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Barik S, Ranganathappa SS, Biju AT. N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of N-Aryl phthalimides and maleimides via activation of carboxylic acids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5755. [PMID: 38982037 PMCID: PMC11233592 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, N-aryl phthalimides are synthesized by the condensation of phthalic anhydride and aniline derivatives, usually proceeding under harsh conditions. The alternative mild and organocatalytic strategies for their synthesis are underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate the organocatalytic atroposelective synthesis of N-aryl phthalimides via the traditional N-CC=O disconnection under mild conditions. The in-situ acid activation of phthalamic acid and subsequent N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed atroposelective amidation allowed the synthesis of well-decorated N-aryl phthalimides in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Mechanistic studies reveal the addition of NHC to the in situ generated isoimides, thus introducing a unique mode of generating acylazoliums. Interestingly, both enantiomers of the product can be accessed from the same phthalic anhydride and aniline using the same NHC pre-catalyst. Moreover, this strategy has been extended to the atroposelective synthesis of N-aryl maleimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Barik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | | | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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2
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Schmidt TA, Hutskalova V, Sparr C. Atroposelective catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:497-517. [PMID: 38890539 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomeric compounds-stereoisomers that arise from the restricted rotation about a single bond-have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their immense potential for applications in a variety of fields, including medicinal chemistry, catalysis and molecular nanoscience. This increased interest led to the invention of new molecular motors, the incorporation of atropisomers into drug discovery programmes and a wide range of novel atroposelective reactions, including those that simultaneously control multiple stereogenic axes. A diverse set of synthetic methodologies, which can be grouped into desymmetrizations, (dynamic) kinetic resolutions, cross-coupling reactions and de novo ring formations, is available for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of various atropisomer classes. In this Review, we generalize the concepts for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of atropisomers within these categories with an emphasis on recent advancements and underdeveloped atropisomeric scaffolds beyond stereogenic C(sp2)-C(sp2) axes. We also discuss more complex systems with multiple stereogenic axes or higher-order stereogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanno A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Li W, Zhang J. Sadphos as Adaptive Ligands in Asymmetric Palladium Catalysis. Acc Chem Res 2024. [PMID: 38295326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusPalladium catalysis, as one of the most important strategies in asymmetric synthesis, has continuously attracted the attention of organic chemists. With the development of chiral ligands, increasingly challenging reactions and substantial progress in asymmetric catalysis are being realized.Since 2014, we have focused on exploiting a series of sulfinamide phosphine ligands called "Sadphos," including Ming-Phos, Xu-Phos, Xiao-Phos, Xiang-Phos, TY-Phos, PC-Phos, GF-Phos, and WJ-Phos. These ligands can be easily prepared in two to four steps using commercial materials. These new types of ligands have shown remarkable performance in transition-metal-catalyzed reactions, especially in Pd-catalyzed transformations. X-ray diffraction analysis, mechanistic studies, and density functional theory calculations have revealed that Sadphos ligands can coordinate with the Pd0 and PdII species in the Pd0/P, Pd0/P,S, or PdII/P,O modes.This Account summarizes our recent efforts toward palladium-catalyzed enantioselective reactions using Sadphos ligands. These ligands were found to be privileged and very crucial to promote the reactions by increasing the reactivity and enantioselectivity. Ming-Phos is an effective ligand in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric coupling and intramolecular Heck reactions, providing highly enantioselective trisubstituted allenes, axially chiral anilides, gem-diarylmethine silanes, and disubstituted dihydroisoquinolinones. Incorporation of an electron-rich cyclohexyl group in the phosphine moiety afforded Xu-Phos, which showed a unique effect in a series of asymmetric transformations, including reductive Heck, dearomative Mizoroki-Heck, tandem Heck/Suzuki coupling, carboiodination, carboamination, and cross-coupling reactions. Using a similar strategy, our group synthesized more electron-rich TY-Phos and Xiang-Phos ligands bearing t-butyl and 1-adamantyl group at P atoms, respectively. Regarding stereoelectronic features, these two characteristic ligands were the best choice to satisfy the requirements of the palladium-catalyzed fluoroarylation of gem-difluoroalkenes, intermolecular α-arylation of aldehydes, carboetherification of alkenyl oximes, and carboheterofunctionalization of 2,3-dihydrofurans. Compared with the aforementioned Sadphos ligands, the attractive features of Xiao-Phos, including high nucleophilicity originating from the CH2PPh2 group and the ortho-substituent effect at the side of the aryl ring, are presumably responsible for its efficiency. The Pd/Xiao-Phos catalyst system shows good performance in a series of cross-coupling reactions of secondary phosphine oxides, affording P-stereogenic products bearing multiple types of molecular skeletons. The modification of the basic Sadphos backbone by introducing a xanthene skeleton motivated us to design and synthesize monophosphines, named PC-Phos and GF-Phos. PC-Phos is effective in various reactions, including arylation of sulfenate anions, denitrogenative cyclization of benzotriazoles, and dearomatization of indoles. The practicability of GF-Phos was validated in the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric three-component coupling of N-tosylhydrazones, aryl halides, and terminal alkynes, as well as in the cross-coupling of N-tosylhydrazones and vinyl iodides with pendent amines. In addition, ferrocene-derived WJ-Phos was employed in the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, affording axially chiral biaryl monophosphine oxides in excellent enantiomeric excesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Hu W, Huang J, Yao J, Guo W, Gao G, Yin F, Hu H, Pei X, Wang H, Tao C. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Dearomatization of Indoles to Achieve Carbonyl-Containing Spirocyclic Indolenines Bearing an All-Carbon Quaternary Center. Org Lett 2023; 25:5951-5956. [PMID: 37535423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed carbonylative dearomatization via an acyl Pd complex has been developed. Diversified carbonyl-containing spirocyclic indolenines with an all-carbon quaternary center were constructed in an efficient and straightforward way with good to excellent yields. The protocol features a simple catalytic system, operational simplicity, a broad substrate scope, easy scale-up, and versatile transformations. In addition, the asymmetric reaction was initially explored with moderate enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyu Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Gao
- Jiangsu Province Lianyungang Flood Control and Motorized Rescue Team, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fujun Yin
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayou Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Xiaoqin Pei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanzhou Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
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Molnár Á. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Five‐membered Nitrogen Heterocycles Induced by Palladium Ions and Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Molnár
