Living cationic polymerization is a well-known technique, but it is generally limited by strict operating conditions. Here, a series of selenonium cations was used as a new class of catalysts...
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13
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Zhang L, Ng G, Kapoor‐Kaushik N, Shi X, Corrigan N, Webster R, Jung K, Boyer C. 2D Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets as Multidimensional Photocatalysts for Functional Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Gervase Ng
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Natasha Kapoor‐Kaushik
- Electron Microscopy Unit Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- Electron Microscopy Unit Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
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14
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Guo Y, Zou Y, Jiang J. Plasmonic-redox controlled atom transfer radical polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8766-8769. [PMID: 34378582 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic-ATRP has been developed in which Cu(i) species are (re)generated via photo-redox reactions both directly by hot electrons and indirectly by hot holes, in which the polymerization degree and molecular weight can be regulated by controlling the rate of plasmonic hot carrier extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Guo
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
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15
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Lu Z, Yang H, Fu X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Zhang Z, Hou L. Visible Light-Regulated Heterogeneous Catalytic PET-RAFT by High Crystallinity Covalent Organic Framework. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100384. [PMID: 34418210 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of promising photocatalysts for conversing light energy into chemical energy. Based on the tunable building blocks, COFs can be well-designed as photocatalyst for mediating reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Herein, 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)pyrene (TFPPy) and 2,2″-bipyridine-5,5″-diamine (Bpy) are chosen to construct imine-based TFPPy-Bpy-COFs for catalyzing RAFT polymerization of methacrylates under white light irradiation. The well-defined polymers with precise molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution are obtained. The switch on/off light experiments suggest excellent temporal control toward RAFT polymerization system and the chain-extension reaction indicates high chain-end fidelity of macro-initiators. Mechanism study clarifies that the electron transfer between excited state of TFPPy-Bpy-COFs and RAFT agent can form living radicals to mediate polymerization. This methodology provides a novel platform for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization using COFs as heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Zhuofan Zhang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
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16
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Zhu Y, Egap E. Light-Mediated Polymerization Induced by Semiconducting Nanomaterials: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:76-99. [PMID: 36855427 PMCID: PMC9954404 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct capture of solar energy for chemical transformation via photocatalysis proves to be a cost-effective and energy-saving approach to construct organic compounds. With the recent growth in photosynthesis, photopolymerization has been established as a robust strategy for the production of specialty polymers with complex structures, precise molecular weight, and narrow dispersity. A key challenge in photopolymerization is the scarcity of effective photomediators (photoinitiators, photocatalysts, etc.) that can provide polymerization with high yield and well-defined polymer products. Current efforts on developing photomediators have mainly focused on organic dyes and metal complexes. On the other hand, nanomaterials (NMs), particularly semiconducting nanomaterials (SNMs), are suitable candidates for photochemical reactions due to their unique optical and electrical properties, such as high absorption coefficients, large charge diffusion lengths, and broad absorption spectra. This review provides a comprehensive insight into SNMs' photomediated polymerizations and highlights the roles SNMs play in photopolymerizations, types of polymerizations, applications in producing advanced materials, and the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhu
- †Department
of Materials Science and Nanoengineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Eilaf Egap
- †Department
of Materials Science and Nanoengineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States,
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17
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Zhang L, Ng G, Kapoor-Kaushik N, Shi X, Corrigan N, Webster R, Jung K, Boyer C. 2D Porphyrinic Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets as Multidimensional Photocatalysts for Functional Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22664-22671. [PMID: 34322965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultrathin porphyrinic 2D MOFs, ZnTCPP nanosheets (TCPP: 5,10,15,20-(tetra-4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) were employed as heterogeneous photocatalysts to activate PET-RAFT polymerization under various wavelengths ranging from violet to orange light. High polymerization rates, oxygen tolerance, and precise temporal control were achieved. The polymers showed narrow molecular weight distributions and good chain-end fidelity. The 2D ZnTCPP nanosheets were applied as photocatalysts in stereolithographic 3D printing in an open-air environment under blue light to yield well-defined 3D printed objects. Apart from providing an efficient catalytic system, 2D ZnTCPP nanosheets reinforced the mechanical properties of the 3D printed materials. The presence of ZnTCPP embedded in the materials conferred effective antimicrobial activity under visible light by production of singlet oxygen, affording 98 % and 93 % anti-bacterial efficiency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Gervase Ng
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Natasha Kapoor-Kaushik
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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18
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Gong HH, Zhang Y, Cheng YP, Lei MX, Zhang ZC. The Application of Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in Modification of PVDF-based Fluoropolymer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Dadashi-Silab S, Lorandi F, DiTucci MJ, Sun M, Szczepaniak G, Liu T, Matyjaszewski K. Conjugated Cross-linked Phenothiazines as Green or Red Light Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Copper-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9630-9638. [PMID: 34152140 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Using the power of light to drive controlled radical polymerizations has provided significant advances in synthesis of well-defined polymers. Photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) systems often employ UV light to regenerate copper activator species to mediate the polymerization. Taking full advantage of long-wavelength visible light for ATRP would require developing appropriate photocatalytic systems that engage in photoinduced electron transfer processes with the ATRP components to generate activating species. Herein, we developed conjugated microporous polymers (CMP) as heterogeneous photocatalysts to exploit the power of visible light in promoting copper-catalyzed ATRP. The photocatalyst was designed by cross-linking phenothiazine (PTZ) as a photoactive core in the presence of dimethoxybenzene as a cross-linker via the Friedel-Crafts reaction. The resulting PTZ-CMP network showed photoactivity in the visible region due to the extended conjugation throughout the network because of the aromatic groups connecting the PTZ units. Therefore, photoinduced copper-catalyzed ATRP was performed with CMPs that regenerated activator species under green or red light irradiation to start the ATRP process. This resulted in efficient polymerization of acrylate and methacrylate monomers with high conversion and well-controlled molecular weight. The heterogeneous nature of the photocatalyst enabled easy separation and efficient reusability in subsequent polymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Dadashi-Silab
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Matthew J DiTucci
- PPG Coatings Innovation Center, 4325 Rosanna Drive, Allison Park, Pennsylvania 15101, United States
| | - Mingkang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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20
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Olson RA, Levi JS, Scheutz GM, Lessard JJ, Figg CA, Kamat MN, Basso KB, Sumerlin BS. Macromolecular Photocatalyst for Synthesis and Purification of Protein–Polymer Conjugates. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Olson
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jordan S. Levi
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Georg M. Scheutz
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jacob J. Lessard
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - C. Adrian Figg
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Manasi N. Kamat
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Education Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Kari B. Basso
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Education Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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21
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Yang H, Lu Z, Fu X, Li Q, Xiao L, Zhao R, Zhao Y, Hou L. Multipath oxygen-mediated PET-RAFT polymerization by a conjugated organic polymer photocatalyst under red LED irradiation. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
TCPP-DMTA-COP has been synthesized and serves as a heterogeneous photocatalyst in a multipath aerobic-mediated reductive quenching pathway (O-RQP) for a PET-RAFT polymerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Li
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
| | - Rukai Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
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