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 6720 Szeged Hungary
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6
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Sims HS, Dai M. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylations: Application in Complex Natural Product Total Synthesis and Recent Developments. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4925-4941. [PMID: 36705327 PMCID: PMC10127288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide is a cheap and abundant C1 building block that can be readily incorporated into organic molecules to rapidly build structural complexity. In this Perspective, we outline several recent (since 2015) examples of palladium-catalyzed carbonylations in streamlining complex natural product total synthesis and highlight the strategic importance of these carbonylation reactions in the corresponding synthesis. The selected examples include spinosyn A, callyspongiolide, perseanol, schizozygane alkaloids, cephanolides, and bisdehydroneostemoninine and related stemona alkaloids. We also provide our perspective about the recent advancements and future developments of palladium-catalyzed carbonylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Sims
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
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7
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Liu N, Wu X, Qu J, Chen Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Iodides with 1 atm CO. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201061. [PMID: 36373896 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reported here is a nickel-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aromatic iodides with (hetero)aryl anilines and alkyl amines under atmospheric CO pressure. The reaction features with broad substrate scope with excellent functional group tolerance, providing an expedient method for the construction of amide analogues. Notably, amino alcohols can be selectively transformed into the corresponding amides successfully without interfering the hydroxyl group under the current standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science& Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xianqing Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science& Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jingping Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science& Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science& Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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8
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Construction of Non-Biaryl Atropisomeric Amide Scaffolds Bearing a C-N Axis via Enantioselective Catalysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196583. [PMID: 36235120 PMCID: PMC9572367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant scaffold offered by atropisomeric amides with a C–N chiral axis has been extensively utilized for pharmaceuticals, agricultural science, and organic syntheses. As a result, the field of atropisomer synthesis has attracted considerable interest within chemistry communities. To date, a range of catalytic atroposelective approaches has been reported for the efficient construction of these challenging scaffolds. However, greatly concise and highly useful methodologies for the synthesis of these atropisomeric compounds, focusing on transition-metal, chiral amine, and phosphoric acid catalysis reactions, etc., are still desirable. Hence, it is indispensable to succinctly and systematically present all such reports by means of disclosing the mechanistic analysis and application, as well as the challenges and issues associated with the establishment of these atropisomers. In this review, we summarize the development of catalytic asymmetric synthetic strategies to access non-biaryl atropisomers rotating around a C–N chiral axis, including the reaction methods, mechanism, late-stage transformations, and applications.
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9
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Kang C, Xu J, Li X, Wang S, Jiang G, Ji F. Oxidative C-H/N-H Carbonylation of Benzamide by Nickel Catalysis with CO as the Carbonyl Source. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10390-10397. [PMID: 35881524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and direct carbonylation of aminoquinoline benzamides has been developed using abundant and inexpensive Ni(OAc)2·4H2O as the catalyst and carbon monoxide as a cost-efficient C1 building block. This process features good functional-group tolerance and can be conducted on gram scale. The directing group can be easily removed under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shoucai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guangbin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, China
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10
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Mei GJ, Koay WL, Guan CY, Lu Y. Atropisomers beyond the C–C axial chirality: Advances in catalytic asymmetric synthesis. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Liu M, Huang M, Li W, Yan Y, Li M, Zhang X. Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral N‐Aryl‐3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Min Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Yingkun Yan
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Min Li
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province Ren Min Nan Lu 610041 Chengdu CHINA
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12
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Hu H, Yu T, Cheng S, Li J, Gan C, Luo S, Zhu Q. Palladium-catalyzed tandem Heck/carbonylation/aminocarbonylation en route to chiral heterocyclic α-ketoamides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01680f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented tandem carbonylation/aminocarbonylation triggered by palladium-catalyzed enantioselective Heck-type exocyclopalladation delivering chiral heterocyclic α-ketoamides has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaanzi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sidi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunfang Gan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005 Guangzhou, China
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Frey J, Hou X, Ackermann L. Atropoenantioselective Palladaelectro-Catalyzed Anilide C–H Olefinations Viable with Natural Sunlight as Sustainable Power Source. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2729-2734. [PMID: 35340853 PMCID: PMC8890107 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06135f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective electrocatalyzed transformations represent a major challenge. We herein achieved atropoenantioselective pallada-electrocatalyzed C–H olefinations and C–H allylations with high efficacy and enantioselectivity under exceedingly mild reaction conditions. With (S)-5-oxoproline as the chiral ligand, activated and non-activated olefins were suitable substrates for the electro-C–H activations. Dual catalysis was devised in terms of electro-C–H olefination, along with catalytic hydrogenation. Challenging enantiomerically-enriched chiral anilide scaffolds were thereby obtained with high levels of enantio-control in the absence of toxic and cost-intensive silver salts. The resource-economy of the transformation was even improved by directly employing renewable solar energy. Asymmetric pallada-electrocatalyzed C–H activation of achiral anilides were accomplished by catalyst control with high levels of enantioselectivity. Dual catalysis was devised, while photovoltaic cells could be used to empower the electrocatalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Frey
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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14
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Stereoselective construction of atropisomers featuring a C–N chiral axis. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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